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Alves-Ferreira J, Vara MG, Catarino A, Martins I, Mourinha C, Fabião M, Costa MJ, Barbieri MV, de Alda ML, Palma P. Pesticide water variability and prioritization: The first steps towards improving water management strategies in irrigation hydro-agriculture areas. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 917:170304. [PMID: 38278229 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The presence of pesticides in aquatic ecosystems poses significant risks to non-target organisms, necessitating monitoring and environmental risk assessment. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamics and environmental risk of pesticides in a hydro-agricultural area with intensive agricultural practices, in the Mediterranean region (South of Portugal). Seasonality and location influenced pesticide numbers and concentrations, with the highest levels observed during the dry season. Triazines, phenylureas, and organophosphates were the predominant pesticide classes, with terbuthylazine, bentazone, terbutryn, diazinon, and metolachlor exhibiting the highest detection frequencies (68 % to 72 %). Notably, 44 % of the quantified pesticides are no longer authorized in Portugal, with 33 % posing a high environmental risk. Some insecticides, including imidacloprid, methiocarb, and malathion, were occasionally detected at concentrations that posed high risks to the aquatic ecosystem (RQ ≥ 1). Irgarol, an algicide used in irrigation canals, presented a high risk in 91 % of the analysed samples. The study's distribution profile of pesticides revealed a significant transportation of these compounds from reservoirs to irrigation hydrants, establishing them as a secondary source of crop and environmental contamination. Additionally, the assessment of spatial distribution and environmental risk allowed for the identification of specific pollutants in different locations, prioritizing them based on their ecotoxicological risk to aquatic ecosystems. These findings reinforce the importance of implementing management measures at the level of hydro-agricultural areas, helping to stop the cycle of pesticide contamination. Only this type of strategy will make it possible to protect water quality, biodiversity and the health of citizens, contributing to the European Union's objectives of improving the condition of freshwater bodies and promoting the sustainable use of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júnia Alves-Ferreira
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Manuel García Vara
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 080834 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Catarino
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Inês Martins
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Clarisse Mourinha
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal
| | - Marta Fabião
- Centro Operativo e de Tecnologia de Regadio (COTR), Quinta da Saúde, Apartado 354, 7801-904 Beja, Portugal
| | - Maria João Costa
- Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; Departamento de Física, Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, and Earth Remote Sensing Laboratory - EaRSLab, Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria Vittoria Barbieri
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 080834 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Lopez de Alda
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Jordi Girona 18-26, 080834 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrícia Palma
- Escola Superior Agrária, Instituto Politécnico de Beja, R. Pedro Soares S/N, 7800-295 Beja, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências da Terra (ICT), Universidade de Évora, 7000-671 Évora, Portugal; GeoBioTec, NOVA School of Science and Technology, Campus da Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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das Mercês Pereira Ferreira A, de Matos JM, Silva LK, Viana JLM, Dos Santos Diniz Freitas M, de Amarante Júnior OP, Franco TCRDS, Brito NM. Assessing the spatiotemporal occurrence and ecological risk of antifouling biocides in a Brazilian estuary. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:3572-3581. [PMID: 38085476 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31286-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Diuron and Irgarol are common antifouling biocides used in paints to prevent the attachment and growth of fouling organisms on ship hulls and other submerged structures. Concerns about their toxicity to non-target aquatic organisms have led to various restrictions on their use in antifouling paints worldwide. Previous studies have shown the widespread presence of these substances in port areas along the Brazilian coast, with a concentration primarily in the southern part of the country. In this study, we conducted six sampling campaigns over the course of 1 year to assess the presence and associated risks of Diuron and Irgarol in water collected from areas under the influence of the Maranhão Port Complex in the Brazilian Northeast. Our results revealed the absence of Irgarol in the study area, irrespective of the sampling season and site. In contrast, the mean concentrations of Diuron varied between 2.0 ng L-1 and 34.1 ng L-1 and were detected at least once at each sampling site. We conducted a risk assessment of Diuron levels in this area using the risk quotient (RQ) method. Our findings indicated that Diuron levels at all sampling sites during at least one campaign yielded an RQ greater than 1, with a maximum of 22.7, classifying the risk as "high" based on the proposed risk classification. This study underscores the continued concern regarding the presence of antifouling biocides in significant ports and marinas in Brazilian ports, despite international bans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana das Mercês Pereira Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, Campus São Luís - Monte Castelo, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA), São Luís, MA, 65030-005, Brazil
| | - Jhuliana Monteiro de Matos
- Department of Chemistry, Campus São Luís - Monte Castelo, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA), São Luís, MA, 65030-005, Brazil.
| | - Lanna Karinny Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Campus São Luís - Monte Castelo, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA), São Luís, MA, 65030-005, Brazil
| | - José Lucas Martins Viana
- Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, SP, 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Marta Dos Santos Diniz Freitas
- Postgraduate Program in Technological and Environmental Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Ozelito Possidônio de Amarante Júnior
- Department of Chemistry, Campus São Luís - Monte Castelo, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA), São Luís, MA, 65030-005, Brazil
- Institute of Oceanography, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil
| | | | - Natilene Mesquita Brito
- Department of Chemistry, Campus São Luís - Monte Castelo, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Maranhão (IFMA), São Luís, MA, 65030-005, Brazil
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Chen Y, Ling J, Yu W, Zhang L, Wu R, Yang D, Qu J, Jin H, Tao Z, Shen Y, Meng R, Yu J, Zheng Q, Shen G, Du W, Sun H, Zhao M. Identification of point and nonpoint emission sources of neonicotinoid pollution in regional surface water. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 248:120863. [PMID: 37976945 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoid insecticides are widely applied in farmland, with high detection rates in soils and surface waters, posing potential risks to biodiversity and human health. As a nonpoint emission, surface runoff is widely regarded as the major source of neonicotinoid pollution in surface waters, but few studies have determined the point source contribution to rivers that may be primarily from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Here, we collected the surface water from eight river basins in Zhejiang Province of China and quantified residual concentrations of eight widely commercialized neonicotinoids. Four of these were detected in all samples, with concentrations of dinotefuran and nitenpyram of 119 ± 166 and 87.6 ± 25.3 ng/L, respectively, representing more than 90 % of the total (282 ± 174 ng/L). Neonicotinoid residues were higher in tributaries due to nearby farmland and more dilution effects in the mainstream, and the residues were higher in lower reaches which can be explained by the water flow direction. Significant spatial differences in neonicotinoid distribution between surface water and agricultural soils result from environmental factors (e.g., water turbidity, precipitation, temperature) impacting migration and transport processes. Neonicotinoid residues in surface water showed a significant positive correlation with total WWTP emissions after adjusting for environmental factors. Conversely, no significant association was observed with cropland density (a nonpoint emission source), indicating that point emission source (contributing 20.6 %) predominantly influenced neonicotinoid residue spatial variation in river basin-scale surface water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China; Innovation Research Center of Advanced Environmental Technology, Eco-Industrial Innovation Institute ZJUT, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324400, China.
| | - Jun Ling
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Wenfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Ruxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Jiajia Qu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Hangbiao Jin
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China; Innovation Research Center of Advanced Environmental Technology, Eco-Industrial Innovation Institute ZJUT, Quzhou, Zhejiang 324400, China.
| | - Zhen Tao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Yuexin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Ruirui Meng
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Jingtong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Qingyi Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
| | - Guofeng Shen
- Ministry of Education Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wei Du
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control, Faculty of Environmental Science & Engineering, Kunming University of Science &Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Haitong Sun
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom; Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, United Kingdom
| | - Meirong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology for Industrial Pollution Control of Zhejiang Province, College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310032, China
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Barbieri MV, Rodrigues ACM, Febbraio F. Monitoring of pesticide amount in water and drinkable food by a fluorescence‐based biosensor. EFSA J 2022; 20:e200403. [PMID: 35634553 PMCID: PMC9131604 DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2022.e200403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of pollutants is crucial to protect water resources and ensure food safety. The available analytical methodologies allow reliable detection of organic pollutants such as pesticides; however, there is the need for faster, direct and continuous methodologies for real‐time monitoring of pesticides. Fluorescent‐based biosensors have been recently proposed as a valid alternative due to their advantage of being easy, cheap and specific. In this context, the aim of the present EU‐FORA fellowship programme was to develop and apply a fluorescence‐based biosensing device for the detection of organophosphate (OP) pesticides in water samples and drinkable food. The study was addressed using a mutant of the thermostable esterase‐2 from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius (EST2‐S35C) as a bioreceptor for OP pesticides. The use of EST2 involves some significant advantages including specificity and affinity towards OPs, and high stability over time in a different range of temperatures and pH. The protein was labelled to the fluorescent probe IAEDANS and fluorescence measurements of quenching in solution and in immobilised form were performed. The results showed good stability and sensitivity, reaching low limits of detection and quantification and a constant signal intensity over time. The addition of paraoxon quenched the fluorescence of the complex, reaching a plateau at 100 pmol paraoxon. The decrease of enzymatic activity of EST2‐S35C‐IAEDANS in the presence of paraoxon correlated the inhibition of the labelled enzyme with the decrease in fluorescence. The results from the application of the biosensor with real samples showed a decrease in fluorescence in surface water samples, contaminated by OPs. The use of the developed fluorescence‐based biosensor demonstrated its applicability for real samples monitoring and could ensure the production of large amounts of data in a short period of time which can be used to address environmental and food safety risk assessment.
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Casillas A, de la Torre A, Navarro I, Sanz P, Martínez MDLÁ. Environmental risk assessment of neonicotinoids in surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151161. [PMID: 34695473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids (NNIs) are active substances used as insecticides mainly in plant protection products (PPPs) but also in veterinary applications. The increasing evidence of affecting non-targeted organisms led the European Commission to severely restrict or even ban outdoor uses. To evaluate their current use and their influence in the ecological status of freshwater ecosystem, a total of 19 river water samples were collected to determine the presence of 5 NNIs (acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and thiacloprid) in the Tagus basin. At least one target analyte was quantified by HPLC-MS/MS analysis in 17 of the 19 water samples, with ∑NNIs ranging from <MDL to 16.8 ng/L. Imidacloprid (2.75 ng/L; mean) and acetamiprid (0.47 ng/L) were quantified in most of the samples. Source identification evidences imidacloprid agricultural use. Risk assessment for different trophic levels was conducted with the data obtained calculating Risk Characterization Ratios (RCR) by two approaches, predicted non effect concentrations (PEC/PNEC) and Toxic Units (TU). RCRs were derived for each NNI and for the mixture of all (RCRmix). Results showed risk for imidacloprid in freshwater organism (RCRfw>1) and for the mix of NNIs (RCRmix (PEC/PNEC) > 1). RCRmix(PEC/PNEC) and the sum of toxic units (STU) showed a risky situation for some locations with different organisms related to agriculture practices. This data arouses concern about NNis (legal or forbidden) use in Tagus basin, and manifest the need of monitoring their presence and effect on the aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Casillas
- Group of Persistent Organic Pollutants, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián de la Torre
- Group of Persistent Organic Pollutants, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Navarro
- Group of Persistent Organic Pollutants, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Sanz
- Group of Persistent Organic Pollutants, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María de Los Ángeles Martínez
- Group of Persistent Organic Pollutants, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Avda. Complutense 40, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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Pérez-Mayán L, Ramil M, Cela R, Rodríguez I. Determination of pesticide residues in wine by solid-phase extraction on-line combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J Food Compost Anal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2021.104184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Meseguer-Lloret S, Torres-Cartas S, Gómez-Benito C, Herrero-Martínez JM. Magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer for the simultaneous selective extraction of phenoxy acid herbicides from environmental water samples. Talanta 2021; 239:123082. [PMID: 34823860 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A selective magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) was synthetized with 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid as template and 4-vinylpiridine as monomer in presence of vinylized magnetite nanoparticles. Scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and vibrating sample magnetometry were applied to characterize the resulting material. The synthesized MMIP was applied as sorbent in magnetic molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MMISPE) for selective extraction of a mixture of the five herbicides 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), 4-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)butyric acid (MCPB), mecoprop (MCPP), fenoxaprop (FEN) and haloxyfop (HAL). Several parameters affecting the extraction conditions were optimized to achieve the best extraction performance. The best MMISPE combined with HPLC-DAD gave detection and quantification limits between 0.33 and 0.71 μg L-1 and 1.1-2.4 μg L-1, respectively, were obtained. The precision of the whole method provided RSD values below 7.3%, and the accuracy was demonstrated by the analysis of several water samples of different origins, with recoveries ranged from 77 to 98%. Moreover, a remarkable re-usability of the MMIP sorbent, more than 65 uses without losses in extraction capacity, was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Meseguer-Lloret
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres, Campus de Gandia, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/ Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandia, València, Spain.
| | - Sagrario Torres-Cartas
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres, Campus de Gandia, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/ Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandia, València, Spain
| | - Carmen Gómez-Benito
- Institut d'Investigació per a la Gestió Integrada de Zones Costaneres, Campus de Gandia, Universitat Politècnica de València, C/ Paranimf 1, 46730, Grao de Gandia, València, Spain
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Palma P, Fialho S, Lima A, Catarino A, Costa MJ, Barbieri MV, Monllor-Alcaraz LS, Postigo C, de Alda ML. Occurrence and risk assessment of pesticides in a Mediterranean Basin with strong agricultural pressure (Guadiana Basin: Southern of Portugal). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148703. [PMID: 34214808 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the occurrence and the environmental risk of a group of 51 selected pesticides in the Guadiana Basin (a biodiversity hotspot, in the Mediterranean). The most abundant pesticides were bentazone and 2,4-D, while terbuthylazine together with terbutryn constituted the most ubiquitous pesticides. Eighteen out of the 38 pesticides detected are no longer approved in Europe, and 5 of them are included in the list of priority substances. The risk assessment showed that azinphos ethyl, diflufenican, irganol, imidacloprid, and oxadiazon occurred occasionally, but always in concentrations above their respective ecotoxicological threshold value. Contrary, bentazone, terbuthylazine, and terbutryn presented a high risk in most of the sampled locations and periods. The site-specific risk assessment showed a spatial and temporal pattern, with a higher risk occurring mainly in intermittent streams, in the drought period. The presence of pesticides banned from the EU market since 2009 showed the importance of improving the monitoring process, to identify the main sources of pollution and the fate of these emerging compounds. The results showed the need of implementing actions to improve the sustainable use of pesticides in agricultural areas, working with farmers and management entities to reduce the contamination of aquatic ecosystems. Transboundary water governance is also required to solve potential transboundary contamination problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Palma
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal; ICT, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal.
| | - S Fialho
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - A Lima
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - A Catarino
- Department of Technologies and Applied Sciences, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - M J Costa
- ICT, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal; Science and Technology School, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal; Earth Remote Sensing Laboratory - EaRSLab, University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - M V Barbieri
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - L S Monllor-Alcaraz
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Postigo
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Lopez de Alda
- Water, Environmental and Food Chemistry Unit (ENFOCHEM), Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC), Barcelona, Spain.
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Wang C, Ye D, Li X, Jia Y, Zhao L, Liu S, Xu J, Du J, Tian L, Li J, Shen J, Xia X. Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in bottled water and assessment of the associated risks. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 155:106651. [PMID: 34033976 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of 187 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) was investigated in bottled water samples (35 and 33 from Chinese and foreign brands, respectively). Forty-four compounds belonging to 14 PPCP categories were detected in 56 of the 68 bottled water samples. Further, more than 35% of water samples contained at least three PPCPs, and in one particular sample, 11 different PPCPs were detected. Macrolides constituted the most prevalent PPCP category, and salbutamol, erythromycin, and azithromycin showed the highest detection frequency (17.6%). The thermal stabilities of the 187 PPCPs were determined, and the results obtained showed that only 35 out of the 187 compounds were degraded by more than 50% after boiling for 5 min. Even though the risk quotients (RQs) of detected PPCPs showed low risk levels, the RQs of 13 compounds with RQs ≥ 0.0001 were 2-4 fold higher in infants than in other life stages. Moreover, further studies are necessary to evaluate the toxicity of PPCP mixtures, the effects of PPCPs on human intestinal microbiota, and their risk of induction of drug-resistant bacteria and drug-resistant genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengfei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dongyang Ye
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanbo Jia
- AB SCIEX Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Beijing 100015, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Saiwa Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Lu Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xi Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Manjarres-López DP, Andrades MS, Sánchez-González S, Rodríguez-Cruz MS, Sánchez-Martín MJ, Herrero-Hernández E. Assessment of pesticide residues in waters and soils of a vineyard region and its temporal evolution. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 284:117463. [PMID: 34090253 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable agriculture practices and integrated pest management for avoiding environmental pollution are necessary to maintain a high yield in vineyard areas. Pesticide residues in groundwater in a vineyard area of La Rioja (Spain) have been evaluated in previous years, and they could now have varied after farmers have adopted the different measures recommended. Accordingly, this research's objectives were (i) to evaluate the occurrence and seasonal distribution (spring, summer, and autumn samplings) of pesticides (36) plus their degradation products (DP) (11) in water and soil samples (23 + 15) in La Rioja (Northern Spain), and (ii) to compare the current water quality (2019) with that determined previously (2011). A multi-residue method based on solid phase extraction (for water samples) or solid liquid extraction (for soil samples) and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was used to determine and quantify pesticides. The results reveal the presence in waters of 30 compounds from those selected (15 fungicides + 2 DP, 7 insecticides + 1 DP, and 3 herbicides +2 DP), with 14 of them at concentrations > 0.1 μg L-1 (water quality threshold for human consumption). The highest number of compounds was detected in summer (waters) and spring (soils). The pesticides most frequently detected in water samples were the fungicides metalaxyl, tebuconazole, and boscalid, with the last one being the compound found in the highest number of soil samples. The comparison of water pollution in 2011 and 2019 indicates a significant decrease in the total concentration of herbicides, fungicides and insecticides in 95-100%, 76-90%, and 42-85% of samples in the three campaigns, respectively. The results indicate that an optimized and sustainable use of pesticides in intensive and high-yield agricultural areas could reduce environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana P Manjarres-López
- Department of Agriculture and Food. University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - M Soledad Andrades
- Department of Agriculture and Food. University of La Rioja, Madre de Dios 51, 26006, Logroño, Spain
| | - Sara Sánchez-González
- European University Miguel de Cervantes, Padre Julio Chevalier 2, 47012, Valladolid, Spain
| | - M Sonia Rodríguez-Cruz
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - María J Sánchez-Martín
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Eliseo Herrero-Hernández
- Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Cordel de Merinas 40-52, 37008, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Science. University of Salamanca, Plaza de la Merced s/n, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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11
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Hu K, Sarrà M, Caminal G. Comparison between two reactors using Trametes versicolor for agricultural wastewater treatment under non-sterile condition in sequencing batch mode. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112859. [PMID: 34044233 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural wastewater is a major source of herbicides, which pose environmental and health concerns owing to their substantial use and poor elimination rate in conventional wastewater treatment plants. White-rot fungi are versatile in degrading xenobiotics; however, the key problem encountered with their application in actual scenarios is competition with indigenous microorganisms, mainly bacteria. To address this barrier, two different strategies were implemented in the present study. One strategy was to set up a trickle bed with Trametes versicolor immobilized on pine wood, and another strategy was to employ a T. versicolor-pelleted, fluidized-bed reactor to remove diuron and bentazon from actual wastewater under non-sterile conditions. The residence time in the trickle bed was estimated using three methodologies. With 10 batches of a 3-day cycle operation, although the trickle-bed reactor possessed a shorter contact time (8.5 h per cycle) and lower laccase activity compared with those of the fluidized-bed reactor, it demonstrated a higher removal yield and lower bacterial counts. In addition, the utilization of pine wood as a carrier obviously reduced the cost since no additional nutrients were required. Hence, after evaluating all advantages and limitations of both bioreactors, for the purpose of treating over the long term and scaling up, a trickle-bed reactor is the preferred choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaidi Hu
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Sarrà
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d'Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gloria Caminal
- Institut de Química Avançada de Catalunya (IQAC), CSIC. Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Köck-Schulmeyer M, Ginebreda A, Petrovic M, Giulivo M, Aznar-Alemany Ò, Eljarrat E, Valle-Sistac J, Molins-Delgado D, Diaz-Cruz MS, Monllor-Alcaraz LS, Guillem-Argiles N, Martínez E, Miren LDA, Llorca M, Farré M, Peña JM, Mandaric L, Pérez S, Majone B, Bellin A, Kalogianni E, Skoulikidis NT, Milačič R, Barceló D. Priority and emerging organic microcontaminants in three Mediterranean river basins: Occurrence, spatial distribution, and identification of river basin specific pollutants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:142344. [PMID: 33254885 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
There is a worldwide growing use of chemicals by our developed, industrialized, and technological society. More than 100,000 chemical substances are thus commonly used both by industry and households. Depending on the amount produced, physical-chemical properties, and mode of use, many of them may reach the environment and, notably, the aquatic receiving systems. This may result in undesirable and harmful side-effects on both the human and the ecosystem's health. Mediterranean rivers are largely different from Northern and Central European rivers in terms of hydrological regime, climate conditions (e.g. air temperature, solar irradiation, precipitation), and socio-economics (e.g. land use, tourism, crop types, etc.), with all these factors leading to differences in the relative importance of the environmental stressors, in the classes and levels of the pollutants found and their environmental fate. Furthermore, water scarcity might be critical in affecting water pollution because of the lowered dilution capacity of chemicals. This work provides raw chemical data from different families of microcontaminants identified in three selected Mediterranean rivers (the Sava, Evrotas, and Adige) collected during two sampling campaigns conducted in 2014 and 2015 in three different matrices, namely, water, sediments, and biota (fish). More than 200 organic micropollutants were analyzed, including relevant groups like pharmaceuticals, personal care products, perfluorinated compounds, pesticides, pyrethroid insecticides, flame retardants, and persistent organic pollutants. Data obtained were summarized with some basic statistics for all compound families and matrices analyzed. Observed occurrence and spatial patterns were interpreted both in terms of compound physical-chemical properties and local environmental pressures. Finally, their spatial distribution was examined and their ecotoxicological risk in the water phase was assessed. This allowed locating, at each basin, the most polluted sites ("hot spots") and identifying the respective river basin specific pollutants (RBSPs), prioritizing them in terms of the potential ecotoxicological risk posed to the aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antoni Ginebreda
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Mira Petrovic
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit, 101, Edifici H(2)O, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; Catalan Institution for Research and advanced studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Monica Giulivo
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Òscar Aznar-Alemany
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ethel Eljarrat
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer Valle-Sistac
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Molins-Delgado
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Silvia Diaz-Cruz
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Nuria Guillem-Argiles
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - López de Alda Miren
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Llorca
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marinella Farré
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Manuel Peña
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ladislav Mandaric
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit, 101, Edifici H(2)O, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
| | - Sandra Pérez
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bruno Majone
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Alberto Bellin
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano 77, I-38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Eleni Kalogianni
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters (IMBRIW), Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7 km Athens-Souniou Av., 190 13, P.O. Box 712, Anavissos, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Th Skoulikidis
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters (IMBRIW), Hellenic Center for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7 km Athens-Souniou Av., 190 13, P.O. Box 712, Anavissos, Greece
| | - Radmila Milačič
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damià Barceló
- Dept. of Environmental Chemistry, IDAEA-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Emili Grahit, 101, Edifici H(2)O, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain
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