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Qu M, Guang X, Chen J, Zhao Y, Huang B, Wang M, Wang H, Wang Y. Soil environmental carrying capacity and its spatial high-precision accounting framework. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 938:173620. [PMID: 38815834 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Human activity intensity should be controlled within the carrying capacity of soil units, which is crucial for environmental sustainability. However, the existing assessment methods for soil environmental carrying capacity (SECC) rarely consider the relationship between human activity intensity and pollutant emissions, making it difficult to provide effective early warning of human activity intensity. Moreover, there is a lack of spatial high-precision accounting methods for SECC. This study first established a spatial soil environmental capacity (SEC) model based on the pollutant thresholds corresponding to the specific protection target. Next, a spatial net-input flux model was proposed based on soil pollutants' input/output fluxes. Then, the quantitative relationship between human activity intensity and pollutant emissions was established and further incorporated into the SECC model. Finally, the spatial high-precision accounting framework of SECC was proposed. The methodology was used to assess the SECC for the copper production capacity in a typical copper smelting area in China. The results showed that (i) the average SECs for Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, As and Cr are 427.89, 16.84, 306.41, 376.8, 71.63, and 392.7 kg hm-2, respectively; (ii) heavy metal (HM) concentrations and land-use types jointly influence the spatial distribution pattern of SEC; (iii) atmospheric deposition is the dominant HM input pathway and the high net-input fluxes are mainly located in the southeast of the study area; (iv) with the current human activity intensity for 50 years, the average SECs for Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, As and Cr are 202.31, 1.71, 20.9, 66.15, 36.73, and 3 kg hm-2, respectively; and (v) to maintain the protection target at the acceptable risk level within 50 years, the SECC for the increased copper production capacity is 1.53 × 106 t. This study provided an effective tool for early warning of human activity intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkai Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China.
| | - Xu Guang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Jian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Yongcun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Biao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
| | - Meie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yujun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 211135, China
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Aljumialy AM, Al-Rawi AS, Saod WM, Al-Heety EA. Ecological and health risk assessment of heavy metals in interior dust from college campus. ANAL SCI 2024:10.1007/s44211-024-00627-2. [PMID: 38971934 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00627-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Contamination of college campus dust with heavy metals and the calculation of their ecological and health risks to the students and staff did not receive much attention except in recent years. This study aims to assess the ecological and human health risks of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in interior dust of College of Science/University campus. An atomic absorption spectrophotometer was utilized to estimate the samples that were collected from 46 locations of the college campus including: classrooms, offices, and laboratories. The Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn metals in the interior dust of the College of Science pose low potential ecological risk, whereas Cd generates medium potential ecological risk. The gained results showed that the student and staff of the College are exposed to low non-cancerous health risks (HI < 1) caused by Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn in interior dust. The total lifetime carcinogenic risks (TLCR) of Cd, Cr, and Pb are within the acceptable safe limit (10-6-10-4). The low non-carcinogenic health risks of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn and that the carcinogenic health risks of Cd, Cr and Pb fall within acceptable safe limits, measured in the interior dust of the campus of the College of Science, does not mean neglecting the continuous assessment of those risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam M Aljumialy
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Applied Science, University of Fallujah, Fallujah, Iraq.
| | - Ahmed S Al-Rawi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Wahran M Saod
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
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Zeeshan N, Murtaza G, Ahmad HR, Awan AN, Shahbaz M, Freer-Smith P. Particulate and gaseous air pollutants exceed WHO guideline values and have the potential to damage human health in Faisalabad, Metropolitan, Pakistan. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:659. [PMID: 38916809 PMCID: PMC11199306 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12763-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
First-ever measurements of particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10, and TSP) along with gaseous pollutants (CO, NO2, and SO2) were performed from June 2019 to April 2020 in Faisalabad, Metropolitan, Pakistan, to assess their seasonal variations; Summer 2019, Autumn 2019, Winter 2019-2020, and Spring 2020. Pollutant measurements were carried out at 30 locations with a 3-km grid distance from the Sitara Chemical Industry in District Faisalabad to Bhianwala, Sargodha Road, Tehsil Lalian, District Chiniot. ArcGIS 10.8 was used to interpolate pollutant concentrations using the inverse distance weightage method. PM2.5, PM10, and TSP concentrations were highest in summer, and lowest in autumn or winter. CO, NO2, and SO2 concentrations were highest in summer or spring and lowest in winter. Seasonal average NO2 and SO2 concentrations exceeded WHO annual air quality guide values. For all 4 seasons, some sites had better air quality than others. Even in these cleaner sites air quality index (AQI) was unhealthy for sensitive groups and the less good sites showed Very critical AQI (> 500). Dust-bound carbon and sulfur contents were higher in spring (64 mg g-1) and summer (1.17 mg g-1) and lower in autumn (55 mg g-1) and winter (1.08 mg g-1). Venous blood analysis of 20 individuals showed cadmium and lead concentrations higher than WHO permissible limits. Those individuals exposed to direct roadside pollution for longer periods because of their occupation tended to show higher Pb and Cd blood concentrations. It is concluded that air quality along the roadside is extremely poor and potentially damaging to the health of exposed workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nukshab Zeeshan
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Hamaad Raza Ahmad
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nasir Awan
- Department of Structures and Environmental Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Peter Freer-Smith
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Luo H, Wang P, Wang Q, Lyu X, Zhang E, Yang X, Han G, Zang L. Pollution sources and risk assessment of potentially toxic elements in soils of multiple land use types in the arid zone of Northwest China based on Monte Carlo simulation. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 279:116479. [PMID: 38768539 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in soils of different land-use types varies depending on climatic conditions and human. Topsoil samples were collected in Northwest China to investigate PTE pollution and risk in different land uses, and thereby estimate the risk of various pollution sources. The results showed that human activity had an impact on PTE concentrations in the study area across all land use types, with farmland, grassland, woodland, and the gobi at moderate pollution levels and the desert at light pollution levels. Different PTE sources pose different risks depending on the land-use type. Apart from deserts, children are exposed to carcinogenic risk from a variety of sources. A mixed natural and agricultural source was the main source of public health risk in the study area, contributing 38.7% and 39.0% of the non-carcinogenic and 40.7% and 35.5% of the carcinogenic risks, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations showed children were at a higher health risk from PTEs than adult s under all land uses, which ranked in severity as farmland > woodland > grassland > gobi > desert. As and Ni has a higher probability of posing both a non-carcinogenic and a carcinogenic risk to children. Sensitivity analysis showed that the contribution of parameters to the assessment model of PTEs exhibited the following contribution pattern: concentration > average body weight > ingestion rate > other parameters. The PTEs affecting the risk assessment model were not common among different land use types, where the importance distribution pattern of each parameter was basically the same in woodland, grassland, and farmland, and Ni contributed the most to carcinogenic risk. However, Cr contributed the most to the carcinogenic risk in the desert and gobi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Luo
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Peihao Wang
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Qingzheng Wang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaodong Lyu
- College of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China; Key Laboratory of Yellow River Water Environment in Gansu Province, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Erya Zhang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xinyue Yang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Guojun Han
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
| | - Longfei Zang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730070, China
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Nath A, Paul B, Deka P. Chemical characterization of road dust during diwali festival in Guwahati city of Assam, Northeast India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:484. [PMID: 38684530 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12628-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The present study focuses on the elemental analysis of road dust in Guwahati, the largest city of Assam and the largest metropolis of Northeast India during the Diwali festival. Road dust samples were collected on pre-Diwali (PD), the Day after Diwali (DaD), and one week after Diwali (WaD) from two sites (Lankeshwar; LKW and Patharquarry; PTQ). Three composite samples were collected from 3 points at each site. The elemental concentration was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentrations of Ba and Sr increased by 1.6 and 1.7 times, respectively, after Diwali. Among other firework-related elements (FREs), Mg, Al, K, and Cu increased at LKW following Diwali (both DaD and WaD), whereas Mg, Al, and K increased in DaD dust at PTQ. The average concentration of Traffic Related Elements (TREs) at PTQ was significantly higher than at LKW (p < 0.05; 75.40 mg/kg vs 63.96 mg/kg). Cd had the highest enrichment (EF), followed by Ni and Zn. EF for Cd, Ni, and Zn ranged from high to extremely high enrichment. Ni and Cd exhibited moderate contamination (CF). The ecological risk (ER) values for Cd at LKW and PTQ were 54.32 and 56.71, respectively, indicating a moderate ER. Pearson's correlation was performed to study the relationship between elements, while PCA analysis was used to identify the main sources of these elements. Although the health hazard indices presently do not suggest any immediate danger, hazard quotient (HQ) values for ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposure were higher for children than adults. In children, the contribution of HQing to HI (total risk) was the highest, accounting for more than 65% of all elements. There is no apparent lifetime cancer risk due to road dust exposure through inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamika Nath
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Baishali Paul
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Pratibha Deka
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Napaam-784028, Tezpur, Assam, India.
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Sultana N, Eti SA, Hossain ML, Li J, Salam MA. Tracing and source fingerprinting of metals from the southern coastal sediments in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:27846-27863. [PMID: 38519615 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32684-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Trace element pollution from anthropogenic sources is increasingly widespread. This pollution in terrestrial environments threatens agricultural crop production, while in aquatic environments, it threatens fish cultivation. The contamination of these crucial food sources raises significant concerns regarding food safety, security, and its potential adverse effects on human health. Coastal areas are particularly vulnerable to heavy metal pollution due to their proximity to industrial and urban centres, as well as their susceptibility to contamination from marine sources. In attempting to identify the sources of heavy metals (As, Cu, Cr, Cd, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) and measure their contributions, we collected soil samples from thirty sites along the three coastal districts (Patuakhali, Barguna, and Bhola) in Bangladesh. Using atomic absorption spectroscopy, heavy metal concentrations in soil samples were measured and three receptor models (PMF, PCA-MLR, and UNMIX) were applied to detect their sources. Pairwise correlation analysis of metal concentrations in 30 sites across 3 coastal districts showed all possible patterns, including both significant and insignificant positive and negative relationships between different metals, except for As and Hg which did not display any significant relationships with other metals. The concentrations of Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn exceed the US-EPA sediment quality standard. The applied PCA-MLR, PMF, and UNMIX models identified several sources of heavy metal contamination, including (i) mixed anthropogenic and natural activities: contribution of 59%, 37%, and 43%, and (ii) vehicle emissions: contribution of 23%, 26% and 29%. The recognized metal sources should be prioritised to avoid the discharge of poisonous pollutants from anthropogenic factors and any possible future exposure. This study's findings have implications for ongoing monitoring and management of heavy metal contamination in coastal environments to mitigate potential health and ecological impacts and can inform policy development and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niger Sultana
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Shamima Akther Eti
- Fibre and Polymer Research Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR) Laboratories, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Lokman Hossain
- Department of Geography, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Environment Protection Technology, German University Bangladesh, Gazipur, Bangladesh
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mohammed Abdus Salam
- Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.
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Du H, Lu X, Han X. Spatial distribution characteristics and source apportionment of heavy metal(loid)s in park dust in the Mianyang urban area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:104. [PMID: 38438597 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-024-01901-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Park dust is a carrier of heavy metal pollutants and could potentially harm the health of urban residents. The concentrations of 10 heavy metal(loid)s (HMs) in park dust from the Mianyang urban area were analysed via X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Based on ArcGIS spatial analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, the spatial distribution and sources of HMs in park dust were studied. The average contents of Zn, Co, Cu, Cr, Pb, and Ba in park dust were 185.0, 33.7, 38.7, 178.7, 51.0, and 662.1 mg/kg, respectively, which are higher than the reference values. The 10 HMs exhibited obvious spatial distribution and local spatial agglomeration patterns. High concentrations of As and Pb were primarily concentrated in the eastern part of the Mianyang urban area. High concentrations of Zn, Cr, and Cu were largely distributed in parks near the Changjiang River and Fujiang River. A high concentration of Co was concentrated in the northern region. The high-value areas of Mn, Ba, V, and Ni occurred far from the city centre and were located in the southwestern region. We found that Pb and As primarily originated from mixed traffic and natural sources; Zn, Cr, and Cu mainly originated from industrial activities; Co largely originated from building sources; and Ba, Ni, Mn, and V were mostly derived from natural sources. Mixed, industrial, building, and natural sources accounted for 24.5%, 24.8%, 24.7%, and 26.0%, respectively, of the HM sources. Co, Cu, Cr, and Zn in the Mianyang urban area were obviously influenced by human activities and should receive close attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaming Du
- School of Resource and Environment Engineering, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang, 621000, China
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
| | - Xiufeng Han
- College of Resources and Environment, Baotou Normal College, Baotou, 014030, China
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Yang ZY, Liu H, Li JY, Bao YB, Yang J, Li L, Zhao ZY, Zheng QX, Xiang P. Road dust exposure and human corneal damage in a plateau high geological background provincial capital city: Spatial distribution, sources, bioaccessibility, and cytotoxicity of dust heavy metals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169140. [PMID: 38070561 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Ocular surface diseases are common in the plateau city, Kunming China, the continued daily exposure to heavy metals in dust may be an important inducement. In this study, the 150 road dust samples from five functional areas in Kunming were collected. The concentrations, distribution, possible sources, and bioaccessibility of heavy metals were analyzed. The adverse effects of dust extracts on human corneal epithelial cells and the underlying mechanisms were also assessed. The concentrations (mg·kg-1) of As (19.1), Cd (2.67), Cr (90.5), Cu (123), Pb (78.4), and Zn (389) in road dust were higher than the soil background, with commercial and residential areas showing the highest pollution. Their bioaccessibility in artificial tears was As (6.59 %) > Cu (5.11 %) > Ni (1.47 %) > Cr (1.17 %) > Mn (0.84 %) > Cd (0.76 %) > Zn (0.50 %) > Pb (0.31 %). The two main sources of heavy metals included tire and mechanical abrasion (24.5 %) and traffic exhaust (21.6 %). All dust extracts induced cytotoxicity, evidenced by stronger inhibition of cell viability, higher production of ROS, and altered mRNA expression of antioxidant enzymes and cell cycle-related genes, with commercial- areas-2 (CA2)-dust extract showing the greatest oxidative damage and cell cycle arrest. Our data may provide new evidence that dust exposure in high geological background cities could trigger human cornea damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yue Yang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Hai Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Eye Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Jing-Ya Li
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Ya-Bo Bao
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Ji Yang
- Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Eye Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Li Li
- Precious Metal Testing Co. LTD of Yunnan Gold Mining Group, Kunming 650215, China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhao
- Precious Metal Testing Co. LTD of Yunnan Gold Mining Group, Kunming 650215, China
| | - Qin-Xiang Zheng
- The Affiliated Ningbo Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo 315040, China.
| | - Ping Xiang
- Institute of Environmental Remediation and Human Health, School of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
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Khajooee N, Modabberi S, Khoshmanesh Zadeh B, Razavian F, Gayà-Caro N, Sierra J, Rovira J. Contamination level, spatial distribution, and sources of potentially toxic elements in indoor settled household dusts in Tehran, Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:56. [PMID: 38270787 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Tehran, the capital city of Iran, has been facing air pollution for several decades due to rapid urbanization, population growth, improper vehicle use, and the low quality of fuels. In this study, 31 indoor dust samples were collected passively from residential and commercial buildings located in the central and densely populated districts of the city. These samples were analyzed after preparation to measure the concentration of elements (As, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Se, Sr, V, Zn). Statistical data analyses were employed to compare their relationship across various uses, variations, and for source identification. Geochemical indices of contamination factor (CF) and pollution load index (PLI) were utilized to evaluate the degree of contamination. The mean concentrations of Zn, Cu, and Pb (938, 206, and 176 µg g-1, respectively) are 6, 5, and 3 times higher than their mean values in worldwide urban soils. Additionally, Cd, Mo, and Ni showed concentrations about 1.5 times higher, while As, Co, Cr, Mn, and Sr fell within the range of reference soils. Be, V, and Sb displayed remarkably lower mean values. Building use did not significantly influence element levels in indoor deposited dust except for Pb and Zn. A comparison of indoor concentrations with previously published data for outdoor dusts revealed higher enrichments of Mo, Cu, Pb, and Ni, while As, Cd, and Zn showed lower enrichments in street dust samples. The order of CF values indicated Hg > Zn > Cd > Pb > Cu > As > Ni > Cr > Co > V. For Hg, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu, all or almost all samples exhibited very high contamination. PLI values were consistently higher than 1, indicating contamination in all samples. Multivariate statistical analysis and Tehran's specific geological location suggested that mafic-intermediate volcanic rocks are primary sources for Cr, Cu, Fe, and Ni (PC1). As, Pb, and V (PC2) were attributed to fossil fuel combustion in vehicles and residential buildings. Pb is a legacy metal remaining from the use of leaded gasoline, which was phased out in the 1990s. Zn (PC3) is derived from vehicle tires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Khajooee
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soroush Modabberi
- School of Geology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Behnoush Khoshmanesh Zadeh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Razavian
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nuria Gayà-Caro
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology - TecnATox, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jordi Sierra
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de Barcelona, Joan XXIII s/n Avenue, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology - TecnATox, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Rovira
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
- Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Paisos Catalans Avenue 26, 43007, Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain
- Center of Environmental, Food and Toxicological Technology - TecnATox, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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Liu X, Peng C, Zhou Z, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Xiao X. Impacts of land use/cover and slope on the spatial distribution and ecological risk of trace metals in soils affected by smelting emissions. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 196:53. [PMID: 38110584 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-12237-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The soil contamination around smelting sites shows high spatial heterogeneity. This study investigated the impacts of distance, land use/cover types, land slopes, wind direction, and soil properties on the distribution and ecological risk of trace metals in the soil around a copper smelter. The results demonstrated that the average concentrations of As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were 248.0, 16.8, 502.4, 885.6, and 250.2 g mg kg-1, respectively, higher than their background values. The hotspots of trace metals were primarily distributed in the soil of smelting production areas, runoff pollution areas, and areas in the dominant wind direction. The concentrations of trace metals decreased with the distance to the smelting production area. An exponential decay regression revealed that, depending on the metal species, the influence distances of smelting emissions on trace metals in soil ranged from 450 to 1000 m. Land use/cover types and land slopes significantly affected trace element concentrations in the soil around the smelter. High concentrations of trace metals were observed in farmland, grassland, and flatland areas. The average concentrations of trace metals in the soil decreased in the order of flat land > gentle slope > steep slope. Soil pH values were significantly positively correlated with Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As, and SOM was significantly positively correlated with Cd, Pb, and Zn in the soil. Trace metals in the soil of the study area posed a significant ecological risk. The primary factors influencing the distribution of ecological risk, as determined by the Ctree analysis, were land slope, soil pH, and distance to the source. These results can support the rapid identification of high-risk sites and facilitate risk prevention and control around smelting sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Chi Peng
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China.
| | - Ziruo Zhou
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhichao Jiang
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
| | - Xiyuan Xiao
- School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, China
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11
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Lu X, Wang Z, Chen Y, Yang Y, Fan X, Wang L, Yu B, Lei K, Zuo L, Fan P, Liang T, Cho JW, Antoniadis V, Rinklebe J. Source-specific probabilistic risk evaluation of potentially toxic metal(loid)s in fine dust of college campuses based on positive matrix factorization and Monte Carlo simulation. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 347:119056. [PMID: 37757688 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Contamination, hazard level and source of 10 widely concerned potentially toxic metal(loid)s (PTMs) Co, As, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Ba, and V in fine dust with particle size below 63 μm (FD63) were investigated to assess the environmental quality of college campuses and influencing factors. PTMs sources were qualitatively analyzed using statistical methods and quantitatively apportioned using positive matrix factorization. Probabilistic contamination degrees of PTMs were evaluated using enrichment factor and Nemerow integrated enrichment factor. Eco-health risk levels of content-oriented and source-oriented for PTMs were evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. Mean levels of Zn (643.8 mg kg-1), Pb (146.0 mg kg-1), Cr (145.9 mg kg-1), Cu (95.5 mg kg-1), and Ba (804.2 mg kg-1) in FD63 were significantly larger than soil background values. The possible sources of the concerned PTMs in FD63 were traffic non-exhaust emissions, natural source, mixed source (auto repair waste, paints and pigments) and traffic exhaust emissions, which accounted for 45.7%, 25.4%, 14.5% and 14.4% of total PTMs contents, respectively. Comprehensive contamination levels of PTMs were very high, mainly caused by Zn pollution and non-exhaust emissions. Combined ecological risk levels of PTMs were low and moderate, chiefly caused by Pb and traffic exhaust emissions. The non-cancer risks of the PTMs in FD63 to college students fell within safety level, while the carcinogenic PTMs in FD63 had a certain cancer risks to college students. The results of source-specific health risk assessment indicated that Cr and As were the priority PTMs, and the mixed source was the priority pollution source of PTMs in FD63 from college campuses, which should be paid attention to by the local government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Zhenze Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yurong Chen
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yufan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Xinyao Fan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Kai Lei
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an, 710065, China
| | - Ling Zuo
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Peng Fan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Tao Liang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jin Woo Cho
- Department of Environment, Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Vasileios Antoniadis
- Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Greece
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany.
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12
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Das M, Proshad R, Chandra K, Islam M, Abdullah Al M, Baroi A, Idris AM. Heavy metals contamination, receptor model-based sources identification, sources-specific ecological and health risks in road dust of a highly developed city. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:8633-8662. [PMID: 37682507 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01736-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study quantified Ni, Cu, Cr, Pb, Cd, As, Zn, and Fe levels in road dust collected from a variety of sites in Tangail, Bangladesh. The goal of this study was to use a matrix factorization model to identify the specific origin of these components and to evaluate the ecological and health hazards associated with each potential origin. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine the concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, As, Zn, Cd, and Fe. The average concentrations of these elements were found to be 30.77 ± 8.80, 25.17 ± 6.78, 39.49 ± 12.53, 28.74 ± 7.84, 1.90 ± 0.79, 158.30 ± 28.25, 2.42 ± 0.69, and 18,185.53 ± 4215.61 mg/kg, respectively. Compared to the top continental crust, the mean values of Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were 1.09, 1.69, 2.36, and 26.88 times higher, respectively. According to the Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI), pollution load index (PLI), Nemerow integrated risk index (NIRI), and potential ecological risk (PER), 84%, 42%, 30%, and 16% of sampling areas, respectively, which possessed severe contamination. PMF model revealed that Cu (43%), Fe (69.3%), and Cd (69.2%) were mainly released from mixed sources, natural sources, and traffic emission, respectively. Traffic emission posed high and moderate risks for modified NIRI and potential ecological risks. The calculated PMF model-based health hazards indicated that the cancer risk value for traffic emission, natural, and mixed sources had been greater than (1.0E-04), indicating probable cancer risks and that traffic emission posed 38% risk to adult males where 37% for both adult females and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Das
- Department of Zoology, Government Saadat College, Tangail, 1903, Bangladesh
| | - Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Krishno Chandra
- Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh
| | - Maksudul Islam
- Department of Environmental Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Mamun Abdullah Al
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Aquatic Eco-Health Group, Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecology, Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Artho Baroi
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Dat ND, Nguyen LSP, Vo TDH, Van Nguyen T, Do TTL, Tran ATK, Hoang NTT. Pollution characteristics, associated risks, and possible sources of heavy metals in road dust collected from different areas of a metropolis in Vietnam. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:7889-7907. [PMID: 37493982 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01696-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Road dust samples were collected from different areas in Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC)-the largest city in Vietnam to explore pollution characteristics, ecological and human health risks, and sources of heavy metals (HMs). Results revealed the level of HMs found in the samples from residential and industrial zones of HCMC in the order of Mn > Zn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > Co > As > Cd, Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Pb > Ni > Co > As > Cd. Due to the high enrichment of Cu, Zn in residential areas and Cu, Pb, Zn in industrial areas, the HM contamination in these areas remained moderate to severe. The findings also revealed a rising trend in the level of HMs in road dust from the east to the west of HCMC, and a heavy metal contamination hotspot in the west. In addition, industrial areas were more contaminated with HMs, posing greater associated risks than residential areas. Children living in urban areas of HCMC were found to be exposed to unacceptable health risks. Meanwhile, adults living in industrial areas face intolerable cancer risk. Among the nine HMs, Cd, Pb, and Cu posed the greatest ecological risk, while Cr and As were the main culprits behind health risks. HMs in road dust might derive from non-exhaust vehicular emissions, crustal materials, and industrial activities. The results suggested that industrial areas to the west of HCMC should focus more on reducing and controlling severe pollution of HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Duy Dat
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Viet Nam.
| | - Ly Sy Phu Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
- Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Truc Van Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Thi Thuy Linh Do
- Institute for Environment and Resources (IER), Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
- Department of Science and Technology, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Anh Thi Kim Tran
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Nhung Thi-Tuyet Hoang
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh, 700000, Viet Nam
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14
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Bai X, Yang Y, Tian X, Wen P, Ma Z. Comprehensive model development based on Dempster-Shafer evidence theory for pollution source analysis in chemical parks. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21550. [PMID: 38027744 PMCID: PMC10651506 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollution source analysis is an effective method that can help chemical park managers accurately understand the characteristics and contributions of pollution sources in the park. However, as more receptor models are being used in this field, it has become difficult for managers to find the best interpretable and reasonable model among many source analysis models. Here, we present a case study of pollution source analysis in a southern chemical park using the D-S evidence theory approach to combine the source analysis results of different receptor models for comprehensive consideration. Receptor models were used to analyse the pollution sources via positive definite matrix decomposition, principal component analysis-multiple linear regression, and Unmix models. The results demonstrated that source analysis was greatly influenced by the uniqueness of pollutant characteristics and model receptor differences. Furthermore, incomparable analysis results and low fineness were observed. The D-S evidence theory model proposed in this study solved the above-mentioned problem to some extent and successfully extracted the four primary pollution sources in the study area, of which 45.73 % came from the metal processing industry (F1), whose primary pollutants were Cr, Ni, Zn, Cr(VI), and Cu, and 25.12 % came from the electronics manufacturing industry (F2), whose primary pollutants were Pb, Cr(VI), Cu, and Zn. 15.62 % of the contamination came from the production of chemical agents (F3), whose primary pollutant was TEHP, and 13.53 % came from the use of oil-containing auxiliary materials (F4), whose primary pollutant was TPH. The D-S evidence theory model used in this study provides a reference for the management of chemical parks.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueShan Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment Monitoring and Protection of Geological Resources, Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - YongJie Yang
- Hebei Solid Waste Pollution Prevention and Control Center, Shijiazhuang, 062659, China
| | - XiZhao Tian
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment Monitoring and Protection of Geological Resources, Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
| | - Peng Wen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment Monitoring and Protection of Geological Resources, Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
- School of Geological Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - ZhiYuan Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment Monitoring and Protection of Geological Resources, Hebei Geological Environment Monitoring Institute, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China
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15
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Lin TS, Wu JW, Vo TDH, Nguyen VT, Ju YR. Accumulation degree and risk assessment of metals in street dust from a developing city in Central Taiwan. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139785. [PMID: 37567257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Due to the numerous industrial parks and high traffic density in Miaoli, Taiwan, large amounts of metals may be released into the atmosphere, accumulating in street dust. Therefore, this study aimed to collect street dust in Miaoli to quantify the metals and assess the accumulation degree, sources, and potential risks. The enrichment factor (EF), geological accumulation index (Igeo), ecological risk, and non-carcinogenic and lifetime carcinogenic risk were estimated to assess the accumulation degree and the potential environmental and health risks. Pearson correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and positive matrix factor model were used to clarify the relationship between levels of metals and identify possible sources. The levels of metals in street dust in order were Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb > Sr > Co > Sb. According to Igeo, the level of Ni indicated moderately polluted. The levels of Zn, Cu, and Pb showed moderate to strong pollution, strong pollution, and very strong pollution, respectively. Results of average ecological risk analysis pointed out that Pb and Cu represent a very high risk, while other metals posed low-to moderate-level ecological risks. Excluding the Steel Enterprise area, based on the EF value and source identification, it might be concluded that Co, Sr, Fe, Mn, and Sb were mainly from natural sources, while Cu, Pb, and Zn come from anthropogenic pollution sources. Based on the results of the risk assessments, most metals pose no serious adverse health risk to humans. But, in comparison to Miaoli townships, the health risks of residents living in the Steel Enterprise area were higher. However, given that children and adolescents exposure to Co, Cr, Pb, and Ni together constitute a relatively higher carcinogenic risk (CR > 10-6), more attention needs to be paid to the populations most susceptible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tser-Sheng Lin
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Wei Wu
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan
| | - Thi-Dieu-Hien Vo
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Van-Truc Nguyen
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Saigon University, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam
| | - Yun-Ru Ju
- Department of Safety, Health and Environmental Engineering, National United University, Miaoli, 36063, Taiwan.
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16
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Xie L, Li P, Mu D. Spatial distribution, source apportionment and potential ecological risk assessment of trace metals in surface soils in the upstream region of the Guanzhong Basin, China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 234:116527. [PMID: 37394166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The health of ecosystems and safety of agricultural products are correlated with trace metal pollutionin in the soil, which eventually affects mankind. For this research, topsoil (0-20 cm) was sampled from 51 locations in the upstream area of the Guanzhong Basin to determine the level of pollution, spatial distribution characteristics and origins of 15 trace metals (V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Cd, Pb). The pollution index and potential ecological risk index were adopted for the accurate analyses of contamination degree and ecological risk that trace elements cause. The identification of potential sources of trace metals pollution was carried out using the APCS-MLR model and multivariate statistical analysis. Findings demonstrated that the most contaminated elements in the topsoil of the designated areas were Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb, and the average levels of all trace metal elements exceeded their respective local background values. However, most of the sampling points showed slight pollution, and a few demonstrated moderate and severe pollution. The southern, south-western and eastern parts in the research zone were relatively seriously contaminated, especially near Baoji City and Wugong County. Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Se were mainly caused by combination of agricultural and industrial production, the primary sources of Mn, Y, and Zr were the process of mining and industrial production, Cd and Pb originated mainly from traffic emission and agricultural pollution, and Cr mainly came from mining and metal smelting processes. Meanwhlie, some unknown pollution sources were also disclosed. This study has a reliable reference value for determining the source of trace metals in this region. To further determine the pollution sources of trace elements, long-term monitoring and management is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjie Xie
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peiyue Li
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Dawei Mu
- School of Water and Environment, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of the Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China; Key Laboratory of Eco-hydrology and Water Security in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of the Ministry of Water Resources, Chang'an University, No. 126 Yanta Road, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
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17
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Cadondon J, Vallar E, Roque FJ, Rempillo O, Mandia P, Orbecido A, Beltran A, Deocaris C, Morris V, Belo L, Galvez MC. Elemental distribution and source analysis of atmospheric aerosols from Meycauayan, Bulacan, Philippines. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19459. [PMID: 37809711 PMCID: PMC10558599 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the industrialized cities in the Philippines is Meycauayan, Bulacan. This study reports the elemental distribution and source apportionment in eight varying land cover-land use type sampling points located along the Marilao-Meycauayan- Obando Rivers System. Elemental analysis was conducted using a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive x-ray. Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mn, As, Cd, Co, Fe, Ni, Ti, and V concentrations were determined using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry, and Hg concentrations by Mercury analyzer. Principal component analysis (PCA), hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), and Pearson's r correlation were used to analyze different sources of heavy metals and its corresponding land use-land cover type. The aerosol samples showed the presence of heavy metals Pb and Hg, elements that were also detected in trace amounts in the water measurements. Concentrations of heavy metals such as Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn, V, Ni, and As found in the atmospheric aerosols and urban dusts were attributed to anthropogenic sources such as residential, commercial and industrial wastes. Other source of aerosols in the area were traffic and crustal emissions in Meycauayan. Using HCA, there are 3 clusters observed based on the similar sets of heavy metals: (1) AQS1 (Caingin), AQS2 (Banga), and AQS8 (Malhacan); (2) AQS3(Calvario), AQS4 (Camalig), and AQS5(Langka); (3) AQS1(Sto Nino-Perez), and (AQS7) (Sterling). These groups are related based on different land use setting such as residential/commercial, agricultural, and commercial/industrial areas. Our study recommends the need to address heavy metal pollution in Meycauayan in support to the ongoing implementation of laws and regulations by the local and private sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jumar Cadondon
- Environment And RemoTe sensing researcH (EARTH) Laboratory, Department of Physics, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Division of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao 5023, Philippines
- Applied Research for Community, Health, and Environment Resilience and Sustainability (ARCHERS), Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Edgar Vallar
- Environment And RemoTe sensing researcH (EARTH) Laboratory, Department of Physics, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Applied Research for Community, Health, and Environment Resilience and Sustainability (ARCHERS), Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Floro Junior Roque
- Environment And RemoTe sensing researcH (EARTH) Laboratory, Department of Physics, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Applied Research for Community, Health, and Environment Resilience and Sustainability (ARCHERS), Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Ofelia Rempillo
- Environment And RemoTe sensing researcH (EARTH) Laboratory, Department of Physics, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Applied Research for Community, Health, and Environment Resilience and Sustainability (ARCHERS), Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Paulito Mandia
- Environment And RemoTe sensing researcH (EARTH) Laboratory, Department of Physics, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Applied Research for Community, Health, and Environment Resilience and Sustainability (ARCHERS), Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Aileen Orbecido
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gokongwei College of Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Arnel Beltran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gokongwei College of Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Custer Deocaris
- Philippine Nuclear Research Institute, Department of Science and Technology, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Vernon Morris
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, New College for Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, Arizona State University PO Box 37100, MC 1251, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Lawrence Belo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gokongwei College of Engineering, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
| | - Maria Cecilia Galvez
- Environment And RemoTe sensing researcH (EARTH) Laboratory, Department of Physics, College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
- Applied Research for Community, Health, and Environment Resilience and Sustainability (ARCHERS), Center for Natural Sciences and Environmental Research (CENSER), College of Science, De La Salle University, Manila 0922, Philippines
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18
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Islam F, Parvin A, Parvin A, Akhtar US, Ali Shaikh MA, Uddin MN, Moniruzzaman M, Saha B, Khanom J, Suchi PD, Hossain MA, Hossain MK. Sediment-bound hazardous trace metals(oid) in south-eastern drainage system of Bangladesh: First assessment on human health. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20040. [PMID: 37809952 PMCID: PMC10559780 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the beneficial aspect of a natural drainage system, increasing human-induced activities, which include urbanization and growth in industrialization, degrade the ecosystem in terms of trace metal contamination. In response, given the great importance of the south-eastern drainage system in Bangladesh, a detailed evaluation of the human health risk as well as the potential ecological risk of trace metals (Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Se, V, Zn, and As) in Karnaphuli riverbed sediment was conducted. Mean levels of the elements in mg/kg were As (5.62 ± 1.47); Se (0.84 ± 0.61); Hg (0.37 ± 0.23); Be (1.17 ± 0.49); Pb (15.62 ± 8.42); Cd (0.24 ± 0.33); Co (11.59 ± 4.49); Cr (112.75 ± 40.09); Cu (192.67 ± 49.71); V (27.49 ± 10.95); Zn (366.83 ± 62.82); Ni (75.83 ± 25.87). Pollution indicators, specifically contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), degree of contamination (Cd), enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), and potential ecological risk index (RI), were computed to assess sediment quality. For the first observation of health risk, chronic daily intake (CDI), hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), carcinogenic risk (CR) and total carcinogenic risk (TCR) indices were calculated. According to the results, CDI values through the ingestion route of both the adult and child groups were organized in the following descending mode respectively: Zn > Cu > Cr > Ni > V > Pb > Co > As > Se > Be > Cd > Hg. The non-carcinogenic risks were generally low for all routes of exposure, except HQingestion was slightly higher for both adults and children. The calculated hazard index (HI) was, nevertheless, within the permitted range (HI < 1). Similarly, none of the metals exhibited any carcinogenic risks, as all CR values were within the 10-4-10-6 range. The need for authoritative efforts and water policy for the sake of the surrounding ecosystem and human health in the vicinity of the examined watershed is strongly felt as an outcome of this study. The purpose of this study is to protect public health by identifying trace metal sources and reducing industrial and domestic discharge into this natural drainage system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahima Islam
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Afroza Parvin
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Afsana Parvin
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Umme Sarmeen Akhtar
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Aftab Ali Shaikh
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- Department of Chemistry, Dhaka University, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Md Nashir Uddin
- Planning and Development Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Moniruzzaman
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- Central Analytical and Research Facilities (CARF), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Badhan Saha
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Juliya Khanom
- Institute of Glass and Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Priyanka Dey Suchi
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Anwar Hossain
- Planning and Development Division, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kamal Hossain
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
- Central Analytical and Research Facilities (CARF), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka, 1205, Bangladesh
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Isinkaralar O, Isinkaralar K, Bayraktar EP. Monitoring the spatial distribution pattern according to urban land use and health risk assessment on potential toxic metal contamination via street dust in Ankara, Türkiye. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:1085. [PMID: 37615782 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11705-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
The urbanization processes with growing vehicle numbers cause heavy metal pollution in street dust, and high populations in metropolitan cities are exposed to pollutants. This paper aims to monitor the spatial distribution of heavy metals and evaluate the concentrations via health risk assessment of HMs (Cu, Ni, Cd, Co, Pb, and Zn) that expose the inhabitants to health hazards. According to the results of the current study, sixty street dust samples were applied to the acid digestion technique and quantification by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The spatial distribution of the selected heavy metals in the street dust was investigated using the spatial analysis tool in ArcGIS 10.0 according to population density and land use. In the present study, we used hazard index and cancer risk methods to estimate the public health risk of the pollutants exposed to street dust in Ankara. The concentrations range of the elements in street dust over the study area ranged from 3.34-4.50, 31.69-42.87, 16.09-21.54, 42.85-57.55, 0.00-3.51, and 23.03-30.79, respectively. The overall decreasing order of mean concentration of metals was observed as follows: Pb > Cu > Ni > Co > Cd > Zn. Vehicle traffic and industrial activities seem to be the most critical anthropogenic sources responsible for dust pollution in the study area. The risk assessment of Pb and Ni exposure was the highest, and the hazard index values were 2.42E + 00 and 2.28E + 00 mg/kg/day for children. However, the effect on adults was 2.62E-01 and 2.37E-02 mg/kg/day, followed by inhalation and dermal contact with street dust was almost negligible. The decreasing concentration is modeled spatially along the western development corridor of the city. The risk to public health is high in areas with high densities close to the city center and the main artery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oznur Isinkaralar
- Department of City and Regional Planning, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, 37150, Kastamonu, Türkiye.
| | - Kaan Isinkaralar
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Türkiye
| | - Emine Pirinç Bayraktar
- Department of Elderly Care, Vocational High School of Health Services, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Türkiye
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20
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Wang Z, Lu X, Yu B, Yang Y, Wang L, Lei K. Ascertaining priority control pollution sources and target pollutants in toxic metal risk management of a medium-sized industrial city. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 887:164022. [PMID: 37172841 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Re-suspended surface dust (RSD) often poses higher environmental risks due to its specific physical characteristics. To ascertain the priority pollution sources and pollutants for the risk control of toxic metals (TMs) in RSD of medium-sized industrial cities, this study took Baotou City, a representative medium-sized industrial city in North China, as an example to systematically study TMs pollution in RSD. The levels of Cr (242.6 mg kg-1), Pb (65.7 mg kg-1), Co (54.0 mg kg-1), Ba (1032.4 mg kg-1), Cu (31.8 mg kg-1), Zn (81.7 mg kg-1), and Mn (593.8 mg kg-1) in Baotou RSD exceeded their soil background values. Co and Cr exhibited significant enrichment in 94.0 % and 49.4 % of samples, respectively. The comprehensive pollution of TMs in Baotou RSD was very high, mainly caused by Co and Cr. The main sources of TMs in the study area were industrial emissions, construction, and traffic activities, accounting for 32.5, 25.9, and 41.6 % of the total TMs respectively. The overall ecological risk in the study area was low, but 21.5 % of samples exhibited moderate or higher risk. The carcinogenic risks of TMs in the RSD to local residents and their non-carcinogenic risks to children cannot be ignored. Industrial and construction sources were priority pollution sources for eco-health risks, with Cr and Co being the target TMs. The south, north and west of the study area were the priority control areas for TMs pollution. The probabilistic risk assessment method combining of Monte Carlo simulation and source analysis can effectively identify the priority pollution sources and pollutants. These findings provide scientific basis for TMs pollution control in Baotou and constitute a reference for environmental management and protection of residents' health in other similar medium-sized industrial cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenze Wang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Yufan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kai Lei
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China
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21
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Proshad R, Dey HC, Ritu SA, Baroi A, Khan MSU, Islam M, Idris AM. A review on toxic metal pollution and source-oriented risk apportionment in road dust of a highly polluted megacity in Bangladesh. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2729-2762. [PMID: 36472681 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01434-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal enrichment in road dust has resulted from intensive anthropogenic activity, particularly urbanization, industrial activities and traffic emission, posing a hazard to urban ecosystems and human health. To promote optimal road dust management in urban environments, it is necessary to assess the possible ecological and health impact of toxic elements in road dust. In a heavily populated megacity like Dhaka, Bangladesh, large-scale risk assessments of contamination in road dust with heavy metals are limited. The present study aims at presenting a concentration of twenty-five metals in road dust (Na, K, Cs, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al, Zn, Cd, Pb, As, Sb, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zr and W) in Dhaka megacity. We used a critical source-based positive matrix factorization model, source-oriented potential ecological risks and health risks. Out of the studied metals, Na, Ca, Zn, Cd, Cu, Zr and W exceeded the shale value. About 73%, 48%, 29% and 32% of sampling sites showed a higher level of pollution based on PLI, NIPI, PER and NIRI, respectively. PMF model identified that Cd (85.3%), Cr (62.4%), Ni (58.2%), Zn (81.8%) and Mn (65.9%) in road dust were primarily attributed to traffic emission, fuel combustion, metal processing, transport sources and natural sources, respectively. Fuel combustion and metal processing posed considerable and high risks based on modified potential ecological risk and NIRI. Based on health hazards, traffic emission posed a high cancer risk in adult males (29%), whereas transport sources contributed to females (21%) and children (23%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Proshad
- Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation, Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Hridoy Chandra Dey
- Faculty of Agriculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Sadia Afroz Ritu
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Artho Baroi
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shihab Uddine Khan
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Maksudul Islam
- Department of Environmental Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, 8602, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Abubakr M Idris
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia
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22
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Roy D, Kim J, Lee M, Park J. Adverse impacts of Asian dust events on human health and the environment-A probabilistic risk assessment study on particulate matter-bound metals and bacteria in Seoul, South Korea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162637. [PMID: 36889412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of Asian dust (AD) on the human health and the environment. Particulate matter (PM) and PM-bound trace elements and bacteria were examined to determine the chemical and biological hazards associated with AD days and compared with non-AD days in Seoul. On AD days, the mean PM10 concentration was ∼3.5 times higher than that on non-AD days. Elements generated from the Earth's crust (Al, Fe, and Ca) and anthropogenic sources (Pb, Ni, and Cd) were identified as major contributors to coarse and fine particles, respectively. During AD days, the study area was recognized as "severe" for pollution index and pollution load index levels, and "moderately to heavily polluted" for geoaccumulation index levels. The potential cancer risk (CR) and non-CR were estimated for the dust generated during AD events. On AD days, total CR levels were significant (in 1.08 × 10-5-2.22 × 10-5), which were associated with PM-bound As, Cd, and Ni. In addition, inhalation CR was found to be similar to the incremental lifetime CR levels estimated using the human respiratory tract mass deposition model. In a short exposure duration (14 days), high PM and bacterial mass deposition, significant non-CR levels, and a high presence of potential respiratory infection-causing pathogens (Rothia mucilaginosa) were observed during AD days. Significant non-CR levels were observed for bacterial exposure, despite insignificant levels of PM10-bound elements. Therefore, the substantial ecological risk, CR, and non-CR levels for inhalation exposure to PM-bound bacteria, and the presence of potential respiratory pathogens, indicate that AD events pose a significant risk to both human lung health and the environment. This study provides the first comprehensive examination of significant non-CR levels for bacteria and carcinogenicity of PM-bound metals during AD events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debananda Roy
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayun Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Minjoo Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Shiyi Y, Xiaonuo L, Weiping C. High-resolution risk mapping of heavy metals in soil with an integrated static-dynamic interaction model: A case study in an industrial agglomeration area in China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 455:131650. [PMID: 37229828 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution of soils in industrial agglomeration areas is an increasing concern worldwide. In this study, we traced the sources of heavy metal emissions using a positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. Accordingly, we proposed a novel static-dynamic risk interaction model incorporating multiple risk-related factors to quantify the spatial interaction of emission sources and the probability of accumulation of heavy metals on a large scale. This model was further classified using the Jenks optimization technique to predict the spatial distribution of high-risk hotspots. Our results determined four primary emission sources of heavy metals: industrial (35.01 %), natural (28.61 %), agricultural (26.07 %), and traffic (10.31 %) sources. Five levels were classified by the integrated risk coefficient (IRC), namely, from extremely high to extremely low risk. The extremely high- and high-risk hotspots constituting 41.52 % of the total area of the Zhenhai District, with IRC values ranging from 0.221 to 0.413, were mainly generated by multiple sources linked to PMF-based factors. This quantitative evaluation framework can generate a high-resolution spatially distributed pollution risk map at the grid scale (1 km), which can provide a relatively precise basis for policymaking for point-to-point soil pollution management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shiyi
- Laboratory of Soil Environmental Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Li Xiaonuo
- Laboratory of Soil Environmental Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Chen Weiping
- Laboratory of Soil Environmental Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resource and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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24
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Sharma B, Handique S, Jyethi DS. Elemental composition of rural household dust in Brahmaputra fluvial plain: insights from SEM-EDS, receptor model, and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2447-2460. [PMID: 35995879 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01361-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study attempts to look into the morphological characteristics, elemental composition, contamination, source contributions, and associated health risks in household dust of Napaam, a rural region in the Brahmaputra flood plain in North East India. Morphological evidence suggests that most of the house dust particles were sourced from vehicle abrasion and soil. Three contamination indices-enrichment factor (EF), index of geo-accumulation (Igeo), and pollution load index (PLI) indicated that Cl and four trace elements (Cu, Zn, As, and Pb) are significantly enriched in house dust with extreme pollution load. Principal component analysis (PCA) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) revealed 3 potential major sources of elements in house dust-traffic + re-suspension of road dust (35.8%), soil dust (22.2%), and river sediment deposit (16.4%). Two minor sources-biomass burning (13.3%), and construction activities (12.3%) were also identified. Based on health risk assessment (HRA), both children and adult were found to be susceptible to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Sharma
- Department of Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, India
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sumi Handique
- Department of Environmental Science, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Darpa Saurav Jyethi
- Theoretical and Applied Sciences Unit, Physics and Earth Sciences Division, Indian Statistical Institute (ISI), North-East Centre, Tezpur, Assam, India.
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25
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Xu H, Li C, Wen C, Zhu S, Zhu S, Li N, Li R, Luo X. Heavy metal fraction, pollution, and source-oriented risk assessment in biofilms on a river system polluted by mining activities. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 322:138137. [PMID: 36791822 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Lanping Pb-Zn mine is the largest source of Pb and Zn ores in China, thus posing a great threat to local ecosystems and human health. A total of seven heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd, and As) in the Bijiang River near the Pb-Zn mine were measured in winter and summer to assess their spatial-temporal enrichment, ecological risk, and source-oriented health risk in periphytic biofilms. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) receptor model and clustering analysis were used to quantitatively identify pollution sources. The results of PMF were then imported into the health risk assessment to further determine the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks of various pollution sources. The results indicated distinct seasonal patterns in metal concentrations, with much higher concentrations in winter. Sites near the Pb-Zn mine tailing reservoir exhibited higher metal contamination levels than other sites. A strong correlation between the enrichment factor and the levels of nonresidual fraction suggested that anthropogenic inputs were the main source of these metals. Mining industries (Cd, Zn, and Pb), natural sources (As, Ni, and Cu), and agricultural activities (Cr) were the primary sources of heavy metal pollution in biofilms, accounting for 44.43%, 33.32%, and 22.26% of the total metal accumulation, respectively. Moreover, the carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic risks via dermal contact of the studied elements in biofilms were typically acceptable. Notably, as concentration was the main factor influencing these risks in children and adults. This study provides evidence that natural epilithic periphyton may be a potential metal biomonitor in aquatic systems and provide supporting information for effective source regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Xu
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chunyan Li
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chen Wen
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shijun Zhu
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Shiqi Zhu
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Nihong Li
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Rufei Li
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xia Luo
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Transboundary Eco-Security, Kunming, 650500, China.
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26
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Luo Y, Wang Z, Zhang ZL, Zhang JQ, Zeng QP, Tian D, Li C, Huang FY, Chen S, Chen L. Contamination characteristics and source analysis of potentially toxic elements in dustfall-soil-crop systems near non-ferrous mining areas of Yunnan, southwestern China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 882:163575. [PMID: 37075998 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the dustfall-soil-crop system pose a serious threat to the ecological environment and agricultural production. However, there is still a knowledge gap in terms of better understanding the distinctive sources of PTEs by integrating various models and technologies. In this study, we comprehensively investigated the concentrations, distribution, and sources of seven PTEs in a dustfall-soil-crop system (424 samples in total) near a typical non-ferrous mining area, using absolute principal component score/multiple linear regression (APCS/MLR) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) and microscopy techniques. Our results showed that the mean values of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the soils were 211, 14, 105, 91, 65, 232, and 325 mg/kg, respectively. These values were significantly higher than the background soil values in Yunnan. Except for Ni and Cr, all elements in the soil were significantly higher than the screening values of agricultural lands in China. The spatial distribution of PTE concentrations was similar among the three media. The ACPS/MLR, XRD, and microscopy analyses further indicated that soil PTEs mainly originated from industrial activities (37 %), vehicle emissions and agricultural activities (29 %), respectively. Dustfall PTEs mainly originated from vehicle emissions and industrial activities, accounting for 40 % and 37 %, respectively. Crop PTEs mainly originated from vehicle emissions and soil (57 %), and agricultural activities (11 %), respectively. PTEs seriously threaten the safety of agricultural products and the ecological environment once they settle from the atmosphere to soil and crop leaves, further accumulate in crops, and spread through the food chain. Therefore, our study provides scientific evidence for government regulators to control PTE pollution and reduce their environmental risks in dustfall-soil-crop systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Luo
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China.
| | - Zhen-Long Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Jia-Qian Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Qiu-Ping Zeng
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Duan Tian
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Chao Li
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Feng-Yu Huang
- School of Environment and Resources, Xichang University, Xichang, Sichuan 615000, China
| | - Shu Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Environment and Resources, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan 621010, China; College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Moni FN, Ahmed Miazi MS, Kabir MH, Shammi RS, Islam MS, Islam MS, Sarker ME, Hasan Khan MM, Ahammed MS, Bakar Siddique MA, Kormoker T. Enrichment, sources, and distributions of toxic elements in the farming land's topsoil near a heavily industrialized area of central Bangladesh, and associated risks assessment. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15078. [PMID: 37089392 PMCID: PMC10114204 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Toxic element accumulation in the surrounding soils of the advanced industry- and agriculture-oriented areas may lead to severe environmental degradation and harmful impact on inhabitants. This work examined the concentration of some concerned toxic elements (Cr, Pb, Cd, Cu, As, and Ni) in the representative topsoil from 10 industrially contaminated sites in central Bangladesh (Narayanganj district) using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer concerning the probable ecological and human health risks. The mean concentrations (mg/kg) of the elements were found in the order of Ni (58.1 ± 11.8) > Pb (34.1 ± 14.3) > Cr (32.1 ± 6.77) > Cu (14.5 ± 3.30) > Cd (2.74 ± 1.08) > As (1.49 ± 0.43). The findings pointed out that diversified manmade events enhanced the intensities of elemental contamination through the studied sites. Source analysis showed that Cr, Pb, As, and Cd may originate from industrial wastewater and agricultural activities, whereas Cu and Ni came from natural sources. The geo-accumulation index level for Cd (1.70-3.39) was determined as grade 3 (moderately to strongly polluted), the enrichment factor score for Cd (13.9) fell in the very severe enhanced category (cluster 5), and the highest contamination factor value was found for Cd (15.7). The contamination degree values for all the tested elements signify a moderate to severe contamination grade; conversely, pollution load index levels depicted the nonexistence of elemental pollution. The assessment revealed serious Cd pollution in agricultural soils and moderate to significant potential ecological risk for the rest of the examined toxic elements. Furthermore, hazard index values exceeded the safe exposure levels, indicating that there was potential non-carcinogenic risk in the soils for children and adults. Ingestion exposure had much higher carcinogenic risk values than inhalation and cutaneous exposure, and children are exposed to considerable carcinogenic hazards. Therefore, it is suggested that the harmful practices that expose this farming soil to contaminants should be stopped immediately and effective environment-friendly techniques of waste management and effluent treatment should be employed in the study area.
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Xu H, Zhang C. Development and applications of GIS-based spatial analysis in environmental geochemistry in the big data era. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:1079-1090. [PMID: 35066745 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The research of environmental geochemistry entered the big data era. Environmental big data is a kind of new method and thought, which brings both opportunities and challenges to GIS-based spatial analysis in geochemical studies. However, big data research in environmental geochemistry is still in its preliminary stage, and what practical problems can be solved still remain unclear. This short review paper briefly discusses the main problems and solutions of spatial analysis related to the big data in environmental geochemistry, with a focus on the development and applications of conventional GIS-based approaches as well as advanced spatial machine learning techniques. The topics discussed include probability distribution and data transformation, spatial structures and patterns, correlation and spatial relationships, data visualisation, spatial prediction, background and threshold, hot spots and spatial outliers as well as distinction of natural and anthropogenic factors. It is highlighted that the integration of spatial analysis on the GIS platform provides effective solutions to revealing the hidden spatial patterns and spatially varying relationships in environmental geochemistry, demonstrated by an example of cadmium concentrations in the topsoil of Northern Ireland through hot spot analysis. In the big data era, further studies should be more inclined to the integration and application of spatial machine learning techniques, as well as investigation on the temporal trends of environmental geochemical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofan Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
- International Network for Environment and Health (INEH), School of Geography and Archaeology & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Chaosheng Zhang
- International Network for Environment and Health (INEH), School of Geography and Archaeology & Ryan Institute, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
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Zawierucha E, Zawierucha M, Futa B, Mocek-Płóciniak A. Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Constraints on the Ecobiochemical Status of Cultivated Soils along Transportation Routes. TOXICS 2023; 11:329. [PMID: 37112556 PMCID: PMC10143448 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11040329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
There is a lack of studies on the impact of COVID-19-related population mobility and freight transport restrictions on the soil environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of automotive pollution on selected parameters describing the quality and healthiness of crop soils based on results obtained before the pandemic (2017-2019) in relation to data from the pandemic period (2020-2021). The study included soils from six cultivated fields located in eastern Poland along national roads (DK No. 74 and 82) and provincial roads (DW No. 761 and 835). Soil samples were taken from distances of 5, 20, 50, and 100 m from the edge of the roadway. The following soil characteristics were determined: pHKCl, content of total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), and activity of the three enzymes dehydrogenases (ADh), neutral phosphatase (APh), and urease (AU). The degree of traffic-generated soil pollution was assessed by determining the samples' total cadmium and lead levels (Cd and Pb) and total content of 14 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Σ14PAHs). The monitoring of cultivated soils showed that the parameters of cultivated soils varied primarily according to the distance from the edge of the roadway. There was an increase in soil acidity and TOC and TN content and a decrease in Cd, Pb, and Σ14PAHs as one moved away from the edge of the roadway. The highest ADh and APh values were found in soils located 100 m from the edge of the road. AU at 5 m and 20 m from the edge of the pavement was significantly higher than at 100 m away. The reduction in vehicular traffic associated with the pandemic did not affect the changes in the reaction of the studied soils and their TOC, TN, and Pb contents. The lowest content of Σ14PAHs was found in 2020. In the case of the amount of Cd in soils, a downward effect was also observed in 2020. However, no significant differences were noted, except for the soils in Skorzeszyce and Łuszczów Kolonia. The reduced influx of xenobiotics into the soil environment stimulated ADh and APh. In the following year (2021), the amounts of tested xenobiotics and enzyme activities in the soils were at a similar level to those in 2019. The results indicate a positive but short-term effect of the pandemic on reducing the contamination of soils located along transportation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Zawierucha
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Emergency Medicine, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, IX Wieków Kielc 19A, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
| | - Marcin Zawierucha
- Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, The Marshal Office of the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, IX Wieków Kielc 3, 25-516 Kielce, Poland
| | - Barbara Futa
- Institute of Soil Science and Environment Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego St. 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Mocek-Płóciniak
- Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Szydłowska 50, 60-656 Poznan, Poland
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Skorbiłowicz M, Trybułowski Ł, Skorbiłowicz E. Spatial Distribution and Pollution Level of Heavy Metals in Street Dust of the City of Suwałki (Poland). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4687. [PMID: 36981596 PMCID: PMC10048270 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20064687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the content and spatial distribution of heavy metals (HM) in street dust in Suwałki, a city located in northeastern Poland. The HM content of street dust was also evaluated using the geochemical index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), and contamination factor (CF), and local HM sources were identified using chemometric methods. The arithmetic averages of HM contents in dust arranged in the following order: Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Pb, were 11,692.80, 215.97, 194.78, 142.84, 63.59, 17.50, 17.04 mg∙kg-1, respectively. Higher values than the local background occurred for Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb. The values of Igeo, CF, and EF indicate that the highest pollution in dust is due to Zn and Cu. The spatial distribution of metals was evaluated using maps of HM content in road dust samples from Suwałki. The spatial distribution of HM showed areas with high contents of Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn and Pb located mainly in the central and eastern parts of the city. In these areas, high traffic volume, the presence of shopping centers, administrative buildings and bus stops dominate. Statistical models of multivariate analysis (FA) and cluster analysis (CA) identified two sources of HM. The first source of pollution was associated with local industrial activity and motor vehicle travel, and the second with natural sources.
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Zhou H, Chen Y, Yue X, Ren D, Liu Y, Yang K. Identification and hazard analysis of heavy metal sources in agricultural soils in ancient mining areas: A quantitative method based on the receptor model and risk assessment . JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 445:130528. [PMID: 37055956 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Industry in ancient mining areas caused significant heavy metal pollution (HMP) in agricultural soils. This study measured the hazards of specific sources of heavy metals (HMs) in an ancient mining areas agricultural soil. Firstly, we identified the major pollution sources based on the PMF model. Then, the proposed single-factor pollution load index (SPLIzone) and ecological load index (SELIzone) analyzed the integrated pollution and ecological risks of various elements. Finally, the source-specific soil contamination levels and ecological risks were quantified by combining the source assignment and single-factor assessment processes. SPLIzone and SELIzone showed that Cu and Cd were the most contaminated elements. Five factors were determined as the major sources of HMs, including mining, natural, smelting industry, agricultural and traffic sources. The mining sources contributed the most soil contamination (33.73%). However, the largest contributor to ecological risk was the smelting industrial (42.18%). Lower soil contamination may contain higher ecological risk. Smelting industrial and traffic are the most critical sources that need to be controlled at present. This study proposes a quantitative method for assessing the hazards of HM sources, which provides a beneficial reference for the study and management of HMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Chen
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Xuemei Yue
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Dajun Ren
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yanzhong Liu
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgical Mineral Resources, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Ke Yang
- Wuhan University of Science and Technology, No.947 Heping Avenue, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China; National Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Mining and Metallurgy Resource Utilization and Pollution Control, Wuhan 430080, Hubei, China.
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Wu L, Yue W, Wu J, Cao C, Liu H, Teng Y. Metal-mining-induced sediment pollution presents a potential ecological risk and threat to human health across China: A meta-analysis. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 329:117058. [PMID: 36528944 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic sediment polluted by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from mining activities represents a potential health "time bomb" for humans and the local ecology, but the integrated analysis of pollution and hazards of PTEs in sediment around typical metal mines in China is limited. Presently, the associated pollution status, spatial distribution, and ecological and health hazards of Cd, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, and As were investigated through index evaluation, spatial analysis, health risk assessment models, and Monte Carlo simulation. Overall, the sediment exhibited varying degrees of PTE contamination; notably, the level of Cd was 104.85 times higher than its background value, and it became the most enriched element in the surveyed sediment, followed in descending order by Cu, As, Zn, Pb, and Cr. Nationally, over 64.5% of metal-mining-affected sediment presented a very high ecological risk, contributed mostly by Cd (43.2%-98.7%) followed by As, Pb, and Cu; the risk contributed by both Cr and Zn was found to be negligible. The adverse health risk posed to children by most sediment was 1.72 and 6.46 times higher than that posed to adults for cancerous and noncancerous risks, respectively. The potential noncarcinogenic risks were mainly caused by As, which contributed over 78.9% of the Hazard Index values, then followed by Pb (>9.3%). For both children and adults, the carcinogenic risk of PTEs decreased in the following order: As > Cd > Cr > Pb. The investigated sediment was found seriously affected by nearby metal mines, especially those in regions with long-term and large-scale nonferrous-metal-mining activities. This study could provide a reference for policymakers to develop control strategies for PTE pollution in sediment around mining areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Weifeng Yue
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Jin Wu
- Faculty of Architecture, Civil and Transportation Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Changming Cao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yanguo Teng
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing, 100875, China; Engineering Research Center of Groundwater Pollution Control and Remediation, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100875, China
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Han Q, Wang M, Xu X, Li M, Liu Y, Zhang C, Li S, Wang M. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in road dust from the fourth-tier industrial city in central China based on Monte Carlo simulation and bioaccessibility. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114627. [PMID: 36791504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Health risks caused by heavy metal (HM) exposure in road dust has attracted extensive attention, but few studies have focused on the health risks of residents living in small- and medium-sized cities with rapid industrialization and urbanization. Thus, 140 road dust samples were collected across Anyang, a typical fourth-tier industrial city in central China, which were analysed for 10 different HMs (Mn, Zn, Pb, V, Cr, As, Cd, Ni, Cu and Co). Monte Carlo simulation and bioaccessibility were used to quantify the health risks of heavy metals comprehensively in road dust. Results revealed a remarkable accumulation of Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cu. According to the Geo-accumulation index and potential ecological risk index, Cd was priority control pollutant. Moreover, 55.0% of the road dust samples reached heavily polluted level, and 52.86% of the samples were at high ecological risk levels. These results illustrated that HM contamination was serious and universal in the road dust of Anyang. The occurrences of HMs were allocated to traffic emissions, natural sources, industrial activities and agricultural activities with contribution rates of 35.4%, 6.0%, 41.6% and 17.0%, respectively. Except for Zn in the gastric phase, all other HMs had relatively low bioaccessibilities in the gastrointestinal system, usually less than 20%. The bioaccessibilities of most HMs were higher in the gastric phase, except for Cr, Ni and Cu, which remained higher in the intestinal phase. The non-carcinogenic risk and carcinogenic risk were remarkably reduced when considering the HM bioaccessibilities in the gastrointestinal system, especially for adults. The outcomes of this paper are valuable for understanding HM contamination in road dust and highlight the importance of risk assessment for populations living in the fourth- and fifth-tier cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550081 Guiyang, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003 Jiaozuo, China
| | - Mingya Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003 Jiaozuo, China
| | - Xiaohang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550081 Guiyang, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Colleage of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mengfei Li
- Anyang Iron and Steel Group Co. LTD, 455000 Anyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003 Jiaozuo, China
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003 Jiaozuo, China
| | - Shehong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 550081 Guiyang, China.
| | - Mingshi Wang
- College of Resource and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, 454003 Jiaozuo, China.
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Shahab A, Hui Z, Rad S, Xiao H, Siddique J, Huang LL, Ullah H, Rashid A, Taha MR, Zada N. A comprehensive review on pollution status and associated health risk assessment of human exposure to selected heavy metals in road dust across different cities of the world. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:585-606. [PMID: 35347514 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In order to expound on the present situation and potential risk of road dust heavy metals in major cities, a total of 114 literatures mainly over the past two decades, involving more than 5000 sampling sites in 61 cities of 21 countries, were screened through the collection and analysis of research papers. The concentration, sources, distribution, health risk, sample collection, and analytical methods of heavy metal research on road dust in cities around the world are summarized. The results show that Cd, Zn, and Cu in many urban road dusts in the world are higher than the grade II of the Chinese maximum allowable concentration of potentially toxic elements in the soil. Geo-accumulation index values show that Pb > Cd > Zn > Cu had the highest contamination levels. Hazard index assessment indicates Pb and Cr had the highest potential health risk, especially for children in which ingestion was found as the main exposure pathway. Moreover, through comparative analysis, it is found that some pollutants are higher in developed and industrialized cities and transport (53%) followed by industrial emissions (35%) provide the major contributions to the sources of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asfandyar Shahab
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Zhang Hui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Saeed Rad
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - He Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Jamil Siddique
- Department of the Earth Sciences Quaid I, Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Liang Liang Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Water Pollution Control and Water Safety in Karst Area, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Habib Ullah
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
| | - Audil Rashid
- Department of Botany, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mohd Raihan Taha
- Department of Civil Engineering, University Kebangsaan Malaysia UKM, Bandar Baru Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Noor Zada
- Department of Chemistry, Government Postgraduate College Timergara, 18300, Timergara, Lower Dir, Pakistan
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Li X, Li L, Zhou Z, Li T, An J, Zhang S, Xu X, Pu Y, Wang G, Jia Y, Liu X, Li Y. Soil potentially toxic element pollution at different urbanization intensities: Quantitative source apportionment and source-oriented health risk assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 251:114550. [PMID: 36652743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Potentially toxic element (PTE) pollution of urban soils has become the focus of social concern, but the differences of the sources, pollution levels and source-oriented human health risks (HHR) of PTE in urban soils among different urban intensity areas is rarely known. This study explored a comprehensive scheme that combined positive matrix factorization model and source-oriented assessment to quantitatively assess the priority pollution sources and HHR in urban soils from areas with different urbanization intensities. All the average values for PTE concentrations, except for Cr, were higher than their corresponding background values. The contributions made by the four sources (atmospheric deposition, agricultural activities, traffic activities, and natural sources) were relatively similar (22.29-29.89%) in the low urbanization intensity (LUI) area, whereas traffic activities and atmospheric deposition made the greatest contributions in the medium urbanization intensity (MUI) (29.12%) and the high urbanization intensity (HUI) (38.97%) areas, respectively. The geo-accumulation index results revealed that Cd was the most polluting element and the HUI area had the highest pollution levels. The content-oriented assessment of HHR demonstrated that the non-carcinogenic risks were acceptable, but the carcinogenic risks were unacceptable. According to the source-oriented HHR assessment, among the anthropogenic activities, atmospheric deposition contributed the most to carcinogenic risk of children in all areas, and atmospheric deposition, traffic activities and agricultural activities contributed the most to the carcinogenic risk of adults in HUI, MUI and LUI, respectively. This suggest that control measures need to be tailored to the appropriate urbanization intensity to effectively curb PTE pollution caused by anthropogenic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyun Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lulu Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zijun Zhou
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
| | - Ting Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Ji An
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shirong Zhang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaoxun Xu
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yulin Pu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Guiyin Wang
- College of Environmental Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yongxia Jia
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yun Li
- College of Resources, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Cao X, Li W, Song S, Wang C, Khan K. Source apportionment and risk assessment of soil heavy metals around a key drinking water source area in northern China: multivariate statistical analysis approach. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:343-357. [PMID: 35380377 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With the intensive urbanization and industrialization in recent years, lots of products containing heavy metals (HMs) have brought in severe environment problems. Yuqiao Reservoir (YQR) is an important drinking water source area in Tianjin of China, and the soil environmental quality of YQR is vital for human health. The goal of this study was to identify the priority control pollutants and hotspots of HMs contamination of YQR catchment. Thus, an integrated field investigation was conducted to analyze the major elements such as As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn in soils around YQR. Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF) and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were employed to assess the contamination status of HMs. The average contents of these elements were given as follows: As 7.97 mg/kg, Cd 0.31 mg/kg, Cr 86.1 mg/kg, Cu 24.7 mg/kg, Hg 0.044 mg/kg, Ni 30.7 mg/kg, Pb 27.3 mg/kg and Zn 76.7 mg/kg. According to geoaccumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF) values, Cd, Cr, Pb and As showed a prominent enrichment. The result of multivariate statistics showed that Cd, Cr, Cu, As, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations were mainly affected by human activities, whereas Hg was mainly from natural release. The anthropogenic activities were the major sources with a contribution of 91.46%, while natural origins only contributed 8.54%. And agricultural fertilization, mining and traffic activities are the most probable sources of these heavy metals in the soil. The PERI values indicated that 65.7% of total HMs were at low risk, 22.5% in moderate risk and 11.8% in considerable risk. To ensure soil environmental quality and human health, cadmium should be listed as a priority control pollutant. Spatial maps of HMs and their integrated PERI provided clear hotspots that indicated lower risk in the region close to YQR but higher risk in the region far from YQR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianghui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wei Li
- Tianjin Eco-Environment Monitoring Center, Tianjin, 300000, China
| | - Shuai Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Chenchen Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400030, China
| | - Kifayatullah Khan
- Department of Environmental and Conservation Sciences, University of Swat, Swat, 19130, Pakistan
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Bogaert P, Diélie G, Briffault A, de Saint-Hubert B, Verbanck MA. Identifying proxies and mapping heavy metals concentrations in city road dusts: A case study in the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13312. [PMID: 36755603 PMCID: PMC9900355 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper investigates the spatial distribution of heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in road dusts over a part of the Brussels-Capital Region (BCR), with the aim of identifying the most relevant factors impacting these concentrations and subsequently mapping them over all road segments. For this goal, a set of 128 samples of road dusts was collected over a three years time span in the Anderlecht municipality, that covers about a tenth of the BCR area. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn have been measured in the finest fraction ( ⌀ < 250 μm) using ICP-OES. In parallel, continuous and categorical-valued proxies have been collected over all road segments. Using a multivariate linear modeling (MLR) approach, the most influential proxies that have been identified are the distance to the center of the BCR, land use, road hierarchy and roadside parking occupation. The performance of the MLR models remains however limited, with adjusted R 2 values around 0.5 for all HMs. From a spatial analysis of the regression residuals, it is likely that some useful proxies could have been overlooked. Although these models have clear limitations for reliably predicting HMs concentrations at specific locations, the corresponding maps drawn over all road segments provide a useful overview and help designing sound monitoring policies as well appropriate implementation of mitigation measures at places where road dust pollutants tend to concentrate. Further studies are needed to confirm this, but it is expected that our models will perform reasonably well over a large part of the BCR. It is believed too that our findings are relevant for modeling road dusts pollution in other cities as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Bogaert
- Earth & Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium,Corresponding author.
| | - Gwenaël Diélie
- Department of Water Pollution Control, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
| | - Axel Briffault
- Earth & Life Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Belgium
| | | | - Michel A. Verbanck
- Department of Water Pollution Control, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Belgium
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Zeng W, Wan X, Gu G, Lei M, Yang J, Chen T. An interpolation method incorporating the pollution diffusion characteristics for soil heavy metals - taking a coke plant as an example. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159698. [PMID: 36309258 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The existing spatial interpolation methods in the prediction of soil heavy metal distribution are generally based on spatial auto correlation theory, rarely considering the pollution patterns. By contrast, in polluted sites, heavy metals have a strong heterogeneity even within a very small area, which is not exactly in line with auto correlation theory. This contradiction may lead to inaccuracy in spatial prediction. Atmospheric diffusion and deposition are one of the main sources of soil heavy metal pollution caused by coal-related production activities. To improve the prediction accuracy, the diffusion patterns of pollutants were considered in this paper by integrating Geodetector, Co-Kriging (COK), and partition interpolation. Geodetector was used to identify the main driving factors of soil pollution, based on which, the main driving factors were used as covariates introduced into the interpolation method (COK). Specifically, the amount of particulate matter deposition obtained by a pollutant diffusion model (AERMOD) was used as a covariate. For comparison, the distances to quenching, coke oven, and ammonium sulfate section were also used as covariates. Compared with the Ordinary Kriging method, the method COK-AERMOD established here decreased the root mean square error values of As (2.05 reduced to 1.89), Cd (0.18 reduced to 0.16), Cr (19.07 reduced to 12.97), Cu (6.92 reduced to 4.72), Hg (0.32 reduced to 0.28), Ni (16.92 reduced to 16.10), Pb (18.29 reduced to 16.62), and Zn (159.68 reduced to 153.66). This method in this paper is informative for the interpolation of soil elements in contaminated areas with known pollution source and diffusion patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibin Zeng
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoming Wan
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Gaoquan Gu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei Lei
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Tongbin Chen
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Li J, Deng L, You S, Xiao H, Li K, Shahab A. A comprehensive study of potentially toxic element contamination and source quantitative assessment by positive matrix factorization model: risk from the fine road dust of Chehe mining area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:1189-1200. [PMID: 35915304 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22175-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Extreme mining activities can risk human life and the environment via potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in road dust, thus making their quantification and assessment unavoidable. For this purpose, we collected 50 fine road dust samples from the Chehe mining area, China, to quantify the level of contamination and ecological and health risks of PTEs comprising As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn, and their quantitative source apportionment using the positive matrix factorization model (PMF). Results indicated that the average values of Cd, Sb, As, Zn, Pb, and Cu in road dust were 1555.21, 586.78, 429.68, 429.43, 72.88, and 26.61 times higher than their background values. Pollution indices of PTEs revealed a strong level of contamination by Cd, Sb, As, Zn, and Pb, which were extremely polluted in the study area. The average values of the Nemerow integrated risk index (NIRI) and potential ecological risk index (RI) were 104.09 and 86.49 times the highest risk limit, respectively, which are extremely high ecological risks. Based on PMF for quantitative source identification, mining activities and fuel combustion were the main sources of PTEs in road dust contributing 57.25% and 35.95%, respectively. Furthermore, the health risk assessment indicated that Sb, As, Cr, Cd, and Pb in the Chehe road dust could lead to significantly serious carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to both children and adults. The results of this study could be used to opt for strategies to mitigate the ecological and human health risk in the mining area of Hechi, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Liming Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Shaohong You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - He Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, CAS Center for Excellence in Deep Earth Science, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Kemeng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Asfandyar Shahab
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
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40
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Yang Y, Lu X, Fan P, Yu B, Wang L, Lei K, Zuo L. Multi-element features and trace metal sources of road sediment from a mega heavy industrial city in North China. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137093. [PMID: 36332740 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As the primary carrier of harmful elements, road sediment poses severe hazards to human health and ecological environment, especially in megacities. Based on the industrial cities in North China, this research focused on the multi-element features and the pollution levels, sources, and spatial distributions of trace metals in road sediment of Shijiazhuang. The mean levels of P (928.4 mg kg-1), S (1446.2 mg kg-1), Cl (783.9 mg kg-1), Br (5.3 mg kg-1), Na2O (2.0%), CaO (9.9%), Co (36.0 mg kg-1), Pb (38.0 mg kg-1), Cu (34.7 mg g-1), Zn (149.1 mg kg-1), Ba (518.1 mg kg-1), and Sr (224.9 mg kg-1) in road sediment were greater than their soil background values. Trace metals in most samples was moderately (75%) and heavily contaminated (15.6%). The industrial areas, congested roads, and residential areas in the northeast, middle and south of Shijiazhuang are the hotspots of trace metals pollution. A comprehensive analysis of trace metals sources indicated that Ni, V, Ga, Rb, Y, Sc, La, Ce, Zr, and Hf were mainly from natural source, which contributed to 34.2% of the total trace metals concentrations. Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ba, Sr, and Mn primarily originated from mixed source, which accounted for 46.5%. Co principally came from building source, which accounted for 19.3%. This study shows that industrial discharges, construction dust and traffic emissions are the primary anthropogenic sources of trace metals in road sediment in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China.
| | - Peng Fan
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Kai Lei
- School of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University, Xi'an 710065, China
| | - Ling Zuo
- Department of Environmental Science, School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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Xiao H, Li J, Shahab A, Deng L, Ullah Z, Ullah H. Morphological characterization, hazardous metal contamination, source identification, and health risk assessment of the fine road dust from Dachang mining area, China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:4386-4398. [PMID: 35965296 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dachang mining area in China is known as "paradise for mineralogists" due to its most reserves of Sn, Sb, Pb, and Zn non-ferrous metal resources; thus, its evaluation for heavy metal assessment and consequent health risk is unavoidable. Sixty road dust samples were collected from study area to explore pollution level, ecological, and health risks from heavy metals and were analyzed by an inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer and atomic fluorescence spectrometer. The results showed that average concentration of all the heavy metals in road dust in both mining and residential areas were remarkable higher than its corresponding background values, the former being more severe, except for Cr and Co. The morphological investigation showed that most of the particles were much less than 100 μm illustrating fine part of the road dust samples. Based on integrated pollution indices, Cd, Sb, As, Zn, and Pb were extremely contaminated and exceeded hundred times of the maximum risk value. The health risk assessment revealed substantially higher carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to children and adult. Highest non-carcinogenic risk resulted from arsenic in mining and residential area with HQing of 644.56 and 267.94 respectively (standard HQ ≥ 1) while carcinogenic risk to children (1.94E + 00) which greatly exceeded from the threshold value of (1.0E-4). Sb, Cd, and Pb also posed carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk in road dust which is caused by excessive mining activities and heavy vehicle movement in the study area.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Jieyue Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Asfandyar Shahab
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Liming Deng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Zahid Ullah
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Habib Ullah
- Department of Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang, China
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42
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Li FJ, Yang HW, Ayyamperumal R, Liu Y. Pollution, sources, and human health risk assessment of heavy metals in urban areas around industrialization and urbanization-Northwest China. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136396. [PMID: 36113648 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution in urban soils and dust is mostly caused by extensive anthropogenic activity during urbanization and industrialization. In this research study, the pollution characteristics, sources, ecological and human health risks of heavy metals in urban soil, and dust have been thoroughly evaluated. The research findings demonstrate that dust has a higher level of contamination than urban soil, such as Pb, Cu, and Zn metals are more contaminated in both urban soil and dust throughout the city, and Hg and As are also found in locations with a high concentration of heavy industrial companies. This implies that traffic emissions are still a significant source of metals in urban areas, though industrial companies also contribute. The health risk assessment model used to calculate human exposure revealed that the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks of selected metals in soil and dust were generally in the low range, except for the carcinogenic risk from Cr in children. Statistical analysis revealed that Cr and Ni concentrations were mainly of natural origin, Cu and Zn have been sourced from traffic, whereas Pb, Hg, and As have been sourced from industrial activities. The overall recommendation is that the road traffic environment and municipal construction facilities need to be improved to ensure the sustainable development of the city's environment, while pollution from industrial waste is strongly controlled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jie Li
- School of History and Culture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Hong-Wei Yang
- School of History and Culture, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Ramamoorthy Ayyamperumal
- MOE Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China, College of Earth Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China; MOE Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental System, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, PR China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Gansu Institute of Architectural Design and Research, Lanzhou, 730000, China
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Joseph A, Edet U, Etinosa-Okankan O, Ekanem S. Health risk assessment of heavy metals and radionuclides in Cynoglossus senegalensis (Sole fish) from Qua Iboe River, South-South Nigeria. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Jeong H, Ra K. Pollution and Health Risk Assessments of Potentially Toxic Elements in the Fine-Grained Particles (10−63 µm and <10 µm) in Road Dust from Apia City, Samoa. TOXICS 2022; 10:toxics10110683. [PMID: 36422891 PMCID: PMC9698250 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fine road dust is a major source of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) pollution in urban environments, which adversely affects the atmospheric environment and public health. Two different sizes (10−63 and <10 μm) were separated from road dust collected from Apia City, Samoa, and 10 PTEs were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Fine road dust (<10 μm) had 1.2−2.3 times higher levels of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), antimony (Sb), lead (Pb), and mercury (Hg) than 10−63 μm particles. The enrichment factor (EF) value of Sb was the highest among PTEs, and reflected significant contamination. Cu, Zn, and Pb in road dust were also present at moderate to significant levels. Chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), and nickel (Ni) in road dust were mainly of natural origins, while Cu, Zn, Sb, and Pb were due to traffic activity. The levels of PTEs in road dust in Samoa are lower than in highly urbanized cities, and the exposure of residents in Samoa to PTEs in road dust does not pose a noncarcinogenic health risk. Further studies of the effects of PTEs contamination in road dust on the atmosphere and living organisms are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeryeong Jeong
- Ifremer, Département Ressources Biologiques et Environnement (RBE), Unité Contamination Chimique des Ecosystèmes Marins (CCEM), F-44000 Nantes, France
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Korea
| | - Kongtae Ra
- Marine Environmental Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology (KIOST), Busan 49111, Korea
- Department of Ocean Science (Oceanography), KIOST School, University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Nargis A, Habib A, Islam MN, Chen K, Sarker MSI, Al-Razee ANM, Liu W, Liu G, Cai M. Source identification, contamination status and health risk assessment of heavy metals from road dusts in Dhaka, Bangladesh. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 121:159-174. [PMID: 35654507 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, concentrations of Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were determined in road dusts collected from different locations in Dhaka to assess source, contamination status and health risk. Energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to determine Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb and their mean concentrations were 162.27 ± 29.46, 721.18 ± 180.14, 35.65 ± 12.55, 104.56 ± 128.33, 515.32 ± 321.90, BDL, and 342.82 ± 591.20 mg/kg, respectively. Among the heavy metals, highest concentrations of Cu, Zn and Pb were found at urban sites-7 (municipal waste dumping) and 8 (medical waste incineration). Highest concentration of Cr followed by Cu and Zn was found at site-5 (Tejgaon, urban). Principal component analysis revealed that anthropogenic activities are the potential sources for Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb while earth crust for Mn. Pollution index and pollution load index results suggested that all the sites were contaminated and/or degraded by Cr, Cu, Zn and Pb except sites-9 (urban), 10 (sub-urban), 11 (rural) while sites-7 and 8 (urban) were extremely degraded. For noncarcinogenic health risk, hazard quotient values for dermal were higher compared to that of inhalation/ingestion. Though hazard index values were less than 1 at all the sites, these were at least one order of magnitude higher for children group than that of adult group, thus the children group may face more noncarcinogenic health risk at sites-7 and 8. Values of incremental lifetime cancer risk were from 10-9 to 10-11 showed no carcinogenic health risk by road dusts contaminated with the heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aklima Nargis
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute & State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ahsan Habib
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Md Nazrul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Kai Chen
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute & State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Md Shafiqul Islam Sarker
- Central Chemical Laboratory, Department of Narcotics Control, Ministry of Home Affairs, Dhaka 1204, Bangladesh
| | - A N M Al-Razee
- Department of Analytical Chemistry & Environmental Science, Training Institute for Chemical Industries, Polash, Narsingdi 1611, Bangladesh
| | - Wenbin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guorui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Minggang Cai
- Coastal and Ocean Management Institute & State Key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China.
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Chen H, Wu W, Cao L, Zhou X, Guo R, Nie L, Shang W. Source Analysis and Contamination Assessment of Potentially Toxic Element in Soil of Small Watershed in Mountainous Area of Southern Henan, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192013324. [PMID: 36293901 PMCID: PMC9602646 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in 283 topsoil samples were determined. Håkanson toxicity response coefficient modified matter element extension model was introduced to evaluate the soil elements contamination, and the results were compared with the pollution index method. The sources and spatial distribution of soil elements were analyzed by the combination of the PMF model and IDW interpolation. The results are as follows, 1: The concentration distribution of potentially toxic elements is different in space. Higher concentrations were found in the vicinity of the mining area and farmland. 2: The weight of all elements has changed significantly. The evaluation result of the matter-element extension model shows that 68.55% of the topsoil in the study area is clean soil, and Hg is the main contamination element. The evaluation result is roughly the same as that of the pollution index method, indicating that the evaluation result of the matter-element extension model with modified is accurate and reasonable. 3: Potentially toxic elements mainly come from the mixed sources of atmospheric sedimentation and agricultural activities (22.59%), the mixed sources of agricultural activities and mining (20.26%), the mixed sources of traffic activities, nature and mining (36.30%), the mixed sources of pesticide use and soil parent material (20.85%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Wei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Li Cao
- Binhai College, Nankai University, Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Xiaode Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Rentai Guo
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Liwei Nie
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710048, China
| | - Wenxing Shang
- School of Water Resources and Environment, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710048, China
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Yu B, Lu X, Fan X, Fan P, Zuo L, Yang Y, Wang L. Spatial distribution, pollution level, and health risk of Pb in the finer dust of residential areas: a case study of Xi'an, northwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:3541-3554. [PMID: 34625867 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-01116-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The spatial distribution, pollution level, and exposure risk of Pb in the finer dust (particle size < 63 μm) of residential areas in Xi'an, northwest China were investigated in this study. Geographical information systems and geodetector methods were used to analyze the spatial variability of Pb content in the finer dust of Xi'an and its forming mechanism. The enrichment factor was used to assess the extent of Pb pollution, and the hazard index was used to evaluate the health risks to children and adults exposed to Pb. The results showed that the average content of Pb in the finer dust of residential areas in Xi'an was 99.9 mg kg-1. In the Xi'an urban area, a higher Pb content was mainly found in the finer dust near the Second Ring Road of Xi'an City, and the Pb content in the old town of Xi'an City was relatively lower than that near the Second Ring Road. The results of geodetector analysis indicate that the spatial variability of Pb in the finer dust of the Xi'an urban area was primarily controlled by the interaction among vehicle emissions, daily behavior of residents, and industrial emissions. Pb in the finer dust from residential areas in all districts showed moderate enrichment. The non-cancer risks of Pb in the finer dust were within the safe range for both children and adults. However, the prolonged exposure risk of Pb in the finer dust of residential areas should be considered for children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwei Lu
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xinyao Fan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Fan
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zuo
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufan Yang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingqing Wang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing, 100101, People's Republic of China.
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Men C, Liu R, Wang Y, Cao L, Jiao L, Li L, Wang Y. Impact of particle sizes on health risks and source-specific health risks for heavy metals in road dust. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:75471-75486. [PMID: 35655016 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21060-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To analyze the impact of particle sizes on sources and related health risks for heavy metals, road dust samples in Beijing were collected and sifted into five particle sizes. The positive matrix factorization (PMF), human health risk assessment model (HHRA), and Monte Carlo simulation were used in the health risk assessment and source apportionment. Results showed that mass of particles < 74 μm occupied about 50% of the total particles, while only 8.48% of the particles were > 500 μm. Mass distribution and concentrations of heavy metals in each particle size changed in temporal. Over 85.00% of carcinogenic risks (CR) were from particles <74 μm, whereas CR from particles >250 μm were ignorable. Sources for health risks in each particle size were traffic exhaust, fuel combustion, construction, and use of pesticides and fertilizers. Proportions of sources to CR differed among particle sizes. Traffic exhaust and fuel combustion contributed over 90% to CR in particles <74 μm, whereas construction contributed the highest (31.68-54.14%) among all sources in particles 74-250 μm. Furthermore, the difference between health risks based on sifted road dust and that based on unsifted road dust was quantitatively analyzed. Source-specific health risk apportionment based on unsifted road dust was not presentative to all particle sizes, and true value of health risks could be over 2.5 times of the estimated value based on unsifted road dust, emphasized the importance of sifting of road dust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Men
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Ruimin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Yifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Leiping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lijun Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, No. 19, Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, 100875, China
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Chen H, Zhan C, Liu S, Zhang J, Liu H, Liu Z, Liu T, Liu X, Xiao W. Pollution Characteristics and Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Street Dust from a Typical Industrial Zone in Wuhan City, Central China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710970. [PMID: 36078702 PMCID: PMC9518381 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the pollution levels, sources, and human health risks of heavy metals in street dust from a typical industrial district in Wuhan City, Central China. In total, 47 street dust samples were collected from the major traffic arteries and streets around Wuhan Iron and Steel (Group) Company (WISC) in Qingshan District, Wuhan. The concentrations of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni, Zn, Fe, Cu, and Cd) in street dust were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results indicated that the mean concentrations of Zn (249.71 mg/kg), Cu (51.15 mg/kg), and Cd (0.86 mg/kg) in street dust were higher than their corresponding soil background values in Hubei Province. Heavy metal enrichment is closely related to urban transportation and industrial production. The pollution level of heavy metals in street dust was assessed using the geo-accumulation method (Igeo) and potential ecological risk assessment (PERI). Based on the Igeo value, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni showed no pollution, Zn and Cu showed light to moderate contamination, and Cd showed moderate contamination. The PERI values of heavy metals in street dust ranged between 76.70 and 7027.28, which represents a medium to high potential ecological risk. Principal component analysis showed that the sources of heavy metals in street dust were mainly influenced by anthropogenic activities. Among the studied metals, Cu, Cr, Zn, Fe, and Mn mainly come from industrial processes, while Ni and Cd come from traffic exhaust. The non-carcinogenic risk indexes of heavy metals for children and adults are ranked as Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd > Zn. The health risks to children through the different exposure pathways are higher than those for adults. Hand-to-mouth intake is the riskiest exposure pathway for non-carcinogenic risk. In addition, Cr, Ni, and Cd do not pose a carcinogenic risk for the residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Changlin Zhan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710061, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Jiaquan Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Ziguo Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Xianli Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
| | - Wensheng Xiao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Mine Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation, Hubei Polytechnic University, Huangshi 435003, China
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Wang W, Xu X, Zhou Z, Dong X, Tian T. A joint method to assess pollution status and source-specific human health risks of potential toxic elements in soils. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2022; 194:685. [PMID: 35982329 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10353-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Potential toxic elements (PTEs) in soils follow various exposure pathways (e.g., ingestion, dermal contact, and inhalation) when migrating to the human body, and can threaten human health. The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the pollution status and human health risk for different age groups (i.e., children and adults) caused by source-specific PTEs in the soil. A total of 425 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in the Zhangqiu District of China, and contents of eight PTEs (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn) were analyzed simultaneously. The PTE sources were identified using a geostatistical method, and positive matrix factorization was used to apportion the contribution rate of each PTE source for human health risk of different age groups based on a health risk assessment model. Results showed that: (1) As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn contents all exceeded the background values in soil, indicating that there had been a slight enrichment of soil PTEs over time; (2) Cr and Ni were derived from natural sources, while Cd, Cu, and Zn were derived from transportation sources; industrial emissions and coal burning intensified pollution from Hg, Pb, and As in soils, as shown in the average contribution percentages of natural sources (24.36%), transportation sources (33.79%), and industrial sources (41.85%); (3) the non-carcinogenic risk caused by soil PTEs did not endanger human health, but the carcinogenic risk was close to the risk threshold, and should be given attention; the largest carcinogenic risk (36.53%) and non-carcinogenic risk (36.01%) for children were attributed to industrial sources, while the largest carcinogenic risk (34.98%) and non-carcinogenic risk (37.06%) for adults were attributed to transportation sources. The results presented in this study provide support for effectively preventing PTE health risks in different age groups from source-specific PTE pollution of the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Xibo Xu
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China.
| | - Zhongke Zhou
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Xiao Dong
- College of Tourism, Resources and Environment, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, China
| | - Tong Tian
- School of Journalism and Communication, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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