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Qiu Q, Ding C, Mgelwa AS, Feng J, Lei M, Gan Z, Zhu B, Hu YL. Contrasting impacts of fertilization on topsoil and subsoil greenhouse gas fluxes in a thinned Chinese fir plantation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 359:121055. [PMID: 38701585 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Globally, forest soils are considered as important sources and sinks of greenhouse gases (GHGs). However, most studies on forest soil GHG fluxes are confined to the topsoils (above 20 cm soil depths), with only very limited information being available regarding these fluxes in the subsoils (below 20 cm soil depths), especially in managed forests. This limits deeper understanding of the relative contributions of different soil depths to GHG fluxes and global warming potential (GWP). Here, we used a concentration gradient-based method to comprehensively investigate the effects of thinning intensity (15% vs. 35%) and nutrient addition (no fertilizer vs. NPK fertilizers) on soil GHG fluxes from the 0-40 cm soil layers at 10 cm depth intervals in a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation. Results showed that forest soils were the sources of CO2 and N2O, but the sinks of CH4. Soil GHG fluxes decreased with increasing soil depth, with the 0-20 cm soil layers identified as the dominant producers of CO2 and N2O and consumers of CH4. Thinning intensity did not significantly affect soil GHG fluxes. However, fertilization significantly increased CO2 and N2O emissions and CH4 uptake at 0-20 cm soil layers, but decreased them at 20-40 cm soil layers. This is because fertilization alleviated microbial N limitation and decreased water filled pore space (WFPS) in topsoils, while it increased WFPS in subsoils, ultimately suggesting that soil WFPS and N availability (especially NH4+-N) were the predominant regulators of GHG fluxes along soil profiles. Generally, there were positive interactive effects of thinning and fertilization on soil GHG fluxes. Moreover, the 35% thinning intensity without fertilization had the lowest GWP among all treatments. Overall, our results suggest that fertilization may not only cause depth-dependent effects on GHG fluxes within soil profiles, but also impede efforts to mitigate climate change by promoting GHG emissions in managed forest plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Qiu
- College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chi Ding
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Abubakari Said Mgelwa
- College of Natural Resources Management & Tourism, Mwalimu Julius K. Nyerere University of Agriculture & Technology, P.O. Box 976, Musoma, Tanzania; CAS Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Jiguang Feng
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, And Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mei Lei
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Ziying Gan
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Biao Zhu
- Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, And Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Ya-Lin Hu
- College of Juncao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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Zhang P, Zhang Z, Liu X, Fan T, Wang D. Effect of mulching and biochar addition on the distribution and emission characteristics of N 2O from furrow-ridge tillage soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118584. [PMID: 37423187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Mulching and biochar are increasingly used individually in agriculture, but little is known about their combined effects on N2O distribution and dispersion in ridge and furrow profiles. We conducted a 2-year field experiment in northern China to determine soil N2O concentrations using the in situ gas well technique and calculate N2O fluxes from ridge and furrow profiles by the concentration gradient method. The results showed that mulch and biochar increased soil temperature and moisture and altered the mineral nitrogen status, leading to a decrease in the relative abundance of nitrification genes in the furrow area and an increase in the relative abundance of denitrification genes, with denitrification remaining as the main source of N2O production. N2O concentrations in the soil profile increased significantly after fertiliser application, and N2O concentrations in the ridge area of the mulch treatment were much higher than those in the furrow area, where vertical and horizontal diffusion occurred. Biochar addition was effective in reducing N2O concentrations but had no effect on the N2O distribution and diffusion pattern. Soil temperature and moisture, but not soil mineral nitrogen, explained the variation in soil N2O fluxes during the non-fertiliser application period. Compared to furrow-ridge planting (RF), furrow-ridge mulch planting (RFFM), furrow-ridge planting with biochar (RBRF) and furrow-ridge mulch planting with biochar (RFRB) resulted in 9.2%, 11.8% and 20.8% increases in yield per unit area and 1.9%, 26.3% and 27.4% decreases in N2O fluxes per unit of yield, respectively. The interaction between mulching and biochar significantly affected the N2O fluxes per unit of yield. Biochar costs aside, RFRB is very promising for increasing alfalfa yields and reducing N2O fluxes per unit of yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of State, Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zezhou Zhang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of State, Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of State, Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tongtong Fan
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of State, Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Key Laboratory of State, Forestry Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Wei H, Song X, Liu Y, Wang R, Zheng X, Butterbach-Bahl K, Venterea RT, Wu D, Ju X. In situ 15 N-N 2 O site preference and O 2 concentration dynamics disclose the complexity of N 2 O production processes in agricultural soil. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:4910-4923. [PMID: 37183810 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Arable soil continues to be the dominant anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (N2 O) emissions owing to application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers and manures across the world. Using laboratory and in situ studies to elucidate the key factors controlling soil N2 O emissions remains challenging due to the potential importance of multiple complex processes. We examined soil surface N2 O fluxes in an arable soil, combined with in situ high-frequency measurements of soil matrix oxygen (O2 ) and N2 O concentrations, in situ 15 N labeling, and N2 O 15 N site preference (SP). The in situ O2 concentration and further microcosm visualized spatiotemporal distribution of O2 both suggested that O2 dynamics were the proximal determining factor to matrix N2 O concentration and fluxes due to quick O2 depletion after N fertilization. Further SP analysis and in situ 15 N labeling experiment revealed that the main source for N2 O emissions was bacterial denitrification during the hot-wet summer with lower soil O2 concentration, while nitrification or fungal denitrification contributed about 50.0% to total emissions during the cold-dry winter with higher soil O2 concentration. The robust positive correlation between O2 concentration and SP values underpinned that the O2 dynamics were the key factor to differentiate the composite processes of N2 O production in in situ structured soil. Our findings deciphered the complexity of N2 O production processes in real field conditions, and suggest that O2 dynamics rather than stimulation of functional gene abundances play a key role in controlling soil N2 O production processes in undisturbed structure soils. Our results help to develop targeted N2 O mitigation measures and to improve process models for constraining global N2 O budget.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Wei
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xunhua Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Klaus Butterbach-Bahl
- Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany
- Pioneer Center Land-CRAFT, Agroecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rodney T Venterea
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil and Water Management Research Unit, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
| | - Di Wu
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaotang Ju
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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Wang X, Wang S, Zang H, Nie J, Zhao J, Wang P, Peixoto L, Yang Y, Olesen JE, Zeng Z. Replacing chemical fertilizer with manure reduces N 2O emissions in winter wheat - summer maize cropping system under limited irrigation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 336:117677. [PMID: 36913855 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agroecosystems are a major contributor to global warming and stratospheric ozone depletion. However, knowledge concerning the hotspots and hot moments of soil N2O emissions with manure application and irrigation, as well as the underlying mechanisms remain incomplete. Here, a 3-year field experiment was conducted with the combination of fertilization (no fertilizer, F0; 100% chemical fertilizer N, Fc; 50% chemical N + 50% manure N, Fc + m; and 100% manure N, Fm) and irrigation (with irrigation, W1; and without irrigation, W0; at wheat jointing stage) for winter wheat - summer maize cropping system in the North China Plain. Results showed that irrigation did not affect annual N2O emissions of the wheat-maize system. Manure application (Fc + m and Fm) reduced annual N2O emissions by 25-51% compared with Fc, which mainly occurred during 2 weeks after fertilization combined with irrigation (or heavy rainfall). In particular, Fc + m reduced the cumulative N2O emissions during 2 weeks after winter wheat sowing and summer maize top dressing by 0.28 and 0.11 kg ha-1, respectively, compared with Fc. Meanwhile, Fm maintained the grain N yield and Fc + m increased grain N yield by 8% compared with Fc under W1. Overall, Fm maintained the annual grain N yield and lower N2O emissions compared to Fc under W0, and Fc + m increased the annual grain N yield and maintained N2O emissions compared with Fc under W1, respectively. Our results provide scientific support for using manure to minimize N2O emissions while maintaining crop N yield under optimal irrigation to support the green transition in agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiquan Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 10010, China
| | - Shang Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Soil and Plant Microbiome, Institute of Phytopathology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, 24118, Germany
| | - Huadong Zang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiangwen Nie
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peixin Wang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Leanne Peixoto
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Yadong Yang
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jørgen Eivind Olesen
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Blichers Allé 20, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Zhaohai Zeng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology / Key Laboratory of Farming System of Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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5
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Huo P, Liu Y, Xu C, Zhang X, Jia H, Gao P. Characteristics of dissolved N 2O and indirect N 2O emission factor in the groundwater of high nitrate leaching areas in northwest China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 868:161641. [PMID: 36649766 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated high concentrations of dissolved N2O and indirect N2O emission factors in groundwater affected by agriculture. However, the characteristics of seasonal and vertical dimensional difference in groundwater in high nitrate leaching areas are relatively lacking. We monitored the concentrations of dissolved and wellhead N2O of 23 groundwater wells over a one year period to understand the seasonal characteristics of dissolved and wellhead N2O concentrations and indirect N2O emission factors (EF5) of the shallow and deep groundwater in a high nitrogen leaching area and analyze the reasons for their differences. The mean dissolved N2O concentration in groundwater was 9.71 (9.03) μg/L, which was 1.5-fold higher during the wet season relative to the dry season. Furthermore, the leaching of soil N2O caused by rainfall and irrigation could be a pivotal factor affecting seasonal variation in the dissolved N2O. Shallow wells were found to have higher dissolved and wellhead N2O concentrations compared with deep wells in all seasons. The low wellhead N2O concentrations during the dry season were attributed to the seasonal decrease of the groundwater table and dissolved N2O concentrations. We concluded that indirect N2O emission factors did not vary in the vertical dimension but were higher during the wet season than that during the dry season. In addition, the mean indirect N2O emission factor in the groundwater was 0.025 %, which was one order of magnitude below the current IPCC value (0.25 %). Thus, we proposed that such a low indirect N2O emissions factor could imply a low indirect N2O emission potential in groundwater with high dissolved oxygen and nitrogen loads. Our study further indicated that seasonal differences in dissolved N2O concentrations and indirect N2O emission factors should be considered when estimating the potential emissions of dissolved N2O in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Huo
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yike Liu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chunyan Xu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Haoxin Jia
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Pengcheng Gao
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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6
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Qin Y, Wang S, Wang X, Liu C, Zhu G. Contribution of Ammonium-Induced Nitrifier Denitrification to N 2O in Paddy Fields. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:2970-2980. [PMID: 36719089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Paddy fields are one of the most important sources of nitrous oxide (N2O), but biogeochemical N2O production mechanisms in the soil profile remain unclear. Our study used incubation, dual-isotope (15N-18O) labeling methods, and molecular techniques to elucidate N2O production characteristics and mechanisms in the soil profile (0-60 cm) during summer fallow, rice cropping, and winter fallow periods. The results pointed out that biotic processes dominated N2O production (72.2-100%) and N2O from the tillage layer accounted for 91.0-98.5% of total N2O in the soil profile. Heterotrophic denitrification (HD) was the main process generating N2O, contributing between 53.4 and 96.6%, the remainder being due to ammonia oxidation pathways, which was further confirmed by metagenomics and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assays. Nitrifier denitrification (ND) was an important N2O production source, contributing 0-46.6% of total N2O production, which showed similar trends with N2O emissions. Among physicochemical and biological factors, ammonium content and the ratio of total organic matter to nitrate were the main driving factors affecting the contribution ratios of the ammonia oxidation pathways and HD pathway, respectively. Moisture content and pH affect norC-carrying Spirochetes and thus the N2O production rate. These findings confirm the importance of ND to N2O production and help to elucidate the impact of anthropogenic activities, including tillage, fertilization, and irrigation, on N2O production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shanyun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guibing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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7
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Asibi AE, Yin W, Hu F, Fan Z, Gou Z, Yang H, Guo Y, Chai Q. Optimized nitrogen rate, plant density, and irrigation level reduced ammonia emission and nitrate leaching on maize farmland in the oasis area of China. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12762. [PMID: 35111400 PMCID: PMC8783566 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen fertilizers play a key role in crop production to meet global food demand. Inappropriate application of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with poor irrigation and other crop management practices threaten agriculture and environmental sustainability. Over application of nitrogen fertilizer increases nitrogen gas emission and nitrate leaching. A field experiment was conducted in China's oasis irrigation area in 2018 and 2019 to determine which nitrogen rate, plant density, and irrigation level in sole maize (Zea mays L.) cropping system reduce ammonia emission and nitrate leaching. Three nitrogen rates of urea (46-0-0 of N-P2O5-K2O), at (N0 = 0 kg N ha-1, N1 = 270 kg N ha-1, and N2 = 360 kg N ha-1) were combined with three plant densities (D1 = 75,000 plants/ha-1, D2 = 97,500 plants/ha-1, and D3 = 120,000 plants/ha-1) with two irrigation levels (W1 = 5,250 m3/hm2 and W2 = 4,740 m3/hm2) using a randomized complete block design. The results showed that, both the main and interaction effects of nitrogen rate, plant density, and irrigation level reduced nitrate leaching (p < 0.05). In addition, irrigation level × nitrogen rate significantly (p < 0.05) reduced ammonia emission. Nitrate leaching and ammonia emission decreased with higher irrigation level and higher plant density. However, high nitrogen rates increased both nitrate leaching and ammonia emission. The study found lowest leaching (0.35 mg kg-1) occurring at the interaction of 270 kg N ha-1 × 120,000 plants/ha-1 × 4,740 m3/hm2, and higher plant density of 120,000 plants/ha-1 combined with 0 kg N ha-1 and irrigation level of 5,250 m3/hm2 recorded the lowest ammonia emission (0.001 kg N)-1. Overall, ammonia emission increased as days after planting increased while nitrate leaching decreased in deeper soil depths. These findings show that, though the contributory roles of days after planting, soil depth, amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied and year of cultivation cannot be undermined, it is possible to reduce nitrate leaching and ammonia emission through optimized nitrogen rate, plant density and regulated irrigation for agricultural and environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziiba Emmanuel Asibi
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research–Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Bawku, Ghana
| | - Wen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Falong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhilong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhiwen Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Aridland Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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8
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Li Y, Gao X, Tenuta M, Gui D, Li X, Zeng F. Linking soil profile N 2O concentration with surface flux in a cotton field under drip fertigation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117458. [PMID: 34098458 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
It remains unclear how the source and rate of nitrogen (N) fertilizers affect N2O concentration and effluxes along the soil profile under the drip-fertigated agricultural system. A plot-based field study was performed in 2017 and 2018 in a cotton field in arid northwestern China, with an objective to elucidate the impact of the applications of conventional urea (Urea), polymer-coated urea (ESN) and stabilized urea (SuperU) at rates of 120 and 240 kg N ha-1 on concentration and efflux of N2O in the soil profile and its relationship with N2O surface emissions. The in-situ N2O concentrations at soil depths of 5, 15, 30 and 60 cm were measured and used to estimate soil profile N2O effluxes. Estimates of surface N2O flux using the concentration gradient-based (GM) were compared with those measured using the chamber-based (CM) method. In both years, soil N2O concentrations at all depths increased in response to basal N application at planting or in-season fertigation events. However, N rate or source did not affect soil N2O concentrations or effluxes at each depth. Surface emissions of N2O were mostly associated with that presented in the top layer of 0-15 cm. Surface N2O efflux determined by GM was poorly or not associated with those of chamber measurements, which was attributed to the low N2O production restricted by soil moisture condition under the drip-fertigated condition. These results highlight the challenge of applying the enhanced efficiency N fertilizer products in the drip-fertigated agricultural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Department of Soil Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, & Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaopeng Gao
- Department of Soil Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Mario Tenuta
- Department of Soil Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Dongwei Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, & Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, & Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fanjiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, & Cele National Station of Observation and Research for Desert-Grassland Ecosystem, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cele, 848300, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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9
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Timilsina A, Dong W, Luo J, Lindsey S, Wang Y, Hu C. Nitrogen isotopic signatures and fluxes of N 2O in response to land-use change on naturally occurring saline-alkaline soil. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21253. [PMID: 33277591 PMCID: PMC7718238 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78149-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The conversion of natural grassland to semi-natural or artificial ecosystems is a large-scale land-use change (LUC) commonly occurring to saline–alkaline land. Conversion of natural to artificial ecosystems, with addition of anthropogenic nitrogen (N) fertilizer, influences N availability in the soil that may result in higher N2O emission along with depletion of 15N, while converting from natural to semi-natural the influence may be small. So, this study assesses the impact of LUC on N2O emission and 15N in N2O emitted from naturally occurring saline–alkaline soil when changing from natural grassland (Phragmites australis) to semi-natural [Tamarix chinensis (Tamarix)] and to cropland (Gossypium spp.). The grassland and Tamarix ecosystems were not subject to any management practice, while the cropland received fertilizer and irrigation. Overall, median N2O flux was significantly different among the ecosystems with the highest from the cropland (25.3 N2O-N µg m−2 h−1), intermediate (8.2 N2O-N µg m−2 h−1) from the Tamarix and the lowest (4.0 N2O-N µg m−2 h−1) from the grassland ecosystem. The 15N isotopic signatures in N2O emitted from the soil were also significantly affected by the LUC with more depleted from cropland (− 25.3 ‰) and less depleted from grassland (− 0.18 ‰). Our results suggested that the conversion of native saline–alkaline grassland with low N to Tamarix or cropland is likely to result in increased soil N2O emission and also contributes significantly to the depletion of the 15N in atmospheric N2O, and the contribution of anthropogenic N addition was found more significant than any other processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbindra Timilsina
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Wenxu Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Jiafa Luo
- Land and Environment, AgResearch, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Stuart Lindsey
- Land and Environment, AgResearch, Hamilton, 3240, New Zealand
| | - Yuying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Chunsheng Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Li Z, Zhang R, Xia S, Wang L, Liu C, Zhang R, Fan Z, Chen F, Liu Y. Interactions between N, P and K fertilizers affect the environment and the yield and quality of satsumas. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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11
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Effects of conventional moldboard and reduced tillage on seasonal variations of direct CO2 and N2O emissions from a loam Haplic Luvisol. Biologia (Bratisl) 2019. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-019-00216-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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12
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Qiu L, Hao M, Wu Y. Potential impacts of climate change on carbon dynamics in a rain-fed agro-ecosystem on the Loess Plateau of China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 577:267-278. [PMID: 27829504 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Revised: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have been conducted on crop yield in rain-fed agriculture, the possible impacts of climate change on the carbon (C) dynamics of rain-fed rotation systems, particularly their direction and magnitude at the long-term scale, are still poorly understood. In this study, the sensitivity of C dynamics of a typical rotation system to elevated CO2 and changed temperature and precipitation were first tested using the CENTURY model, based on data collected from a 30-year field experiment of a corn-wheat-wheat-millet (CWWM) rotation system in the tableland of the Loess Plateau. The possible responses of crop biomass C and soil organic C (SOC) accumulation were then evaluated under scenarios representing the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 4.5 and 8.5. The results indicated that elevated CO2 and increased precipitation exerted positive effect on biomass C in CWWM rotation system, while increasing the temperature by 1°C, 2°C and 4°C had negative effects on biomass C due to opposite responses of corn and winter wheat to warming. SOC accumulation was enhanced by increased CO2 concentration and precipitation but impaired by increased temperature. Under future RCP scenarios with dynamic CO2, the biomass C of corn exhibited decrease during the period of 2046-2075 under RCP4.5 and the period of 2016-2075 under RCP8.5 due to reduced precipitation and a warmer climate. In contrast, winter wheat would benefit from increased CO2 and temperature and was projected to have larger biomass C under both RCP scenarios. Although the climate condition had large differences between RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, the projected SOC had similar trends under two scenarios due to CO2 fertilizer effect and precipitation fluctuation. These results implied that crop biomass C and SOC accumulation in a warmer environment are strongly related to precipitation, and increase in field water storage should be emphasized in coping with future climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjing Qiu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Mingde Hao
- Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yiping Wu
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710049, China.
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Assessment of the Spatial and Temporal Variations of Water Quality for Agricultural Lands with Crop Rotation in China by Using a HYPE Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13030336. [PMID: 26999184 PMCID: PMC4808999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13030336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many water quality models have been successfully used worldwide to predict nutrient losses from anthropogenically impacted catchments, but hydrological and nutrient simulations with limited data are difficult considering the transfer of model parameters and complication of model calibration and validation. This study aims: (i) to assess the performance capabilities of a new and relatively more advantageous model, namely, Hydrological Predictions for the Environment (HYPE), that simulates stream flow and nutrient load in agricultural areas by using a multi-site and multi-objective parameter calibration method and (ii) to investigate the temporal and spatial variations of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorous (TP) concentrations and loads with crop rotation by using the model for the first time. A parameter estimation tool (PEST) was used to calibrate parameters. Results show that the parameters related to the effective soil porosity were highly sensitive to hydrological modeling. N balance was largely controlled by soil denitrification processes. P balance was influenced by the sedimentation rate and production/decay of P in rivers and lakes. The model reproduced the temporal and spatial variations of discharge and TN/TP relatively well in both calibration (2006–2008) and validation (2009–2010) periods. Among the obtained data, the lowest Nash-Suttclife efficiency of discharge, daily TN load, and daily TP load were 0.74, 0.51, and 0.54, respectively. The seasonal variations of daily TN concentrations in the entire simulation period were insufficient, indicated that crop rotation changed the timing and amount of N output. Monthly TN and TP simulation yields revealed that nutrient outputs were abundant in summer in terms of the corresponding discharge. The area-weighted TN and TP load annual yields in five years showed that nutrient loads were extremely high along Hong and Ru rivers, especially in agricultural lands.
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