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Dewi SK, Han ZM, Bhat SA, Zhang F, Wei Y, Li F. Effect of plastic mulch residue on plant growth performance and soil properties. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 343:123254. [PMID: 38160772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Plastic mulch is widely utilized for weed control, temperature regulation, soil erosion prevention, disease management, and soil structure improvement, ultimately enhancing crop quality and yield. However, a significant issue with conventional plastic mulches is their low recycling rates, which can cause plastic residue to build up, thereby damaging soil quality and reducing crop yield. The emergence of biodegradable films offers a promising solution to mitigate this issue and reduce soil pollution. However, its potential effects on soil properties and plant performance remain unclear. In this study, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and poly (butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) were used to observe the effect of plastic mulch residues on soil properties and plant growth performance via potting experiment. Additionally, the interaction effects of compost and biochar as soil amendments with plastic mulch residues were also evaluated. The result of this study revealed that the type of plastic significantly affected the total nitrogen and magnesium uptake; however, the morphological traits of the tested plant (Japanese mustard spinach) were not significantly affected. The addition of compost and biochar led to a significant increase in both shoot and total dry weight of the plant, indicating a positive effect on its growth. The results of the two-way ANOVA indicated a significant influence of plastic type on dissolved phosphate (PO43-) levels and soil dehydrogenase activity (DHA). The interaction effect (plastic type with soil amendment) was statistically significant only for soil DHA. Neither plastic mulch residues nor soil amendments significantly affected other soil chemical properties. However, long-term experiments to systematically investigate the long-term effects of plastic residues are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiamita Kusuma Dewi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Zaw Min Han
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Sartaj Ahmad Bhat
- River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Fuping Zhang
- School of Geography and Tourism, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yongfen Wei
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Fusheng Li
- Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; River Basin Research Center, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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Suzuki M, Eguchi T, Azuma K, Nakao A, Kubo K, Fujimura S, Syaifudin M, Maruyama H, Watanabe T, Shinano T. The ratio of plant 137Cs to exchangeable 137Cs in soil is a crucial factor in explaining the variation in 137Cs transferability from soil to plant. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159208. [PMID: 36208746 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
To mitigate radioactive cesium from soil to plant, increasing and maintaining the exchangeable potassium (ExK) level during growth is widely accepted after Tokyo Electric Company's Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Plant accident in Japan. This is because the antagonistic relationship between soil solution K and 134Cs + 137Cs (RCs) concentrations changes the transfer factor (TF: designated as the ratio of radioactivity of plant organ to soil) of RCs. As the relationship between ExK and TF depends on the soil types, crop species, and other environmental factors, the required amount of ExK should be set to a safe side. Eleven years after the accident, as the activity of 134Cs was almost negligible, 137Cs became the main RCs in most of the agricultural fields in Fukushima Prefecture. We propose a new indicator, the concentration ratio of plant 137Cs to soil exchangeable 137Cs (Ex137Cs), instead of TF, which showed a better correlation with ExK even among soils with different properties (or mineralogy).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tetsuya Eguchi
- Agricultural Radiation Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Japan
| | - Kazuki Azuma
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakao
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, Japan
| | - Katashi Kubo
- Agricultural Radiation Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Japan
| | - Shigeto Fujimura
- Agricultural Radiation Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takuro Shinano
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Japan.
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Wakabayashi S, Eguchi T, Nakao A, Azuma K, Fujimura S, Kubo K, Saito M, Matsunami H, Yanai J. Effectiveness of non-exchangeable potassium quantified by mild tetraphenyl‑boron extraction in estimating radiocesium transfer to soybean in Fukushima. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153119. [PMID: 35041960 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Non-exchangeable K released from soil minerals can reduce radiocesium transfer to plants, as well as exchangeable K. We investigated the effect of non-exchangeable K on radiocesium transfer to soybean, and the non-exchangeable K extraction method most suitable for estimating the transfer risk. In Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, 106 soils were collected from 89 soybean fields during 2014-2018 to analyze non-exchangeable K contents using three methods: boiling nitric acid extraction, tetraphenyl‑boron extraction, and mild tetraphenyl‑boron extraction. The non-exchangeable K contents quantified by the former two methods were dependent on the amount of micas, which are K-bearing minerals. The non-exchangeable K content by mild tetraphenyl‑boron extraction depended on the amount of K fertilizer application and K-fixing minerals but not on micas, indicating that it reflects fertilizer K fixed by the minerals. The soil-to-plant transfer factor of radiocesium was most correlated with the non-exchangeable K content by the mild extraction (rs = -0.67). This correlation was also stronger than that between exchangeable K and the transfer factor (rs = -0.40). As non-exchangeable K content increased, the exchangeable radiocesium fraction decreased, indicating that radiocesium was fixed together with K. Additionally, multiple regression analysis indicated that non-exchangeable K by the mild extraction significantly decreased the transfer factor even if the exchangeable radiocesium fraction was kept constant. Thus, the fixed K was considered to repress radiocesium transfer to soybean through both radiocesium fixation and K supply. With the criterion of total extracted K, the sum of exchangeable and non-exchangeable K, as 65 mg K2O 100 g-1 by the mild extraction, fields with high and low transfer factors were able to be differentiated more effectively than with a current criterion of exchangeable K as 50 mg K2O 100 g-1. The results revealed that mild tetraphenyl‑boron extraction is effective for estimating radiocesium transfer to soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokichi Wakabayashi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), 50, Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-2156, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Eguchi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), 50, Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-2156, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nakao
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5, Shimogamo, Hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Azuma
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5, Shimogamo, Hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan
| | - Shigeto Fujimura
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), 50, Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-2156, Japan.
| | - Katashi Kubo
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), 50, Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-2156, Japan.
| | - Masaaki Saito
- Fukushima Agricultural Technology Centre, 116, Shimonakamichi, Takakura-aza, Hiwada-machi, Koriyama, Fukushima 963-0531, Japan.
| | - Hisaya Matsunami
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, NARO (National Agriculture and Food Research Organization), 50, Harajukuminami, Arai, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-2156, Japan.
| | - Junta Yanai
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University, 1-5, Shimogamo, Hangi-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8522, Japan.
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Eguchi T, Ishikawa T, Fujimura S, Ota T, Wakabayashi S, Matsunami H, Shinano T. Application of Finnish phlogopite to reduce radiocesium uptake by paddy rice. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2021; 237:106687. [PMID: 34186241 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2021.106687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Field and pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of coarse Finnish phlogopite application to reduce radiocesium uptake by paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.). The application of phlogopite was expected to reduce radiocesium uptake by crops through K supply and radiocesium retention. Three fields were set in Fukushima Prefecture, and coarse (mean particle size of 450 μm) phlogopite from Siilinjärvi (Finland) was applied at a rate of 5 t ha-1. Paddy rice was cultivated for 2-4 successive years. In all fields, the average 137Cs transfer factor (TF) of brown rice harvested from plots with added phlogopite was significantly lower than that of brown rice from plots without added phlogopite over the 2-4-year experiments. TF was decreased by up to 80% following phlogopite application, without an adverse effect on yield. Exchangeable K and soil solution K were higher in the soils with added phlogopite, suggesting K released from phlogopite reduced 137Cs uptake by paddy rice. Moreover, in a pot cultivation experiment, even when 55% of the total K was removed from phlogopite prior to application, the TF in pots with phlogopite application was less than half of that in pots without added phlogopite. The results from the field study and the pot cultivation experiment suggested that the application of Finnish phlogopite is effective to reduce the TF of brown rice. Exchangeable K and tetraphenylborate-extractable-K (TPB-K) at rooting stage, and soil solution K at tillering and heading stages showed significant negative correlation with TF. TPB-K was significantly positively correlated with soil solution K at tillering stage and heading stage, whereas exchangeable K at rooting stage did not exhibit significant correlation with soil solution K at heading stage. The results suggest that TPB-K is more reliable than exchangeable K, which could facilitate as a basis of K fertilizer recommendation for radiocesium-contaminated fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Eguchi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Ishikawa
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan
| | - Shigeto Fujimura
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ota
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan
| | - Shokichi Wakabayashi
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan
| | - Hisaya Matsunami
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan
| | - Takuro Shinano
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-2156, Japan
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