1
|
Li M, Gong X, Tan Q, Xie Y, Tong Y, Ma J, Wang D, Ai L, Gong Z. A review of occurrence, bioaccumulation, and fate of novel brominated flame retardants in aquatic environments: A comparison with legacy brominated flame retardants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 939:173224. [PMID: 38763187 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) have been developed as replacements for legacy brominated flame retardants (BFRs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs). The prevalence of NBFRs in aquatic environments has initiated intense concerns that they resemble to BFRs. To comprehensively elucidate the fate of NBFRs in aquatic environments, this review summarizes the physico-chemical properties, distribution, bioaccumulation, and fates in aquatic environments. 1,2-bis(2,3,4,5,6-pentabromophenyl) ethane (DBDPE) as the major substitute for PBDEs is the primary NBFR. The release from industrial point sources such as e-waste recycling stations is the dominant way for NBFRs to enter the environment, which results in significant differences in the regional distribution of NBFRs. Sediment is the major sink of NBFRs attributed to the high hydrophobicity. Significantly, there is no decreasing trend of NBFRs concentrations, while PBDEs achieved the peak value in 1970-2000 and decreased gradually. The bioaccumulation of NBFRs is reported in both field studies and laboratory studies, which is regulated by the active area, lipid contents, trophic level of aquatic organisms, and the log KOW of NBFRs. The biotransformation of NBFRs showed similar metabolism patterns to that of BFRs, including debromination, hydroxylation, methoxylation, hydrolysis, and glycosylation. In addition, NBFRs show great potential in trophic magnification along the aquatic food chain, which could pose a higher risk to high trophic-level species. The passive uptake by roots dominates the plant uptake of NBFRs, followed by acropetal and basipetal bidirectional transportation between roots and leaves in plants. This review will provide the support to understand the current pollution characteristics of NBFRs and highlight perspectives for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Xinying Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China; Chengdu Research Academy of Environmental Protection Science, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Qinwen Tan
- Chengdu Research Academy of Environmental Protection Science, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Yonghong Xie
- Sichuan Province Ecological Environment Monitoring Station, Chengdu 610074, China
| | - Yuanjun Tong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Junyi Ma
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China
| | - Lian Ai
- Sichuan Province Ecological Environment Monitoring Station, Chengdu 610074, China
| | - Zhengjun Gong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xue M, Shi Y, Xiang J, Zhang Y, Qiu H, Chen W, Zhang J. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl Ether (BDE-47) at Environmental Levels Influenced Photosynthesis in the Mangrove Species Kandelia obovata. TOXICS 2024; 12:456. [PMID: 39058108 PMCID: PMC11281169 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
2,2',4,4'-tetra-bromodiphenytol ether (BDE-47) is one of the ubiquitous organic pollutants in mangrove sediments. To reveal the toxic effects of BDE-47 on mangrove plants, the mangrove species Kandelia obovate was used to investigate the photosynthetic capacity effects and the molecular mechanisms involved after BDE-47 exposure at environment-related levels (50, 500, and 5000 ng g-1 dw). After a 60-day exposure, the photosynthetic capacity was inhibited in K. obovata seedlings, and a decrease in the stomatal density and damage in the chloroplast ultrastructure in the leaves were found. Transcriptome sequencing showed that, following exposure to BDE-47, gene expression in photosynthesis-related pathways was predominantly suppressed in the leaves. The bioinformatics analysis indicated that BDE-47 exerts toxicity by inhibiting photosystem I activity and chlorophyll a/b-binding protein-related genes in the leaves of K. obovata. Thus, this study provides preliminary theoretical evidence for the toxic mechanism effect of BDE-47 on photosynthesis in mangrove species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Xue
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
| | - Yajun Shi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
| | - Jing Xiang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
| | - Yan Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
| | - Hanxun Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
| | - Wenming Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
| | - Jiliang Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China; (M.X.); (Y.S.); (J.X.); (Y.Z.); (H.Q.); (W.C.)
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Civilization and Integrated Land-Sea Development, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Leri AC, Hettithanthri O, Bolan S, Zhang T, Unrine J, Myneni S, Nachman DR, Tran HT, Phillips AJ, Hou D, Wang Y, Vithanage M, Padhye LP, Jasemi Zad T, Heitz A, Siddique KHM, Wang H, Rinklebe J, Kirkham MB, Bolan N. Bromine contamination and risk management in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 469:133881. [PMID: 38422740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Bromine (Br) is widely distributed through the lithosphere and hydrosphere, and its chemistry in the environment is affected by natural processes and anthropogenic activities. While the chemistry of Br in the atmosphere has been comprehensively explored, there has never been an overview of the chemistry of Br in soil and aquatic systems. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the sources, geochemistry, health and environmental threats, remediation approaches, and regulatory guidelines pertaining to Br pollution in terrestrial and aquatic environments. Volcanic eruptions, geothermal streams, and seawater are the major natural sources of Br. In soils and sediments, Br undergoes natural cycling between organic and inorganic forms, with bromination reactions occurring both abiotically and through microbial activity. For organisms, Br is a non-essential element; it is passively taken up by plant roots in the form of the Br- anion. Elevated Br- levels can limit plant growth on coastal soils of arid and semi-arid environments. Br is used in the chemical industry to manufacture pesticides, flame retardants, pharmaceuticals, and other products. Anthropogenic sources of organobromine contaminants in the environment are primarily wastewater treatment, fumigants, and flame retardants. When aqueous Br- reacts with oxidants in water treatment plants, it can generate brominated disinfection by-products (DBPs), and exposure to DBPs is linked to adverse human health effects including increased cancer risk. Br- can be removed from aquatic systems using adsorbents, and amelioration of soils containing excess Br- can be achieved by leaching, adding various amendments, or phytoremediation. Developing cost-effective methods for Br- removal from wastewater would help address the problem of toxic brominated DBPs. Other anthropogenic organobromines, such as polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants, are persistent, toxic, and bioaccumulative, posing a challenge in environmental remediation. Future research directives for managing Br pollution sustainably in various environmental settings are suggested here.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra C Leri
- Department of Natural Sciences, Marymount Manhattan College, 221 E 71st St., New York, NY 10021, United States.
| | - Oshadi Hettithanthri
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka
| | - Shiv Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Healthy Environments And Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Canberra, Australia
| | - Tao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention-Control and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jason Unrine
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, United States; Kentucky Water Research Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, United States
| | - Satish Myneni
- Department of Geosciences, Princeton Univ., Princeton, NJ 08544, United States
| | - Danielle R Nachman
- Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States
| | - Huu Tuan Tran
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environmental Management, Science and Technology Advanced Institute, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Faculty of Applied Technology, School of Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ankur J Phillips
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand 263145, India
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Centre, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, 10250, Sri Lanka; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Sustainability Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, India
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Tahereh Jasemi Zad
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Anna Heitz
- Curtin Water Quality Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water, and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil, and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, Wuppertal 42285, Germany
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Healthy Environments And Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fu J, Zhang H, Li R, Gao H, Jin S, Na G. Dynamic modeling of the occurrence, sources, and environmental behavior of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in Zhelin Bay, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:171294. [PMID: 38417503 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
This study analyzed polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in Zhelin Bay, China, investigating their occurrence, sources, and environmental behavior. PBDE congeners were detected in all sampled media. The Σ13PBDE concentrations in the dissolved phase ranged from 1.04 to 41.40 ng/L, while the concentrations ranged in suspended particulate matter from 0.02 to 12.56 ng/L. In sediments, PBDE concentrations ranged from 1.41 to 8.57 ng/g. The higher proportion of PBDEs in the dissolved phase in the bay than in the estuary is attributable to the type of PBDE products used in the aquacultural process in Zhelin Bay. Moreover, correlation analysis between PBDE concentrations and environmental parameters showed that the primary factor influencing PBDE concentrations in Zhelin Bay sediments may shift from riverine inputs to aquaculture. Principal component analysis and positive matrix factorization revealed that PBDEs in the water of Zhelin Bay primarily originated from the degradation of octa-BDE, deca-BDE, and penta-BDE products employed in aquaculture. In contrast, the PBDEs in Zhelin Bay sediments mainly originated from riverine inputs. In addition, a level IV dynamic fugacity-based multimedia model was used to simulate the temporal variation of PBDE concentrations in Zhelin Bay. Modeled short-term trends showed a relatively swift transport of PBDE congeners in the water column to the atmosphere and sediments. Over the long term, sediment concentrations gradually decreased, in contrast to the less rapid declines observed in the atmosphere and water. Furthermore, this study revealed that the transport and transformation processes of PBDEs in the Zhelin Bay environment were considerably influenced by the diffusion coefficient in water, the water-side mass transfer coefficient at the water-sediment interface, the sediment resuspension rate, and the organic carbon-water partition coefficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fu
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Ruijing Li
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Hui Gao
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuaichen Jin
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangshui Na
- Laboratory for coastal marine eco-environment process and carbon sink of Hainan province/Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Q, Liu W, Meng L, Zeb A, Mo F, Wang J, Shi R. The interfacial interaction between Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs): An overlooked influence factor for the algal toxicity of PSNPs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167129. [PMID: 37730039 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
As pollution has attracted attention due to its wide distribution. An environmental concern that may be overlooked is that NPs additives are easily released into the environment due to their physical combination with NPs. However, the knowledge gaps still exist about the interfacial reactions of NPs and the additives (e.g. flame retardants) and the joint ecological effect. In the present study, fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer coupled with 2D correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) analysis revealed the interfacial reactions between polystyrene nanoplastics (PSNPs) and Dechlorane Plus (DP). Results showed that carbon‑oxygen bonds and carbon‑chlorine bonds were the important binding sites during adhesion and DP could reduce the colloidal stability. Single and joint ecological effects of PSNPs and DP on the microalgae Chlorella vulgaris were further deliberated. Reduced photosynthetic efficiency (reduced Fv/Fm by 0.03 %), higher growth inhibition (16.15 %) and oxidative damage (increased ROS by 152 %) were observed in algae under co-exposure. Notably, DP could significantly increase the attachment of PSNPs to the surface of the algae. Metabolomics further revealed that co-exposure significantly down-regulated amino acid metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) cycle, and up-regulated fatty acid metabolism. The present study provides new insights into the risk assessment of NPs in aquatic environment by investigating the interfacial reaction mechanism and combined ecotoxicity of NPs and additives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Weitao Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lingzuo Meng
- College of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
| | - Aurang Zeb
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fan Mo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jianling Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Ruiying Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Szafranski GT, Granek EF. Contamination in mangrove ecosystems: A synthesis of literature reviews across multiple contaminant categories. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115595. [PMID: 37852064 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Mangrove forests are exposed to diverse ocean-sourced and land-based contaminants, yet mangrove contamination research lags. We synthesize existing data and identify major gaps in research on five classes of mangrove contaminants: trace metals, persistent organic pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, microplastics, and pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Research is concentrated in Asia, neglected in Africa and the Americas; higher concentrations are correlated with waste water treatment plants, industry, and urbanized landscapes. Trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, frequently at concentrations below regulatory thresholds, may bioconcentrate in fauna, whereas persistent organic pollutants were at levels potentially harmful to biota through short- or long-term exposure. Microplastics were at variable levels, yet lack regulatory and ecotoxicological thresholds. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products received minimal research despite biological activity at small concentrations. Given potential synergistic effects, multi-contaminant research, increased monitoring of multiple contaminant classes, and increased public outreach and involvement are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey T Szafranski
- Environmental Science & Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States of America
| | - Elise F Granek
- Environmental Science & Management, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States of America.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Fu J, Zhang H, Li R, Shi T, Wang L, Cheng G, Huang J, Li S, Gao H, Jin S, Na G. Spatial distribution, source, and ecological risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) in Jiaozhou Bay, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 192:114978. [PMID: 37209659 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are commonly found in the environment as components of brominated flame retardants. Due to their potential impact on human health and wildlife, it is imperative to closely monitor and manage their levels in the environment. This study investigated the spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risks of PBDEs and HBCDs in Jiaozhou Bay (JZB), a large bay situated on the eastern coast of China. The results showed that PBDE concentrations ranged from not detected (ND) to 7.93 ng/L in the water and ND to 65.76 ng/g in the sediment, while HBCD concentrations ranged from ND to 0.31 ng/L in the water and ND to 16.63 ng/g in the sediment. Furthermore, we observed significantly higher concentrations of PBDEs and HBCDs in the inner JZB compared to the outer JZB. Our source apportionment analysis showed that PBDEs primarily originated from the production and debromination of BDE-209, as well as the emission of commercial PeBDEs, whereas HBCDs in sediments mostly stemmed from anthropogenic activities and river input. Finally, our eco-logical risk assessment highlighted the need for continuous monitoring of PBDEs in JZB sediments. Overall, our study aims to provide valuable assistance for the environmental management of the JZB bay area, which is characterized by a complex net-work of rivers and a thriving economy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ruijing Li
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tengda Shi
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Lisha Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Guanjie Cheng
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China; College of Marine Technology and Environment, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiajin Huang
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Laboratory for Coastal Marine Eco-environment Process and Carbon Sink of Hainan Province/Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China
| | - Hui Gao
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Shuaichen Jin
- National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Guangshui Na
- Laboratory for Coastal Marine Eco-environment Process and Carbon Sink of Hainan Province/Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute, Hainan Tropical Ocean University, Sanya 572022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fang C, Zheng R, Hong F, Chen S, Chen G, Zhang M, Gao F, Chen J, Bo J. First evidence of meso- and microplastics on the mangrove leaves ingested by herbivorous snails and induced transcriptional responses. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161240. [PMID: 36587672 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although evidence suggests the ubiquity of meso- and microplastics (MMPs) in mangrove forests, our knowledge of their bioavailability and risk on mangrove leaves is scarce. Here, we investigated MMP contamination concerning submerged mangrove leaves and herbivorous snails that mainly feed on them from the four mangrove forests located in Beibu Gulf, Guangxi Province, China. Results showed that the MMP abundance on the mangrove leaves ranged from 0.01 ± 0.00 to 0.42 ± 0.15 items cm-2, while it ranged from 0.33 ± 0.21 to 6.20 ± 2.91 items individual-1 in the snails. There were significant positive correlations between snails and leaves regarding the abundance of total MMPs and the proportions of MMPs with the same characteristics. Expanded polystyrene (EPS) that mainly derived from aquaculture rafts, accounted for a major component both on the leaves and in the snails in Shi Jiao (SJ). Both the detection frequency and percentage of larger EPS (2.00-17.50 mm) on the leaves in SJ were higher than other sites. Meanwhile, the detection frequency, abundance and percentage of larger EPS on the leaves had significant positive correlations with those of micro-EPS in the snails. These findings suggested that mangrove leaves may represent a viable pathway for MMPs to enter the herbivorous snails. Larger EPS with higher frequency of occurrence on mangrove leaves were more likely to be encountered and ingested by snail considering its opportunistic feeding behavior. In addition, 11 sensitive genes involved in the processes of metabolism, intestinal mucosal immune systems, and cellular transduction in the snails were significantly suppressed by MMP exposure, which may be potentially used as early biomarkers to indicate the biological effects of MMPs under realistic environmental conditions. Overall, this study provides novel insights into the fate, sources, and biological effects of MMPs on mangrove leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Fang
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536015, China
| | - Ronghui Zheng
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fukun Hong
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Shunyang Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536015, China
| | - Guangcheng Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; Observation and Research Station of Coastal Wetland Ecosystem in Beibu Gulf, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beihai 536015, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Fulong Gao
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jincan Chen
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean & Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jun Bo
- Laboratory of Marine Biodiversity, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Paliya S, Mandpe A, Kumar MS, Kumar S, Kumar R. Assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ether contamination and associated human exposure risk at municipal waste dumping sites. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:4437-4453. [PMID: 35113302 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01208-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The reports concerning the occurrence and fate of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) at municipal solid waste (MSW) dumping sites are scarce, and considering the Indian context, no study has been conducted to assess PBDE contamination at MSW dumping sites and associated exposure and health risk. Therefore, in the present study, the concentration of PBDE congeners was investigated in soil samples amassed from MSW dumping sites of India and the factors affecting the dissemination of different PBDE congeners in soil were evaluated. Also, the human exposure and health risk through soil intake and dermal contact were also evaluated the first time in India. The total PBDE concentrations from tri- to deBDE congeners in soil ranged from 6.81 to 33.67 μg/g dw and showed a trend towards higher levels of PBDEs in the dumping sites of more populous cities. BDE 183 was found to be the main congener in the soil of the dumping sites. The congener profile in the soil exhibited the composition of the octa- and deBDE technical mixture and possibilities of biological and photodegradation of deBDE into lower brominated congeners. A significant correlation was observed between the measures of BDE 183 and BDE 209 congeners and carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen contents of the soil. The measured exposure doses of PBDEs through soil intake and dermal contact and the hazard index was estimated higher in children as compared to adults, which indicates the increased risk and susceptibility of infants and children to PBDE exposure. The results of the present study revealed that the MSW dumping sites in India are a sink of PBDEs and might have detrimental effects on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonam Paliya
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Ashootosh Mandpe
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, 453 552, India
| | - Manukonda Suresh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440 020, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yu Y, Lu M, Ge X, Ma S, Liu H, Li G, An T. Composition profiles of halogenated flame-retardants in the surface soils and in-situ cypress leaves from two chemical industrial parks. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157129. [PMID: 35792269 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information available regarding the investigation on typical organic pollutants between the soil and in-situ grown plant leaves. This study is to reveal whether the pollution characteristics of soil and leaves can reflect the long-term and short-term pollution situation, and to find the differences between halogenated flame-retardants in the surface soils and in-situ cypress leaves. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), dechlorane plus (DP), and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) in were investigated in two different industrial parks, which were located at the largest brominated flame-retardant-manufacturing center in Weifang, China. These chemicals were frequently detected with high median concentrations of PBDEs (1.22 × 103 ng/g) and DBDPE (227 ng/g) in the soil samples, and DBDPE (881 ng/g) and PBDEs (461 ng/g) in the in-situ cypress leaves. The DP concentration was 1-4 orders of magnitude lower than the other two chemicals in both the matrices. Different composition profiles of the chemicals in soil and cypress leaves were observed. The PBDEs and DBDPE were found to be the predominant species in soils and cypress leaves, respectively. In comparison, the LG industrial parks had higher concentrations of PBDEs and DBDPE in both the soils and cypress leaves. No significant correlations were observed for these chemicals between the soil and leaf samples, although significant correlations (p < 0.05) were observed for several PBDE congeners among all samples from the industrial parks and a separate industrial park. The results indicated that the soil was not the important source of these chemicals in leaves. A large proportion of DBDPE was preferentially present in cypress leaves, which revealed the situation of recent pollution. The results deepen the understanding of chemical distribution characteristics among different environmental matrices in soils and leaves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Meijuan Lu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiang Ge
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shengtao Ma
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang L, Liu Y, Ding F, Zhang Y, Liu H. Occurrence and cross-interface transfer of phthalate esters in the mangrove wetland in Dongzhai Harbor, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 807:151062. [PMID: 34673058 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phthalate esters (PAEs), the most widely used plasticizers, are extensively present in various environmental media, and are continuously transported from land to sea. However, PAEs have not been well characterized in multiple media in mangrove wetlands, an important land-sea interface. This study investigated the distribution and transfer of six PAEs in water, sediment, mangroves, and fish in Dongzhai Harbor. The mangrove forest in Dongzhai Harbor is the largest in China and is surrounded by shrimp ponds and villages. PAEs are ubiquitous in the study area. The mean concentration range of ∑6PAEs was 0.31-1.52 μg/L in water, 450-2096 μg/kg dry weight (dw) in sediment, 210-937 μg/kg dw in mangrove plants, and not detected (n.d.) -205 μg/kg in fish. Among the six PAEs, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were predominant. The concentrations of the PAEs in mangrove plants tended to decrease from the river and coast to tidal gullies, which might be related to the periodic inundation of tides. A study of PAEs bioaccumulation showed that the concentration of PAEs in herbivorous fish was higher than that in carnivorous fish. In the same species, larger individuals had a lower concentration of ∑6PAEs. Di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) and DEHP tended to transfer from water to sediments, while the four less-hydrophobic PAEs, such as DBP, were more likely to be released from sediments to water. Our results can provide important information of the distribution and fate of PAEs in mangrove wetlands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Yuyan Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Hainan Province, PR China.
| | - Fangfang Ding
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Hainan Province, PR China
| | - Haofeng Liu
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, PR China; Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Environmental Change of Tropical Islands, Hainan Province, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Girones L, Oliva AL, Negrin VL, Marcovecchio JE, Arias AH. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in coastal wetlands: A review of their occurrences, toxic effects, and biogeochemical cycling. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 172:112864. [PMID: 34482253 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands, such as mangroves, seagrass beds, and salt marshes, are highly threatened by increasing anthropic pressures, including chemical pollution. Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have attracted attention in these particularly vulnerable ecosystems, due to their bioaccumulative, pervasive, and ecotoxic behavior. This article reviews and summarizes available information regarding current levels, biogeochemical cycling, and effects of POPs on coastal wetlands. Sediment POP levels were compared with international quality guidelines, revealing many areas where compounds could cause damage to biota. Despite this, toxicological studies on some coastal wetland plants and microorganisms showed a high tolerance to those levels. These taxonomic groups are likely to play a key role in the cycling of the POPs, with an active role in their accumulation, immobilization, and degradation. Toxicity and biogeochemical processes varied markedly along three main axes; namely species, environmental conditions, and type of pollutant. While more focused research on newly and unintentionally produced POPs is needed, mainly in salt marshes and seagrass beds, with the information available so far, the environmental behavior, spatial distribution, and toxicity level of the studied POPs showed similar patterns across the three studied ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lautaro Girones
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Ana L Oliva
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Vanesa L Negrin
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Jorge E Marcovecchio
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Universidad Tecnológica Nacional (UTN)-FRBB, Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Universidad FASTA, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrés H Arias
- Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía (IADO - CONICET/UNS), Camino La Carrindanga km 7.5, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina; Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional del Sur, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang Q, Yao Y, Wang Y, Zhang Q, Cheng Z, Li Y, Yang X, Wang L, Sun H. Plant accumulation and transformation of brominated and organophosphate flame retardants: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 288:117742. [PMID: 34329057 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants can take up and transform brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) from soil, water and the atmosphere, which is of considerable significance to the geochemical cycle of BFRs and OPFRs and their human exposure. However, the current understanding of the plant uptake, translocation, accumulation, and metabolism of BFRs and OPFRs in the environment remains very limited. In this review, recent studies on the accumulation and transformation of BFRs and OPFRs in plants are summarized, the main factors affecting plant accumulation from the aspects of root uptake, foliar uptake, and plant translocation are presented, and the metabolites and metabolic pathways of BFRs and OPFRs in plants are analyzed. It was found that BFRs and OPFRs can be taken up by plants through partitioning to root lipids, as well as through gaseous and particle-bound deposition to the leaves. Their microscopic distribution in roots and leaves is important for understanding their accumulation behaviors. BFRs and OPFRs can be translocated in the xylem and phloem, but the specific transport pathways and mechanisms need to be further studied. BFRs and OPFRs can undergo phase I and phase II metabolism in plants. The identification, quantification and environmental fate of their metabolites will affect the assessment of their ecological and human exposure risks. Based on the issues mentioned above, some key directions worth studying in the future are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China; School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Zhipeng Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Yongcheng Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiaomeng Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Lei Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
A New Approach to Quantifying Bioaccumulation of Elements in Biological Processes. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10040345. [PMID: 33923892 PMCID: PMC8074188 DOI: 10.3390/biology10040345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The bioaccumulation of elements (e.g., heavy metals) in living organisms (e.g., animals) is vitally important from at least two points of view: the growth and development of the organisms themselves and remediation of the polluted environment. So far, bioaccumulation has been characterized by the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), which is the ratio between the concentration of elements in the organism to the concentration in the matrix (water, soil, etc.). This factor is a good measure of bioaccumulation in ecosystems in which an organism lives from the beginning of their lives to the moment of investigation. However, especially in laboratory experiments, when organisms at a given stage of development are introduced to the system and contain some non-zero concentration of an element, the BAF can lead to misinterpretation. Therefore, we propose a new measure called the bioaccumulation index (BAI), which is the relative increase in the concentration of a given element in the organism to its initial concentration after the experiment. We proved, on the basis of data published by other authors, that the BAI was much more valid for the interpretation of bioaccumulation in these cases. Abstract Bioaccumulation, expressed as the bioaccumulation factor (BAF), is a phenomenon widely investigated in the natural environment and at laboratory scale. However, the BAF is more suitable for ecological studies, while in small-scale experiments it has limitations, which are discussed in this article. We propose a new indicator, the bioaccumulation index (BAI). The BAI takes into account the initial load of test elements, which are added to the experimental system together with the biomass of the organism. This offers the opportunity to explore the phenomena related to the bioaccumulation and, contrary to the BAF, can also reveal the dilution of element concentration in the organism. The BAF can overestimate bioaccumulation, and in an extremal situation, when the dilution of element concentration during organism growth occurs, the BAF may produce completely opposite results to the BAI. In one of the examples presented in this work (Tschirner and Simon, 2015), the concentration of phosphorous in fly larvae was lower after the experiment than in the younger larvae before the experiment. Because the phosphorous concentration in the feed was low, the BAF indicated a high bioaccumulation of this element (BAF = 14.85). In contrast, the BAI showed element dilution, which is a more realistic situation (BAI = −0.32). By taking more data into account, the BAI seems to be more valid in determining bioaccumulation, especially in the context of entomoremediation research.
Collapse
|
15
|
Liu B, Song N, Jiang T, Wu J, Zhang L, Ge W, Chai C. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surface sediments from fishing ports along the coast of Bohai Sea, China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2021; 164:112037. [PMID: 33517093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The distribution, congener patterns, possible sources, and ecological risks of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated in the surface sediments of 20 fishing ports along the coast of Bohai Sea. PBDEs are widespread pollutants in fishing ports, and the total concentrations of 14 PBDEs (∑14PBDEs) are 4.23-20.59 ng/g with a mean value of 12.56 ng/g. BDE-209 was the dominant congener. The fishing ports with high PBDE concentrations were located near Liaohe River, Haihe River, manufacturing plants of BFRs near Laizhou Bay, and tipping areas of marine garbage. BDE-209 and BDE-47 were the most important congeners that discriminate PBDE pollution. The possible sources of PBDEs included the input of commercial mixtures of penta-BDE, octa-BDE, and deca-BDE, the debromination of BDE-209, and the atmospheric transport of the low brominated diphenyl ethers. The ecological risks in surface sediments were attributed to the congeners of tetra-BDE, penta-BDE, and deca-BDE with low or medium levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binxu Liu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ningning Song
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.
| | - Juan Wu
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Ocean, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Applied Mycology, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chao Chai
- Qingdao Engineering Research Center for Rural Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Effects of Decabrominated Diphenyl Ether Exposure on Growth, Meat Characteristics and Blood Profiles in Broilers. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020565. [PMID: 33671620 PMCID: PMC7926798 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Decabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-209) is widely used as a flame retardant and is detected at high levels in the environment. Its toxicities have been reported and have attracted attention. In the present study, broilers were used to determine the response in growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, blood profiles and antioxidant system to BDE-209 exposure at doses of 0, 0.02, 0.4 and 4 mg/kg. The results showed that BDE-209 exposure at levels of 0.02 or 0.4 mg/kg increased feed intake and decreased feed efficiency. BDE-209 altered the blood profiles, such as reducing the numbers of white blood cells, lymphocytes and neutrophilic granulocytes. As compared with the control, BDE-209 exposure significantly increased abdominal fat percentages of broilers at 64.9-159.5% and adversely affected the selected biochemical indicators, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine (CRE), which indicated its toxicity to liver and kidney functions. Moreover, BDE-209 exposure significantly increased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and decreased the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), which implied aggravating oxidant stress and decline of antioxidant capacity in broilers. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that the environmental pollutant BDE-209 adversely influenced growth performance, increased the deposition of abdominal fat, impaired antioxidant capacity and the immune system and had potential toxicity to the liver and kidney of broilers.
Collapse
|
17
|
Farzana S, Cheung SG, Kong RYC, Wong YS, Tam NFY. Enhanced remediation of BDE-209 in contaminated mangrove sediment by planting and aquaculture effluent. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142094. [PMID: 32911149 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Toxic and persistent flame retardant (BDE-209) and aquaculture effluent (AE) are ubiquitous in coastal environments, but how their co-existence influences their fate is not yet investigated. This study investigated AE effects on remediation and uptake of BDE-209 by Kandelia obovata (Ko) and Avicennia marina (Am), true and dominant mangrove species. After 12-months, a significant removal of BDE-209 was achieved in planted mangrove sediment and the removal was significantly enhanced by AE addition, possibly due to the enhancement of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) content in sediment. Residual percentages of parent BDE-209 in Ko and Am planted sediments without AE were 61.4% and 70.9%, respectively, but decreased to 46.9% and 48.0% with AE addition after 12-months. A similar trend was found in unplanted sediment, with 86.5% and 65.3% of BDE-209 retained in sediments without and with AE addition, respectively. The results demonstrated that AE addition not only increased the debromination of BDE-209 in all treated sediments with the production of debrominated congeners (de-PBDEs) like di- to nona-BDEs in unplanted and planted sediments, but also enhanced the take up of BDE-209 in Ko root, and de-PBDEs in both Ko and Am, thus enhancing the phytoremediation of BDE-209 in contaminated sediments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shazia Farzana
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Siu Gin Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - R Y C Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk Shan Wong
- School of Science and Technology, The Open University of Hong Kong, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Nora Fung Yee Tam
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; School of Science and Technology, The Open University of Hong Kong, Homantin, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang H, Chang H, Zhang C, Feng C, Wu F. Occurrence of Chlorinated Paraffins in a Wetland Ecosystem: Removal and Distribution in Plants and Sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:994-1003. [PMID: 33415977 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Constructed wetlands (CWs) are of great socioeconomic significance because they can remove anthropogenic compounds from aquatic environments. However, no information is available about the removal of persistent chlorinated paraffins by CWs. This study investigates the occurrences, fates, and mass balances of short-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs), medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (MCCPs), and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (LCCPs) in a CW ecosystem. MCCPs were the predominant compounds in water, sediments, and plants within the system. The amounts of SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs entering the wetland were 3.3, 6.8, and 3.4 g/day, respectively. Overall removal efficiencies were 51-78%, 76-86%, and 76-91% for SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs, respectively, and the greatest reduction in CPs was observed in the subsurface flow wetland unit. CPs were predominantly adsorbed onto the sediment and bioaccumulated in the plants, and their organic carbon-water partitioning and plant-water accumulation increased as the carbon and chlorine numbers increased. Sediment sorption (12-38%) and degradation (12-50%) contributed the most to the removal of CPs, but bioaccumulation of CPs in plants (3.8-12%) should not be neglected. Wetlands can economically remove large amounts of CPs, but sediment in the wetland systems could be a sink for CP pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongping Wang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Cunxu Zhang
- Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, College of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li H, Zhang Z, Sun Y, Wang W, Xie J, Xie C, Hu Y, Gao Y, Xu X, Luo X, Mai B. Tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in sediments and biota from two typical mangrove wetlands of South China: Distribution, bioaccumulation and biomagnification. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 750:141695. [PMID: 32861076 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) were examined in sediments and biota species from two mangrove wetlands of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and the Jiulong River Estuary (JRE), South China, to investigate their distribution, bioaccumulation and biomagnification in mangrove food webs. Levels of TBBPA and ΣHBCD (sum of α-, β- and γ-HBCDs) ranged from 0.003 to 0.31 and not detected (nd) to 1.11 ng/g dry weight in the sediments, and from 0.56 to 22.1 and nd to 56.3 ng/g lipid weight in the biota species, respectively. γ-HBCD was the major diastereoisomer in the PRE sediments, while α- and γ-HBCDs predominated in the JRE sediments. In contrast, α-HBCD was dominant in the biota. Mean enantiomeric fractions (EFs) of α-, β- and γ-HBCDs in the sediments all followed the trend of JRE > racemic standard > PRE. A significant enrichment of (-)-α-HBCD was found in the biota (p = 0.04), with EFs in the range of 0.297-0.485. Bioaccumulations were seen for TBBPA and α-HBCD as their biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) were greater than 1. (-)-α-HBCD had significantly greater BSAFs than (+)-α-HBCD (p = 0.04), indicating the preferential bioaccumulation of (-)-α-HBCD. Biomagnification factors (BMFs) of TBBPA ranged from 0.83 to 1.51, which varied among feeding relationships and mangroves. Positive relationships were found between TBBPA concentrations and trophic levels of the biota species with trophic magnification factors of 2.17 for the PRE and 1.22 for the JRE, suggesting that TBBPA biomagnifies in the mangrove food webs. No biomagnifications were observed for ΣHBCD, α-HBCD and its enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zaiwang Zhang
- Shandong Engineering and Technology Research Center for Ecological Fragile Belt of Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou 256600, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Weiwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinli Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chenmin Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxia Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yongli Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang G, Liu Y, Jiang N, Liu Y, Zhao X, Tao W, Lou Y, Li N, Wang H. Field study on bioaccumulation and translocation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the sediment-plant system of a national nature reserve, North China. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 261:127740. [PMID: 32731024 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are the ubiquitous contaminants in the coastal wetlands, with high persistence and toxicity. Environmental behaviors of PBDEs in sediment-plant system is a hot research area, where much uncertainties still occurred in field environment. In this study, the sediments and Suaeda heteroptera were synchronously collected to investigate the bioaccumulation and translocation of PBDEs in Liaohe coastal wetland. Mean concentrations of PBDEs in sediments, roots, stems and leaves were 8.37, 6.64, 2.42 and 1.40 ng/g d.w., respectively. Tissue-specific accumulation of PBDEs were detected in Suaeda heteroptera, with predominant accumulation in roots. Congener patterns of PBDEs were similar between sediments and roots, demonstrating root uptake as the key pathway of PBDE bioaccumulation. The proportions of lower brominated congeners increased from roots to leaves, implying the congener-specific translocation. Meanwhile, the lower brominated congeners exhibited higher sediment-tissue bioaccumulation (AFs) and translocation factors (TFs) compared to higher brominated congeners in Suaeda heteroptera, further verifying their preferential translocation. AFs and TFs of PBDEs were both not correlated with their log Kow, which was inconsistent with those of laboratory studies, reflecting the complicated behaviors of PBDEs in field environment. This is the first comprehensive report on bioaccumulation and translocation of PBDEs within Suaeda heteroptera in Liaohe coastal wetland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoguang Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China; Environmental Information Institute, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Na Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yuxin Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Xinda Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Wei Tao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yadi Lou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Na Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Navigation College, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zafar MI, Kali S, Ali M, Riaz MA, Naz T, Iqbal MM, Masood N, Munawar K, Jan B, Ahmed S, Waseem A, Niazi MBK. Dechlorane Plus as an emerging environmental pollutant in Asia: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:42369-42389. [PMID: 32864714 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10609-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dechlorane Plus (DP) is an unregulated, highly chlorinated flame retardant. It has been manufactured from past 40 years but its presence in the environment was initially reported in 2006. Later, it has been found in various biotic and abiotic environmental matrices. However, little attention has been paid to monitor its presence in Asia. Many studies have reported the occurrence of DP in the environment of Asia, yet the data are scarce, and studies are limited to few regions. The objective of present review is to summarize the occurrence, distribution, and toxicity of this ubiquitous pollutant in various environmental matrices (biotic and abiotic). DP has also been reported in the areas with no emission sources, which proves its long-range transport. Moreover, urbanization and industrialization also affect the distribution of DP, i.e., high levels of DP have been found in urban areas relative to the rural. Tidal movement also incorporates in transport of DP across the aquatic system. Further, bioaccumulation trend of DP in various tissues is kidney > liver > muscle tissues, whereas, blood brain barrier resists its accumulation in brain tissues. Additionally, gender-based accumulation trends revealed high DP levels in females in comparison to males due to strong metabolism of males. Furthermore, methodological aspects and instrumental analysis used in previous studies have also been summarized here. However, data on biomagnification in aquatic ecosystem and bioaccumulation of DP in terrestrial food web are still scarce. Toxicity behavior of syn-DP and anti-DP is still unknown which might gain the interest for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Iqbal Zafar
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan.
| | - Sundas Kali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Mehtabidah Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asam Riaz
- Department of Entomology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602-2603, USA
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Naz
- Environmental Science Research Group, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
- Environmental Stress Physiology Laboratory, Institute of Soil and Environmental, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Eco-chemistry, Department of Applied Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Soil and Water Testing Laboratory, Department of Agriculture, Government of Punjab, Chiniot, Pakistan
| | - Noshin Masood
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Kashif Munawar
- Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Jan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | - Sohail Ahmed
- Department of Agricultural Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Amir Waseem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, 45320, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Maddela NR, Venkateswarlu K, Kakarla D, Megharaj M. Inevitable human exposure to emissions of polybrominated diphenyl ethers: A perspective on potential health risks. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115240. [PMID: 32698055 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) serve as flame retardants in many household materials such as electrical and electronic devices, furniture, textiles, plastics, and baby products. Though the use of PBDEs like penta-, octa- and deca-BDE greatly reduces the fire damage, indoor pollution by these toxic emissions is ever-growing. In fact, a boom in the global market projections of PBDEs threatens human health security. Therefore, efforts are made to minimize PBDEs pollution in USA and Europe by encouraging voluntary phasing out of the production or imposing compelled regulations through Stockholm Convention, but >500 kilotons of PBDEs still exist globally. Both 'environmental persistence' and 'bioaccumulation tendencies' are the hallmarks of PBDE toxicities; however, both these issues concerning household emissions of PBDEs have been least addressed theoretically or practically. Critical physiological functions, lipophilicity and toxicity, trophic transfer and tissue specificities are of utmost importance in the benefit/risk assessments of PBDEs. Since indoor debromination of deca-BDE often yields many products, a better understanding on their sorption propensity, environmental fate and human toxicities is critical in taking rigorous measures on the ever-growing global deca-BDE market. The data available in the literature on human toxicities of PBDEs have been validated following meta-analysis. In this direction, the intent of the present review was to provide a critical evaluation of the key aspects like compositional patterns/isomer ratios of PBDEs implicated in bioaccumulation, indoor PBDE emissions versus human exposure, secured technologies to deal with the toxic emissions, and human toxicity of PBDEs in relation to the number of bromine atoms. Finally, an emphasis has been made on the knowledge gaps and future research directions related to endurable flame retardants which could fit well into the benefit/risk strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naga Raju Maddela
- Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, 130105, Ecuador; Facultad la Ciencias la Salud, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Portoviejo, 130105, Ecuador
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapuramu, 515003, India
| | - Dhatri Kakarla
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment (CRC CARE), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Śmiełowska M, Zabiegała B. Current trends in analytical strategies for the determination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in samples with different matrix compositions – Part 2: New approaches to PBDEs determination. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
24
|
Hu Y, Sun Y, Pei N, Zhang Z, Li H, Wang W, Xie J, Xu X, Luo X, Mai B. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and alternative halogenated flame retardants in mangrove plants from Futian National Nature Reserve of Shenzhen City, South China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 260:114087. [PMID: 32041014 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) are ubiquitous in the environment, but little information is available about the bioaccumulation of HFRs in mangrove plants. In this study, three mangrove plant species were collected from Futian National Nature Reserve of Shenzhen City, South China to investigate the bioaccumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and several alternative halogenated flame retardants (AHFRs), including decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), hexabromobenzene (HBB), pentabromotoluene (PBT), tetrabromop-xylene (pTBX), pentabromoethylbenzene (PBEB) and dechlorane plus (DP). The mean concentrations of PBDEs, DBDPE, BTBPE, pTBX, PBT, PBEB, HBB and DP in mangrove plant species were 2010, 1870, 36.2, 18.7, 40.1, 17.8, 9.68 and 120 pg g-1 dry weight, respectively. PBDEs were the dominant HFRs in mangrove plant tissues, followed by DBDPE. The relative abundance of BDE 209 in three mangrove plant tissues were much lower than those in sediments. Significant negative relationships between log root bioaccumulation factors and log Kow, and between log TFr-s (from root to stem) and log Kow were observed, indicating that HFRs with low hydrophobicity were easily absorbed by mangrove roots and stems. A positive correlation between log TFs-l (from stem to leaf) and log Kow were found, suggesting that air-leaf exchange may occur in mangrove plants. This study highlights the uptake of HFRs by mangrove plants, which can be used as remediation for HFRs contamination in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Nancai Pei
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Zaiwang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Huawei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinli Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Qiu YW, Wang DX, Zhang G. Assessment of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in sediments of the Eastern Indian Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136335. [PMID: 31926415 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in sediments from the Eastern Indian Ocean were analyzed by GC-MS/MS to explore the status of contamination, distribution and their potential sources and risk. The average (±SD) concentrations of total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (∑16PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (∑10PBDEs), dechlorane plus (∑2DP), organochlorine pesticides (∑22OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (∑31PCBs) in sediments were 79,900 ± 31,400, 173 ± 62, 42 ± 24, 1051 ± 305 and 147 ± 24 pg g-1 dw (or 11,200 ± 7200, 28 ± 26, 6 ± 6, 168 ± 121 and 24 ± 17 ng g-1 organic carbon), respectively. The concentrations of POPs in sediments were generally at low to median levels compared to those recorded in other ocean sediments. Composition analyses suggest that PAHs originate from both petrogenic and pyrogenic sources, while dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) mainly comes from technical-DDT, hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) from lindane, and chlordane from fresh inputs. The risk assessments show that the targeted chemicals except for chlordane and naphthalene in sediments do not pose potential biological effects to the organisms in the Eastern Indian Ocean. The present study contributes to the very rare data on PAHs, PBDEs, DP, OCPs and PCBs in the vast deep-ocean and will deepen our knowledge of the fate of POPs in ocean environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Wen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510301, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ocean Remote Sensing, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Dong-Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang Y, Yuan L, Lin Q, Ma S, Yu Y. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the environment and human external and internal exposure in China: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 696:133902. [PMID: 31470322 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are widely used as brominated flame retardants. Because of their toxicity and persistence, some PBDEs were restricted under the Stockholm Convention in 2009. Since then, many studies have been carried out on PBDEs in China and in many other countries. In the present review, the occurrences and contamination of PBDEs in air, water, sediment, soil, biota and daily food, human blood, hair, and other human tissues in China are comprehensively reviewed and described. The human exposure pathways and associated health risks of PBDEs are summarized. The data showed no obvious differences between North and South China, but concentrations from West China were generally lower than in East China, which can be mainly attributed to the production and widespread use of PBDEs in eastern regions. High levels of PBDEs were generally observed in the PBDE production facilities (e.g., Jiangsu Province and Shandong Province, East China) and e-waste recycling sites (Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, East China, and Guiyu City and Qingyuan City, both located in Guangdong Province, South China) and large cities, whereas low levels were detected in rural and less-developed areas, especially in remote regions such as the Tibetan Plateau. Deca-BDE is generally the major congener. Existing problems for PBDE investigations in China are revealed, and further studies are also discussed and anticipated. In particular, non-invasive matrices such as hair should be more thoroughly studied; more accurate estimations of human exposure and health risks should be performed, such as adding bioaccessibility or bioavailability to human exposure assessments; and the degradation products and metabolites of PBDEs in human bodies should receive more attention. More investigations should be carried out to evaluate the quantitative relationships between internal and external exposure so as to provide a scientific basis for ensuring human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jiang
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Longmiao Yuan
- School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, PR China
| | - Qinhao Lin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Shentao Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515100, China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ren G, Yan X, Chu X, Cai Y, Shi Y, Zheng K, Yu Z. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and polychlorinated biphenyls in mangrove sediments of Shantou, China: Occurrence, profiles, depth-distribution, and risk assessment. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 183:109564. [PMID: 31442805 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Surface and columnar sediments were collected from four mangrove Wetlands in Shantou coastal areas of South China to investigate the level, distribution, possible sources and ecotoxicological risks of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Total concentration of 14 PBDEs (∑14PBDEs) and 41 PCBs (∑41PCBs) varied from 0.61 to 180 ng/g and 42-636 pg/g dry weight (dw) in surface sediments, respectively. The concentration of PBDEs was much higher than that of PCBs. Compared with other mangrove Wetlands around the world, PCBs levels in the studied area were relatively low, while the concentrations of PBDE were at higher level. Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was the predominant PBDEs homologue in all sediment samples, indicating the extensive use of deca-BDE in this area. Penta-CBs and hexa-CBs were the main homologues of PCBs. Spatial variations showed that the concentration of PBDEs might be mainly affected by anthropogenic activities in specific sites of this region, whereas dry and wet deposition might be an important input source of PCBs in this area. Although accurate sediment chronology was not available, higher concentrations of PBDEs and PCBs were still found in some deeper sediment layers, suggesting that new input quantity tends to decrease with the increase of control. Risk assessment showed that penta-BDEs and deca-BDE may have potential negative ecological effects on the ecological of Shantou mangrove sediments, while the effects of PCBs can be neglected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guofa Ren
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xiaoling Yan
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaodong Chu
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yunmei Cai
- Guangdong Polytechnic of Environmental Protection Engineering, Foshan, Guangdong, 528216, China; State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Yichao Shi
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Kewen Zheng
- Institute of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment Protection and Resources Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Li H, Hu Y, Sun Y, De Silva AO, Muir DCG, Wang W, Xie J, Xu X, Pei N, Xiong Y, Luo X, Mai B. Bioaccumulation and translocation of tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in mangrove plants from a national nature reserve of Shenzhen City, South China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 129:239-246. [PMID: 31146158 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brominated flame retardants (BFRs) such as tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) are of ecological concern due to their ubiquitous presence and adverse effects. There is a paucity of data on environmental fate of such compounds in mangrove wetlands, which are unique ecosystems in coastal intertidal areas and act as natural sinks for many pollutants. In this study, mangrove plants and sediments were collected from an urban nature reserve in South China to investigate bioaccumulation and translocation of TBBPA and HBCDs. The mean (range) concentrations of TBBPA and ΣHBCD in roots, stems and leaves were 67 (<MDL-999), 174 (0.73-1105) and 20 (0.59-250) pg/g dry weight (dw), and 329 (15.6-2234), 766 (32.9-3255) and 298 (19.9-1520) pg/g dw, respectively. Tissue-specific accumulations were observed, varying with plant species and compounds. HBCD diastereoisomer patterns were similar for all plant species. γ-HBCD was the major diastereoisomer in roots, while α-HBCD dominated in stems and leaves. The predominance of α-HBCD in aboveground tissues may be ascribed to diastereoisomer-specific translocation, isomerization and/or metabolization in mangrove plants. Preferential enrichment of (-)-α-, (-)-β- and (+)-γ-HBCDs was found in all mangrove plant tissues, suggesting the enantioselectivity for HBCDs in mangrove plants. Translocation factors (log TF, root to stem) of HBCD diastereoisomers and log Kow were negatively correlated (p = 0.03), indicating passive translocation of HBCDs, driven by water movement during transpiration. Sediment-root bioaccumulation factors and log TFs (stem to leaf) both showed no obvious correlation with log Kow of HBCD diastereoisomers. These results reflected the complex behavior of HBCDs in mangrove plants, which have not been sufficiently captured in laboratory-based studies of plant contaminant accumulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yongxia Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington L7S 1A1, Canada.
| | - Amila O De Silva
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Derek C G Muir
- Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Burlington L7S 1A1, Canada
| | - Weiwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinli Xie
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Nancai Pei
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Yanmei Xiong
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China
| | - Xiaojun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hu Y, Pei N, Sun Y, Xu X, Zhang Z, Li H, Wang W, Zuo L, Xiong Y, Zeng Y, He K, Mai B. Halogenated flame retardants in mangrove sediments from the Pearl River Estuary, South China: Comparison with historical data and correlation with microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:315-322. [PMID: 30995592 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDD) and dechlorane plus (DP) were measured in sediments collected from three mangrove wetlands of the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) in South China. This study aims to investigate the distribution of these halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) and the correlations between HFRs and microbial community structure in mangrove sediments. Concentrations of PBDEs, DBDPE, BTBPE, TBBPA, HBCDD and DP in mangrove sediments ranged from 6.97 to 216.1, 3.70-26.0, 0.02-0.73, 0.02-37.5, 0.44-127.5 and 0.07-2.23 ng/g dry weight, respectively. Higher levels of PBDEs, BTBPE, HBCDD and DP were observed in sediments from Futian mangrove wetland of Shenzhen, the only nature reserve located in the downtown of China. The highest concentration of TBBPA found in mangrove sediments from Guangzhou was proximate to a ferry terminal and a dockyard where TBBPA is widely used in the coatings. PBDEs were the predominant HFRs in mangrove sediments, with an average contribution of 63.0%. Mangrove sediments from Guangzhou and Zhuhai showed an enrichment of (-)-α-HBCDD, (-)-β-HBCDD and (-)-γ-HBCDD. Concentrations of HFRs in mangrove sediments from Guangzhou increased significantly from 2012 to 2015, which was probably due to the establishment and rapid development of Nansha Free Trade Zone of Guangzhou. Redundancy analysis showed that HFRs may cause a shift of microbial community structure in mangrove sediments and the variations were significantly correlated with TBBPA, syn-DP and BTBPE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxia Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Nancai Pei
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Yuxin Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China.
| | - Xiangrong Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; Institution of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Zaiwang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Huawei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Linzi Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology; Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510301, China
| | - Yanmei Xiong
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Yanhong Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Kehong He
- Qi'ao Island Mangrove Nature Reserve, Zhuhai, 519080, China
| | - Bixian Mai
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chai M, Ding H, Shen X, Li R. Contamination and ecological risk of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in surface sediments of mangrove wetlands: A nationwide study in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 249:992-1001. [PMID: 31146319 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves act as sinks for terrigenous pollutants to alleviate their influence on offshore marine ecosystem. The nationwide study of PBDEs contamination in mangrove wetlands of China has not been explored, and their risk for human health lack quantitative analysis. In this study, sediment samples were collected in six mangrove wetlands along coastal area of South China to evaluate the levels, congener distributions and ecological risks of eight PBDEs, including BDE-28, -47, -99, -100, -153, -154, -183, and -209. Levels of ∑PBDEs (the sum of seven PBDEs except BDE-209) and BDE-209 were 0.13-2.18 ng g-1 and 1.44-120.28 ng g-1, respectively. In particular, mean level of BDE-209 was highest in Futian, followed by Yunxiao, Fangchenggang, Zhanjiang, Dongzhaigang, and Dongfang. As dominant PBDE congener, BDE-209 accounted for 63.6%-99.1% of the total PBDEs, suggesting the major sources of commercial deca-BDE mixtures. Among seven PBDE congeners except BDE-209, slightly different percentages of PBDE congeners were detected, with BDE-154, -47, and -100 being predominant congeners. Positive relationship was observed for total organic matter (TOM) with BDE-209, with no such relationships found for particle size compositions (clay, silt and sand). As for sediment-dwelling organism, the ecological risks from tri-, tera-, and hexa-BDE congeners could be negligible, and those from penta- and deca-BDE congeners were low or moderate, indicating major ecological risk drivers of penta- and deca-BDE congeners in mangrove wetlands in China. The ecological risk of PBDEs in mangrove sediments for human health was thought to be consumption of fish which would bioaccumulate PBDEs from the contaminated sediment. As for human health, the levels of non-cancer risks of PBDEs were all lower than 1, and the cancer risk was far less than the threshold level (10-6), demonstrating low risk for human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minwei Chai
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Huan Ding
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxue Shen
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruili Li
- School of Environment and Energy, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|