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Kumar K, Bhartia A, Mishra RK, Jadon RPS, Kumar J. Diurnal rail noise measurement, analysis, and evaluation of associated health impacts on residents living in the proximity of rail track area. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:543. [PMID: 38740673 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12681-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In India, railway is the major transportation mode for carrying goods and people. The tracks for the movement of the rail were initially constructed in the city for the pre-eminence and expediency of the vantage of the people. Rapid modernization and increasing population in the city crammed the area around the railway tracks. Moving rail on the tracks passing through the city is not compatible, which is creating problems for the nearby residents. In the urban and suburban regions, the railway noise has become a major problem. This study was conducted to examine the perception of the physiological and psychological effects of railway noise in the nearby areas of railway stations in Delhi, India. For this purpose, 10 sites near the railway station were selected for the study. To assess the impact of railway noise pollution on the health of humans, a questionnaire survey was conducted. The data of 344 individuals were collected through the questionnaire survey and analyzed to get the perception towards railway noise. Noise level was monitored by a Sound Level Meter (SLM) and the equivalent noise level (Leq) in dB(A) was used to compute the noise pollution in three shifts, i.e., morning, noon, and evening time. Results showed that 57.65% of female and 86.11% of male respondents in the survey reported the disturbance due to railway noise. The level of noise pollution was found higher in the evening time as compared to the noon and morning period, which exceeds the limit set by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) at all the monitored locations. Findings of the study show that the primary cause of the health problems is railroad noise, which is negatively impacting the health of the residents, who are living in the proximity of the rail track region. The perception survey reported that headache, sleep disturbance, irritation, and stress are common health issues among the locals residing around the railway track proximity in Delhi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranti Kumar
- School of Liberal Studies, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi, Delhi, 110006, India.
- Department of Mathematics, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Dharamshala, 176206, India.
| | - Arun Bhartia
- School of Liberal Studies, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar University Delhi, Delhi, 110006, India
| | - Rajeev Kumar Mishra
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Ravi Pratap Singh Jadon
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Delhi Technological University, Delhi, 110042, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar
- Department of Mathematics, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031, India
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Andrade EDL, de Lima EA, Martins ACG, Zannin PHT, da Cunha E Silva DC. Urban noise assessment in hospitals: measurements and mapping in the context of the city of Sorocaba, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:267. [PMID: 38356083 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12391-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Noise pollution has become a public health problem in several countries worldwide. Noise maps are tools used in many cities, mainly on the European continent. In other regions, they are used in smaller areas, and few studies focus on hospital areas, considered noise-sensitive zones. In this context, this study aimed to perform sound measurements and noise maps for the day and night periods in the surroundings of three hospitals in Sorocaba, Brazil. Sound measurements occurred around the three hospitals based on NBR 10151 and ISO 1996 standards. The noise maps were drawn up using a calculation model based on ISO 9613-2. Results showed that the sound measurement points around the hospitals had levels above those recommended by the Brazilian standard for sensitive areas (LAeq 50 and 45 dB for day and night, respectively). The acoustic maps showed high sound levels on all faces of the hospital buildings, both during the day and at night. The worst scenario concerned the vicinity of the roads with the highest flow and speed of vehicles. We concluded that three different hospitals in the city have high sound levels in their surroundings above the recommended for sensitive areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik de Lima Andrade
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Avenida Três de Março, 511 - Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18.087-180, Brazil.
| | - Eligelcy Augusta de Lima
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Avenida Três de Março, 511 - Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18.087-180, Brazil
| | - Antônio Cesar Germano Martins
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Avenida Três de Março, 511 - Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18.087-180, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Trombetta Zannin
- Federal University of Paraná - Laboratory of Environmental and Industrial Acoustics and Acoustic Comfort, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Darllan Collins da Cunha E Silva
- São Paulo State University (UNESP) - Institute of Science and Technology of Sorocaba, Avenida Três de Março, 511 - Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, 18.087-180, Brazil
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Maljaee SS, Khadem Sameni M, Ahmadi M. Effects of railway noise and vibrations on dissatisfaction of residents: case study of Iran. ENVIRONMENT, DEVELOPMENT AND SUSTAINABILITY 2022; 26:1-31. [PMID: 36337835 PMCID: PMC9628353 DOI: 10.1007/s10668-022-02718-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of noise and vibrations caused by railways on the lives of residents around the railways in districts 17 and 18 of Tehran, the capital of Iran which amounts to about 700,000 people, are investigated. In the first stage the actual level of noise was measured at various points which showed above standard levels. Afterward, the authors developed a questionnaire and the survey was conducted from 376 residents. The findings of this study show that the most important factor for the residents adjacent to the railway line is the need for action by the country's railway authorities to reduce and control the adverse effects of noise and vibration. Also, the analysis of inferential statistics performed by chi-square test shows that the variables of gender and proximity of residence or workplace or both to the railway do not affect any of the railway noise or vibration dissatisfaction. The age variable also has no effect on noise dissatisfaction but does impact on vibration. Finally, distance from the railway affects both disaffection from noise and vibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Sara Maljaee
- School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Hengam St., Narmak, Tehran, 13114-16846 Iran
| | - Melody Khadem Sameni
- School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Hengam St., Narmak, Tehran, 13114-16846 Iran
| | - Mina Ahmadi
- School of Railway Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Hengam St., Narmak, Tehran, 13114-16846 Iran
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Amor MDMDD, Caracena AB, Llorens M, Esquembre F. Tools for evaluation and prediction of industrial noise sources. Application to a wastewater treatment plant. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 319:115725. [PMID: 35863305 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, acoustic pollution caused by noise has considerably increased in many countries. Particularly in Spain, the noisiest country in Europe. It is sometimes difficult to predict the noise levels that a new installation or an expansion of industrial equipment will cause in the surroundings. This work introduces a new methodology for the prediction, evaluation, and analysis of industrial noise sources, as well as a novel tool for predicting and categorizing outdoor noise from its measurement at their sources. A Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) has been used to demonstrate the applicability and validity of this methodology. The continuous level of acoustic pressure equivalent has been measured in different points of the plant using an integrating sound level meter. From these values, noise maps have been built to obtain detailed information of the industrial noise generated in the installation. Also, the typical frequency patterns of each type of source have been used for the calculation of source noise apportionments. To achieve this objective, several noise sources have been selected to provide information about their contribution to the industrial noise in the WWTP surrounding area. Finally, predictions have been validated using actual measurements. This methodology is a useful tool to predict personal exposure to noise and the impact on the environment. This information can be used, in particular, to propose mitigation actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mercedes Llorens
- University of Murcia, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, Spain
| | - Francisco Esquembre
- University of Murcia, Faculty of Mathematics, Department of Mathematics, Spain
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Venkataraman S, Rumpler R, Leth S, Toward M, Bustad T. Improving strategic noise mapping of railway noise in Europe: Refining CNOSSOS-EU calculations using TWINS. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156216. [PMID: 35643133 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The Environmental Noise Directive (2002/49/EC) requires all European Union Member States to produce strategic noise maps using a common assessment methodology: CNOSSOS-EU. The reliability of CNOSSOS-EU railway noise evaluation is dependent on the input vehicle and track transfer functions. The CNOSSOS-EU default database contains the currently available choices for these transfer functions. However, these available transfer functions are limited and of insufficient quality, resulting in large errors in noise level calculations. An approach is presented, introducing an established analytical railway rolling noise calculation technique (TWINS), to extract more reliable and specific transfer functions. A case study consisting of railway rolling noise mitigation measures is defined and used as the basis for extracting and testing these transfer functions. The extracted transfer functions reduce the average deviation between CNOSSOS-EU and reference calculations using TWINS from 6.1 dB(A) to 0.8 dB(A) in absolute sound power levels, and from 1.2 db(A) to 0.3 dB(A) in estimates of noise reduction potential for the defined mitigation measures. Application of this approach shows potential to improve the quality and depth of the existing CNOSSOS-EU default database. This may lead to more reliable estimations of railway noise in the strategic noise maps and the subsequent assessment of its harmful effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddharth Venkataraman
- The Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research (MWL), Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden; The Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Romain Rumpler
- The Marcus Wallenberg Laboratory for Sound and Vibration Research (MWL), Department of Engineering Mechanics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden; The Centre for ECO2 Vehicle Design, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Siv Leth
- Accumera AB, Lidingo 18137, Sweden
| | - Martin Toward
- University of Southampton, Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Traffic Noise Reduction Strategy in a Large City and an Analysis of Its Effect. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12126027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
A noise reduction strategy was proposed for Panyu District of Guangzhou City based on its traffic noise map, which considered both road and railway traffic noise. Commercial software was applied to compute the noise maps with and without noise barriers based on the field traffic flow measurements. Noise compliance maps were further developed to assess the effects of noise barriers on the quality of the sound environment. The change in populations exposed to unhealthy traffic noise with noise barriers was calculated, and the group noise indicators Gdn and Gnight, which indicate the populations of highly annoyed and sleep-disturbed people, were evaluated. The results showed that the traffic noise level was significantly decreased after the implementation of noise barriers. It was predicted that with the strategy of applying suitable noise barriers, the overall areas under heavy noise pollution could be reduced by 24.5 and 24.3 km2 during daytime and nighttime, respectively. Meanwhile, the total areas that could meet the regulated standard for noise levels were increased by 97.4, and 66.9 km2, corresponding to compliance rate increments of 18.38% and 12.62%, respectively, in daytime and nighttime. The results further revealed that the installation of noise barriers could significantly reduce the population of highly annoyed people, while the reduction of the population experiencing sleep disturbances was insignificant.
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Wen L, Song Q. Simulation study on carbon emission of China's freight system under the target of carbon peaking. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152600. [PMID: 34953849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The development of Chinese society needs the support of a perfect and efficient freight transport system. Nonetheless, China's freight system is facing a major challenge in reducing carbon emissions. Hence, firstly, this paper explores three major internal drivers of carbon emissions by analyzing the current situation in China's freight system: proportion of railway freight (PORF), railway electrification level (REL) and electric truck penetration (ETP). Secondly, the system dynamics (SDs) model is used to simulate the carbon emission system of freight transportation in China. Thirdly, this paper sets 13 scenarios of carbon peaking to explore the paths of carbon peaking before 2030 under the three levels of development of ETP oriented freight system. The results indicate that when PORF, REL, and ETP reach 23.96% of total freight volume, 83.7% of rail freight, and 11% of truck freight in 2030 respectively, China's freight system has the most optimistic scenario of carbon peaking. Meanwhile, the time of carbon peaking is 2024, and the peak value is 0.842 billion tons. When PORF, REL, and ETP reach 15.96% of total freight volume, 63.7% of rail freight, and 3% of truck freight in 2030 respectively, China's freight system has the worst scenario of carbon peaking. Meanwhile, the time of carbon peaking is 2029, and the peak value is 1.016 billion tons. Also, it is proved that improving PORF, REL, and ETP is an effective way to achieve green and sustainable development of China's freight industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wen
- Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- Department of Economics and Management, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, Hebei, China.
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Němec M, Gergeľ T, Gejdoš M, Danihelová A, Ondrejka V. Selected Approaches to the Assessment of Environmental Noise from Railways in Urban Areas. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18137086. [PMID: 34281024 PMCID: PMC8297324 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rail transport is the second most important way of transporting people and freights by land in the European Union. Rail noise affects around 12 million people in the European Union during the day and around 9 million at night. There are two possible ways to assess environmental noise: noise measurement in situ and prediction using mathematical models. The aim of the work is based on the performed measurements and selected noise predictions to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction models and assess their sensitivity to various aspects. Two measuring points in the Banská Bystrica Self-Governing Region, within Slovakia, were selected for measurement, which is characterized by increased mobility of the population. For prediction, the two methodologies were selected (Schall 03 and Methodical instructions for the calculation of sound pressure level from transport). The results show that the Schall 03 method is sensitive to the measurement location (the value reaches half of the significance level) and to the location–period interaction. The second prediction method is sensitive to systematic error (absolute term) and, such as Schall 03, to the location–period interaction. This method systematically overestimates the results. Results showed greater accuracy of both prediction models compared to the measured noise values than the results of the authors in other countries and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Němec
- Department of Physics, Electrical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +421-455-206-474
| | - Tomáš Gergeľ
- Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, T.G. Masaryka 22, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (T.G.); (V.O.)
| | - Miloš Gejdoš
- Department of Forest Harvesting, Logistics and Ameliorations, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia;
| | - Anna Danihelová
- Department of Fire Protection, Faculty of Wood Sciences and Technology, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G Masaryka 24, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia;
| | - Vojtěch Ondrejka
- Forest Research Institute, National Forest Centre, T.G. Masaryka 22, 96001 Zvolen, Slovakia; (T.G.); (V.O.)
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Bozkurt TS. Preparation of Industrial Noise Mapping and Improvement of Environmental Quality. CURRENT POLLUTION REPORTS 2021; 7:325-343. [PMID: 34123708 PMCID: PMC8186962 DOI: 10.1007/s40726-021-00195-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Environmental noise control is necessary for human health and auditory comfort conditions. In this respect, it is required that industrial noise should be kept under control and healthy living spaces should be obtained in residential areas. This paper aims to explain industrial noise control at urban and building scales. In this study, the strategic noise mapping process related to industrial activities in a line with the Environmental Noise Directive (END) was clarified. Besides this, what type of factors are effective in the industrial noise mapping process were defined, and important basic parameters, which are essential in the industrial noise mapping, were detailed. The preparation of the industrial noise mapping process was explained in detail. It was mentioned that the regions exposed to excessive noise should be defined according to the strategic noise map and improvement plans should be performed. Improvement methods that reduce excessive noise in living spaces are clarified and it was explained how the improvement of environmental quality can be acquired. In this regard, this paper gives information on industrial noise mapping and industrial noise control at the urban scale.
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