1
|
Amini H, Yousefian F, Faridi S, Andersen ZJ, Calas E, Castro A, Cervantes-Martínez K, Cole-Hunter T, Corso M, Dragic N, Evangelopoulos D, Gapp C, Hassanvand MS, Kim I, Le Tertre A, Medina S, Miller B, Montero S, Requia WJ, Riojas-Rodriguez H, Rojas-Rueda D, Samoli E, Texcalac-Sangrador JL, Yitshak-Sade M, Schwartz J, Kuenzli N, Spadaro JV, Krzyzanowski M, Mudu P. Two Decades of Air Pollution Health Risk Assessment: Insights From the Use of WHO's AirQ and AirQ+ Tools. Public Health Rev 2024; 45:1606969. [PMID: 38957684 PMCID: PMC11217191 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2024.1606969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives We evaluated studies that used the World Health Organization's (WHO) AirQ and AirQ+ tools for air pollution (AP) health risk assessment (HRA) and provided best practice suggestions for future assessments. Methods We performed a comprehensive review of studies using WHO's AirQ and AirQ+ tools, searching several databases for relevant articles, reports, and theses from inception to Dec 31, 2022. Results We identified 286 studies that met our criteria. The studies were conducted in 69 countries, with most (57%) in Iran, followed by Italy and India (∼8% each). We found that many studies inadequately report air pollution exposure data, its quality, and validity. The decisions concerning the analysed population size, health outcomes of interest, baseline incidence, concentration-response functions, relative risk values, and counterfactual values are often not justified, sufficiently. Many studies lack an uncertainty assessment. Conclusion Our review found a number of common shortcomings in the published assessments. We suggest better practices and urge future studies to focus on the quality of input data, its reporting, and associated uncertainties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heresh Amini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health, and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Fatemeh Yousefian
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Sasan Faridi
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zorana J. Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Alberto Castro
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karla Cervantes-Martínez
- Department of Environment, Climate Change and Health, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Cole-Hunter
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Magali Corso
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Natasa Dragic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dimitris Evangelopoulos
- Environmental Research Group, MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christian Gapp
- World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand
- Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ingu Kim
- European Centre for Environment and Health, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Bonn, Germany
| | - Alain Le Tertre
- Regional Office Bretagne, Santé Publique France, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvia Medina
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Santé Publique France, Saint-Maurice, France
| | - Brian Miller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM), Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Weeberb J. Requia
- Center for Environment and Public Health Studies, School of Public Policy and Government, Fundação Getúlio Vargas, Brasília, Brazil
| | | | - David Rojas-Rueda
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
- Colorado School of Public Health, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Maayan Yitshak-Sade
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Climate Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
- Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health, and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nino Kuenzli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Joseph V. Spadaro
- Spadaro Environmental Research Consultants (SERC), Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Pierpaolo Mudu
- European Centre for Environment and Health, World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ou C, Li F, Zhang J, Jiang P, Li W, Kong S, Guo J, Fan W, Zhao J. Multi-scenario PM2.5 distribution and dynamic exposure assessment of university community residents: Development and application of intelligent health risk management system integrated low-cost sensors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108539. [PMID: 38460243 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
Exposure scenario and receptor behavior significantly affect PM2.5 exposure quantity of persons and resident groups, which in turn influenced indoor or outdoor air quality & health management. An Internet of Things (IoT) system, EnvironMax+, was developed to accurately and conveniently assess residential dynamic PM2.5 exposure state. A university community "QC", as the application area, was divided into four exposure scenarios and five groups of residents. Low-cost mobile sensors and indoor/outdoor pollution migration (IOP) models jointly estimated multi-scenario real-time PM2.5 concentrations. Questionnaire was used to investigate residents' indoor activity characteristics. Mobile application (app) "Air health management (AHM)" could automatic collect residents' activity trajectory. At last, multi-scenario daily exposure concentrations of each residents-group were obtained. The results showed that residential exposure scenario was the most important one, where residents spend about 60 % of their daily time. Closing window was the most significant behavior affecting indoor contamination. The annual average PM2.5 concentration in the studied scenarios: residential scenario (RS) < public scenario (PS) < outdoor scenario (OS) < catering scenario (CS). Except for CS, the outdoor PM2.5 in other scenarios was higher than indoor by 5-10 μg/m3. The multi-scenario population weighted annual average exposure concentration was 37.1 μg/m3, which was 78 % of the annual average outdoor concentration. The exposure concentration of 5 groups: cooks > outdoor workers > indoor workers > students > the elderly, related to their daily activity time proportion in different exposure scenario.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Ou
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Fei Li
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
| | - Jingdong Zhang
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
| | - Pei Jiang
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Wei Li
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Shaojie Kong
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Jinyuan Guo
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Wenbo Fan
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Junrui Zhao
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ahmed FF, Das AD, Sumi MJ, Islam MZ, Rahman MS, Rashid MH, Alyami SA, Alotaibi N, Azad AKM, Moni MA. Identification of genetic biomarkers, drug targets and agents for respiratory diseases utilising integrated bioinformatics approaches. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19072. [PMID: 37925496 PMCID: PMC10625598 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases (RD) are significant public health burdens and malignant diseases worldwide. However, the RD-related biological information and interconnection still need to be better understood. Thus, this study aims to detect common differential genes and potential hub genes (HubGs), emphasizing their actions, signaling pathways, regulatory biomarkers for diagnosing RD and candidate drugs for treating RD. In this paper we used integrated bioinformatics approaches (such as, gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, molecular docking, molecular dynamic simulation and network-based molecular interaction analysis). We discovered 73 common DEGs (CDEGs) and ten HubGs (ATAD2B, PPP1CB, FOXO1, AKT3, BCR, PDE4D, ITGB1, PCBP2, CD44 and SMARCA2). Several significant functions and signaling pathways were strongly related to RD. We recognized six transcription factor (TF) proteins (FOXC1, GATA2, FOXL1, YY1, POU2F2 and HINFP) and five microRNAs (hsa-mir-218-5p, hsa-mir-335-5p, hsa-mir-16-5p, hsa-mir-106b-5p and hsa-mir-15b-5p) as the important transcription and post-transcription regulators of RD. Ten HubGs and six major TF proteins were considered drug-specific receptors. Their binding energy analysis study was carried out with the 63 drug agents detected from network analysis. Finally, the five complexes (the PDE4D-benzo[a]pyrene, SMARCA2-benzo[a]pyrene, HINFP-benzo[a]pyrene, CD44-ketotifen and ATAD2B-ponatinib) were selected for RD based on their strong binding affinity scores and stable performance as the most probable repurposable protein-drug complexes. We believe our findings will give readers, wet-lab scientists, and pharmaceuticals a thorough grasp of the biology behind RD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fee Faysal Ahmed
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh.
| | - Arnob Dip Das
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Mst Joynab Sumi
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Zohurul Islam
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- High Performance Computing (HPC) Laboratory, Department of Mathematics, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
- Bioinformatics and Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Md Harun Rashid
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Salem A Alyami
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 13318, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alotaibi
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 13318, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - A K M Azad
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), 13318, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Moni
- Artificial Intelligence and Data Science, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Ma L, Ni M, Bai Y, Li C. Drivers of ozone-related premature mortality in China: Implications for historical and future scenarios. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 345:118663. [PMID: 37487454 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to ambient ozone (O3) poses a severe public health threat in China. However, the drivers of premature mortality caused by O3 pollution are still poorly constrained, despite being prerequisites for addressing the threat. Here, we demonstrate the contributions of historical and future changes in peak-season O3, population size, age structure, and baseline mortality to China's O3-related mortality using decomposition analysis. From 2013 to 2021, O3-related mortality decreased dramatically from 78.8 (40.8-124.6) to 68.7 (36.0-107.2) thousand, especially in densely populated areas with high pollution. Variations in peak-season O3, population size, age structure, and baseline mortality led to changes in O3-related mortality of +27.3 (14.8-41.3), +2.6 (1.4-4.1), +22.3 (11.5-35.2), and -40.3 (20.9-63.7) thousand, respectively. The influence of peak-season O3 on O3-related mortality shifted from positive during 2013-2019 (+8.4% per year) to negative during 2019-2021 (-8.8% per year), which highly regulated the interannual trend of mortality. From 2021 to 2035, O3-related mortality is expected to increase by 31% in the current context of peak-season O3 levels, primarily caused by increased aging. Even reducing peak-season O3 to the WHO interim target 1 (IT-1) would only reduce O3-related mortality by 3.9%, while a more rigorous standard (IT-2) would prevent 83.7% of mortality. These findings suggest that improving ambient O3 can lead to significant health benefits, but substantial mitigation strategies are merited given the future trend of population aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Maofei Ni
- College of Eco-Environmental Science and Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Yun Bai
- School of Management Science and Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| | - Chuan Li
- School of Management Science and Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Y, Ju Q, Xing Z, Zhao J, Guo S, Li F, Du K. Observation of black carbon in Northern China in winter of 2018-2020 and its implications for black carbon mitigation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162897. [PMID: 36934935 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Enhanced observations of BC in hotspot regions with a high temporal resolution are critical to refining our BC mitigation strategies, which are co-directed by air-quality and climate goals. In this work, the temporal variation and emission sources of BC in Shijiazhuang, Northern China, during the winter of 2018-2020 were investigated on the basis of multi-wavelength Aethalometer BC observations. The average BC concentrations decreased from 9.13 ± 6.63 μg/m3 in the winter of 2018 to 3.51 ± 2.48 μg/m3 in the winter of 2020. The BC source attributions derived from the Aethalometer model showed that the BC concentrations in Shijiazhuang in the winter of 2018 were mainly contributed by biomass burning (53 %). In contrast, during the winter of 2019 and 2020, fossil fuel combustion (BCff) exhibited higher contributions, and higher BC concentrations attributed to greater BCff contributions. Potential source contribution function (PSCF) analysis suggested that local emissions in Shijiazhuang and transport from highly industrialized regions like central Shanxi and southern Hebei contributed significantly to BC in Shijiazhuang. Concentration weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis revealed that the BC contributions from source regions decreased successively from the winter of 2018 to the winter of 2020. Our results also implied an air quality/climate co-benefit effect of enforcing multi-scale air-quality improvement regulations. Yet, it is still worth noting that some of the measures in favor of reducing BC emissions contradict the measures for reducing CO2. The synergies of BC to air quality and climate should be considered and addressed by policymakers with the aim of realizing a sustainable environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuge Ju
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Zhenyu Xing
- Department of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada; Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Jiaming Zhao
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Song Guo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, Beijing, China
| | - Fuxing Li
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Remote Sensing Identification of Environmental Change, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li Y, Xue L, Tao Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Liao Q, Wan J, Bai Y. Exploring the contributions of major emission sources to PM 2.5 and attributable health burdens in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 322:121177. [PMID: 36731741 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution is the principal environmental risk factor for health burdens in China. Identifying the sectoral contributions of pollutant emissions sources on multiple spatiotemporal scales can help in the formulation of specific strategies. In this study, we used sensitivity analysis to explore the specific contributions of seven major emission sources to ambient PM2.5 and attributable premature mortality across mainland China. In 2016, about 60% of China's population lived in areas with PM2.5 concentrations above the Chinese Ambient Air Quality Standard of 35 μg/m3. This percentage was expected to decrease to 35% and 39% if industrial and residential emissions were fully eliminated. In densely populated and highly polluted regions, residential sources contributed about 50% of the PM2.5 exposure in winter, while industrial sources contributed the most (29-51%) in the remaining seasons. The three major sectoral contributors to PM2.5-related deaths were industry (247,000 cases, 35%), residential sources (219,000 cases, 31%), and natural sources (87,000, 12%). The relative contributions of the different sectors varied in the different provinces, with industrial sources making the largest contribution in Shanghai (65%), while residential sources predominated in Heilongjiang (63%), and natural sources dominated in Xinjiang (82%). The contributions of the agricultural (11%), transportation (6%), and power (3%) sources were relatively low in China, but emissions mitigation was still effective in densely populated areas. In conclusion, to effectively alleviate health burdens across China, priority should be given to controlling residential emissions in winter and industrial emissions all year round, taking additional measures to curb emissions from other sources in urban hotspots, and formulating air pollution control strategies tailored to local conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Liyang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Gansu Ecological Environment Emergency and Accident Investigation Center, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yidu Li
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yancong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems, Ministry of Education, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Junyi Wan
- School of Natural Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Yun Bai
- School of Management Science and Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Luo Z, Shen G, Men Y, Zhang W, Meng W, Zhu W, Meng J, Liu X, Cheng Q, Jiang K, Yun X, Cheng H, Xue T, Shen H, Tao S. Reduced inequality in ambient and household PM 2.5 exposure in China. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 170:107599. [PMID: 36323065 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The society has high concerns on the inequality that people are disproportionately exposed to ambient air pollution, but with more time spent indoors, the disparity in the total exposure considering both indoor and outdoor exposure has not been explored; and with the socioeconomical development and efforts in fighting against air pollution, it is unknown how the exposure inequality changed over time. Based on the city-level panel data, this study revealed the Concentration Index (C) in ambient PM2.5 exposure inequality was positive, indicating the low-income group exposed to lower ambient PM2.5; however, the total PM2.5 exposure was negatively correlated with the income, showing a negative C value. The low-income population exposed to high PM2.5 associated with larger contributions of indoor exposure from the residential emissions. The total PM2.5 exposure caused 1.13 (0.63-1.73) million premature deaths in 2019, with only 14 % were high-income population. The toughest-ever air pollution countermeasures have reduced ambient PM2.5 exposures effectively that, however, benefited the rich population more than the others. The transition to clean household energy sources significantly affected on indoor air quality improvements, as well as alleviation of ambient air pollution, resulting in notable reductions of the total PM2.5 exposure and especially benefiting the low-income groups. The negative C values decreased from 2000 to 2019, indicating a significantly reducing trend in the total PM2.5 exposure inequality over time.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihan Luo
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yatai Men
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenjun Meng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenyuan Zhu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Meng
- The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London, London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
| | - Xinlei Liu
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qin Cheng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ke Jiang
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Yun
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hefa Cheng
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huizhong Shen
- College of Environmental Science and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shu Tao
- College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; College of Environmental Science and Technology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xia H, Ding L, Yang S. The impact of technological progress on China's haze pollution-based on decomposition and rebound research. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22306-22324. [PMID: 34782978 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to effectively analyze and explore the socio-economic impact of haze pollution, the article constructs a comprehensive two-stage decomposition model to verify that technological progress plays a key role in controlling haze pollution. And for the first time, a macro-level research framework for the rebound effect of haze pollution has been constructed to compare and analyze the heterogeneity of the rebound effect of technological progress in different industries in different regions. The study found that (1) during the period 2000-2017, haze pollution situation deteriorated. Economic effects were the main reasons for haze pollution. Among these effects, technological progress was the main driving force for haze control, followed by the emission intensity during 2000-2011 and the reduction of industrial structure since 2014. (2) The significant drive of emission reduction is in the secondary industry, showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Besides, there was a difference in spatial distribution, which shows an increased trend from east to west. (3) The rebound effect of haze pollution at the macro level in China presented high-level fluctuations, and there were certain spatial distribution differences. However, due to the convergence of technological development stages, regional differences have a gradual convergence trend. In the future, in the process of haze control, it is necessary to increase support for technological innovation, implement energy total control and price reform, promote technological progress, and implement differentiated haze reduction policies to solve problems according to local conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Xia
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Hubei, 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Research Center of Industrial Economy Around Hangzhou Bay, Ningbo Polytechnic, Zhejiang, 315800, Ningbo, China
| | - Shuwang Yang
- School of Economics and Management, China University of Geosciences, Hubei, 430074, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang C, Wang Y, Shi Z, Sun J, Gong K, Li J, Qin M, Wei J, Li T, Kan H, Hu J. Effects of using different exposure data to estimate changes in premature mortality attributable to PM 2.5 and O 3 in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117242. [PMID: 33957508 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The assessment of premature mortality associated with the dramatic changes in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and ozone (O3) has important scientific significance and provides valuable information for future emission control strategies. Exposure data are particularly vital but may cause great uncertainty in health burden assessments. This study, for the first time, used six methods to generate the concentration data of PM2.5 and O3 in China between 2014 and 2018, and then quantified the changes in premature mortality due to PM2.5 and O3 using the Environmental Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program-Community Edition (BenMAP-CE) model. The results show that PM2.5-related premature mortality in China decreases by 263 (95% confidence interval (CI95): 142-159) to 308 (CI95: 213-241) thousands from 2014 to 2018 by using different concentration data, while O3-related premature mortality increases by 67 (CI95: 26-104) to 103 (CI95: 40-163) thousands. The estimated mean changes are up to 40% different for the PM2.5-related mortality, and up to 30% for the O3-related mortality if different exposure data are chosen. The most significant difference due to the exposure data is found in the areas with a population density of around 103 people/km2, mostly located in Central China, for both PM2.5 and O3. Our results demonstrate that the exposure data source significantly affects mortality estimations and should thus be carefully considered in health burden assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunlu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Zhihao Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jinjin Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Kangjia Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Momei Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Jing Wei
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Science, Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20740, USA
| | - Tiantian Li
- National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianlin Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang B, Wang N, Chen Z. Research on air quality forecast based on web text sentiment analysis. ECOL INFORM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2021.101354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
11
|
Waidyatillake NT, Campbell PT, Vicendese D, Dharmage SC, Curto A, Stevenson M. Particulate Matter and Premature Mortality: A Bayesian Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18147655. [PMID: 34300107 PMCID: PMC8303514 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We present a systematic review of studies assessing the association between ambient particulate matter (PM) and premature mortality and the results of a Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis while accounting for population differences of the included studies. METHODS The review protocol was registered in the PROSPERO systematic review registry. Medline, CINAHL and Global Health databases were systematically searched. Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis was conducted using a non-informative prior to assess whether the regression coefficients differed across observations due to the heterogeneity among studies. RESULTS We identified 3248 records for title and abstract review, of which 309 underwent full text screening. Thirty-six studies were included, based on the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies were from China (n = 14), India (n = 6) and the USA (n = 3). PM2.5 was the most frequently reported pollutant. PM was estimated using modelling techniques (22 studies), satellite-based measures (four studies) and direct measurements (ten studies). Mortality data were sourced from country-specific mortality statistics for 17 studies, Global Burden of Disease data for 16 studies, WHO data for two studies and life tables for one study. Sixteen studies were included in the Bayesian hierarchical meta-analysis. The meta-analysis revealed that the annual estimate of premature mortality attributed to PM2.5 was 253 per 1,000,000 population (95% CI: 90, 643) and 587 per 1,000,000 population (95% CI: 1, 39,746) for PM10. CONCLUSION 253 premature deaths per million population are associated with exposure to ambient PM2.5. We observed an unstable estimate for PM10, most likely due to heterogeneity among the studies. Future research efforts should focus on the effects of ambient PM10 and premature mortality, as well as include populations outside Asia. Key messages: Ambient PM2.5 is associated with premature mortality. Given that rapid urbanization may increase this burden in the coming decades, our study highlights the urgency of implementing air pollution mitigation strategies to reduce the risk to population and planetary health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilakshi T. Waidyatillake
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.V.); (S.C.D.)
- Department of Medical Education, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (N.T.W.); (M.S.)
| | - Patricia T. Campbell
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Don Vicendese
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.V.); (S.C.D.)
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Shyamali C. Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; (D.V.); (S.C.D.)
| | - Ariadna Curto
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC 3065, Australia;
| | - Mark Stevenson
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Transport Health and Urban Design Research Lab, Melbourne School of Design, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Correspondence: (N.T.W.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Analysis of Spatial Heterogeneity and the Scale of the Impact of Changes in PM2.5 Concentrations in Major Chinese Cities between 2005 and 2015. ENERGIES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/en14113232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Deteriorating air quality is one of the most important environmental factors posing significant health risks to urban dwellers. Therefore, an exploration of the factors influencing air pollution and the formulation of targeted policies to address this issue are critically needed. Although many studies have used semi-parametric geographically weighted regression and geographically weighted regression to study the spatial heterogeneity characteristics of influencing factors of PM2.5 concentration change, due to the fixed bandwidth of these methods and other reasons, those studies still lack the ability to describe and explain cross-scale dynamics. The multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) method allows different variables to have different bandwidths, which can produce more realistic and useful spatial process models. By applying the MGWR method, this study investigated the spatial heterogeneity and spatial scales of impact of factors influencing PM2.5 concentrations in major Chinese cities during the period 2005–2015. This study showed the following: (1) Factors influencing changes in PM2.5 concentrations, such as technology, foreign investment levels, wind speed, precipitation, and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), evidenced significant spatial heterogeneity. Of these factors, precipitation, NDVI, and wind speed had small-scale regional effects, whose bandwidth ratios are all less than 20%, while foreign investment levels and technologies had medium-scale regional effects, whose bandwidth levels are 23% and 32%, respectively. Population, urbanization rates, and industrial structure demonstrated weak spatial heterogeneity, and the scale of their influence was predominantly global. (2) Overall, the change of NDVI was the most influential factor, which can explain 15.3% of the PM2.5 concentration change. Therefore, an enhanced protection of urban surface vegetation would be of universal significance. In some typical areas, dominant factors influencing pollution were evidently heterogeneous. Change in wind speed is a major factor that can explain 51.6% of the change in PM2.5 concentration in cities in the Central Plains, and change in foreign investment levels is the dominant influencing factor in cities in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Sichuan Basin, explaining 30.6% and 44.2% of the PM2.5 concentration change, respectively. In cities located within the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, NDVI is a key factor, reducing PM2.5 concentrations by 9.7%. Those results can facilitate the development of region-specific measures and tailored urban policies to reduce PM2.5 pollution levels in different regions such as Northeast China and the Sichuan Basin.
Collapse
|
13
|
Li Y, Liao Q, Zhao X, Tao Y, Bai Y, Peng L. Premature mortality attributable to PM 2.5 pollution in China during 2008-2016: Underlying causes and responses to emission reductions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127925. [PMID: 32818847 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) poses a great threat to public health in China. To this end, the Chinese government promulgated the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (the Action Plan) in 2013. However, the health benefits of the Action Plan have not been well explained. In this paper, the underlying causes of changes in premature mortality attributable to PM2.5 pollution and the response of this mitigation policy in China were explored using sensitivity analysis. The simulated annual average PM2.5 concentration reduced by 24.9% over mainland China from 2008 to 2016. Subsequently, national premature mortality would decrease by 14.4% from 1.14 million (95% CI: 0.54, 1.55) in 2008 to 0.98 million (95% CI: 0.44, 1.38) in 2016. Specifically, premature mortality reduced by 209,600 cases (-18.3%) owing to PM2.5 reduction during 2008-2016, of which 188,500 cases were from 2014 to 2016 due to the Action Plan in 2013. Note that the health benefits were limited when compared with air quality improvements, mainly due to that the IER functions have a stable curve at higher concentration intervals. Meanwhile, premature mortality would have increased by 14.2% from 2008 to 2016 owing to demographic changes, substantially weakening the impact of the decrease in PM2.5 and baseline mortality. The effectiveness of China's new air pollution mitigation policy was proved through the research. However, considering the non-linear response of mortality to PM2.5 changes and the aggravation of demography trends, stronger emission control steps should be further taken to protect public health in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qin Liao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiuge Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Yan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yun Bai
- National Research Base of Intelligent Manufacturing Service, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing, 400067, China.
| | - Lu Peng
- Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Prediction and Control, Gansu Province, College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| |
Collapse
|