1
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Wu H, Shen W, Zhao Q, Zhang W. Synthesis of chitosan-based flocculant by dielectric barrier discharge modification and its flocculation performance in wastewater treatment. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2410-2421. [PMID: 38223699 PMCID: PMC10785050 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
As a typical type of organic flocculant, chitosan is limited by its poor water solubility and narrow pH range application. Grafting modification can improve chitosan's solubility and availability through linking macromolecular chains with other types of water-soluble groups or functional side groups. In this study, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) was used to active the surface of chitosan, then activated chitosan was polymerized with acrylamide to synthesize a chitosan-based flocculant, chitosan-acrylamide (CS-AM). During the synthesis of CS-AM, the optimal conditions were determined as follows: discharge time of 5 min, discharge power of 60 W, total monomer mass concentration of 80 g L-1, polymerization time of 3 h, polymerization temperature of 70 °C, and m(CS) : m(AM) ratio of 1 : 3. The structure and morphological characteristics of CS-AM were investigated and analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric (TG) analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N2 physical adsorption, respectively. The removal efficiency of kaolin suspension and CNTs suspension can reach up to 95.9% and 90.2% after flocculation of CS-AM. Furthermore, the zeta potential of the supernatant from the CS-AM treated kaolin suspension at different pH values was examined, and the flocculation mechanism of CS-AM was analyzed. This study provides new ideas for the preparation and development of modified chitosan and broadens its application in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Wang Shen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Quanfa Zhao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
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2
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Zhao Q, Wu H, Shen W, Han X, Zheng B, Wang Y. Dielectric barrier discharge plasma-modified chitosan flocculant and its flocculation performance. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 251:126364. [PMID: 37595720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
The flocculation performance of chitosan can be enhanced by grafting modification to overcome its disadvantages of poor water solubility. In this study, chitosan was modified by dielectric barrier discharge plasma and polymerized with acrylamide and aluminum chloride to synthesize a new chitosan-based flocculant, namely, chitosan-acrylamide-aluminum chloride (CA-PAC). After optimizing the synthesis conditions of CA-PAC, the best conditions were as follows: discharge time of 3 min, discharge power of 50 W, polymerization temperature of 60 °C, polymerization time of 3 h, total monomer concentration of 100 g/L, and m(AlCl3):m(CA) ratio of 2:1. Characterization was performed through SEM, XPS, FTIR, XRD, TG and 1H NMR. Results showed that the preparation of CA-PAC was successful. The influences of flocculant dosage, pH, and stirring intensity on flocculation efficiency were investigated. The removal efficiency of turbidity was 94.1 %. The investigation of the flocculation mechanism revealed that CA-PAC mainly relied on charge neutralization or the synergic action of electric neutralization, bridging, and roll-sweep under acidic and neutral conditions, but it depended on the joint action of adsorption bridging and net sweeping under alkaline conditions. This study provides new ideas for the preparation and development of modified chitosan and broadens its application in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanfa Zhao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Haixia Wu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China.
| | - Wang Shen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Bin Zheng
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Nanjing Branch of Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Nanjing 210012, China
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3
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Jin W, Nan J, Chen M, Song L, Wu F. Superior performance of novel chitosan-based flocculants in decolorization of anionic dyes: Responses of flocculation performance to flocculant molecular structures and hydrophobicity and flocculation mechanism. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131273. [PMID: 36996540 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
To achieve economical and efficient decolorization, two novel flocculants, weakly hydrophobic comb-like chitosan-graft-poly (N, N-Dimethylacrylamide) (CSPD) and strongly hydrophobic chain-like chitosan-graft-L-Cyclohexylglycine (CSLC) were synthesized in this study. To assess the effectiveness and application of CSPD and CSLC, the impacts of factors, including flocculant dosages, initial pH, initial dye concentrations, co-existing inorganic ions and turbidities, on the decolorization performance were explored. The results suggested that the optimum decolorizing efficiencies of the five anionic dyes ranged from 83.17% to 99.40%. Moreover, for accurately controlling flocculation performance, the responses to flocculant molecular structures and hydrophobicity in flocculation using CSPD and CSLC were studied. The Comb-like structure gives CSPD a wider dosage range for effective decolorization and better efficiencies with large molecule dyes under weak alkaline conditions. The strong hydrophobicity makes CSLC more effective in decolorization and more suitable for removing small molecule dyes under weak alkaline conditions. Meanwhile, the responses of removal efficiency and floc size to flocculant hydrophobicity are more sensitive. Mechanism studies revealed that charge neutralization, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic association worked together in the decolorization of CSPD and CSLC. This study has provided meaningful guidance for developing flocculants in the treatment of diverse printing and dyeing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Jun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China.
| | - Meng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Langrun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Fangmin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
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4
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Du B, Tang Q, Chen W, Rong X, Zhang K, Ma D, Wei Z, Chen W. Insight into the purification of algael water by a novel flocculant with enhanced branched nanochitosan structure. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117283. [PMID: 36701886 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
For improving inadequate nanostructural stability and promote algal removal efficiency, a novel nanochitosan-grafted flocculant (PAD-g-MNC) with an enhanced branched nanostructure and high molecular weight (MW) was fabricated via maleic anhydride acylation polymerization. Characterization results verified the successful synthesis of the flocculant and the formation of an irregular particle nanostructure. PAD-g-MNC exhibited superior algal and extracellular organic matter (EOM) removal and obtained the turbidity and chlorophyll-a removal rates of 93.46%-95.39% and 95.10%-97.31%, respectively, at the dosage of 4-5 mg L-1. The growth rate, strength factor, and recovery factor of algal flocs flocculated by PAD-g-MNC were 90.36, 0.63, and 0.27 (100 rpm), respectively, and were higher than other flocculants prepared through conventional methods. Results indicated that the high intrinsic viscosity and stability branched nanostructure promoted the formation of stable flocs and regeneration ability of flocs. MW distribution and three-dimensional fluorescence analyses revealed that the special structure of PAD-g-MNC was beneficial to the removal of tryptophan-like proteins in EOM. Strong adsorption-adhesion and bridging-netting effects of the nanostructure chain were the dominated mechanisms in the improvement of flocculation efficiency. This study provided theoretical and experimental guidance for the design of flocculants with superior performance and efficient algal water purification performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Du
- Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center, Enrollment and Employment Department, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China; College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Qian Tang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Xiang Rong
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Zhaolan Wei
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
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5
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Ren B, Weitzel KA, Duan X, Nadagouda MN, Dionysiou DD. A comprehensive review on algae removal and control by coagulation-based processes: mechanism, material, and application. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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6
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Xia J, Rao T, Ji J, He B, Liu A, Sun Y. Enhanced Dewatering of Activated Sludge by Skeleton-Assisted Flocculation Process. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116540. [PMID: 35682124 PMCID: PMC9180161 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sludge dewatering is the fundamental process of sludge treatment. Environmentally friendly and efficient sludge conditioning methods are the premises of sludge to achieve dehydration reduction and resource utilization. In response to sewage plant sludge dehydration, fly ash (FA), polymerized aluminum chloride (PAC), and polymer sulfate (PFS) were studied separately to determine their sludge dehydration performance, and the effects of these three conditioner composite regulations on sludge dehydration properties were studied. Compared to the sludge treated only with conditioner, the average particle size of floc increased and the organic matter content in the filtrate decreased. The sludge dewatering efficiency after the conditioning effect is better than that after conditioning a single conditioner. After PFS conditioning with fly ash, the water content and specific resistance (SRF) of the sludge cake can be reduced to 76.39% and 6.63 × 1010 m/kg, respectively. The moisture content and specific resistance (SRF) of the sludge cake can be reduced to 76.10% and 6.91 × 1010 m/kg, respectively. The pH of the sludge and filtrate changed slightly after PAC conditioning with fly ash coupling. These results indicate that fly-ash coupled with PAC and fly-ash coupled with PFS are expected to become a novel and effective environmental protection combined conditioning method for sludge dewatering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahua Xia
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Ting Rao
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Juan Ji
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Bijuan He
- Nanjing Jiangbei New Area Public Utilities Holding Group Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210044, China; (J.X.); (T.R.); (J.J.); (B.H.)
| | - Ankang Liu
- Nanjing Water Purification Environmental Research Institute Co., Ltd., Nanjing 211100, China;
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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The Optimization of Chlorella vulgaris Flocculation Harvesting by Chitosan and Calcium Hydroxide. Indian J Microbiol 2022; 62:266-272. [DOI: 10.1007/s12088-022-01004-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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8
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Kumar N, Banerjee C, Negi S, Shukla P. Microalgae harvesting techniques: updates and recent technological interventions. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2022; 43:342-368. [PMID: 35168457 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2022.2031089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Microalgal biomass has garnered attention as a renewable and sustainable resource for producing biodiesel. The harvesting of microalgal biomass is a significant bottleneck being faced by the industries as it is the crucial cost driver in the downstream processing of biomass. Bioharvesting of microalgal biomass mediated by: microbial, animal, and plant-based polymeric flocculants has gained a higher probability of utility in accumulation due to: its higher dewatering potential, less toxicity, and ecofriendly properties. The present review summarizes the key challenges and the technological advancements associated with various such harvesting techniques. The economic and technical aspects of different microalgal harvesting techniques, particularly the cationic polymeric flocculant-based harvesting of microalgal biomass, are also discussed. Furthermore, interactions of flocculants with microalgal biomass and the effects of these interactions on metabolite and lipid extractions are discussed to offer a promising solution for suitability in selecting the most efficient and economical method of microalgal biomass harvesting for cost-effective biodiesel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niwas Kumar
- Algal Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, India
| | - Chiranjib Banerjee
- Algal Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, India.,Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Gurukula Kangri (Deemed to be University), Haridwar, India
| | - Sangeeta Negi
- Bioscience Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.,Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
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9
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Sun Y, Yu Y, Zhou S, Shah KJ, Sun W, Zhai J, Zheng H. Functionalized chitosan-magnetic flocculants for heavy metal and dye removal modeled by an artificial neural network. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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10
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Chen W, Zhang F, Tang Q, Du B, Ma D, Zhao Z, Fan L, Luo H, Zhao Z, Huang X, Zheng H. Evaluating the performance of bridging-assembly chelating flocculant for heavy metals removal: Role of branched architectures. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 289:133260. [PMID: 34906524 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A novel chelating flocculant with branched architectures, polyacrylamide grafted maleoyl chitosan-mercaptoacetic acid (PAM-g-M(CS-MA)), was successfully fabricated using maleic anhydride as the "bridge" between chitosan and polyacrylamide. The functional groups and structural characteristic information of copolymers were obtained via characterization analysis. Flocculation performance was systematically investigated via purifying a series of simulated wastewater containing Cu or Cd. The properties of the flocs were studied to give in-depth evidences for the role of chelation groups and branched architectures in flocculation. Results indicated that PAM-g-M(CS-MA) showed excellent flocculation capacity for heavy metals in high concentrations and was superior to other chelating flocculants. The maximum flocculation efficiency of Cu (93.90%) and Cd (92.47%) was achieved by PAM-g-M(CS-MA) at pH 7, dosage of 100 mg L-1 and stirring speed of 90 rpm. The flocculation mechanisms of PAM-g-M(CS-MA) were deeply explored through the analyses of floc properties. The strong synergistic chelation of mercapto, carboxyl, amide and hydroxyl groups predominated for the capturing of heavy metals; and the branched architectures facilitated the formation of large and stable flocs via adsorption and bridging-furl effect. This study provided a solid foundation for the fabrication of flocculants for heavy metal wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Fengjiao Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Qian Tang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Bin Du
- Admission and Employment Office, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Zhihan Zhao
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Liangqian Fan
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Zhongguo Zhao
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Xing Huang
- College of Architecture and Urban-Rural Planning, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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11
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Advanced Treatment of Phosphorus Pesticide Wastewater Using an Integrated Process of Coagulation and Ozone Catalytic Oxidation. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional pretreatment and secondary biochemical treatment are ineffective methods for removing phosphorus from phosphorus-containing pesticide wastewater. In this study, coagulation-coupled ozone catalytic oxidation was used to treat secondary biochemical tailwater of phosphorus-containing pesticide wastewater thoroughly. The effects of the coagulant type, coagulant dosage, coagulant concentration, wastewater pH, stirring rate, and stirring time on the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorus (TP), and chromaticity were investigated during coagulation. When the dosage of the coagulant PAFS was equal to 100 mg/L, the concentration of the coagulant, pH, stirring rate, and stirring time were 5 wt%, 8, 100 rpm, and 5 min, respectively, and the removal rates of COD, TP, and chroma in wastewater reached the maximum value of 17.6%, 86.8%, and 50.0%, respectively. Effluent after coagulation was treated via ozone catalytic oxidation. When the respective ozone dosage, H2O2 dosage, catalyst dosage, and reaction time were 120 mg/L, 0.1 vt‰, 10 wt%, and 90 min, residual COD and chromaticity of the final effluent were 10.3 mg/L and 8, respectively. The coagulation-coupled ozone catalytic oxidation process has good application prospects in the treatment of secondary biochemical tailwater from phosphorus-containing pesticide wastewater.
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12
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Meléndez-Ortiz HI, Galindo RB, Puente-Urbina B, Sánchez-Orozco JL, Ledezma A. Antimicrobial cotton gauzes modified with poly(acrylic acid-co-maltodextrin) hydrogel using chitosan as crosslinker. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 198:119-127. [PMID: 34963627 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.12.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Cotton gauzes were grafted with a hydrogel of maltodextrin (MD) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc) using N-maleyl chitosan as crosslinker to obtain materials with antimicrobial properties. Reaction parameters including monomer, crosslinker, and initiator concentrations were studied. The modification with the copolymer poly(acrylic acid)-co-maltodextrin (PAAc-co-MD) was corroborated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The grafted gauzes (gauze-g-(PAAc-co-MD)) were able to load vancomycin and inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. In addition, the incorporation of chitosan as crosslinker showed a synergistic effect against these bacteria. The prepared gauze-g-(PAAc-co-MD) materials could be used in the biomedical area particularly as antimicrobial wound dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Iván Meléndez-Ortiz
- CONACyT-Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo # 140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico.
| | - Rebeca Betancourt Galindo
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo # 140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Bertha Puente-Urbina
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo # 140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Jorge L Sánchez-Orozco
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo # 140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
| | - Antonio Ledezma
- Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, Blvd. Enrique Reyna Hermosillo # 140, 25294 Saltillo, Mexico
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13
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Sun Y, Li D, Lu X, Sheng J, Zheng X, Xiao X. Flocculation of combined contaminants of dye and heavy metal by nano-chitosan flocculants. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 299:113589. [PMID: 34467861 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, two multifunctional nano-chitosan flocculants (CPAM-NCS1 and CPAM-NCS2) were made through the graft modification of cationic monomer and carboxymethylchitosan (CMCTS) to remove combined contaminants. The effects of various factors (pH, flocculant dosage and hydraulic mixing conditions) on the flocculation performance under single and composite pollution conditions were systematically investigated, the optimal chemical oxygen demand (COD) and the chromaticity removal rates in the dye wastewater were 79.9% and 83.9% at wastewater pH 7, the fast stirring rate 300 rpm, the fast stirring time 8 min, and the dosage of CPAM-NCS1 80 mg/L, respectively. The optimal removal rates of Cu (II) obtained by CPAM-NCS1 and CPAM-NCS2 at were 80.3% and 75.2% at 60 mg/L and the wastewater pH 7, respectively. The optimal removal rates of Cu (II) and disperse orange were 85.3% and 89.4%, respectively, in a composite pollutant system in which Cu (II) and disperse orange coexisted when the pH of the composite system was 9 and the dosage of CPAM -NCS1 was 60 mg/L. This study proved that nanoflocculants made by modifying CMCTS with different structures can demonstrate ideal flocculation removal performance for dye and heavy metal wastewaters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Deng Li
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xi Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction, College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Jinwei Sheng
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuefeng Xiao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
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14
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Xiao X, Yu Y, Sun Y, Zheng X, Chen A. Heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions by chitosan-based magnetic composite flocculants. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 108:22-32. [PMID: 34465434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, three magnetic flocculants with different chelating groups, namely, carboxymethyl chitosan-modified Fe3O4 flocculant (MC), acrylamide-grafted magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan flocculant (MCM), and 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid copolyacrylamide-grafted magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan flocculant (MCAA) were prepared, synthesized, and characterized by photopolymerization technology. They were applied to the flocculation removal of Cr(III), Co(II), and Pb(II). The effect of flocculation condition on the removal performance of Cr(III), Co(II), and Pb(II) was studied. Characterization results show that the three magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan-based flocculants have been successfully prepared with good magnetic induction properties. Flocculation results show that the removal rates of MC, MCM, and MCAA on Cr(III) are 51.79%, 82.33%, and 91.42%, respectively, under the conditions of 80 mg/L flocculant, pH value of 6, reaction time of 1.5 hr, G value of 200 s-1, and precipitation magnetic field strength of 120 mT. The removal rates of Co(II) by MC, MCM, and MCAA are 54.33%, 84.99%, and 90.49%, respectively. The removal rates of Pb(II) by MC, MCM, and MCAA are 61.54%, 91.32%, and 95.74%, respectively. MCAA shows good flocculation performance in composite heavy metal-simulated wastewater. The magnetic carboxymethyl chitosan-based flocculant shows excellent flocculation performance in removing soluble heavy metals. This research provides guidance and ideas for the development of efficient and low-cost flocculation technology to remove heavy metals in wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Xiao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Aowen Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
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15
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Zhang J, Zhao X, Kong Q, Wang X, Lou T. Preparation of chitosan/DADMAC/lignin terpolymer and its application of dye wastewater flocculation. Polym Bull (Berl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-021-03863-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Xiao X, Sun Y, Liu J, Zheng H. Flocculation of heavy metal by functionalized starch-based bioflocculants: Characterization and process evaluation. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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17
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Zhang J, Guan G, Lou T, Wang X. Preparation and Flocculation Property of Cationic Chitosan‐DADMAC‐β‐Cyclodextrin Copolymer. STARCH-STARKE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Guohao Guan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Tao Lou
- Department of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China
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18
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Sun Y, Yu Y, Zheng X, Chen A, Zheng H. Magnetic flocculation of Cu(II) wastewater by chitosan-based magnetic composite flocculants with recyclable properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117891. [PMID: 33766376 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, three magnetic flocculants, namely, MC, MC-g-PAM, and MC-g-PAA, were prepared. The structure characteristics, flocculation performance, and floc characteristics of the three magnetic flocculants were systematically studied and compared. SEM, FT-IR, XPS, XRD, TG-DSC, and VSM characterization results show that MC, MC-g-PAM, and MC-g-PAA are successfully prepared and exhibit good magnetic induction. The removal rates of copper ions by MC, MC-g-PAM, and MC-g-PAA under the optimal coagulation conditions are 93.39 %, 88.64 %, and 61.41 %, respectively. Kinetic fitting shows that the flocculation reaction process of MC and MC-g-PAM conforms to pseudo first-order kinetics, while the flocculation reaction process of MC-g-PAA conforms to pseudo second-order kinetics. The flocs produced by MC-g-PAA have larger particle size and fractal dimension than those by MC and MC-g-PAM. At 80 mg/L dosage and pH 6, the floc size and floc fractal dimension obtained by MC-g-PAA reach the maximum values of 48.28 um and 1.468, respectively. Zeta potential studies show that the flocculation functions of the three flocculants are mainly adsorption bridging, adsorption electric neutralization, and chelating precipitation. Recycling experiments show that MC-g-PAA has good recyclability, and the recovery rate after the fifth use is 77.24 % with the Cu(II) removal rate of 67.53 %.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Xing Zheng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aowen Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- College of Environemnt and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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19
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Sun W, Zhou S, Sun Y, Xu Y. Synthesis and evaluation of cationic flocculant P(DAC-PAPTAC-AM) for flocculation of coal chemical wastewater. J Environ Sci (China) 2021; 99:239-248. [PMID: 33183701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a high-efficiency cationic flocculant, P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM), was successfully prepared using UV-induced polymerization technology. The monomer Acrylamide (AM): Acryloxyethyl Trimethyl ammonium chloride (DAC): methacrylamido propyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (MAPTAC) ratio, monomer concentration, photoinitiator concentration, urea content, and cationic monomer DAC:MAPTAC ratio, light time, and power of high-pressure mercury lamp were studied. The characteristic groups, characteristic diffraction peaks, and characteristic proton peaks of P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) were confirmed by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer (1H NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of dosage, pH value, and velocity gradient (G) value on the removal efficiencies of turbidity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phenol by poly aluminum ferric chloride (PAFC), P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM), and PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) in the flocculation treatment of coal chemical wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the optimal conditions for the flocculation of coal chemical wastewater using P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) alone are as follows: dosage of 8-12 mg/L, G value of 100-250 s - 1, and pH value of 4-8. The optimal dosage of PAFC is 90-150 mg/L with a pH of 2-12. The optimal dosage for PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) is as follows: PAFC dosage of 90-150 mg/L, P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) dosage of 8-12 mg/L, and pH range of 2-6. When P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) was used alone, the optimal removal efficiencies of turbidity, COD, ammonia nitrogen, and total phenol were 81.0%, 35.0%, 75.0%, and 80.3%, respectively. PAFC has good tolerance to wastewater pH and good pH buffering. Thus, the flocculation treatment of coal chemical wastewater using the PAFC/P(DAC-MAPTAC-AM) compound also exhibits excellent resistance and buffering capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Shengbao Zhou
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yanhua Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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20
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Tang Q, Chen W, Dai X, Liu Y, Liu H, Fan L, Luo H, Ji L, Zhang K. Exploring the perspective of nano-TiO 2 in hydrophobic modified cationic flocculant preparation: Reaction kinetics and emulsified oil removal performance. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:128066. [PMID: 33297071 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the polymerization difficulty of hydrophobic modified copolymers, a hydrophobic modified cationic flocculant was fabricated using nano-TiO2 as initiator with acrylamide (AM) and methyl acryloxyethyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DML) as monomers, and named it PAD. The copolymers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Results verified that PAD was synthesized successfully and nano-TiO2 was more conducive to DML grafting than traditional photo-initiators. Reaction kinetics demonstrated that the polymerization process was a typical precipitation polymerization initiated by free radicals. Flocculation performance of flocculant on simulated emulsified oil was evaluated and optimized. The simulation results indicated that the flocculation performance of PAD was superior to traditional flocculant, which was attributed to the higher content of DML in PAD. The maximum removal rate of emulsified oil could reach 92.10%, and the corresponding turbidity removal rate was 93.54%. Further, the mechanism studies suggested that the removal of emulsified oil was realized by the synergistic effects of electric neutralization, demulsification, hydrophobic association and adsorption bridging. The findings of this study showed that nano-TiO2 exhibited a promising prospect in the field of polymer-initiated polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Xinning Dai
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Yuchen Liu
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China
| | - Liangqian Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Lin Ji
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
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21
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Chen J, Xu X, Nie R, Feng L, Li X, Liu B. Chitosan Modified Cationic Polyacrylamide Initiated by UV-H 2O 2 for Sludge Flocculation and New Insight on the Floc Characteristics Study. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2738. [PMID: 33218149 PMCID: PMC7698928 DOI: 10.3390/polym12112738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a novel graft modified flocculant CTS-g-PAMD was synthesized and applied to conduct sludge conditioning and dewatering. CTS-g-PAMD was copolymerized with AM, DMC and chitosan (CTS) under UV-H2O2 initiation. In addition, the effects of single factor experiments on the molecular weight (MW) CTS grafting efficiency (GE) of CTS-g-PAMD were determined and the optimal copolymerization conditions were achieved. The GE of CTS-g-PAMD reached 91.1% and the MW was 4.82 × 106 Da. As revealed from the characterized results of Fourier-transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), 1H/ NMR, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopic (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), the successful synthesis of CTS-g-PAMD was confirmed, which is considered to be conducive to explaining sludge dewatering performance. Under the optimal conditions (pH = 7.0, flocculant dosage = 35 mg/L), the best flocculating performance (FCMC: 73.7%; SRF: 4.7 × 1012 m·kg-1, turbidity: 9.4 NTU) and large and dense sludge flocs (floc size d50 = 379.142 µm, floc fractal dimension Df = 1.58) were formed. The DMC and CTS chain segments exhibiting cationic properties significantly improved the positive charge density and enhanced the electrical patching effect of CTS-g-PAMD. The long molecular chain of CTS-g-PAMD exhibited superior extensibility, which enhanced bridging effect on adsorption. Moreover, the sludge floc after undergoing CTS-g-PAMD conditioning exhibited robust shear resistance and regeneration ability. After the sludge floc was crushed and broken, a large and dense sludge floc was formed, helping significantly reduce the sludge specific resistance (SRF), turbidity and cake moisture content (FCMC) and enhance the sludge dewatering effect. The novel CTS-g-PAMD flocculant shows promising practical applications and high market value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.C.); (X.X.); (R.N.)
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.C.); (X.X.); (R.N.)
| | - Rui Nie
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; (J.C.); (X.X.); (R.N.)
| | - Li Feng
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Xuhao Li
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.L.); (B.L.)
| | - Bingzhi Liu
- School of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (X.L.); (B.L.)
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22
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Yang K, Chen J, Liang S, Wang Y, Yao C. Preparation of super high concentration cationic polyacrylamide emulsion and its flocculation with cationic polymers. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.4997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kaiji Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
| | - Jinghuan Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for Pulp and Paper China National Pulp and Paper Research Institute Co., Ltd. Beijing China
| | - Shuaibo Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
| | - Yanyun Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
| | - Chunli Yao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry University Beijing China
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23
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Chen W, Tang Q, Liu Z, Luo F, Liao Y, Zhao S, Zhang K, Cheng L, Ma D. Fabricating a novel chitosan-based adsorbent with multifunctional synergistic effect for Cu(II) removal: Maleic anhydride as a connecting bridge. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Deshmukh AR, Aloui H, Khomlaem C, Negi A, Yun JH, Kim HS, Kim BS. Biodegradable films based on chitosan and defatted Chlorella biomass: Functional and physical characterization. Food Chem 2020; 337:127777. [PMID: 32799163 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable films based on chitosan, glycerol, and defatted Chlorella biomass (DCB) were prepared and characterized in terms of thermal stability, mechanical, water barrier, and optical properties. Increasing DCB content from 5 to 25 wt% increased tensile strength of chitosan films by 235%. The incorporation of DCB decreased both moisture content and swelling degree of chitosan/defatted Chlorella biomass (Cs/DCB) films. Furthermore, increasing the content of defatted algal biomass decreased light transmission and reduced water vapor permeability of composite films by more than 60%. As confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared analysis, such improvement in functional and physical properties is mainly due to the homogeneous and uniform distribution of DCB into the polymeric matrix along with the establishment of strong hydrogen bond interactions between chitosan and algal biomass constituents. Moreover, Cs/DCB composite films showed more than 50% of degradation in 60 days soil burial test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarti R Deshmukh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Hajer Aloui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanin Khomlaem
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Abhishek Negi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Yun
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Sik Kim
- Cell Factory Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Soo Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Liu W, Dong Z, Sun D, Dong Q, Wang S, Zhu J, Liu C. Production of bioflocculant using feather waste as nitrogen source and its use in recycling of straw ash-washing wastewater with low-density and high pH property. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 252:126495. [PMID: 32199160 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Straw ash-washing wastewater is generated in the process of straw combustion power generation and potash fertilizer production. The suspended solid particles in straw ash-washing wastewater are hard to be settled down due to its low-density and high pH properties which inhibit the application of traditional chemical flocculants. Bioflocculant has good advantages in flocculating activity, biodegradability and adaptability of wastewater pH fluctuation. However, high production cost limited the large-scale applications of bioflocculant in wastewater treatment. In this study, the feasibility of using feather waste as cheap alternative nitrogen source of alkaliphilic Bacillus agaradhaerens C9 to produce bioflocculant was investigated. The results showed that strain C9 could simultaneously produce keratinase and bioflocculant, and thereby producing bioflocculant (named as BFF) using feather waste as cheap nitrogen source. The optimal fermentation conditions for enzymatic hydrolysis of feather waste and BFF production was 40 g/L feather wastes, 16 g/L glucose, 37 °C and pH 9.5, and the highest yield of 2.5 g/L was obtained. Moreover, BFF was used to flocculate straw ash-washing wastewater which exhibits low-density and high pH properties, and the highest flocculating rate of 93.1% was achieved when 6.0 mg/L BFF was added. This study reported for the first time that feather waste was used as inexpensive alternative nitrogen source for producing bioflocculant which could treat straw ash-washing wastewater, thereby promoting the resourceful utilization of feather waste and the reuse of straw ash-washing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhen Dong
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Di Sun
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qinxin Dong
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shiwei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xian, 710069, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jingrong Zhu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu Province, China.
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26
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Luo F, Wu Z, Wang M, Shu X, Jia P, Li Q. High-Performance Flocculants for Purification: Solving the Problem of Waste Incineration Bottom Ash and Unpurified Water. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13259-13267. [PMID: 32548512 PMCID: PMC7288717 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The silicon-aluminum-iron flocculant (PAFSi) combines the most abundant resources of waste incineration bottom ash and unpurified water, being regarded as one of the most promising approaches toward water purification. Herein, in this research, waste incineration bottom ash was employed to produce a cost-effective and highly efficient flocculant. PAFSi with a particle size of 214 nm and a zeta potential of 8.63 mV reached the optimum performance using a dosage of 2 mL/50 mL at pH from 8 to 11. The results with the copolymer exhibited the following: (1) a good flocculation efficiency over a wide pH range, (2) superior flocculation performance compared to those of polyaluminum chloride and polyferric sulfate, (3) three-dimensional branching structure of PAFSi micelles with a high aggregation degree, (4) charge neutralization and bridging as the main flocculation mechanism, and (5) recycling the floc. Thus, this work provides an attractive solution to the pressing global clean water shortage problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Luo
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University
of Agriculture and Engineering, No. 501 Zhongkai Road, Pearl District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510225, P.R. China
| | - Ziqian Wu
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University
of Agriculture and Engineering, No. 501 Zhongkai Road, Pearl District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510225, P.R. China
| | - Mingjie Wang
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University
of Agriculture and Engineering, No. 501 Zhongkai Road, Pearl District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510225, P.R. China
| | - Xugang Shu
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University
of Agriculture and Engineering, No. 501 Zhongkai Road, Pearl District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510225, P.R. China
- Guangdong Province
Key Laboratory of Waterfowl Healthy Breeding, No. 501 Zhongkai Road, Pearl District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510225, China
| | - Puyou Jia
- Institute of Chemical
Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy
of Forestry (CAF), 16
Suojin North Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210042, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoguang Li
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Zhongkai University
of Agriculture and Engineering, No. 501 Zhongkai Road, Pearl District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510225, P.R. China
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27
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Flocculation activity and evaluation of chitosan-based flocculant CMCTS-g-P(AM-CA) for heavy metal removal. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Proskurina VE, Shilova SV, Kashina ES, Rakhmatullina AP, Galyametdinov YG. Flocculation of Titanium Dioxide with Functionalized Citrus Pectin. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s107042722002010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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29
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Preparation and Characterization of Photoactive Anatase TiO2 from Algae Bloomed Surface Water. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10040452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to effectively treat algae bloomed water while using a Ti-based coagulant (TiCl4) and recover photoactive novel anatase TiO2 from the flocculated sludge. Conventional jar tests were conducted in order to evaluate the coagulation efficiency, and TiCl4 was found superior compared to commercially available poly aluminum chloride (PAC). At a dose of 0.3 g Ti/L, the removal rate of turbidity, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphorus (TP) were measured as 99.8%, 66.7%, and 96.9%, respectively. Besides, TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were recovered from the flocculated sludge and scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscope (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed the presence of only anatase phase. The recovered TiO2 was found to be effective in removing gaseous CH3CHO and NOx under UV-A lamp at a light intensity of 10 W/m2. Additionally, the TiO2 mixed mortar blocks that were prepared in this study successfully removed atmospheric nitrogen oxide (NOx) under UV irradiance. This study is one of the first to prepare anatase TiO2 from flocculated algal sludge and it showed promising results. Further research on this novel TiO2 concerning internal chemical bonds and shift in the absorbance spectrum could explore several practical implications.
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Grigoriev TE, Lukanina KI, Gotovtsev PM, Gorin KV, Melnikova AA, Antipova CG, Kamyshinsky R, Chvalun SN. Chitosan‐based fiber‐sponge materials as a promising tool for microalgae harvesting from Lake Baikal. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Timofei E. Grigoriev
- Department of Nanobiomaterials and StructuresNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
| | - Ksenia I. Lukanina
- Department of Nanobiomaterials and StructuresNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
| | - Pavel M. Gotovtsev
- Biotechnology and Bioenergy DepartmentNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
| | - Kirill V. Gorin
- Biotechnology and Bioenergy DepartmentNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
| | - Anna A. Melnikova
- Biotechnology and Bioenergy DepartmentNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
| | - Christina G. Antipova
- Department of Nanobiomaterials and StructuresNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
| | - Roman Kamyshinsky
- Resource Centre for Probe and Electron Microscopy, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre “Crystallography and Photonics”Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia
| | - Sergei N. Chvalun
- Department of Nanobiomaterials and StructuresNational Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute” Moscow Russia
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Choi HJ, Lee SY. Use of hybrid microcapsules, chitosan-methyl esterified sericite-tannin, for the removal of harmful lake algae and nutrient. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:822-831. [PMID: 30102126 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1511753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper outlines the development of a novel, low-cost, hybrid material from chitosan-methyl esterified sericite-tannin. The adsorbent material is then successfully utilized for the efficient removal of lake nutrients and harmful algae. In a FT-IR analysis, peaks related to -OH stretching, carbonyl and carboxylic groups, and CH stretching were newly created or expanded, and microcapsules were found to facilitate the removal of harmful algae and nutrients. The hybrid microcapsules obtained high removal efficiencies of 98% TN, 98% TP, and 99% Chl-a from the lake water by a quantity of hybrid microcapsules of 1 g/L, pH (7-8), and 30 min contact time at (25-30)°C. In addition, the experimental data were applied to various harmful algae growth models and were most suitable for the Heldane model. Based on the above results, microcapsules can be applied in the field, and can be expected to rapidly remove nutrients and harmful algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jeong Choi
- Department of Health and Environment, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yun Lee
- Department of Physics, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon-si, Republic of Korea
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Chen W, Rong X, Peng J, Tang Q, Luo H, Fan L, Feng K, Zheng H. Assessment of a novel nanostructured flocculant with elevated flocculation and antimicrobial activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124736. [PMID: 31494326 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel process involving the preparation of nanochitosan-grafted flocculants (CPAM-g-NCS) to treat low turbid and salmonella suspensions simultaneously was introduced. Nanotechnology was employed to enhance the adsorption-adhesion and sterilization abilities of dual-functional flocculants. The monomers of chitosan, acrylamide, methacryloyl ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, and sodium tripolyphosphate were utilized for flocculants copolymerization. Then, using fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum, and thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry analysis, the successful synthesis of CPAM-g-NCS was verified. Scanning electron microscopy and size analysis suggested that nanostructured flocculants with irregular morphology and nanocolloids of 60.44 nm were formed. CPAM-g-NCS was applied to treat a series of simulated low turbid and salmonella suspensions. The simulation results showed that the minimum residual turbidity of 1.97 NTU and optical density of 0.16 (initial 0.89) can be achieved at dosages of 2.5 and 8.75 mg L-1, respectively, which were superior to conventional organics flocculants. Mechanistic studies suggested that the excellent adsorption property, and large numbers of quaternary ammonium and amino groups of nanoflocculants contributed to the superior flocculation and antibacterial performance of CPAM-g-NCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China.
| | - Xiang Rong
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Jiujing Peng
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Qian Tang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Hongbing Luo
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Liangqian Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China; Sichuan Higher Education Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Village Construction, Department of Municipal Engineering, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Keqin Feng
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611830, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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Sun Y, Chen A, Pan SY, Sun W, Zhu C, Shah KJ, Zheng H. Novel chitosan-based flocculants for chromium and nickle removal in wastewater via integrated chelation and flocculation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 248:109241. [PMID: 31306928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Carboxylated chitosan (CPCTS) is used as substrates in the design and synthesis of CPCTS-based flocculants through UV-initiated polymerization techniques. The synthesized flocculants are applied to remove Cr and Ni ions from chromic acid lotion and electroplating wastewater through two-stage flocculation. This study investigates the effect of flocculant dosage, pH, reaction time, and stirring speed on the removal efficiency of Cr and Ni ions. Results indicated that the total Cr removal ratios by CPCTS-graft-polyacrylamide-co-sodium xanthate (CAC) and CPCTS-graft-poly [acrylamide-2-Acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid] (CPCTS-g-P(AM-AMPS)) are 94.7% and 94.6%, respectively. The total Ni removal efficiencies by CAC and CPCTS-g-P(AM-AMPS) are 99.3% and 99.4%, respectively. The two-stage flocculation with CPCTS-based flocculants could reduce the total concentrations of Cr and Ni to 1.0 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L, respectively. The relationship of removal capacity and structural properties between the flocculants with different functional groups is established through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The micro-interfacial behavior between the colloidal particles and the solution during the integrated chelation-flocculation are elucidated. Thus, CPCTS-based flocculants could be a potential material for the removal of high amounts of Cr and Ni ions in industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China.
| | - Aowen Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Shu-Yuan Pan
- Department of Bioenvironmental System Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, 10617, Taiwan; Carbon Cycle Research Center, Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou-Shan Road, Taipei City, 10673, Taiwan
| | - Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chengyu Zhu
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Kinjal J Shah
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China; Carbon Cycle Research Center, Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Taiwan University, 71 Chou-Shan Road, Taipei City, 10673, Taiwan
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
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Yue TT, Han B, Wang X, Bai L, Feng W. Instantaneous Visible-light Photochromic Performance of Composite Powders Based on PMoA and ZnO Nanotubes. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tong-tong Yue
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
| | - Bing Han
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Li Bai
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun 130118, P. R. China
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You Z, Zhuang C, Sun Y, Zhang S, Zheng H. Efficient Removal of TiO2 Nanoparticles by Enhanced Flocculation–Coagulation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyang You
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Chang Zhuang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Shujuan Zhang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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Combination of Coagulation and Ozone Catalytic Oxidation for Pretreating Coking Wastewater. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16101705. [PMID: 31096662 PMCID: PMC6572503 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, coagulation, ozone (O3) catalytic oxidation, and their combined process were used to pretreat actual coking wastewater. The effects on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and phenol in coking wastewater were investigated. Results showed that the optimum reaction conditions were an O3 mass flow rate of 4.1 mg min−1, a reaction temperature of 35 °C, a catalyst dosage ratio of 5:1, and a O3 dosage of 500 mg·L−1. The phenol removal ratio was 36.8% for the coagulation and sedimentation of coking wastewater under optimal conditions of 25 °C of reaction temperature, 7.5 reaction pH, 150 reaction gradient (G) value, and 500 mg·L−1 coagulant dosage. The removal ratios of COD and phenol reached 24.06% and 2.18%, respectively. After the O3-catalyzed oxidation treatment, the phenols, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds were degraded to varying degrees. Coagulation and O3 catalytic oxidation contributed to the removal of phenol and COD. The optimum reaction conditions for the combined process were as follows: O3 dosage of 500 mg·L−1, O3 mass flow of 4.1 mg·min−1, catalyst dosage ratio of 5:1, and reaction temperature of 35 °C. The removal ratios of phenol and COD reached 47.3% and 30.7%, respectively.
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Sun Y, Shah KJ, Sun W, Zheng H. Performance evaluation of chitosan-based flocculants with good pH resistance and high heavy metals removal capacity. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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38
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Sun Y, Sun W, Shah KJ, Chiang PC, Zheng H. Characterization and flocculation evaluation of a novel carboxylated chitosan modified flocculant by UV initiated polymerization. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 208:213-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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39
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Chen L, Sun Y, Sun W, Shah KJ, Xu Y, Zheng H. Efficient cationic flocculant MHCS-g-P(AM-DAC) synthesized by UV-induced polymerization for algae removal. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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40
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Shi C, Sun W, Sun Y, Chen L, Xu Y, Tang M. Synthesis, Characterization, and Sludge Dewaterability Evaluation of the Chitosan-Based Flocculant CCPAD. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E95. [PMID: 30960079 PMCID: PMC6402025 DOI: 10.3390/polym11010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), acrylamide, and methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride were used as co-monomers to produce a sludge dewatering agent carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-poly(acrylamide-methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) (CCPAD) by UV-induced graft polymerization. Single-factor experiments and response surface methodology were employed to investigate and optimize the grafting rate, grafting efficiency, and intrinsic viscosity influenced by the total monomer concentration, CMCS concentration, cationic degree, pH value, and illumination time. The structure, surface morphology, and thermal stability of CCPAD were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and differential thermal-thermogravimetry. The raw sludge with 97.9% water content was sourced from the concentrated tank of a sewage treatment plant and used in the sludge condition experiments. In addition, CCPAD was applied as the sludge conditioner to investigate the effects of cationic degree, intrinsic viscosity, and pH on the supernatant turbidity, moisture content, specific resistance to filtration, and sludge settling ratio. Moreover, the mechanism of sludge conditioning by CCPAD was discussed by examining the zeta potential and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) content of the supernatant. The sludge dewatering results confirmed that CCPAD had excellent performance for improving sludge dewaterability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhong Shi
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Bejing, Bejing 100083, China.
| | - Wenquan Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yongjun Sun
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Lei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction, College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Yanhua Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Industrial Water-Conservation & Emission Reduction, College of Environment, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
| | - Mengdan Tang
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211800, China.
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42
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Liu B, Zheng H, Wang Y, Chen X, Zhao C, An Y, Tang X. A novel carboxyl-rich chitosan-based polymer and its application for clay flocculation and cationic dye removal. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 640-641:107-115. [PMID: 29859427 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Due to the complexity of contaminants, the effectiveness of traditional flocculants toward water purification is insufficient. To break the limitation, a novel polymer flocculant [chitosan grafted poly (acrylamide-itaconic acid), CS-g-P(AM-IA)] was synthesized via ultraviolet-initiated graft copolymerization reaction. Characterization results revealed that the graft copolymers were successfully synthesized and with rougher surface structure. The solubility of CS-g-P(AM-IA) and chitosan grafted polyacrylamide (CS-g-PAM) were greatly improved and they can dissolve in the wide pH range of 2.0-12.0. CaCl2 was used as a source of cation bridge to enhance the flocculation of kaolin particles, and its optimum dosage was 150 mg·L-1. At dosage of 30 mg·L-1 and pH of 5.0, the turbidity removal efficiency of CS-g-P(AM-IA) reached the maximum of 93.8%, whereas those of CS-g-PAM and CS were 96.7% and 76.9%, respectively. The patchwise adsorption of ionic groups embedded in the molecular chain on Ca2+-clay complexes took effect to generate flocs with larger particle size. Besides, the decolorization ability of cationic dyes by CS-g-P(AM-IA) was greatly enhanced due to the role of abundant carboxyl groups. In the crystal violet (CV) adsorption experiment, the maximum CV dye removal efficiency for CS-g-P(AM-IA) reached the maximum of 81.6% at dosage of 0.7 mg·mL-1 and pH of 9.0, while those for CS-g-PAM and CS were 51.7% and 36.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Disaster Dynamics and Control, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China; Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yanyan An
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xiaomin Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, State Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; Chongqing Key laboratory of Catalysis and Environmental New Materials, College of Environment and Resources, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China
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Synthesis and Characterization of Ampholytic Flocculant CPCTS-g-P (CTA-DMDAAC) and Its Flocculation Properties for Microcystis Aeruginosa Removal. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6050054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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44
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Ma J, Shi J, Ding L, Zhang H, Zhou S, Wang Q, Fu X, Jiang L, Fu K. Removal of emulsified oil from water using hydrophobic modified cationic polyacrylamide flocculants synthesized from low-pressure UV initiation. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Liu Y, Zheng H, Wang Y, Zheng X, Wang M, Ren J, Zhao C. Synthesis of a cationic polyacrylamide by a photocatalytic surface-initiated method and evaluation of its flocculation and dewatering performance: nano-TiO2 as a photo initiator. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28329-28340. [PMID: 35542495 PMCID: PMC9084301 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra05622f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of complex water quality changes, the application of existing cationic polyacrylamide has been largely limited. In this study, a series of cationic polyacrylamides (TPADs) with excellent flocculation/dewatering performance and low dosage were synthesized through photocatalytic surface initiation using acrylamide (AM) and acryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) as monomers and nano-TiO2 as an initiator. Characterization using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry (TG/DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the structural and morphological properties of TPADs. The initiation mechanism was described and the study on the properties of TPADs shows that the initiation method could obtain the copolymer with extra-high intrinsic viscosity. Furthermore, the flocculation and dewatering performance of TPADs and PADs were investigated in the micro-polluted low turbidity water flocculation test and sludge dewatering test. The application experimental results indicated that TPADs showed satisfactory turbidity removal and sludge dewatering performance by virtue of strong charge neutralization and a bridging effect. The excellent flocculation/dewatering performance was attributed to the photocatalytic surface-initiated method and the nano-TiO2 initiator. Therefore, it is expected to open up new initiation methods in the synthesis of polymeric flocculants for a broad variety of applications. In the face of complex water quality changes, the application of existing cationic polyacrylamide has been largely limited.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongzhi Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Yili Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering
- Research Center for Water Pollution Source Control and Eco-remediation
- Beijing Forestry University
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Xinyu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Moxi Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Jie Ren
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
| | - Chuanliang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment
- Ministry of Education
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 400045
- PR China
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