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Strücker GK, Jaramillo ML, de Quadros T, Nazari EM. UVB radiation exposure modulates mitophagy in embryonic cells of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium olfersii: Exploring a protective organelle quality control mechanism. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 295:111664. [PMID: 38735623 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Aquatic environments are subject to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation incidence, and its effects on organisms are dose-dependent. Besides DNA, mitochondria are an important target of this radiation that causes structural damage and impairs its functional dynamics. Here, we hypothesize that mitophagy acts as an organelle quality control mechanism to mitigate UVB impacts in embryonic cells. Then, freshwater prawn Macrobrachium olfersii embryos was used as a model to investigate the effects of UVB on genes (Tomm20, Opa1, Pink, Prkn, Sqstm1, and Map1lc3) and proteins (TOM20, PINK1, p62 and LC3B) involved in mitophagy modulation. The choice of genes and proteins was based on the identification of mitochondrial membrane (Tomm20, Opa1 and TOM20), mediation of mitophagy (Pink1, Prkn and PINK1), and recognition of mitochondria by the autophagosome membrane (Sqstm1, Map1lc3, p62 and LC3B). First, the phylogeny of all genes presented bootstrap values >80 and conserved domains among crustacean species. Gene expression was inherently modulated during development, with transcripts (Tomm20, Opa1, Pink, Prkn, Sqstm1, and Map1lc3) overexpressed in the initial and final stages of development. Moreover, UVB radiation induced upregulation of Tomm20, Opa1, Pink, Prkn, Sqstm1, and Map1lc3 genes at 6 h after exposure. Interestingly, after 12 h, the protein content of PINK1, p62, and LC3B increased, while TOM20 was not responsive. Despite UVB radiation's harmful effects on embryonic cells, the chronology of gene expression and protein content indicates rapid activation of mitophagy, serving as an organelle quality control mechanism, given the analyzed cells' integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliam K Strücker
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Michael L Jaramillo
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Thaline de Quadros
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Evelise M Nazari
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Embriologia e Genética, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
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Downie AT, Wu NC, Cramp RL, Franklin CE. Sublethal consequences of ultraviolet radiation exposure on vertebrates: Synthesis through meta-analysis. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2023; 29:6620-6634. [PMID: 37366045 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) from the sun is a natural daytime stressor for vertebrates in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. UVR effects on the physiology of vertebrates manifest at the cellular level, but have bottom-up effects at the tissue level and on whole-animal performance and behaviours. Climate change and habitat loss (i.e. loss of shelter from UVR) could interact with and exacerbate the genotoxic and cytotoxic impacts of UVR on vertebrates. Therefore, it is important to understand the range and magnitude of effects that UVR can have on a diversity of physiological metrics, and how these may be shaped by taxa, life stage or geographical range in the major vertebrate groups. Using a meta-analytical approach, we used 895 observations from 47 different vertebrate species (fish, amphibian, reptile and bird), and 51 physiological metrics (i.e. cellular, tissue and whole-animal metrics), across 73 independent studies, to elucidate the general patterns of UVR effects on vertebrate physiology. We found that while UVR's impacts on vertebrates are generally negative, fish and amphibians were the most susceptible taxa, adult and larvae were the most susceptible life stages, and animals inhabiting temperate and tropical latitudes were the most susceptible to UVR stress. This information is critical to further our understanding of the adaptive capacity of vulnerable taxon to UVR stress, and the wide-spread sublethal physiological effects of UVR on vertebrates, such as DNA damage and cellular stress, which may translate up to impaired growth and locomotor performance. These impairments to individual fitness highlighted by our study may potentially cause disruptions at the ecosystem scale, especially if the effects of this pervasive diurnal stressor are exacerbated by climate change and reduced refuge due to habitat loss and degradation. Therefore, conservation of habitats that provide refuge to UVR stress will be critical to mitigate stress from this pervasive daytime stressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam T Downie
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas C Wu
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Richmond, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Cramp
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
| | - Craig E Franklin
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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3
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Neale PJ, Williamson CE, Banaszak AT, Häder DP, Hylander S, Ossola R, Rose KC, Wängberg SÅ, Zepp R. The response of aquatic ecosystems to the interactive effects of stratospheric ozone depletion, UV radiation, and climate change. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2023:10.1007/s43630-023-00370-z. [PMID: 37129840 PMCID: PMC10153058 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00370-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Variations in stratospheric ozone and changes in the aquatic environment by climate change and human activity are modifying the exposure of aquatic ecosystems to UV radiation. These shifts in exposure have consequences for the distributions of species, biogeochemical cycles, and services provided by aquatic ecosystems. This Quadrennial Assessment presents the latest knowledge on the multi-faceted interactions between the effects of UV irradiation and climate change, and other anthropogenic activities, and how these conditions are changing aquatic ecosystems. Climate change results in variations in the depth of mixing, the thickness of ice cover, the duration of ice-free conditions and inputs of dissolved organic matter, all of which can either increase or decrease exposure to UV radiation. Anthropogenic activities release oil, UV filters in sunscreens, and microplastics into the aquatic environment that are then modified by UV radiation, frequently amplifying adverse effects on aquatic organisms and their environments. The impacts of these changes in combination with factors such as warming and ocean acidification are considered for aquatic micro-organisms, macroalgae, plants, and animals (floating, swimming, and attached). Minimising the disruptive consequences of these effects on critical services provided by the world's rivers, lakes and oceans (freshwater supply, recreation, transport, and food security) will not only require continued adherence to the Montreal Protocol but also a wider inclusion of solar UV radiation and its effects in studies and/or models of aquatic ecosystems under conditions of the future global climate.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Neale
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, USA.
| | | | - A T Banaszak
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Unidad Académica de Sistemas Arrecifales, Puerto Morelos, Mexico
| | - D-P Häder
- Friedrich-Alexander University, Möhrendorf, Germany
| | | | - R Ossola
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, USA
| | - K C Rose
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA
| | | | - R Zepp
- ORD/CEMM, US Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, USA
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Pasparakis C, Wang Y, Heuer RM, Zhang W, Stieglitz JD, McGuigan CJ, Benetti DD, Scholey VP, Margulies D, Grosell M. Ultraviolet avoidance by embryonic buoyancy control in three species of marine fish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150542. [PMID: 34582874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pelagic fish embryos are thought to float in or near surface waters for the majority of their development and are presumed to have little to no control over their mobility, rendering these embryos at high risk for damages associated with surface stressors such as ultraviolet radiation (UVR). We recently challenged these long-standing paradigms by characterizing a potential mechanism of stressor avoidance in early-life stage mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) in which embryos sense external cues, such as UVR, and modify their buoyancy to reduce further exposure. It is unknown whether embryos of other marine fish with pelagic spawning strategies have similar capabilities. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated buoyancy change in response to UVR in three additional species of marine fish that utilize a pelagic spawning strategy: yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), and cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Embryos of all three species displayed increased specific gravity and loss of buoyancy after exposures to environmentally relevant doses of UVR, a response that may be ubiquitous to fish with pelagic embryos. To gain further insight into this response, we investigated recovery of buoyancy, oxygen consumption, energy depletion, and photolyase induction in response to UVR exposures in at least one of the three species listed above.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pasparakis
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA; University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Yadong Wang
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rachael M Heuer
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - John D Stieglitz
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Charles J McGuigan
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Daniel D Benetti
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vernon P Scholey
- Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission, Achotines Laboratory, Panama
| | | | - Martin Grosell
- University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, FL, USA
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Bender ML, Giebichenstein J, Teisrud RN, Laurent J, Frantzen M, Meador JP, Sørensen L, Hansen BH, Reinardy HC, Laurel B, Nahrgang J. Combined effects of crude oil exposure and warming on eggs and larvae of an arctic forage fish. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8410. [PMID: 33863955 PMCID: PMC8052424 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87932-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change, along with environmental pollution, can act synergistically on an organism to amplify adverse effects of exposure. The Arctic is undergoing profound climatic change and an increase in human activity, resulting in a heightened risk of accidental oil spills. Embryos and larvae of polar cod (Boreogadus saida), a key Arctic forage fish species, were exposed to low levels of crude oil concurrently with a 2.3 °C increase in water temperature. Here we show synergistic adverse effects of increased temperature and crude oil exposure on early life stages documented by an increased prevalence of malformations and mortality in exposed larvae. The combined effects of these stressors were most prevalent in the first feeding larval stages despite embryonic exposure, highlighting potential long-term consequences of exposure for survival, growth, and reproduction. Our findings suggest that a warmer Arctic with greater human activity will adversely impact early life stages of this circumpolar forage fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan Lizabeth Bender
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Julia Giebichenstein
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Ragnar N. Teisrud
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jennifer Laurent
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Marianne Frantzen
- grid.417991.30000 0004 7704 0318Akvaplan-Niva, Fram Centre, 9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - James P. Meador
- grid.422702.10000 0001 1356 4495Environmental and Fisheries Sciences Division, Northwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2725 Montlake Blvd. East, Seattle, Washington, 98112 USA
| | - Lisbet Sørensen
- SINTEF Ocean, Environment and New Resources, 7465 Trondheim, Norway
| | | | - Helena C. Reinardy
- grid.410415.50000 0000 9388 4992Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, PA37 1QA UK ,grid.20898.3b0000 0004 0428 2244Department of Arctic Technology, The University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Svalbard Norway
| | - Benjamin Laurel
- grid.422702.10000 0001 1356 4495Fisheries Behavioral Ecology Program, Alaska Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Hatfield Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365 USA
| | - Jasmine Nahrgang
- grid.10919.300000000122595234Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway
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Pasparakis C, Esbaugh AJ, Burggren W, Grosell M. Impacts of deepwater horizon oil on fish. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 224:108558. [PMID: 31202903 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An explosion on the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil rig in 2010 lead to the largest marine oil spill to occur in US history, resulting in significant impacts to the ecosystems and organisms in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The present review sought to summarize and discuss findings from the 50+ peer-reviewed publications reporting effects of DWH oil exposure on teleost fish, and concludes that oil toxicity is a multi-target, multi-organ syndrome with substantial species-specific sensitivity differences. Of the 15 species tested with characterized exposures, 20% show effects at concentrations <1 μg l-1 while 50% display effects at <8.6 μg l-1 ΣPAH50, concentrations well within the range of reported environmental levels during the spill. Cardiotoxic effects are among the most frequently reported endpoints in DWH oil exposure studies and are thought to have significant downstream effects on fitness and survival. However, additional and possibly cardio-toxic independent impacts on sensory function and behavior are reported at very low exposure concentrations (< 1 μg l-1 ∑PAH50) and are clearly deserving of further study. Available information about modes of action leading to different categories of effects are summarized in the present review. An overview of the literature illustrates that early life stages (ELS) are approximately 1-order of magnitude more sensitive than corresponding later life stages, but also illustrates that adults can be impacted at concentrations as low as 4 μg l-1 ΣPAH50. The majority of studies exploring DWH oil toxicity in fish are performed using acute exposures (1-2 days), mid-range test temperatures (26-28 °C) and measure effects at the molecular to organismal levels, leaving a pressing need for more long-term exposures, exposures at the upper and lower levels of GoM relevant temperatures, and studies investigating population level impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pasparakis
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, Fl, USA.
| | - Andrew J Esbaugh
- Department of Marine Science, University of Texas at Austin, Marine Science Institute, Port Aransas, TX, USA
| | - Warren Burggren
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Martin Grosell
- Department of Marine Biology and Ecology, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Miami, Fl, USA
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