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Jargal N, Kim JE, An KG. An extended novel approach of river health analysis using nonmetric scaling ordination of fish ecological entities and functional identity indices. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 365:121582. [PMID: 38924887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
As river ecosystems continue to face environmental pressures, it is crucial to develop and apply new biologically relevant statistical tools to support river health assessments. This study aimed to test the potential significance of nonmetric ordination scores and multidimensional functional indices of fish communities for analyzing river ecological health linked to variations in environmental factors. We conducted a nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) to derive ordination scores based on twenty fish ecological entities (FEs) that we newly defined, along with their relative abundance (RA). These FEs were determined through a unique combination of trophic, habitat, and tolerance guilds. Additionally, we calculated the functional diversity and identity (F-Ide) indices using the RA-weighted distances between FEs defined by the guild identities in a multidimensional space. The results showed that these novel analyses were helpful in assessing river ecological health and spatial changes in the environment. The dominant F-Ide in each community was largely responsible for the variation of river health scores, driven by the combined impact of chemical water quality, alterations in substrate composition, land use changes, and the gradient of elevation. These environmental factors significantly influenced the site scores in the first axis of NMDS, F-Ide indices, and river health scores. Therefore, our study highlights the practical value of utilizing nonmetric scaling ordination scores of FEs and F-Ide indices as tools for evaluating the health of river ecosystems. By elucidating fish community variance, these tools can aid in determining the extent of river health degradation attributable to environmental stressors, including chemical water pollution and changes in substrate resulting from changes in land use and at different elevations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namsrai Jargal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea; Ecological Research Division, Korea National Park Research Institute, Wonju, 26411, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Guk An
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Justino JT, Demetrio GR, Neres PF, Meneses D, Pinto TK. A functional perspective of nematode assemblages as proxy of quality in tropical estuarine tidal flats. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 186:105922. [PMID: 36812839 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.105922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Functional aspects of biological communities influence ecosystem processes and it is urgent to understand how human disturbances affect functional diversity and ecosystem functions and services. Our purpose was to address the use of different functional metrics of nematode assemblages to evaluate the ecological status of tropical estuaries subjected to different human activities, aiming to advance and improve the knowledge about the usefulness of functional attributes as indicators of environmental quality. Three approaches were compared: functional diversity indexes, single trait, and multi traits using the Biological Traits Analysis. The RLQ + fourth-corner combined method was used to identify relationships among functional traits, inorganic nutrients, and metals concentrations. Lower values of FDiv, FSpe, and FOri indicate a convergence of functions, characterizing impacted conditions. A dominant set of traits was related to disturbance, mainly inorganic nutrient enrichment. All the approaches allowed for the detection of disturbed conditions, however, multi traits was the most sensitive one.
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3
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Rodrigues-Filho JL, Macêdo RL, Sarmento H, Pimenta VRA, Alonso C, Teixeira CR, Pagliosa PR, Netto SA, Santos NCL, Daura-Jorge FG, Rocha O, Horta P, Branco JO, Sartor R, Muller J, Cionek VM. From ecological functions to ecosystem services: linking coastal lagoons biodiversity with human well-being. HYDROBIOLOGIA 2023; 850:2611-2653. [PMID: 37323646 PMCID: PMC10000397 DOI: 10.1007/s10750-023-05171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this review we highlight the relevance of biodiversity that inhabit coastal lagoons, emphasizing how species functions foster processes and services associated with this ecosystem. We identified 26 ecosystem services underpinned by ecological functions performed by bacteria and other microbial organisms, zooplankton, polychaetae worms, mollusks, macro-crustaceans, fishes, birds, and aquatic mammals. These groups present high functional redundancy but perform complementary functions that result in distinct ecosystem processes. Because coastal lagoons are located in the interface between freshwater, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, the ecosystem services provided by the biodiversity surpass the lagoon itself and benefit society in a wider spatial and historical context. The species loss in coastal lagoons due to multiple human-driven impacts affects the ecosystem functioning, influencing negatively the provision of all categories of services (i.e., supporting, regulating, provisioning and cultural). Because animals' assemblages have unequal spatial and temporal distribution in coastal lagoons, it is necessary to adopt ecosystem-level management plans to protect habitat heterogeneity and its biodiversity, ensuring the provision of services for human well-being to multi-actors in the coastal zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge L. Rodrigues-Filho
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada e Conservação, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina, Laguna, SC Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Planejamento Territorial e Desenvolvimento Socioambiental (PPGPLAN)/UDESC/FAED, Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC Brazil
| | - Rafael L. Macêdo
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Ecology of Inland Water Ecosystems (PEA), State University of Maringá (UEM), Centre of Research in Limnology, Ichthyology and Aquaculture (Nupélia), Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Victor R. A. Pimenta
- Laboratório de Ecologia Aplicada e Conservação, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca e Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Do Estado de Santa Catarina, Laguna, SC Brazil
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Alonso
- Microbial Ecology of Aquatic Systems Research Group, Centro Universitario Regional del Este, Universidad de la República, Rocha, Uruguay
| | - Clarissa R. Teixeira
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LAMAQ), Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Whale Habitat, Ecology & Telemetry Laboratory (WHET), Oregon State University (OSU), Newport, OR USA
| | - Paulo R. Pagliosa
- Laboratório de Biodiversidade Costeira, Coordenadoria Especial de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC Brazil
| | - Sérgio A. Netto
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Natália C. L. Santos
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil
| | - Fábio G. Daura-Jorge
- Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos (LAMAQ), Departamento de Ecologia e Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia (POSECO), Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Trindade, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Odete Rocha
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Paulo Horta
- Laboratório de Ficologia, Departamento de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC Brazil
| | - Joaquim O. Branco
- Graduate Program in Ecology and Natural Resources, and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, SC Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Sartor
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jean Muller
- Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, UNISUL, Tubarão, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vivian M. Cionek
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Itajaí, SC Brazil
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4
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Zheng P, Jiang X, Shu F, Li Z, Zhang S, Alahuhta J, Heino J. Loss of lateral hydrological connectivity impacts multiple facets of molluscan biodiversity in floodplain lakes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 320:115885. [PMID: 36056492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lateral hydrological connectivity (LHC) is a key process in maintaining aquatic biodiversity in river floodplain ecosystems. However, the effects of LHC loss on aquatic biodiversity are rarely studied. Here, we evaluated, for the first time, the responses of multiple facets (i.e., taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic) of alpha and beta diversity of freshwater molluscs to the LHC loss in 23 floodplain lakes in the Yangtze River Basin in China. Our results showed that taxonomic and functional alpha diversities were all significantly higher in connected lakes (CLs) than in disconnected lakes (DLs), whereas phylogenetic alpha diversity (Δ+) was lower in CLs than in DLs. For beta diversity facets, taxonomic (Tβsor) and phylogenetic (Pβsor) dissimilarities were slightly more contributed by the turnover component or equally contributed by the turnover and nestedness-resultant components both in CLs and DLs. Instead, functional beta diversity (Fβsor), generally showing much lower values than Tβsor and Pβsor, was mainly contributed by the nestedness-resultant component (76.6-84.0%), especially in DLs. We found that only functional dissimilarities were significantly higher in DLs than CLs, indicating a high level of functional diversity loss without replacement of species possessing traits sensitive to hydrological disconnection (i.e., large body size, lamellibranch body form, filter feeding, ovoviviparity and burrowing habits). In general, lake area, hydrological connectivity, aquatic vegetation coverage and nutrient levels (TN and TP) played important roles in structuring variation in molluscan alpha and beta diversities, although the three diversity facets responded to different environmental factors. Our results suggest that loss of connectivity to the mainstem river has negative impacts on molluscan assemblages in floodplain lakes. More importantly, as taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic diversities responded somewhat differently to the loss of hydrological connectivity, all of these biodiversity facets should be better incorporated into aquatic biodiversity assessment and conservation programs in large river floodplains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Fengyue Shu
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment Conservation of Lake Nansihu, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Zhengfei Li
- Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Sijing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulic in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, Shaanxi, China
| | - Janne Alahuhta
- Geography Research Unit, University of Oulu, P. O. Box 8000, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jani Heino
- Freshwater Center, Finnish Environment Institute, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, Oulu, FI-90014, Finland
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5
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Da Silva RRP, White CA, Bowman JP, Ross DJ. Composition and functionality of bacterioplankton communities in marine coastal zones adjacent to finfish aquaculture. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 182:113957. [PMID: 35872476 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Finfish aquaculture is a fast-growing primary industry and is increasingly common in coastal ecosystems. Bacterioplankton is ubiquitous in marine environment and respond rapidly to environmental changes. Changes in bacterioplankton community are not well understood in semi-enclosed stratified embayments. This study aims to examine aquaculture effects in the composition and functional profiles of the bacterioplankton community using amplicon sequencing along a distance gradient from two finfish leases in a marine embayment. Results revealed natural stratification in bacterioplankton associated to NOx, conductivity, salinity, temperature and PO4. Among the differentially abundant bacteria in leases, we found members associated with nutrient enrichment and aquaculture activities. Abundant predicted functions near leases were assigned to organic matter degradation, fermentation, and antibiotic resistance. This study provides a first effort to describe changes in the bacterioplankton community composition and function due to finfish aquaculture in a semi-enclosed and highly stratified embayment with a significant freshwater input.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R P Da Silva
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania 7053, Australia.
| | - C A White
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania 7053, Australia
| | - J P Bowman
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture (TIA), University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia
| | - D J Ross
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS), Nubeena Crescent, Taroona, Tasmania 7053, Australia
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6
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Borland HP, Gilby BL, Henderson CJ, Connolly RM, Gorissen B, Ortodossi NL, Rummell AJ, Pittman SJ, Sheaves M, Olds AD. Dredging transforms the seafloor and enhances functional diversity in urban seascapes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 831:154811. [PMID: 35351501 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Landscape modification alters the condition of ecosystems and the complexity of terrain, with consequences for animal assemblages and ecosystem functioning. In coastal seascapes, dredging is routine practice for extracting sediments and maintaining navigation channels worldwide. Dredging modifies processes and assemblages by favouring species with wide trophic niches, diverse habitat requirements and tolerances to dredge-related eutrophication and sedimentation. Dredging also transforms the three-dimensional features of the seafloor, but the functional consequences of these terrain changes remain unclear. We investigated the effects of terrain modification on the functional diversity of fish assemblages in natural and dredged estuaries to examine whether dredging programs could be optimised to minimise impacts on ecological functioning. Fish assemblages were surveyed with baited remote underwater video stations and variation in functional niche space was described using species traits to calculate metrics that index functional diversity. Terrain variation was quantified with nine complementary surface metrics including depth, aspect, curvature, slope and roughness extracted from sonar-derived bathymetry maps. Functional diversity was, surprisingly, higher in dredged estuaries, which supported more generalist species with wider functional niches, and from lower trophic levels, than natural estuaries. These positive effects of dredging on functional diversity were, however, spatially restricted and were linked to both the area and orientation of terrain modification. Functional diversity was highest in urban estuaries where dredged channels were small (i.e. <1% of the estuary), and where channel slopes were orientated towards the poles (i.e. 171-189°), promoting both terrain variation and light penetration in urban estuaries. Our findings highlight previously unrecognised functional consequences of terrain modification that can easily be incorporated into dredging programs. We demonstrate that restricting the spatial extent of dredging operations and the orientation of dredged channel slopes, wherever this is practical, could help to limit impacts on ecosystem functioning and productivity in urban seascapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayden P Borland
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia.
| | - Ben L Gilby
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Christopher J Henderson
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Rod M Connolly
- Coastal and Marine Research Centre, Australian Rivers Institute, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia
| | - Bob Gorissen
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Nicholas L Ortodossi
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Ashley J Rummell
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
| | - Simon J Pittman
- Oxford Seascape Ecology Lab, School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Sheaves
- College of Science and Engineering and Centre for Tropical Water and Aquatic Ecosystem Research, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia
| | - Andrew D Olds
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD 4558, Australia
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7
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Fish Response to Multiple Anthropogenic Stressors in Mediterranean Coastal Lagoons: A Comparative Study of the Role of Different Management Strategies. WATER 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/w13020130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Transitional waters are among the most productive ecosystems of the world and their biotic communities show high diversity and complex mechanisms of self-regulation that provide valuable ecosystem services and societal goods and benefits. In this work a comparison of the fish assemblages of three non-tidal Mediterranean coastal lagoons is carried out in order to evaluate the impacts of alternative management strategies. The anthropogenic pressures acting on the lagoons were quantified by means of categorical indicators, while the characteristics of the fish assemblages were summarized in multi-metric indices (MMIs). Two MMIs were developed using data collected with a beach seine net and with fyke nets, following an empirical approach that selects, from a pool of 73 metrics, the combination that maximizes the MMI/pressure relationship. The two MMIs include four metrics each, most of which are based on feeding mode functional guilds and habitat use functional guilds, and they are sensitive to anthropogenic pressures. The human activities directly or indirectly affecting water quality are the ones that most influence the fish assemblage, while the presence of artisanal fisheries, a typical and relevant resource use in these lagoons, seems to play a beneficial role. Lagoon fisheries management relies on the maintenance of infrastructures that guarantee the hydraulic functioning of the lagoon, thus ensuring exchanges with the adjacent coastal sea, and therefore indirectly contributing to the habitat quality.
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8
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Stefani F, Schiavon A, Tirozzi P, Gomarasca S, Marziali L. Functional response of fish communities in a multistressed freshwater world. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 740:139902. [PMID: 32927533 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Freshwater fish communities are impacted by multiple pressures, determining loss of functional diversity and redundancy. Our aim was to disentangle the roles and relevancies of different pressures in shaping fish communities in small streams of the Po plain (North Italy). Long term trend (1998-2018) of functional diversity of 31 fish communities was assessed and modeled in respect to three potential pressures: temperature increase, intensity of exotic fish invasion, and habitat quality degradation. Ecological traits mostly influenced by the pressures were also identified. Reduction of functional richness mostly due to local extinction or contraction of cold adapted predators, such as salmonids, was linked to increasing temperatures. Warming probably also led to a shift of generalist and dominant species, which became more abundant in streams hosting mixed communities of salmonids and cyprinids, and determined the increase of functional dispersion and uniqueness. Reduction of functional redundancy and increasing functional dispersion were both also related to the introduction of new ecological traits brought by expanding exotic species. Low functional overlap was found among native and exotic species, indicating that the invasion process was mainly controlled by competitive interactions and/or resource opportunism. Functional response to habitat quality was not clearly evident. In conclusion, the impact of temperature increase and exotic species on fish functional diversity was effective, idiosyncratic and mediated by the scale of analysis and by the intensity of pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Stefani
- Water Research Institute-National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Schiavon
- Water Research Institute-National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
| | - Pietro Tirozzi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Gomarasca
- Dip. of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Marziali
- Water Research Institute-National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), Via del Mulino 19, 20861 Brugherio, MB, Italy
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9
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de Sousa Gomes-Gonçalves R, Silva de Aguiar F, Costa de Azevedo MC, Araújo FG. Functional stability despite anthropogenic influences on the ichthyofauna of a tropical bay. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 159:105016. [PMID: 32662443 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Classifying species into groups based on taxonomic relationship and functions are objective approaches to evaluate environmental and anthropogenic influences on coastal fishes. We evaluated temporal (1993-1995 and 2012-2015) changes in the taxonomic and functional indices in three zones of a tropical bay heavily impacted over the recent decades. We tested the hypothesis that both indices decrease over time as result of the environmental degradation. A decrease in the taxonomic richness and abundance was observed mainly of the inner zone. The functional structure remained relatively stable, but the functional originality decreased significantly between the two periods. This functional loss is of particular concern because the loss of species with unique treats may generate a series of ecosystem damage. This information tells us that the use of functional indices is essential to complement taxonomic assessments and to detect a more detailed understanding of the real dimension of biodiversity loss in impacted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela de Sousa Gomes-Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, BR 465, Km 7, 23970-030, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silva de Aguiar
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, BR 465, Km 7, 23970-030, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcia Cristina Costa de Azevedo
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, BR 465, Km 7, 23970-030, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco Gerson Araújo
- Universidade Federal Rural Do Rio de Janeiro, Laboratório de Ecologia de Peixes, BR 465, Km 7, 23970-030, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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10
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Shao X, Fang Y, Jawitz JW, Yan J, Cui B. River network connectivity and fish diversity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:21-30. [PMID: 31260896 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Frequent and severe disruptions of natural river flows associated with human activities significantly alter hydrological connectivity in large river networks, with deleterious effects on fish diversity. Understanding the relationship between fish diversity and river network connectivity is fundamental to ensuring species persistence, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. Here, we provide a review of the mechanisms by which river network connectivity (RNC) affects fish diversity. We review the relationships between forms, systems and types of RNC and fish diversity, based on more than 100 previous studies. In summary, sustaining RNC promotes fish diversity in longitudinal and lateral axes, and species sorting, dispersal dynamics, and habitat availability are the main factors driving the distribution of fish diversity, followed by nutrition and trophic dynamics. Our work highlights the effects of RNC on fish diversity, and provides a mechanistic understanding of how RNC affects fish diversity across river basins, thus providing scientific guidance for protecting fish biodiversity and improving the health of river network ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Shao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - James W Jawitz
- Soil and Water Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jiaguo Yan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoshan Cui
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Cai Y, Xu J, Zhang M, Wang J, Heino J. Different roles for geography, energy and environment in determining three facets of freshwater molluscan beta diversity at broad spatial scales. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 659:451-462. [PMID: 31096375 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Current understanding of different facets of beta diversity and their underlying determinants remains limited at broad scales in the freshwater realm. We examined the geographical patterns and spatial congruence of three beta diversity facets of freshwater molluscs across all of China, and evaluated the relative importance of environmental and spatial factors underlying the observed patterns. Taxonomic (β-TD), functional (β-FD) and phylogenetic (β-PD) beta diversity were calculated for 212 drainage basins belonging to 10 hydrographic regions using compiled occurrence data of 313 molluscan species. Geographical patterns of the three diversity facets were visualized on maps and pairwise spatial congruence among them was evaluated using regression on distance matrices. Variation partitioning and multivariate regression trees were used to assess the relative importance of different factors underlying beta diversity patterns. Beta diversity maps revealed that geographical patterns of β-TD and β-PD showed strong spatial clustering and were well matched with hydrographic regions' boundaries, while β-FD showed only moderate spatial aggregation. The three facets were only moderately congruent, with over 60% of the variation in one facet remaining unexplained by any other facet. Remarkably, all diversity facets were best explained by the spatial factors with considerable unique effects. Environmental filtering associated with energy gradients also made a large contribution, while habitat availability only explained minor fractions of the variation in beta diversity. At the national scale, β-TD and β-PD were more strongly related to spatial processes, whereas β-FD was more strongly associated with energy gradients. Our results suggested that, for freshwater organisms with low dispersal capacity, dispersal processes may override environmental filtering in driving geographical diversity patterns. However, different ecological drivers were important for each diversity facet. Importantly, rather weak spatial congruence among the different diversity facets stresses the need to incorporate functional and phylogenetic facets into the development of conservation planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjiu Cai
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
| | - Jun Xu
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology of China, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jani Heino
- Finnish Environment Institute, Biodiversity Centre, Paavo Havaksen Tie 3, FI-90570 Oulu, Finland
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