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Ferro P, Farfan-Solis R, Blanco-Shocosh D, Ferró-Gonzáles AL, Ferro-Gonzales PF. Determination of inorganic chemical parameters in drinking water in districts of the province of Puno in the region Puno-Peru. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15624. [PMID: 37139296 PMCID: PMC10149402 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The inorganic chemical parameters in drinking water that include heavy metals are substances that exist in nature very widespread, nevertheless toxic metals such as lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury, are very harmful to human health and to all forms of life, these toxic metals are silents contaminants. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the presence of inorganic chemical parameters in the drinking water from districts of the province of Puno. The results were compared based on the parametric test T-student and the non-parametric tests Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Finding the highest values (mg/L) in districts as Capachica Ba (0.8458) and Pb (0.5255), Mañazo Al (3.08) and Pb (0.0185), San Antonio de Esquilache Fe (0.49) and Pb (0.9513), Vilque As (0.0193) and Pb (15.34), and Pichacani As (0.0193) and Pb (0.0215), as it is observed the samples do not comply with the regulation of the quality of drinking water in Peru, making it unsuitable for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pompeyo Ferro
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Aplicadas de la Universidad Nacional Intercultural Fabiola Salazar Leguía de Bagua, Jr. Ancash 520, Bagua, 01721, Amazonas, Peru
| | - Rosa Farfan-Solis
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Floral No 1153, Puno, 21001, Peru
| | - Darwin Blanco-Shocosh
- Ministerio de Salud, Dirección Regional de Salud, Red de Salud Puno. Av. El Sol No 1122, Puno, 21001, Peru
| | - Ana Lucia Ferró-Gonzáles
- Departamento de Gestión y Ciencias Sociales, Universidad Nacional de Juliaca, Av. Nueva Zelandia 631, Juliaca, 21101, Puno, Peru
| | - Polan Franbalt Ferro-Gonzales
- Departamento Académico de la Facultad de Ingeniería Económica, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Av. Floral No 1153, Puno, 21001, Peru
- Corresponding author.
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2
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Romero-Estévez D, Yánez-Jácome GS, Navarrete H. Non-essential metal contamination in Ecuadorian agricultural production: A critical review. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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3
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Rokonuzzaman MD, Ye Z, Wu C, Li W. Arsenic accumulation in rice: Alternative irrigation regimes produce rice safe from arsenic contamination. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119829. [PMID: 35917836 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The natural occurrence of arsenic (As) in groundwater & soils and its bioaccumulation in rice grains is a major health concern worldwide. To combat the problem, best combination of irrigation management and suitable rice variety altering As content in grains must be ensured. With this aim, a field trial was conducted with two rice varieties and water management including alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF) irrigation regimes with As contaminated groundwater (AsW) and temporarily stored groundwater (TSG) and river water for only CF (as control). Results revealed that As content in different portions of paddy plant was significantly different (P < 0.001) with irrigation practices and rice varieties. AWD irrigation with TSG accumulated lower As in rice grains compared with CF-AsW for both varieties. Data showed that AWD-TSG practice led to 61.37% and 60.34% grain As reduction for BRRI dhan28 and BRRI dhan29, respectively, compared with CF-AsW. For Principle Component Analysis (PCA), first principle component (PC1) explained 91.7% of the variability and irrigation water As, soil total and available As, straw As, root As and husk As were the dominating parameters. With significant (P < 0.05) variation in yields between the genotypes, AWD increased grain yield by 29.25% in BRRI dhan29 Compared with CF. However, translocation factor (TF) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) for both varieties were less than one for all the treatments. The addition of this study to our knowledge base is that, AWD-TSG with BRRI dhan29 can be an As-safe practice without compromising yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Rokonuzzaman
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China
| | - Zh Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - C Wu
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Wc Li
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
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4
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Rokonuzzaman MD, Li WC, Wu C, Ye ZH. Human health impact due to arsenic contaminated rice and vegetables consumption in naturally arsenic endemic regions. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 308:119712. [PMID: 35798190 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rice and vegetables cultivated in naturally arsenic (As) endemic areas are the substantial source of As body loading for persons using safe drinking water. However, tracing As intake, particularly from rice and vegetables by biomarker analysis, has been poorly addressed. This field investigation was conducted to trace the As transfer pathway and measure health risk associated with consuming As enriched rice and vegetables. Purposively selected 100 farmers from five sub-districts of Chandpur, Bangladesh fulfilling specific requirements constituted the subjects of this study. A total of 100 Irrigation water, soils, rice, and vegetable samples were collected from those farmers' who donated scalp hair. Socio-demographic and food consumption data were collected face to face through questionnaire administration. The mean As level in irrigation water, soils, rice, vegetables, and scalp hairs exceeded the acceptable limit, while As content was significant at 0.1%, 5%, 0.1%, 1%, and 0.1% probability levels, respectively, in all five locations. Arsenic in scalp hair is significantly (p ≤ 0.01) correlated with that in rice and vegetables. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) for rice and vegetables is less than one and significant at a 1% probability level. The average daily intake (ADI) is higher than the RfD limit for As. Both grains and vegetables have an HQ (hazard quotient) > 1. Maximum incremental lifetime cancer risk (ILCR) showed 2.8 per 100 people and 1.6 per 1000 people are at considerable and threshold risk, respectively. However, proteinaceous and nutritious food consumption might have kept the participants asymptomatic. The PCA analysis showed that the first principle component (PC1) explains 91.1% of the total variance dominated by As in irrigation water, grain, and vegetables. The dendrogram shows greater variations in similarity in rice and vegetables As, while the latter has been found to contribute more to human body loading compared to grain As.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Rokonuzzaman
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 999077, PR China
| | - W C Li
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 999077, PR China.
| | - C Wu
- Department of Science and Environmental Studies, The Education University of Hong Kong, Tai Po, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, 999077, PR China; School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, PR China
| | - Z H Ye
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
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5
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González-Moscoso M, Juárez-Maldonado A, Cadenas-Pliego G, Meza-Figueroa D, SenGupta B, Martínez-Villegas N. Silicon nanoparticles decrease arsenic translocation and mitigate phytotoxicity in tomato plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:34147-34163. [PMID: 35034295 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-17665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we simulate the irrigation of tomato plants with arsenic (As)-contaminated water (from 0 to 3.2 mg L-1) and investigate the effect of the application of silicon nanoparticle (Si NPs) in the form of silicon dioxide (0, 250, and 1000 mg L-1) on As uptake and stress. Arsenic concentrations were determined in substrate and plant tissue at three different stratums. Phytotoxicity, As accumulation and translocation, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds were also determined. Our results show that irrigation of tomato plants with As-contaminated water caused As substrate enrichment and As bioaccumulation (roots > leaves > steam), showing that the higher the concentration in irrigation water, the farther As translocated through the different tomato stratums. Additionally, phytotoxicity was observed at low concentrations of As, while tomato yield increased at high concentrations of As. We found that application of Si NPs decreased As translocation, tomato yield, and root biomass. Increased production of photosynthetic pigments and improved enzymatic activity (CAT and APX) suggested tomato plant adaptation at high As concentrations in the presence of Si NPs. Our results reveal likely impacts of As and nanoparticles on tomato production in places where As in groundwater is common and might represent a risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magín González-Moscoso
- Doctorado en Agricultura Protegida, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, Buenavista, 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Calzada Antonio Narro 1923, 25315, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Gregorio Cadenas-Pliego
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Enrique Reyna H 140, 25294, Saltillo, Coahuila, México
| | - Diana Meza-Figueroa
- Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas J, Calle Av. Rosales &, Centro, 83000, Hermosillo, Sonora, México
| | - Bhaskar SenGupta
- School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure & Society, Water Academy, Heriot-Watt University, EGIS 2.02A William Arrol Building, Scotland, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Nadia Martínez-Villegas
- IPICyT, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica Y Tecnológica, Camino a La Presa San José No. 2055, Col. Lomas 4a Sec., 78216, San Luis Potosí, SLP, México.
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6
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Roel A, Campos F, Verger M, Huertas R, Carracelas G. Regional variability of arsenic content in Uruguayan polished rice. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 288:132426. [PMID: 34606901 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of the country internal variability of arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grain across different rice production regions is very important in order to analyze its compliance with international and regional limits. A robust sampling study scheme (n = 150 samples) was performed to determine total arsenic (tAs) and inorganic (iAs) levels from polished rice grain covering all rice producing regions along two growing seasons. The mean and median concentration of tAs were 0.178 mg kg-1 and 0.147 mg kg-1, with a minimum and maximum value of 0.015 mg kg-1 and 0.629 mg kg-1, respectively and a coefficient of variation of 63.6%. The mean and median concentration of iAs were 0.062 mg kg-1 and 0.055 mg kg-1 respectively ranging from 0.005 mg kg-1 up to a maximum of 0.195 mg kg-1 and a coefficient of variation of 51.5%. A moderate correlation was revealed within iAs and tAs. Levels of iAs in all of the samples were below the international limits of 0.2 mg kg-1 according to the international limits for human health by the Codex Alimentarius (FAO and WHO, 2019). Rice fields cultivated on soils originated from igneous geological material reported lower arsenic levels accumulated in rice grain in relation to sedimentary soils. Japonica cultivars presented significantly lower tAs and iAs concentrations than Indica ones (p = 0.0121 and p < 0.0001; respectively). Consumption of rice by male and female adults in Uruguay is safe according to its level of annual consumption and based on the mean iAs levels determined in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Roel
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay.
| | - F Campos
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay
| | - M Verger
- Technological Laboratory of Uruguay LATU, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - R Huertas
- Technological Laboratory of Uruguay LATU, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - G Carracelas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA), Uruguay
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7
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Yao BM, Wang SQ, Xie ST, Li G, Sun GX. Optimal soil Eh, pH for simultaneous decrease of bioavailable Cd, As in co-contaminated paddy soil under water management strategies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151342. [PMID: 34728204 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The co-contamination with cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in the paddy soil is the most seriously combined pollution of toxic elements in China, and it is rather difficult to decrease bioavailable Cd and As levels in soil because of the opposite ionic forms of bioavailable Cd (cation) and As (anion). This study explored the optimal conditions of Eh and pH in different soils for simultaneous decrease of Cd and As bioavailabilities in the soil-rice system through soil culture and rice pot experiments under water management strategies. The results showed that near neutral soil pH (7.0) were eventually observed under long-term flooding conditions. Under unflooded conditions, soil pH is the dominant factor influencing bioavailabilities of Cd and As, while under flooded conditions, Eh becomes the most important factor. Pot experiments showed that flooding significantly reduced the Cd concentration in rice grains from 54.5% to 95.5%, but concomitantly increased rice As concentration substantially (214%-302%). By evaluating the trade-off value between the bioavailabilities of Cd and As in the soil, the minimal trade-off value was obtained when the soil Eh was -130 mV and the pH was 6.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Min Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shu-Qing Wang
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Ningbo Research Center for Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Shu-Ting Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Ningbo Research Center for Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315800, China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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8
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Moulick D, Samanta S, Sarkar S, Mukherjee A, Pattnaik BK, Saha S, Awasthi JP, Bhowmick S, Ghosh D, Samal AC, Mahanta S, Mazumder MK, Choudhury S, Bramhachari K, Biswas JK, Santra SC. Arsenic contamination, impact and mitigation strategies in rice agro-environment: An inclusive insight. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149477. [PMID: 34426348 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contamination and its adverse consequences on rice agroecosystem are well known. Rice has the credit to feed more than 50% of the world population but concurrently, rice accumulates a substantial amount of As, thereby compromising food security. The gravity of the situation lays in the fact that the population in theAs uncontaminated areas may be accidentally exposed to toxic levels of As from rice consumption. In this review, we are trying to summarize the documents on the impact of As contamination and phytotoxicity in past two decades. The unique feature of this attempt is wide spectrum coverages of topics, and that makes it truly an interdisciplinary review. Aprat from the behaviour of As in rice field soil, we have documented the cellular and molecular response of rice plant upon exposure to As. The potential of various mitigation strategies with particular emphasis on using biochar, seed priming technology, irrigation management, transgenic variety development and other agronomic methods have been critically explored. The review attempts to give a comprehensive and multidiciplinary insight into the behaviour of As in Paddy -Water - Soil - Plate prospective from molecular to post-harvest phase. From the comprehensive literature review, we may conclude that considerable emphasis on rice grain, nutritional and anti-nutritional components, and grain quality traits under arsenic stress condition is yet to be given. Besides these, some emerging mitigation options like seed priming technology, adoption of nanotechnological strategies, applications of biochar should be fortified in large scale without interfering with the proper use of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debojyoti Moulick
- Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam University, Silchar 788 011, India.
| | - Suman Samanta
- Division of Agricultural Physics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India.
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arkabanee Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Dr Homi Bhabha Rd, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, India.
| | - Binaya Kumar Pattnaik
- Symbiosis Institute of Geoinformatics, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Saikat Saha
- Nadia Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Gayeshpur, Nadia 741234, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jay Prakash Awasthi
- Department of Botany, Government College Lamta, Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh 481551, India.
| | - Subhamoy Bhowmick
- Kolkata Zonal Center, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Kolkata, West Bengal 700107, India.
| | - Dibakar Ghosh
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Institute of Water Management, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India.
| | - Alok Chandra Samal
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subrata Mahanta
- Department of Chemistry, NIT Jamshedpur, Adityapur, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand 831014, India.
| | | | - Shuvasish Choudhury
- Plant Stress Biology and Metabolomics Laboratory Central Instrumentation Laboratory (CIL), Assam University, Silchar 788 011, India.
| | - Koushik Bramhachari
- Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia 741252, West Bengal, India.
| | - Jayanta Kumar Biswas
- Department of Ecological Studies and International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subhas Chandra Santra
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal, India.
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De Cock A, De Troyer N, Eurie MAF, Garcia Arevalo I, Van Echelpoel W, Jacxsens L, Luca S, Du Laing G, Tack F, Dominguez Granda L, Goethals PLM. From Mangrove to Fork: Metal Presence in the Guayas Estuary (Ecuador) and Commercial Mangrove Crabs. Foods 2021; 10:foods10081880. [PMID: 34441657 PMCID: PMC8393220 DOI: 10.3390/foods10081880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mangrove wetlands provide essential ecosystem services such as coastal protection and fisheries. Metal pollution due to industrial and agricultural activities represents an issue of growing concern for the Guayas River Basin and related mangroves in Ecuador. Fisheries and the related human consumption of mangrove crabs are in need of scientific support. In order to protect human health and aid river management, we analyzed several elements in the Guayas Estuary. Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, As, Pb, Cd, and Hg accumulation were assessed in different compartments of the commercial red mangrove crab Ucides occidentalis (hepatopancreas, carapax, and white meat) and the environment (sediment, leaves, and water), sampled at fifteen sites over five stations. Consistent spatial distribution of metals in the Guayas estuary was found. Nickel levels in the sediment warn for ecological caution. The presence of As in the crabs generated potential concerns on the consumers' health, and a maximum intake of eight crabs per month for adults is advised. The research outcomes are of global importance for at least nine Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The results presented can support raising awareness about the ongoing contamination of food and their related ecosystems and the corresponding consequences for environmental and human health worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrée De Cock
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.D.T.); (M.A.F.E.); (I.G.A.); (W.V.E.); (P.L.M.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-92649001
| | - Niels De Troyer
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.D.T.); (M.A.F.E.); (I.G.A.); (W.V.E.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Marie Anne Forio Eurie
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.D.T.); (M.A.F.E.); (I.G.A.); (W.V.E.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Isabel Garcia Arevalo
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.D.T.); (M.A.F.E.); (I.G.A.); (W.V.E.); (P.L.M.G.)
- Laboratoire de Biogéochimie des Contaminants Métalliques, Ifremer, Centre Atlantique, CEDEX 3, 44311 Nantes, France
| | - Wout Van Echelpoel
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.D.T.); (M.A.F.E.); (I.G.A.); (W.V.E.); (P.L.M.G.)
| | - Liesbeth Jacxsens
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Stijn Luca
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium;
| | - Gijs Du Laing
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.D.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Filip Tack
- Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (G.D.L.); (F.T.)
| | - Luis Dominguez Granda
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo, 090112 Guayaquil, Ecuador;
| | - Peter L. M. Goethals
- Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; (N.D.T.); (M.A.F.E.); (I.G.A.); (W.V.E.); (P.L.M.G.)
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10
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Bundschuh J, Schneider J, Alam MA, Niazi NK, Herath I, Parvez F, Tomaszewska B, Guilherme LRG, Maity JP, López DL, Cirelli AF, Pérez-Carrera A, Morales-Simfors N, Alarcón-Herrera MT, Baisch P, Mohan D, Mukherjee A. Seven potential sources of arsenic pollution in Latin America and their environmental and health impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146274. [PMID: 34030289 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review presents a holistic overview of the occurrence, mobilization, and pathways of arsenic (As) from predominantly geogenic sources into different near-surface environmental compartments, together with the respective reported or potential impacts on human health in Latin America. The main sources and pathways of As pollution in this region include: (i) volcanism and geothermalism: (a) volcanic rocks, fluids (e.g., gases) and ash, including large-scale transport of the latter through different mechanisms, (b) geothermal fluids and their exploitation; (ii) natural lixiviation and accelerated mobilization from (mostly sulfidic) metal ore deposits by mining and related activities; (iii) coal deposits and their exploitation; (iv) hydrocarbon reservoirs and co-produced water during exploitation; (v) solute and sediment transport through rivers to the sea; (vi) atmospheric As (dust and aerosol); and (vii) As exposure through geophagy and involuntary ingestion. The two most important and well-recognized sources and mechanisms for As release into the Latin American population's environments are: (i) volcanism and geothermalism, and (ii) strongly accelerated As release from geogenic sources by mining and related activities. Several new analyses from As-endemic areas of Latin America emphasize that As-related mortality and morbidity continue to rise even after decadal efforts towards lowering As exposure. Several public health regulatory institutions have classified As and its compounds as carcinogenic chemicals, as As uptake can affect several organ systems, viz. dermal, gastrointestinal, peptic, neurological, respiratory, reproductive, following exposure. Accordingly, ingesting large amounts of As can damage the stomach, kidneys, liver, heart, and nervous system; and, in severe cases, may cause death. Moreover, breathing air with high As levels can cause lung damage, shortness of breath, chest pain, and cough. Further, As compounds, being corrosive, can also cause skin lesions or damage eyes, and long-term exposure to As can lead to cancer development in several organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Bundschuh
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Jerusa Schneider
- Department of Geology and Natural Resources, Institute of Geosciences, University of Campinas, 13083-855 Campinas, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, João Rosa Góes St., 1761, Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, 79804-970, Brazil
| | - Mohammad Ayaz Alam
- Departamento de Geología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Atacama, Avenida Copayapu 485, Copiapó, Región de Atacama, Chile
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Indika Herath
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia
| | - Faruque Parvez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University, 60 Haven Ave, B-1, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Barbara Tomaszewska
- AGH University of Science and Technology, Mickiewicza 30 Av., 30-059 Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Jyoti Prakash Maity
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University, 168 University Road, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County 62102, Taiwan
| | - Dina L López
- Department of Geological Sciences, Ohio University, 316 Clippinger Laboratories, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Alicia Fernández Cirelli
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (UBA-CONICET), Centro de Estudios, Transdiciplinarios del Agua (UBA), Av. Chorroarín 280, CABA C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - Alejo Pérez-Carrera
- University of Buenos Aires, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Centro de Estudios Transdiciplinarios del Agua (UBA), Instituto de Investigaciones en Producción Animal (UBA-CONICET), Cátedra de Química Orgánica de Biomoléculas, Av. Chorroarín 280, CABA C1427CWO, Argentina
| | - Nury Morales-Simfors
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Division ICT-RISE SICS East, Linköping SE-581.83, Sweden
| | - Maria Teresa Alarcón-Herrera
- Departamento de Ingeniería Sustentable, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados SC Unidad Durango, C. CIMAV # 110, Ejido Arroyo Seco, Durango, Dgo., Mexico
| | - Paulo Baisch
- Laboratório de Oceanografia Geológica, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Campus Carreiros, CP 474, CEP 96203-900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil
| | - Dinesh Mohan
- UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba 4350, Queensland, Australia; School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India
| | - Abhijit Mukherjee
- Department of Geology and Geophysics, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302, India
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11
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Yao BM, Chen P, Zhang HM, Sun GX. A predictive model for arsenic accumulation in rice grains based on bioavailable arsenic and soil characteristics. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125131. [PMID: 33516100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) is a well-known human carcinogen, and rice consumption is the main way Chinese people are exposed to As. In this study, 14 kinds of paddy soils were collected from the main rice-producing areas in China. The results showed that rice roots and leaves accumulated more As than stems and grains in the following sequence: Asroot> Asleaf> Asstem> Asgrain. The accumulation of As by rice grains mainly depends on the total As and bioavailable As (0.43 mol/L HNO3 extractable As), which explained 32.2% and 22.2% of the variation in the grain As, respectively. In addition, soil pH, organic matter (OM) and clay contents were the major factors affecting grain As, explaining 13.1%, 7.9% and 5.3% of the variation, respectively. An effective prediction model was established via multiple linear regression as Asgrain= 0.024 BAs - 0.225 pH+ 0.013 OM+ 0.648 EC - 0.320 TN - 0.088 TP - 0.002 AS+ 2.157 (R2 =0.68, P < 0.01). Through the verification of the samples from both pot experiments and paddy fields, the model successfully provided accurate predictions for rice grain As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Min Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing 314016, China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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Majumder S, Banik P. Inhibition of arsenic transport from soil to rice grain with a sustained field-scale aerobic rice cultural practice. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 279:111620. [PMID: 33221047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A field-scale investigation has been carried out to assess the uptake of Arsenic (As) in rice under aerobic practice. Two consecutive field experiments have been designed considering the rice cultivation system's variation in the comparison between aerobic and flooded practices during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons using the cultivars of Swarna masuri and Satabdi, respectively. Notwithstanding the impact of the rice cultivation systems, the implications of amendments like iron, silicon, and organic matter were also taken into account on As uptake by rice. We hypothesized that the application of amendments in combination with sustained aerobic practice would reduce the subsequent accumulation of As in rice as compared to flooded practice (control). However, regardless of the cultivation systems, the grain productivity of rice delivered a non-significant impact. Results revealed that the plant available As content in soil under aerobic practice was averaged 22% and 26% lower than flooded, during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. Aerobic treatment significantly reduced accumulation of As in root and straw as compared to flooded (p < 0.05), which in accordance corresponded to lower translocation efficiency of As from root to straw. For Swarna masuri, the bioaccumulation of As in polished rice, husk and bran was reduced by 33%, 48% and 47%, respectively, under aerobic practice. On the contrary, Satabdi exhibited a reduction in As accumulation with 54% in polished rice, followed by 31% and 38% in husk and bran, respectively. The inhibition of As uptake in rice was notably impacted by iron, silicon, and organic matter. Following the treatments of rice cultivation system and amendment, the bioaccumulation of As in rice plant parts was arranged in the order of root > straw > grain > husk > bran > polished rice in both the cultivars. The health risk assessment was also considered to estimate the potential human health risk measuring the estimated dietary intake and the health hazard quotient. The results highlighted that the consumption of rice grown in aerobic practice was ensured to provide non-carcinogenic health risk as compared to rice grown in flooded practice. In the overall attempt, the present investigation corroborates the insinuation of specific management practices in quantifying the reduction of As bioavailability in rice with subject to the concern of reducing human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Majumder
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, 700108, India
| | - Pabitra Banik
- Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata, 700108, India.
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13
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Ruiz-Fernández J, Oliva M, Otero XL, García-Hernández C. Morphometric and sedimentological characteristics of Late Holocene earth hummocks in the Zackenberg Valley (NE Greenland). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:140281. [PMID: 32783859 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multi-approach characterization of three earth hummock fields has been conducted to understand the morphometrical characteristics and distribution pattern of these periglacial features in the Zackenberg Valley, NE Greenland. Earth hummocks develop in poorly-drained areas affected by intense cryogenic conditions. An accurate analysis of the morphometrical properties of hundreds of earth hummocks distributed between different Early Holocene moraine systems of the eastern slope of the Zackenberg Valley reveals an important control of microtopography on their distribution. Sedimentological analysis of selected earth hummocks shows evidence of alternating organic-rich layers and mineral units. Radiocarbon dates of the basal organic layers in contact with the permafrost table yielded ages 615 ± 25 and 1755 ± 60 cal yr BP, with lower sedimentation rates over the last centuries when soil formation prevailed. Geochemical analysis of the soils (Glacic Reductaquic Cryosols) showed also significant differences in the properties and composition among the soils of the different fields of hummocks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marc Oliva
- Department of Geography, Universitat de Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xosé Luis Otero
- CRETUS Institute, Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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14
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Otero XL, Atiaga O, Estrella R, Tierra W, Ruales J, Zayas L, Souza V, Ferreira TO, Nóbrega GN, Oliveira DP, Queiroz HM, Nunes LM. Geographical variations in arsenic contents in rice plants from Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula in relation to soil conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2020; 42:3351-3372. [PMID: 32350805 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-020-00581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic is a ubiquitous, toxic element that is efficiently accumulated by rice plants. This study assessed the spatial variability in the total As (tAs) contents and organic and inorganic forms in different types of rice, plant parts (husk, stem, leaves and phytoliths) and residues. Samples were collected in different countries in Latin America (Ecuador, Brazil and Peru) and the Iberian Peninsula (Spain and Portugal). The tAs content in commercial polished rice from the Latin American countries was similar (0.130-0.166 mg kg-1) and significantly lower than in the rice from the Iberian countries (0.191 ± 0.066 mg kg-1), and together, the tAs concentration in brown rice (236 ± 0.093 mg kg-1) was significantly higher than in polished and parboiled rice. The inorganic As (iAs) content in rice was similar in both geographical regions, and the aforementioned difference was attributed to dimethylarsinic acid (DMA). The relative abundance of organic species increased as the tAs content in rice grain increased. A meta-analysis of our and previously reported data confirmed the negative correlation between iAs/tAs and tAs. At low tAs concentrations, inorganic forms are dominant, while at higher values (tAs > 0.300 mg kg-1) the concentration of organic As increases substantially and DMA becomes the dominant form in rice grain. On the contrary, inorganic arsenic was always the dominant form, mainly as arsenate [As(V)], in leaves and stems. The presence in soils of high concentrations of amorphous Fe and Al oxides and hydroxides, which are capable of strongly adsorbing oxyanions (i.e. arsenate), was associated with low concentrations of As in rice plants. In addition, the presence of high concentrations of As(V) in stems and leaves, low concentration of As in phytoliths, and the As associated with organic matter in stems and husk, together suggest that rice plants take up more As(V) than As(III).
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Affiliation(s)
- X L Otero
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, CRETUS Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - O Atiaga
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, CRETUS Institute, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y la Construcción, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, P.O. Box 171-5-231B, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - R Estrella
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y la Construcción, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, P.O. Box 171-5-231B, Sangolquí, Ecuador
| | - W Tierra
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Biotecnología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - J Ruales
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Biotecnología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
| | - L Zayas
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - V Souza
- Departamento de Agronomia, Área de Solo, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - T O Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - G N Nóbrega
- Departamento de Geoquímica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista s/nº, Campus do Valonguinho, Centro, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, 24020-14, Brazil
| | - D P Oliveira
- Graduate Course in Ecology and Natural Resources, Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará - UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - H M Queiroz
- Departamento de Ciência do Solo, Escola Superior de Agronomia Luiz de Queiroz (ESALQ), Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - L M Nunes
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, CERIS, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
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15
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Shen N, Liu C, Yu H, Qu J. Effects of resource heterogeneity and environmental disturbance on the growth performance and interspecific competition of wetland clonal plants. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e00914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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16
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Ochoa M, Tierra W, Tupuna-Yerovi DS, Guanoluisa D, Otero XL, Ruales J. Assessment of cadmium and lead contamination in rice farming soils and rice (Oryza sativa L.) from Guayas province in Ecuador. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114050. [PMID: 32041025 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice is the world's most consumed and in-demand grain. Ecuador is one of the main rice-consuming countries in Latin America, with an average per capita consumption of 53.2 kg per year. Rice cultivation takes place under flooding conditions, which favors the mobilization and subsequent accumulation of heavy metals in the plant. This study's principal objective was to evaluate the contamination of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) in the rice cultivation system in the province of Guayas. To this end, extensive sampling of water, soil and rice grains was carried. Water samples were analyzed to determine physicochemical properties and concentrations of dissolved Cd and Pb. Physicochemical properties, total organic carbon (TOC), total content of nitrogen (N), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), phosphorus (P), bioavailable phosphorus (P mehlich), Cd and Pb were determined in soil samples. In addition, to understand the dynamics of Cd and Pb mobility and bioavailability, an extraction of six randomly selected soil samples was carried out. The concentration values of the total Cd and Pb content in the rice cultivation system did not exceed the maximum recommended limit for soil, water and rice grains. However, 85% of the total Cd was in the soluble or exchangeable fraction of the soil, while the Pb was strongly bound to crystalline iron oxyhydroxides. It was established that the TOC, N, Fe, and P mehlich have a significant correlation (p < 0.05) with the overall concentration of Cd and Pb in the rice farming soil. The Cd and Pb present in rice do not represent a dietary health risk to the population of Ecuador.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Ochoa
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology (DECAB), Faculty of Chemical and Agroindustrial Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Zip Code: 17012759, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Wladimir Tierra
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology (DECAB), Faculty of Chemical and Agroindustrial Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Zip Code: 17012759, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Diego Santiago Tupuna-Yerovi
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology (DECAB), Faculty of Chemical and Agroindustrial Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Zip Code: 17012759, Quito, Ecuador; Department of Food Science, Institute of Food Science and Technology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Zip Code: 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Agroindustrial Engineering Department, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador - Sede Manabí (PUCEM), Campus Chone, Zip Code: 130301, Chone, Ecuador.
| | - Danilo Guanoluisa
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology (DECAB), Faculty of Chemical and Agroindustrial Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Zip Code: 17012759, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Xosé Luis Otero
- Department of Edaphology and Agricultural Chemistry - CRETUS, Faculty of Biology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - Jenny Ruales
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology (DECAB), Faculty of Chemical and Agroindustrial Engineering, Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN), Zip Code: 17012759, Quito, Ecuador.
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17
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Atiaga O, Nunes LM, Otero XL. Effect of cooking on arsenic concentration in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:10757-10765. [PMID: 31950418 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07552-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the effect of rinsing and boiling on total content of As (tAs) and of its inorganic and organic forms in different types of rice (polished and brown) from Spain and Ecuador. Rice was subjected to five different treatments. The results showed that the treatment consisting of three grain rinsing cycles followed by boiling in excess water showed a significant decrease in tAs content compared with raw rice. Regarding As species, it is worth noting that the different treatments significantly reduced the content of the most toxic forms of As. The estimated lifetime health risks indicate that pre-rinsing alone can reduce the risk by 50%, while combining it with discarding excess water can reduce the risk by 83%; therefore, the latter would be the preferable method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliva Atiaga
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y la Construcción, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n, P.O. Box 171-5-231B, Sangolquí, Ecuador
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Luis M Nunes
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, CERIS - Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Xosé L Otero
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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18
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Chen P, Zhang HM, Yao BM, Chen SC, Sun GX, Zhu YG. Bioavailable arsenic and amorphous iron oxides provide reliable predictions for arsenic transfer in soil-wheat system. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 383:121160. [PMID: 31518812 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The application of current soil quality standards based on total arsenic (As) fails to assess the ecological risks of soil arsenic or to ensure the safety of crops and foods. In this study, bioavailable arsenic instead of total arsenic was applied to improve predictive models for arsenic transfer from soil to wheat (Triticum turgidum L.). The stepwise multiple-linear regression analysis showed that bioavailable arsenic and amorphous iron oxides (FeOX) were the two most important factors contributing to arsenic accumulation in wheat grain, with the explained percentage of variation being up to 82%. Compared with the bioavailable arsenic extracted by NH4H2PO4, bioavailable arsenic extracted by HNO3 from soils generated better predictions of the amount of arsenic in grain. The best reliable model was log[Asgrain] = 0.917 log[HNO3-As] - 0.452 log[FeOX] - 1.507 (R2 = 0.82, P < 0.001). Consistently, bioavailable arsenic and FeOX were also the key factors to predict arsenic accumulation in wheat straw, leaves and spikes. Our prediction models was successfully verified for three independent soils. Our results highlight the role of soil bioavailable heavy metals in predicting their transfer in soil-plant systems and can be used to improve existing Chinese soil quality standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiuzhou District, Jiaxing, 314016, China
| | - Bao-Min Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Song-Can Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guo-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1799 Jimei Road, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Mondal D, Periche R, Tineo B, Bermejo LA, Rahman MM, Siddique AB, Rahman MA, Solis JL, Cruz GJF. Arsenic in Peruvian rice cultivated in the major rice growing region of Tumbes river basin. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125070. [PMID: 31629236 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) exposure from surface and groundwater in Peru is being recognised as a potential threat but there are limited studies on As in the food-chain and none on As in Peruvian rice. In this study, we have determined the As content in rice cultivated in the Tumbes river basin located in the northern province of Peru, an area known for extensive rice cultivation. We collected rice and soil samples from agricultural fields, soil was collected using grid sampling technique while rice was collected from the heaps of harvested crop placed across the fields. The average total As concentration in rice was 167.94 ± 71 μg kg-1 (n = 29; range 68.39-345.31 μg kg-1). While the rice As levels were not highly elevated, the As content of few samples (n = 7) greater than 200 μg kg-1 could contribute negatively to human health upon chronic exposure. Average concentration of As in soil was 8.63 ± 7.8 mg kg-1 (n = 30) and soil to grain transfer factor was 0.025 ± 0.018 for 12 matched samples. Compared to our previous pilot study in 2006 (samples collected from the same agricultural fields but not from exact locations) there was a 41% decrease in As soil concentration in this study. Rice samples collected in 2006 (n = 5) had a mean concentration of 420 ± 109 μg kg-1. Our data provides a baseline of rice grain As concentrations in Peruvian province of Tumbes and warrants further studies on factors affecting uptake of As by the rice varieties cultivated in Peru and any potential human health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debapriya Mondal
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, UK.
| | - Romy Periche
- Department of Forestry Engineering and Environmental Management, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
| | - Bristin Tineo
- Department of Forestry Engineering and Environmental Management, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
| | - Luis A Bermejo
- Department of Forestry Engineering and Environmental Management, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
| | - Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Abu Bakkar Siddique
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Md Aminur Rahman
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Faculty of Science, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - José L Solis
- Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Ingeniería, Av. Túpac Amaru 210, Lima 25, Peru
| | - Gerardo J F Cruz
- Department of Forestry Engineering and Environmental Management, Universidad Nacional de Tumbes, Av. Universitaria s/n, Pampa Grande, Tumbes, Peru
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20
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Sandil S, Dobosy P, Kröpfl K, Füzy A, Óvári M, Záray G. Effect of irrigation water containing arsenic on elemental composition of bean and lettuce plants cultivated in calcareous sandy soil. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-019-0014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The uptake of arsenic by vegetables from soil irrigated with arsenic enriched groundwater poses a major health hazard. The edible portion of these vegetables transfer arsenic to the human beings. The uptake of arsenic was studied in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in a controlled greenhouse pot culture with calcareous sandy soil as substrate. The plants were irrigated with water containing sodium arsenate at concentrations 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg L− 1. The total arsenic concentration of the different plants parts was determined by ICP-MS, following microwave-assisted acid digestion. The change in plant biomass production and essential macroelements (Mg, P, K) and microelements concentration (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn) was also studied.
Results
The As concentration in the bean was in the order: root>stem>leaf>bean fruit and in lettuce: root>leaves. At the highest dose (0.5 mg L− 1) the As concentration in the bean fruit and lettuce leaves was 22.1 μg kg− 1 and 1207.5 μg kg− 1 DW, respectively. Increasing As concentration in the irrigation water resulted in decreased edible biomass production in bean, while in lettuce the edible biomass production increased. Neither plant exhibited any visible toxicity symptoms. No significant change was observed in the macro and microelements concentration. The total and the water-soluble arsenic in soil amounted to 3.5 mg kg− 1 and 0.023 mg kg− 1, respectively. The transfer factor was found to increase with increase in the As treatment applied. The transfer factor range for bean from root to fruit was 0.003–0.005, and for lettuce from root to leaves was 0.14–0.24.
Conclusion
Considering the FAO-WHO recommended maximum tolerable daily intake (MTDI) limit of 2.1 μg kg− 1 body weight, and the biomass production, both plants should not be cultivated at As treatment level higher than 0.1 mg L− 1.
Graphical abstract
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21
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Martins GC, de Oliveira C, Ribeiro PG, Natal-da-Luz T, Sousa JP, Bundschuh J, Guilherme LRG. Assessing the Brazilian prevention value for soil arsenic: Effects on emergence and growth of plant species relevant to tropical agroecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 694:133663. [PMID: 31756827 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
One of the entry routes of arsenic (As) into the food chain is through the consumption of edible parts of crops contaminated by this element. Different plant species present distinctive As accumulation and tolerance capacities. These differences are also influenced by As availability and speciation in soils. This study assessed the effect of As contamination on plant emergence and initial growth, as well as on accumulated As contents in different crops grown in tropical soils. In addition, it was intended to verify the protection level of the current soil As prevention value adopted in Brazil, which should be applicable for conceivably other tropical soils in Latin America. Plants of maize, rice, sorghum, common bean, sunflower, and radish were cultivated in two different tropical soils (Oxisol and Inceptisol) and in a standard substrate (tropical artificial soil - TAS) dosed with As (0; 8; 14.5; 26; 46.5; 84; 150; 270 mg kg-1). Early germination, total dry mass, As content, and bioconcentration factor were evaluated. The EC20 and EC50 values (the As concentration for 20% or 50% of effect relative to control treatment) based on total As concentration were more variable among different soils than the corresponding EC20 and EC50 values based on extractable (phytoavailable) As concentration. From the studied species, common bean was the most sensitive and maize was the least sensitive to As. Those species were the ones that accumulated the lowest As levels in shoot tissues. Arsenic concentrations measured in plant tissues and estimated bioaccumulation factors were not related to relative As toxicity among species. Data obtained suggest that the current Brazilian prevention value for arsenic is adequate for soils with high arsenic adsorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Caixeta Martins
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Soil Science, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Vale Institute of Technology, 955 Boaventura da Silva Street, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Cynthia de Oliveira
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Soil Science, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula Godinho Ribeiro
- Federal University of Lavras, Department of Soil Science, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tiago Natal-da-Luz
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Sousa
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jochen Bundschuh
- School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, Faculty of Health, Engineering and Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, West Street, Toowoomba, Queensland 4350, Australia
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22
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González-Moscoso M, Martínez-Villegas NV, Cadenas-Pliego G, Benavides-Mendoza A, Rivera-Cruz MDC, González-Morales S, Juárez-Maldonado A. Impact of Silicon Nanoparticles on the Antioxidant Compounds of Tomato Fruits Stressed by Arsenic. Foods 2019; 8:foods8120612. [PMID: 31771217 PMCID: PMC6963759 DOI: 10.3390/foods8120612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Tomato fruit is rich in antioxidant compounds such as lycopene and β-carotene. The beneficial effects of the bioactive compounds of tomato fruit have been documented as anticancer activities. The objective of this research was to determine whether arsenic (As) causes changes in the content of antioxidant compounds in tomato fruits and whether Silicon nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) positively influence them. The effects on fruit quality and non-enzymatic antioxidant compounds were determined. The results showed that As decreased the oxide-reduction potential (ORP), while lycopene and β-carotene were increased by exposure to As at a low dose (0.2 mg L-1), and proteins and vitamin C decreased due to high doses of As in the interaction with SiO2 NPs. A dose of 250 mg L-1 of SiO2 NPs increased glutathione and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and phenols decreased with low doses of As and when they interacted with the NPs. As for the flavonoids, they increased with exposure to As and SiO2 NPs. The total antioxidant capacity, determined by the ABTS (2,2´-azino-bis[3-ethylbenzthiazolin-6-sulfonic acid]) test, showed an increase with the highest dose of As in the interaction with SiO2 NPs. The application of As at low doses induced a greater accumulation of bioactive compounds in tomato fruit; however, these compounds decreased in high doses as well as via interaction with SiO2 NPs, indicating that there was an oxidative burst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magín González-Moscoso
- Doctorado en Ciencias en Agricultura Protegida, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila 25315, Mexico;
| | | | | | | | | | - Susana González-Morales
- CONACyT-Departamento de Horticultura, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila 25315, Mexico;
| | - Antonio Juárez-Maldonado
- Departamento de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro, Saltillo, Coahuila 25315, Mexico
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +52-844-411-0317
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Borba VSD, Paiva Rodrigues MH, Badiale-Furlong E. Impact of Biological Contamination of Rice on Food Safety. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1683745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verônica Simões De Borba
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Marcy Heli Paiva Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Eliana Badiale-Furlong
- Laboratório de Micotoxinas e Ciência de Alimentos, Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande – FURG, Rio Grande, Brazil
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24
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Gavilanes-Terán I, Cano-Lamadrid M, Idrovo-Novillo J, García-García E, Veloz-Mayorga N, Erazo-Arrieta R, Burló F, Cruz-Paca F, Carbonell-Barrachina ÁA. Inorganic arsenic content in Ecuadorian rice-based products. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:922-928. [PMID: 31009318 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1595744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic intake in the world is linked with drinking water and food; the main sources of inorganic As (i-As) exposure in food are rice and rice-based products. The consumption of rice in Ecuador is 53.2 kg year-1 and it is the most commonly used cereal for the preparation of many popular dishes especially for subjects with celiac disease. Objectives of this research were: (i) to determine the content of i-As in foods widely consumed by Ecuadorians with celiac disease, (ii) to calculate the i-As dietary intake, and (iii) to model and predict the health risks of the population under study as a result of their exposure to i-As from rice-based food. The estimated daily intakes of Ecuadorian children (below 3 years of age) and adults were established at 0.52 and 0.55 μg kg-1 body weight d-1, respectively. These values were above the lower BMDL01 value established for i-As established by the EFSA; consequently, it can be concluded that health risk cannot be excluded for the Ecuadorian population with celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Gavilanes-Terán
- a Facultad de Ciencias , Escuela Superior Politécnica De Chimborazo , Riobamba , Ecuador
| | - M Cano-Lamadrid
- b Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Grupo de Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria , Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche , Alicante , Spain
| | - J Idrovo-Novillo
- a Facultad de Ciencias , Escuela Superior Politécnica De Chimborazo , Riobamba , Ecuador
| | - E García-García
- c Instituto de Bioingenieria, Grupo Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria , Alicante , Spain
| | - N Veloz-Mayorga
- a Facultad de Ciencias , Escuela Superior Politécnica De Chimborazo , Riobamba , Ecuador
| | - R Erazo-Arrieta
- d Centro de Servicios Técnicos y Transferencia Tecnológica Ambiental , Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo , Riobamba , Ecuador
| | - F Burló
- b Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Grupo de Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria , Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche , Alicante , Spain
| | - F Cruz-Paca
- a Facultad de Ciencias , Escuela Superior Politécnica De Chimborazo , Riobamba , Ecuador
| | - Ángel A Carbonell-Barrachina
- b Departamento de Tecnología Agroalimentaria, Grupo de Calidad y Seguridad Alimentaria , Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche , Alicante , Spain
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Nunes LM, Otero X. Quantification of health risks in Ecuadorian population due to dietary ingestion of arsenic in rice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:27457-27468. [PMID: 28980169 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0265-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In Ecuador alone, 500,000 people in rural areas are estimated to have been exposed to high concentrations of As from water and food, but no quantitative evaluation of health risk has yet been made. The present study quantifies exposure and health risk for the Ecuadorian population from the ingestion of arsenic in white rice. Estimated exposure is correlated with published data on tap water quality and biomarkers of exposure for the population of two towns in the metropolitan area of Quito. Estimated daily intake (EDI) of arsenic for infants living in urban areas of Ecuador is around four times that of European infants, being equal for those livings in rural areas. EDI for the population as a whole is almost twice that of Europe, but between a half and a third of that of Brazil, Bangladesh, and India. Estimated excess lifetime risk (ELTR) for adults is 3 per 10,000, while for infants varies between 10 per 10,000 in rural areas and 20 per 10,000 in urban areas. Future research on arsenic impacts on human health in Ecuador should consider in particular poor populations living in regions where environmental arsenic concentrations are highest, including cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiologic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Miguel Nunes
- Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Faro, Portugal.
- Civil Engineering Research and Innovation for Sustainability, Instituto Superior Técnico, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Xosé Otero
- Departamento de Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Sur, 15782, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Biotecnología, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador
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A Model Study of the Photochemical Fate of As(III) in Paddy-Water. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030445. [PMID: 28287457 PMCID: PMC6155196 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The APEX (Aqueous Photochemistry of Environmentally-occurring Xenobiotics) software previously developed by one of us was used to model the photochemistry of As(III) in paddy-field water, allowing a comparison with biotic processes. The model included key paddy-water variables, such as the shielding effect of the rice canopy on incident sunlight and its monthly variations, water pH, and the photochemical parameters of the chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) occurring in paddy fields. The half-life times (t1/2) of As(III) photooxidation to As(V) would be ~20–30 days in May. In contrast, the photochemical oxidation of As(III) would be much slower in June and July due to rice-canopy shading of radiation because of plant growth, despite higher sunlight irradiance. At pH < 8 the photooxidation of As(III) would mainly be accounted for by reaction with transient species produced by irradiated CDOM (here represented by the excited triplet states 3CDOM*, neglecting the possibly more important reactions with poorly known species such as the phenoxy radicals) and, to a lesser extent, with the hydroxyl radicals (HO•). However, the carbonate radicals (CO3•−) could be key photooxidants at pH > 8.5 provided that the paddy-water 3CDOM* is sufficiently reactive toward the oxidation of CO32−. In particular, if paddy-water 3CDOM* oxidizes the carbonate anion with a second-order reaction rate constant near (or higher than) 106 M−1·s−1, the photooxidation of As(III) could be quite fast at pH > 8.5. Such pH conditions can be produced by elevated photosynthetic activity that consumes dissolved CO2.
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FARIAS JÚLIAG, BERNARDY KATIELI, SCHWALBERT RAÍSSA, DEL FRARI BIANCAK, MEHARG ANDREW, CAREY MANUS, MARQUES ANDERSONC, SIGNES-PASTOR ANTONIO, SAUSEN DARLENE, SCHORR MÁRCIOR, TAVARES MIRIANS, NICOLOSO FERNANDOT. Effect of phosphorus on arsenic uptake and metabolism in rice cultivars differing in phosphorus use efficiency and response. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 89:163-174. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720160320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- JÚLIA G. FARIAS
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Brazil; Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | - MANUS CAREY
- Queen's University Belfast, Northern Ireland
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