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Wang M, Li Y, Lv Y, Tang J, Wei P, Lu P, Zhao L, Li G, Cao Z, An T. Quantitative characterization of resident' exposure to typical semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) around a non-ferrous metal smelting plant. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133353. [PMID: 38154186 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
To comprehensively characterize residents' exposure to major semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), samples of indoor floor wipes, size-segregated airborne particles, gaseous air, food, and paired skin wipes were simultaneously collected from residential areas around a large non-ferrous metal smelting plant as compared with the control areas, and three typical SVOCs (including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), and halogenated PAHs (HPAHs)) were determined. Comparison and correlation analysis among matrices indicated PAHs were the major contaminants emitted from metal smelting activities compared to HPAHs and PCBs, with naphthalene verified as the most important characteristic compound, and their accumulation on skin may be a comprehensive consequence of contact with floor dust and air. While patterns of human exposure pathways for the SVOCs were found to be clearly correlated to their vapor pressure, dermal absorption was the major contributor (51.1-76.3%) to total carcinogenic risk (TCR) of PAHs and HPAHs for surrounding residents, especially for low molecular weight PAHs, but dietary ingestion (98.6%) was the dominant exposure pathway to PCBs. The TCR of PAHs exceeded the acceptable level (1 × 10-4), implying smelting activities obviously elevated the health risk. This study will serve developing pertinent exposure and health risk prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Wang
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiyi Li
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yinyi Lv
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jian Tang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pengkun Wei
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Ping Lu
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Leicheng Zhao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhiguo Cao
- School of Environment, Key Laboratory for Yellow River and Huai River Water Environment and Pollution Control, Ministry of Education, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China.
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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Schertzinger G, Itzel F, Kerstein J, Tuerk J, Schmidt TC, Sures B. Accumulation pattern and possible adverse effects of organic pollutants in sediments downstream of combined sewer overflows. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 675:295-304. [PMID: 31030136 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study was conducted to investigate sediment accumulation patterns of PAHs, PCBs, flame retardants and pesticides along 100 m transects downstream from three different combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Additionally, the concentrations of PAHs and PCBs were quantified to allow a characterization of the sediment quality. The suspect screening revealed that usually more substances, especially pesticides and flame retardants, were detected in sediments located in the vicinity of CSOs. Except for PAHs at Location 1 and 3, all substances followed the same accumulation pattern, showing higher contaminations in sediments sampled downstream from the CSOs compared to an upstream located reference site. With increasing distance to the respective input, sediment concentrations decreased. Different accumulation patterns of PAHs at Locations 1 and 3 were related to high background concentrations of the receiving creek. Although the general contamination patterns were similar, the level of contamination was different at each location. PAH concentrations are indicative for the occurrence of sediment toxicity at Location 3. However, higher background concentrations in the receiving creek compared to concentrations present in the retention zone indicate a higher probability for sediment toxicity due to inherited waste or contamination from upper reaches. PCBs introduced by the sewer outfall at Location 1 significantly increased the toxic potential of sediments located in the vicinity of the CSO. The retention zones at Locations 2 and 3 appeared to be a good measure to trap particles and their associated pollutants before they accumulate in the creek sediments where they became potentially harmful for the aquatic biota. Based on this study recommendations for sampling strategies were concluded to harmonize sampling designs in studies analyzing the impact of point sources on the sediment quality and to minimize misinterpretation of results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Schertzinger
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany.
| | - Fabian Itzel
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Jill Kerstein
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Tuerk
- Institut für Energie- und Umwelttechnik e. V. (IUTA, Institute of Energy and Environmental Technology), Bliersheimer Str. 58-60, 47229 Duisburg, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Torsten C Schmidt
- Department of Instrumental Analytical Chemistry, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Sures
- Department of Aquatic Ecology, University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 5, 45141 Essen, Germany; Centre of Water and Environmental Research (ZWU), University Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45141 Essen, Germany
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Sakin AE, Esen F, Tasdemir Y. Effects of sampling interval on the passive air sampling of atmospheric PCBs levels. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2017; 52:673-679. [PMID: 28332915 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1297148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we collected Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) using passive air samplers (PASs), between February 4, 2013 and February 2, 2014, with the sampling periods ranging from 10 to 60 days. The samples were collected with PASs that contained polyurethane foam (PUF). With these samples, 87 PCB congeners were analyzed. Sampling coefficient (R) values for the four seasons were calculated using both the high volume air sampler (HVAS) and PAS samples collected with the same time interval. The average of the annual concentrations of 87 PCB congeners, calculated using the R values specific to this study, was 234 ± 175 pg/m3. PCB congeners with 3- and 4- chlorines were dominant. The samples were collected at the same time interval but at different times to represent accumulation in the PASs. The linear regression coefficients (r) of the PCB mass accumulated in PASs against time ranged from 0.89 and 0.97 indicating that accumulation was linear. Moreover, the concentrations of the PCB congeners were statistically correlated with atmospheric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Egemen Sakin
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Uludag University , Bursa , Turkey
| | - Fatma Esen
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Uludag University , Bursa , Turkey
| | - Yucel Tasdemir
- a Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Uludag University , Bursa , Turkey
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