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Buscaroli E, Lavrnić S, Blasioli S, Gentile SL, Solimando D, Mancuso G, Anconelli S, Braschi I, Toscano A. Efficient dissipation of acetamiprid, metalaxyl, S-metolachlor and terbuthylazine in a full-scale free water surface constructed wetland in Bologna province, Italy: A kinetic modeling study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 247:118275. [PMID: 38246295 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
The study investigated the dissipation ability of a vegetated free water surface (FWS) constructed wetland (CW) in treating pesticides-contaminated agricultural runoff/drainage water in a rural area belonging to Bologna province (Italy). The experiment simulated a 0.1% pesticide agricultural water runoff/drainage event from a 12.5-ha farm by dissolving acetamiprid, metalaxyl, S-metolachlor, and terbuthylazine in 1000 L of water and pumping it into the CW. Water and sediment samples from the CW were collected for 4 months at different time intervals to determine pesticide concentrations by multiresidue extraction and chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. In parallel, no active compounds were detected in the CW sediments during the experimental period. Pesticides dissipation in the wetland water compartment was modeled according to best data practices by fitting the data to Single First Order (SFO), First Order Multi-Compartment (FOMC) and Double First Order in Parallel (DFOP) kinetic models. SFO (except for metalaxyl), FOMC and DFOP kinetic models adequately predicted the dissipation for the four investigated molecules, with the DFOP kinetic model that better fitted the observed data. The modeled distribution of each pesticide between biomass and water in the CW highly correlated with environmental indexes as Kow and bioconcentration factor. Computed DT50 by DFOP model were 2.169, 8.019, 1.551 and 2.047 days for acetamiprid, metalaxyl, S-metolachlor, and terbuthylazine, respectively. Although the exact degradation mechanisms of each pesticide require further study, the FWS CW was found to be effective in treating pesticides-contaminated agricultural runoff/drainage water within an acceptable time. Therefore, this technology proved to be a valuable tool for mitigating pesticides runoff occurring after intense rain events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Buscaroli
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stevo Lavrnić
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sonia Blasioli
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Solimando
- Consorzio di Bonifica Canale Emiliano Romagnolo, Via E. Masi 8, 40137 Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mancuso
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Anconelli
- Consorzio di Bonifica Canale Emiliano Romagnolo, Via E. Masi 8, 40137 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Braschi
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Attilio Toscano
- Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Viale G. Fanin 40-50, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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Pascual A, Álvarez JA, de la Varga D, Arias CA, Van Oirschot D, Kilian R, Soto M. Horizontal flow aerated constructed wetlands for municipal wastewater treatment: The influence of bed depth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168257. [PMID: 37924877 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
The influence of bed depth on the performance of aerated horizontal constructed wetlands was investigated at the pilot plant scale. Two horizontal flow subsurface constructed wetlands (HF) intensified units of different bed depth (HF1: 0.90 m and HF2: 0.55 m, 0.8 m and 0.5 m water level, respectively) were fitted with forced aeration, while a third one (HFc, 0.55 m bed depth, 0.5 m water level) was used as control and not aerated. The three HF units were operated in parallel, receiving the same municipal wastewater pre-treated in a hydrolytic up-flow sludge blanket anaerobic digester. Applied surface loading rates (SLR) ranged from 20 to 80 g biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5)/m2·d and from 3.7 to 6.7 g total nitrogen (TN)/m2·d, while it ranges from 6 to 23 g BOD5/m2·d and from 1.1 to 1.7 g TN/m2·d in the control unit. Removal of total suspended solids (TSS) and BOD5 was usually close to a 100 % in all units, whilst chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was higher for the HF1 unit (97 % on average, range of 96-99 %) than for HF2 (92 %, 82-98 %) and HFc (94 %, 86-99 %). TN removal reached on average 33 % (16-43 %) in HFc, 37 % (10-76 %) in HF2 and 51 % (21-79 %) in HF1. High TN removal required a longer aeration time for nitrification and higher effluent recirculation ratio to enhance denitrification. The results indicate that artificial aeration and a high bed depth allows to increase the SLR by a factor of 4 in HF1 but only by a factor of 2 in HF2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pascual
- Department of Chemistry, University of A Coruña, Spain.
| | | | | | - C A Arias
- Department of Biology, Aarhus University, Denmark.
| | | | | | - M Soto
- Department of Chemistry, University of A Coruña, Spain.
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Yang J, Zhang M, Chen C, Zhao D, Chen Y, An S. Effect of Tubifex tubifex on the purification function of saturated vertical flow constructed wetlands for effluents with varying C/N ratios. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139872. [PMID: 37598942 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The improvement effect of Tubifex tubifex on the pollutant removal efficiencies (REs) of vertical flow constructed wetlands (VF-CWs) treating wastewater with various C/N ratios was explored. The experiment was conducted in pilot-scale saturated VF-CWs, being added different densities of T. tubifex and fed synthetic wastewater with successive C/N ratios of 0.5, 1.5, 3.0 and 6.0. The results suggest that T. tubifex addition and the influent C/N ratio had an interactive effect, i.e., T. tubifex addition improved NOx--N, NH4+-N, TN and COD REs by 36.7%, 56.5%, 22.6%, and 10.0%, respectively, under low C/N ratios, while high C/N ratios inhibited this improvement. Low-density T. tubifex addition significantly increased substrate dissolved oxygen (DO) by retarding excessive soil organic matter (OM) accumulation. With T. tubifex addition, an improvement in bacterial diversity, the relative abundance of N-cycle and fermentative bacteria, and N-cycle functional genes was only observed in substrates under low C/N ratios. T. tubifex can improve the purification function of saturated VF-CWs, but this strategy strongly depends on both the influent C/N ratio and density of T. tubifex addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Jiangsu Environmental Engineering Technology Co., Ltd, Nanjing, 210036, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
| | - Dehua Zhao
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China.
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, PR China
| | - Shuqing An
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, PR China
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Win TT, Song KG. Metagenomics and proteomics profiling of extracellular polymeric substances from municipal waste sludge and their application for soil and water bioremediation. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 339:139767. [PMID: 37562501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the components of anaerobically digested sludge, activated sludge, and microbial and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) enzymes to identify the mechanisms underlying nitrogen removal and soil regeneration. 16S rRNA gene amplicon-based sequencing was used to determine the microbial community composition and the related National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) protein database was used to construct a conventional library from the observed community. EPS components were identified using gel-free proteomic (Liquid Chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry-LC/MS/MS) methods. Alginate-like EPS from aerobically activated sludge have strong potential for soil aggregation and water-holding capacity, whereas total EPS from anaerobic sludge have significant potential for ammonia removal under salt stress. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed that both EPS may contain proteins, carbohydrates, humic compounds, uronic acid, and DNA and determined the presence of O-H, N-H, C-N, CO, and C-H functional groups. These results demonstrate that the overall enzyme activity may be inactivated at 30 g L-1 of salinity. An annotation found in Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)- KEGG Automatic Annotation Server (KAAS) revealed that the top two metabolic activities in the EPS generated from the anaerobic sludge were methane and nitrogen metabolism. Therefore, we focused on the nitrogen metabolism reference map 00910. EPS from the anaerobically digested sludge exhibited nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and dehydrogenase activities. Assimilatory nitrate reduction, denitrification, nitrification, and anammox removed ammonia biochemically. The influence of microbial extracellular metabolites on water-holding capacity and soil aggregation was also investigated. The KAAS-KEGG annotation server was used to identify the main enzymes in the activated sludge-derived alginate-like extracellular EPS (ALE-EPS) samples. These include hydrolases, oxidoreductases, lyases, ligases, and transporters, which contribute to soil fertility and stability. This study improves our understanding of the overall microbial community structure and the associated biochemical processes, which are related to distinct functional genes or enzymes involved in nitrogen removal and soil aggregation. In contrast to conventional methods, microbial association with proteomics can be used to investigate ecological relationships, establishments, key player species, and microbial responses to environmental changes. Linking the metagenome to off-gel proteomics and bioinformatics solves the problem of analyzing metabolic pathways in complex environmental samples in a cost-effective manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theint Theint Win
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Cental Biotechnology Research Department, Yangon Technological University, Insein, 11101, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Kyung Guen Song
- Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Division of Energy and Environment Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Wen X, Liang D, Hu Y, Zhu X, Wang G, Xie J. Performance and mechanism of simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in zeolite spheres internal loop airlift reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 380:129073. [PMID: 37088431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
An internal loop airlift reactor was constructed with zeolite spheres as biofilm carriers (ZS-ALR), and the performance and mechanism of nitrogen removal were investigated. The results indicated that the TN, NH4+-N and TOC removal efficiencies of ZS-ALR reached 96.12%, 100% and 94.54% under appropriate conditions (HRT of 6-8 h, aeration rates of 80-120 mL/min, C/N ratios of 4-6), and the highest TN removal rate constant was 0.01156 min-1. Further investigating the influence of ammonia-N concentrations on nitrogen removal and biofilm stability revealed that catabolism was important in TN removal, and the prominent genera for nitrogen removal included Sphaerotilus (42.20%), Flavobacterium (17.47%) and Fusibacter (6.14%). Meanwhile, the abundance of amoA, napA, narG and nosZ genes was markedly influenced by ammonia-N concentrations. The nitrogen removal of ZS-ALR was mainly through ammonia-N adsorption by zeolite spheres and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification by biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wen
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Donghui Liang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; College of Urban and Rural Construction, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Zhongkai Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Yongyou Hu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Zhu
- The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Pengkai Environment Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 511493, China
| | - Guobin Wang
- Guangzhou Pengkai Environment Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 511493, China
| | - Jieyun Xie
- Guangzhou Pengkai Environment Technology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou 511493, China
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6
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Xu W, Yang B, Wang H, Wang S, Jiao K, Zhang C, Li F, Wang H. Improving the removal efficiency of nitrogen and organics in vertical-flow constructed wetlands: the correlation of substrate, aeration and microbial activity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:21683-21693. [PMID: 36274076 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23746-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Four vertical-flow CWs (VFCWs) with different substrates and aeration conditions were studied on nutrient-removal capacity from synthetic wastewater. Zeolite substrate VFCWs (none-aerated: VFCW-1, aerated: VFCW-3) paralleled with ceramsite (none-aerated:VFCW-2, aerated: VFCW-4) were used to study the removal efficiencies of N and organics, the bacterial community, and the related functional genes. The results indicated that the pollutant removal efficiency was significantly enhanced by intermittent aeration. VFCW-4 (ceramsite with aeration) demonstrated a significant potential to remove NH4+-N (89%), NO3--N (78%), TN (71%), and COD (65%). VFCW-3 and VFCW-4 had high abundances of Amx, amoA, and nirK genes, which was related to NH4+-N and NO2--N removal. The microbial diversity and structure varied with aeration and substrate conditions. Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Candidatus, and Acidobacteria were the main bacteria phyla, with the average proportion of 38%, 21%, 19%, and 7% in the VFCWs. Intermittent aeration increased the abundance of Acidobacteria, which was conducive to the removal of organic matters. Overall, ceramsite substrate combined with intermittent aeration has a great potential in removing pollutants in VFCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxue Xu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Baoshan Yang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Ecological Carbon Sink and Capture Utilization, Jinan, 250022, China.
| | - Shuzhi Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Keqin Jiao
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Chuanfeng Zhang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Feng Li
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
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7
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Wang Y, Zhou P, Song X, Xu Z. Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a PCL-supported constructed wetland with limited aeration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:22606-22616. [PMID: 36301391 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23748-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Considerable advances have been made in the substrate design and operation strategies of constructed wetlands to facilitate nitrogen elimination. However, few studies examined the complicated interaction between solid organic substrates and limited aeration on nitrogen removal. A vertical flow constructed wetlands in gradient distribution of inorganic and solid organic substrates (polycaprolactone/PCL) (P-VFCW) and a controlled vertical flow constructed wetland without PCL (C-VFCW) were developed for the tertiary treatment of municipal tailwater. Results indicated that ammonia was nearly converted to nitrate, while the total nitrogen removal efficiencies (TNREs) in C-VFCW were negligible. In P-VFCW, however, optimal TNREs approached 95% with an aeration rate of 0.06 mL·min-1 and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h, and simultaneous nitrification and denitrification process (SND) in aerobic conditions was confirmed. As for the spatial microbial community structure evolution, Comamonas, which is associated with heterotrophic nitrification and anoxic/aerobic denitrification, was enriched along the vertical profiles of P-VFCW. Autotrophic nitrifier (Nitrospira), aerobic denitrifier (Bradyrhizobium and Azospira), and anoxic denitrifier (Ignavibacterium and Methyloversatilis) were dominated in different depths of P-VFCW, respectively. Besides, Canna indica biomass in P-VFCW was significantly larger than that in C-VFCW, which was attributed to the plant adaption response to diverse nitrogen. The P-VFCW in gradient distribution of inorganic and solid carbon sources under limited aeration is a promising technology for advanced nitrogen removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhui Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
| | - Xinshan Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhongshuo Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201600, China.
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Fu X, Yu Z, Kong F, Duan P, Li F, Zhang L, Liu Z, Cui Y. Application of an integrated loach-plant-substrate-microbes non-aerated saturated vertical flow constructed wetlands: Mechanisms of pollutants removal and greenhouse gases reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 368:128337. [PMID: 36403915 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study established an integrated loach-plant-substrate-microbes non-aerated saturated vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCWs) to enhance pollutants removal efficiencies and reduce greenhouse gas emissions simultaneously. The results of the VFCWs experiment indicated that the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorous, and total nitrogen in loach systems were significantly higher than those of non-loach systems, achieving 59.16%, 35.98%, and 40.96%, respectively. The CH4 and N2O emission fluxes were also significantly reduced in the integrated system, resulting in lower global warming potential (GWP) and GWP per unit of pollutants removal. Loaches promoted the transportation of oxygen, facilitated the re-contact and utilization of sediments, reduced CH4 emission, and enhanced nitrogen conversion and phosphorus accumulation. Increased bioavailable carbon and nitrate-nitrogen in the integrated system improved the abundance of denitrifying bacteria, which supported complete denitrification, reducing N2O emissions with high pollutant removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzheng Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhengda Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fanlong Kong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Pingping Duan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Fanyi Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Lingzhu Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhongying Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Yuqian Cui
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; Carbon Neutrality and Eco-Environmental Technology Innovation Center of Qingdao, Qingdao 266071, China.
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9
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Bian X, Wu Y, Li J, Yin M, Li D, Pei H, Chang S, Guo W. Effect of dissolved oxygen on high C/N wastewater treatment in moving bed biofilm reactors based on heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification: Nitrogen removal performance and potential mechanisms. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 365:128147. [PMID: 36265789 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, it was investigated the nitrogen removal (NR) performance and potential mechanism for high C/N wastewater treatment under different dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations. The results showed that DO concentration significantly affected the removal efficiency of total nitrogen (TN). When the initial DO increased from 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L, TN removal efficiency significantly increased from 65 % to 85 %. However, a further DO increase did not promote TN removal, and the NR was only 80 % with an initial DO concentration of 3.5 mg/L. The effect of DO concentration on NR was influenced by the combined action of functional bacteria and electron flow. Excessive DO concentration did not positively affect NR efficiency but promoted electron utilization and respiratory proliferation. When the DO concentration was 1.5 mg/L, more electrons generated by sodium acetate metabolism were transferred to the aerobic denitrification process, compared to when the DO concentration was 3.5 mg/L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Bian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yaodong Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Muchen Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Dongyue Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Hanbo Pei
- China Light Industry International Engineering Co., Ltd., Beijing 100026, China
| | - Song Chang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Wei Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
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10
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Yuan H, Yuan J, You Y, Zhang B, Wu Y, Huang S, Zhang Y. Simultaneous ammonium and sulfate biotransformation driven by aeration: Nitrogen/sulfur metabolism and metagenome-based microbial ecology. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148650. [PMID: 34198081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to clarify the effect of oxygen respiration on biotransformation of alternative electron acceptors (e.g., nitrate and sulfate) underlying the simultaneous removal of ammonium and sulfate in a single aerated sequencing batch reactor. Complete nitrification was achieved in feast condition, while denitrification was carried out in both feast and famine conditions when aeration intensity (AI) was higher than 0.22 L/(L·min). Reactors R1 [0.56 L/(L·min)], R2 [0.22 L/(L·min)], and R3 [0.08 L/(L·min)] achieved 72.39% sulfate removal efficiency in feast condition, but H2S release occurred in R3. Following exogenous substrate depletion, sulfate concentration increased again and exceeded the influent value in R1, indicating that sulfate transformation was affected by oxygen intrusion. Metagenomic analysis showed that a higher AI promoted sulfate reduction by switching from dissimilatory to assimilatory pathway. Lower AI-acclimated microorganisms (R3) produced H2S and ammonium, while higher AI-acclimated microorganisms (R1) accumulated nitrite, which confirmed that biotransformation of N and S was strongly regulated by redox imbalance driven by aeration. This implied that respiration control, a microbial self-regulation mechanism, was linked to the dynamic imbalance between electron donors and electron acceptors. Aerobic nitrate (sulfate) reduction, as one of the effects of respiration control, could be used as an alternative strategy to compensate for dynamic imbalance, when supported by efficient endogenous metabolism. Moderate aeration induced microorganisms to change their energy conservation and survival strategy through respiration control and inter-genus protection of respiratory activity among keystone taxa (including Azoarcus in R1, Thauera in R2, and Thiobacillus, Ottowia, and Geoalkalibacter in R3) to form an optimal niche in response to oxygen intrusion and achieve benign biotransformation of C, N, and S without toxic intermediate accumulation. This study clarified the biotransformation mechanism of ammonium and sulfate driven by aeration and provided theoretical guidance for optimizing existing aeration-based techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jianqi Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying You
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Biaojun Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yixiao Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Micro/Nano Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Ma X, Du Y, Peng W, Zhang S, Liu X, Wang S, Yuan S, Kolditz O. Modeling the impacts of plants and internal organic carbon on remediation performance in the integrated vertical flow constructed wetland. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117635. [PMID: 34530225 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The integrated vertical flow (IVF) constructed wetland consists of two or more chambers with heterogeneous flow patterns and strong aeration capability, possesses favorable remediation performance. The Constructed Wetland Model No.1 (CWM1) embedded in the OpenGeoSys # IPHREEQC was applied to investigate the wetland plant effects on treatment efficiency. Two fundamental functions of the plant roots (i) the radial oxygen loss (ROL) and (ii) exudation of internal organic carbon (IOC), are developed and implemented in the model to simulate the treating processes of planted laboratory-scale IVF wetlands fed by the synthetic wastewater. The good agreement between simulated results and measurements of the planted IVF wetland and the unplanted filters mimicking wetland demonstrates the combined effects of ROL and IOC and the model reliability. In summer the ammonia (NH4-N) and total nitrogen (TN) removals are high as above 90% in both IVF wetlands, and in winter they decline significantly to around 55% and 45% in unplanted wetland, contrastively to about 85% and 78% in the planted wetland. The nitrogen removal - COD/N ratio relation curves of IVF wetlands are proposed and obtained by modeling to evaluate organic carbon loading status. Based on the curves, the COD/N ratios of unplanted and planted wetlands are about 3∼7 and 3∼10 gCOD/gN for high TN removal respectively. Planted wetlands can tolerate a wider range of COD/N ratio influents than unplanted ones. The ROL in the unplanted wetland promotes COD and NH4-N removal, while may inhibit denitrification under low-temperature conditions. The single addition of IOC enhances the oxygen-consuming and restrains the nitrification under the full loaded COD condition. Summing up all organic carbon releases from substrate and roots as IOC, the quantification of IOC acts on nitrogen treatment was simulated and compared with the external organic carbon (EOC) loading from influent. IOC performs higher efficiency on TN removal than EOC at the same organic loading rates. The results provide the thoughts of the solution for low TN removal in the carbon deficient constructed wetlands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ma
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yanliang Du
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China.
| | - Wenqi Peng
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China
| | - Shuanghu Zhang
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China
| | - Xiaobo Liu
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China
| | - Shiyang Wang
- Department of Water Ecology and Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research (IWHR), Beijing 100038, China
| | - Shoujun Yuan
- Department of Municipal Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Olaf Kolditz
- Department of Environmental Informatics, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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12
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Yuan H, Huang S, Yuan J, You Y, Zhang Y. Characteristics of microbial denitrification under different aeration intensities: Performance, mechanism, and co-occurrence network. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:141965. [PMID: 32911146 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to explore how dissolved oxygen (DO) affected the characteristics and mechanisms of denitrification in mixed bacterial consortia. We analyzed denitrification efficiency, intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), relative expression of functional genes, and potential co-occurrence network of microorganisms. Results showed that the total nitrogen (TN) removal rates at different aeration intensities (0.00, 0.25, 0.63, and 1.25 L/(L·min)) were 0.93, 1.45, 0.86, and 0.53 mg/(L·min), respectively, which were higher than previously reported values for pure culture. The optimal aeration intensity was 0.25 L/(L·min), at which the maximum NADH accumulation rate and highest relative abundance of napA, nirK, and nosZ were achieved. With increased aeration intensity, the amount of electron flux to nitrate decreased and nitrate assimilation increased. On one hand, nitrate reduction was primarily inhibited by oxygen through competition for electron donors of a certain single strain. On the other hand, oxygen was consumed rapidly by bacteria by stimulating carbon metabolism to create an optimal denitrification niche for denitrifying microorganisms. Denitrification was performed via inter-genus cooperation (competitive interactions and symbiotic relationships) between keystone taxa (Azoarcus, Paracoccus, Thauera, Stappia, and Pseudomonas) and other heterotrophic bacteria (OHB) in aeration reactors. However, in the non-aeration case, which was primarily carried out based on intra-genus syntrophy within genus Propionivibrio, the co-occurrence network constructed the optimal niche contributing to the high TN removal efficiency. Overall, this study enhanced our knowledge about the molecular ecological mechanisms of aerobic denitrification in mixed bacterial consortia and has theoretical guiding significance for further practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiguang Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shaobin Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, Plant Micro/Nano Fiber Research Center, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, PR China.
| | - Jianqi Yuan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingying You
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangdong Ecological Environment Control Engineering Technology Research Center, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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Yang J, Li Q, An Y, Zhang M, Du J, Chen C, Zhao R, Zhao D, An S. The improvement of pollutant removal efficiency in saturated vertical flow constructed wetlands by tubifex tubifex. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 318:124202. [PMID: 33035945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Pilot-scale saturated vertical flow constructed wetlands (VF-CWs) were established to identify whether T. tubifex has the similar performance in saturated VF-CWs to that in surface flow CWs in improving pollutant removal efficiency (RE). The saturated VF-CWs with T. tubifex achieved REs of 67.3% total nitrogen (TN) and 39.8% chemical oxygen demand (COD), which were significantly higher than treatments without T. tubifex (42.2% TN and 31.4% COD). There existed significant interactions between macrophytes and T. tubifex. T. tubifex greatly improved the dissolved oxygen by increasing the connectivity between layers, and enhanced dehydrogenase activity and fluorescein diacetate. Adding T. tubifex improved the bacterial diversity and relative abundance of both N-cycle bacteria and fermentation bacteria in the biofilms. The improvements of ammonia oxidation and anammox were the main pathways for the increased nitrogen removal by T. tubifex. Therefore, T. tubifex is a useful tool for improving pollutant REs in saturated VF-CWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqiang Yang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Qiming Li
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yu An
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Juan Du
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ran Zhao
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Dehua Zhao
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
| | - Shuqing An
- Institute of Wetland Ecology, School of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Recent Advances in the Application, Design, and Operations & Maintenance of Aerated Treatment Wetlands. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12041188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper outlines recent advances in the design, application, and operations and maintenance (O&M) of aerated treatment wetland systems as well as current research trends. We provide the first-ever comprehensive estimate of the number and geographical distribution of aerated treatment wetlands worldwide and review new developments in aerated wetland design and application. This paper also presents and discusses first-hand experiences and challenges with the O&M of full-scale aerated treatment wetland systems, which is an important aspect that is currently not well reported in the literature. Knowledge gaps and suggestions for future research on aerated treatment wetlands are provided.
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