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Chen Q, Li G, Lu Z, Su Y, Wu B, Shi B. Efficient Mn(II) removal by biological granular activated carbon filtration. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023:131877. [PMID: 37344241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient and sustainable manganese(II) removal is a challenging task to prevent Mn-related drinking water discoloration problems. This study investigated Mn(II) removal by granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration under various conditions. The results showed that biological GAC filter columns could reduce Mn(II) from 400 μg/L to 10 μg/L after a short ripening period, while sand filter columns did not show evident Mn(II) removal function. Water quality changes, pretreatment with NaClO and chemogenic MnOx coating on GAC media surface did not influence the Mn(II) removal capacity of GAC filter columns. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the abundance of potential Mn(II)-oxidizing bacteria in the GAC media was similar to that in the sand media. However, qPCR results indicated that GAC media colonized dramatically more biomass than sand media, resulting in highly effective Mn(II) removal by GAC filter columns. Under chlorinated conditions, GAC filtration underperformed sand filtration in Mn(II) removal, although activated carbon has been reported to be capable of catalyzing Mn(II) oxidation by chlorine. Fast chlorine decay in GAC filter columns made it hard to sustain chemical Mn(II) oxidation and thus led to less Mn(II) removal. This study highlighted the advantage of biological GAC filtration over sand filtration in Mn(II) removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Guiwei Li
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Zhili Lu
- Institute of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
| | - Yuliang Su
- Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Zhuhai Water Environment Holdings Group Ltd., Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Baoyou Shi
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Zhang R, Huang T, Wen G, Tian X, Tang Z. Removal of ammonium and manganese from surface water using a MeO x filter system as a pretreatment process. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2023; 44:1302-1312. [PMID: 34709999 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.2000040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Residual aluminium from the coagulation-sedimentation process in the treatment of surface water can decrease the catalytic activity of a manganese co-oxide filter film (MeOx) used for ammonium and manganese removal. To solve this problem, a MeOx filter was used as a pretreatment process to filtrate source water directly before the coagulation and sedimentation treatment. The removal performance and the mechanism of change in the activity of MeOx were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the MeOx filter removed ammonium and manganese from surface water sources effectively, and its manganese removal activity was enhanced. The characteristics of MeOx were investigated via SEM, EDS, XPS, and the BET surface area. Analysis of the experimental results showed that the increase in the content of Al under this condition was much lower than that under treatment with the coagulation-sedimentation process. After long-term operation, the amount and surface area of MeOx coated on the filter sand increased significantly, leading to an increase in the catalytic activity. However, in cold water, the catalytic activity of MeOx decreased, and more Mn(II) was obtained on the surface of MeOx. Thus, the morphology of MeOx changed. Fortunately, when water temperature increases, the removal activity can recover immediately. By inactivating microorganisms and comparing the removal performance with that under other conditions, the MeOx activity of the pretreatment process is preserved effectively and no strengthening measures are required. This study will provide a new strategy for the use of the MeOx catalytic technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Zhang
- School of Urban Planning and municipal engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangcheng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, PR People's Republic of China
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Guo Z, Ahmad HA, Tian Y, Zhao Q, Zeng M, Wu N, Hao L, Liang J, Ni SQ. Extensive data analysis and kinetic modelling of dosage and temperature dependent role of graphene oxides on anammox. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136307. [PMID: 36067812 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is carbon friendly biological nitrogen removal process, and recently more focus is given to improving the anammox activity. Because of its high adsorption and modifiability, graphene and its derivative in wastewater treatment have received much attention. However, the specific effects and mechanisms of graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) on anammox are still controversial. Extensive data analysis was performed to explore the effects of GO and RGO on anammox. Statistical analysis revealed that 100 mg/L GO significantly promoted the anammox process, while 200 mg/L of GO inhibited the anammox process. The promotion of anammox performance under the influence of RGO was dependent on the temperature. The Logistic model was utilized for depicting the variation of nitrogen removal efficiency under promoting dosage of graphene oxides. A neural network model-based analysis was performed to reach anammox's potential mechanisms under the influence of two graphene oxides. Spearman correlation analysis showed that GO and RGO had significant positive correlations with nitrogen removal efficiency and specific anammox activity (p < 0.01), especially for RGO. In addition, the abundance of Planctomycetes and Nitrospirae was positively correlated with the addition of graphene oxides. This work comprehensively unraveled the role of graphene oxide materials on the anammox process and provided practical directions for the enhancement of anammox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Guo
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Hafiz Adeel Ahmad
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Yuhe Tian
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zeng
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China.
| | - Nan Wu
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Linlin Hao
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, 300457, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Liang
- College of Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Shou-Qing Ni
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong Key Laboratory of Environmental Processes and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China.
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Simultaneous removal of iron, manganese, and ammonia enhanced by preloaded MnO2 on low-pressure ultrafiltration membrane. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cheng C, He Q, Zhang J, Chai H, Yang Y, Pavlostathis SG, Wu H. New insight into ammonium oxidation processes and mechanisms mediated by manganese oxide in constructed wetlands. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 215:118251. [PMID: 35278914 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Manganese oxide (MnOx) mediated ammonium (NH4+) oxidation in wetlands is receiving increased interest; however, the biochemical mechanisms of this process are vague due to only few studies have focused on terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, three subsurface flow constructed wetlands (CWs), high/low content of Mn-sand CW (HMn-CW/LMn-CW) and quartz sand CW (C-CWs), were set up to explore the extent of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) removal and underlying mechanisms. According to the surface characteristics of Mn-sand, MnOx nanospheres were loaded as birnessite on the sand, while changes of the Mn/N contents indicated involvement of Mn-sand in NH4+-N removal. During the 120-day operation, higher extent of NH4+-N removal with decreased nitrous oxide (N2O) emission was achieved in the HMn-CW (76%) than in the LMn-CW (73%) and C-CW (67%). According to the distribution of nitrogen compounds and Mn2+, Mn-sand in the HMn-CW delayed oxidation of NH4+ and production of nitrate and nitrite. High abundance of Zooloea and Psychrobacter was observed in the Mn-sand layer of HMn-CW, corresponding to a higher observed NH4+-N removal. NH4+ oxidation to hydroxylamine and then to nitrite was enhanced in HMn-CW due to ammonia monooxygenase genes being promoted. The decrease of N2O emission was closely related to the genus TM7a, verified by Pearson correlation analysis. Our findings expand the knowledge of MnOx-mediated NH4+ oxidation in wetlands and support the potential application of manganese oxide for effective nitrogen removal in CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhang
- College of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, PR China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China
| | - Hongxiang Chai
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yujing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Spyros G Pavlostathis
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | - Haiming Wu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, PR China.
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Li K, Xu W, Han M, Cheng Y, Wen G, Huang T. Integration of iron-manganese co-oxide (FMO) with gravity-driven membrane (GDM) for efficient treatment of surface water containing manganese and ammonium. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Optimization and Modeling of Ammonia Nitrogen Removal from High Strength Synthetic Wastewater Using Vacuum Thermal Stripping. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9112059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Waste streams with high ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) concentrations are very commonly produced due to human intervention and often end up in waterbodies with effluent discharge. The removal of NH3-N from wastewater is therefore of utmost importance to alleviate water quality issues including eutrophication and fouling. In the present study, vacuum thermal stripping of NH3-N from high strength synthetic wastewater was conducted using a rotary evaporator and the process was optimized and modeled using response surface methodology (RSM) and RSM–artificial neural network (ANN) approaches. RSM was first employed to evaluate the process performance using three independent variables, namely pH, temperature (°C) and stripping time (min), and the optimal conditions for NH3-N removal (response) were determined. Later, the obtained data from the designed experiments of RSM were used to train the ANN for predicting the responses. NH3-N removal was found to be 97.84 ± 1.86% under the optimal conditions (pH: 9.6, temperature: 65.5 °C, and stripping time: 59.6 min) and was in good agreement with the values predicted by RSM and RSM–ANN models. A statistical comparison between the models revealed the better predictability of RSM–ANN than that of the RSM. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt comparing the RSM and RSM–ANN in vacuum thermal stripping of NH3-N from wastewater. The findings of this study can therefore be useful in designing and carrying out the vacuum thermal stripping process for efficient removal of NH3-N from wastewater under different operating conditions.
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Cheng Y, Xiong W, Huang T. Mechanistic insights into effect of storage conditions of Fe-Mn co-oxide filter media on their catalytic properties in ammonium-nitrogen and manganese oxidative removal. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Amanollahi H, Moussavi G, Giannakis S. Enhanced vacuum UV-based process (VUV/H 2O 2/PMS) for the effective removal of ammonia from water: Engineering configuration and mechanistic considerations. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123789. [PMID: 33254798 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the VUV, VUV/H2O2, VUV/PMS, and VUV/H2O2/PMS processes were compared with the corresponding UVC-based AOPs under identical experimental conditions for the ammonia removal. Among the examined AOPs, the VUV/H2O2/PMS demonstrated the highest performance in converting NH4+ to N2. A 82.7 % removal of 100 mg/L NH4+, with N2 selectivity over 99 % was obtained in the VUV/H2O2/PMS process within 60 min, operated under near neutral pH. Under these operation conditions, [NO3-] was around 0.5 mg-N/L with [NO2-] remaining below detection. The VUV-mediated generation of SO4•-and HO• with NH4+ had a relative contribution of 37.9 and 62.1 %, respectively. The VUV/H2O2/PMS process operated under a flow-through mode achieved efficient removal of 100 mg/L NH4+ (80.5 %) in a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 40 min. The continuous-flow VUV/H2O2/PMS process efficiently treated a real ammonia-laden groundwater and the concentration of NH4+ decreased from 30 mg/L to around 1 mg/L within 60 min HRT. In summary, the VUV/H2O2/PMS process was effective from the technical and energetical point of view, hence is a viable and promising technique for treating effluent containing high concentrations of ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawzhin Amanollahi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Moussavi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Stefanos Giannakis
- Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, E.T.S. Ingenieros de Caminos, Canales y Puertos, Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica, Energía y Medio Ambiente, Unidad docente Ingeniería Sanitaria, c/ Profesor Aranguren, s/n, ES-28040 Madrid, Spain
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10
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Cheng Y, Xiong W, Huang T. Catalytic oxidation removal of manganese from groundwater by iron-manganese co-oxide filter films under anaerobic conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:139525. [PMID: 32544755 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although dissolved oxygen (DO) is a key factor for the removal of manganese (Mn) from aqueous solutions, this study presents an efficient method for Mn removal without any DO consumption. We demonstrate the feasibility of using an iron (Fe)-Mn co-oxide filter film to continuously remove Mn from groundwater under anaerobic conditions. A pilot-scale filter equipped with Fe-Mn co-oxide filter media (120 cm high) was adapted to explore the Mn removal performance under three DO levels (6-7 mg/L, 1-2 mg/L, and 0-0.2 mg/L). The Fe-Mn co-oxide filter exhibited a higher Mn removal performance under anaerobic conditions (no DO consumption) than under the other two DO conditions. The morphology, structure, and Mn valence changes of the Fe-Mn co-oxide filter film were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) theory, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The Fe-Mn co-oxide filter film under anaerobic conditions had a large contact surface area and large pore volume, and thus possessed more adsorption sites and reaction channels for Mn removal. By considering all of the characterization and reaction data reported in this study, we conclude that H2O ligands, hydrogen bonding (-OH), and vacant sites affect the transformation of Mn, thus play important roles in the continuous removal of Mn under anaerobic conditions. This discovery presents a new and effective approach for Mn removal during groundwater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Weiyao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
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Cheng Y, Zhang S, Huang T, Hu F, Gao M, Niu X. Effect of Alkalinity on Catalytic Activity of Iron-Manganese Co-Oxide in Removing Ammonium and Manganese: Performance and Mechanism. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030784. [PMID: 32012679 PMCID: PMC7036961 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a pilot-scale experimental filter system was used to investigate the effect of bicarbonate alkalinity on the activity of an Fe-Mn co-oxide for ammonium and manganese removal from surface water. The results showed that an increase in alkalinity to 150 mg/L (calculated as CaCO3) by the addition of NaHCO3 significantly promoted the activity of the Fe-Mn co-oxide. The ammonium and manganese removal efficiencies of the Fe-Mn co-oxide increased from 40% to 95% and 85% to 100%, respectively. After NaHCO3 was no longer added, the activity of the filter column remained. Moreover, pH (7.4-8.0) and temperature (12.0-16.0 °C) were not the main factors affecting the activity of the filter, and had no significant effect on the activity of the filter. Further characterization analysis of the Fe-Mn co-oxide filter film showed that after alkalinity was increased, the accumulation of aluminum on the filter media surface decreased from 3.55% to 0.16% and the oxide functional groups changed. This was due to the action of bicarbonate and the residual aluminum salt coagulant in the filter, which caused the loss of Al from the surface of the filter media and weakened the influence of the aluminum salt coagulant on the activity of the Fe-Mn co-oxide; hence, the activity was recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (F.H.); (M.G.); (X.N.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
| | - Shasha Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (F.H.); (M.G.); (X.N.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (F.H.); (M.G.); (X.N.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-029-8220-1038; Fax: +86-029-8220-2729
| | - Feifan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (F.H.); (M.G.); (X.N.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
| | - Minyi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (F.H.); (M.G.); (X.N.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
| | - Xiruo Niu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China; (Y.C.); (S.Z.); (F.H.); (M.G.); (X.N.)
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China
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12
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Start-Up of a Biofilter in a Full-Scale Groundwater Treatment Plant for Iron and Manganese Removal. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16050698. [PMID: 30818751 PMCID: PMC6427540 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, biological purification technology has been widely developed in the process of iron and manganese removal from groundwater. The cultivation and maturation of the biological filter layer are key for biological iron and manganese removal processes. The time needed for maturation varies significantly with the water quality, filter and filter media conditions and operation parameters; sometimes it takes only one or two months, sometime more than half a year. In this paper, the feasibility of adopting an intermittent operation for the cultivation of biofilter was investigated with productive filters in a groundwater treatment plant, and the comparative test of the filter column was conducted. The results showed that the intermittent operation had little effect on the cultivation of the biofilter because dissolved oxygen would be gradually exhausted during the filter-suspension process, making the filter layer anaerobic, thus possibly inhibiting the growth and reproduction of IMOB (Iron and Manganese Oxidizing Bacteria). At the same time, the test shows that when the mature biological filter needs the suspension operation, the emptying method should be considered to avoid the destruction of the biological layer.
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