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Gao X, Feng W, Zhang H, Weng N, Huo S. Magnetically recyclable Cu 2+ doped Fe 3O 4@biochar for in-situ inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa: Performance and reusability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 907:167903. [PMID: 37858828 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms in eutrophic water bodies have frequently occurred worldwide and become a major environmental concern. Therefore, it is imperative to develop a stable and efficient algaecide to solve this issue. In this study, our purpose was to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of a newly developed Cu2+ doped Fe3O4@Biochar magnetic composite (Cu-Mag-BC) in in-situ inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa). We successfully synthesized the Cu-Mag-BC by coating Cu2+ onto Fe3O4@Biochar. Cu-Mag-BC exhibited superparamagnetic behavior and was uniformly impregnated by Cu2+. Cu-Mag-BC (5 mg/L), rapidly inactivated chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) in M. aeruginosa with low Fe and Cu leaching, during which time the OD264 value and malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased, while the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) first increased and then decreased, due to oxidative stress induced by over-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Quantitative results showed that ·O2- and ·OH were the main ROS species produced from Cu-Mag-BC. Inactivation efficiency was maintained at approximately 80 % after three consecutive runs and total Chl-a removal efficiency reached 2.84 g/g, indicating good reusability and stability. A possible inactivation mechanism is proposed; amino groups and adipose chain were the primary oxidation sites. Thus, Cu-Mag-BC shows potential as a candidate for simultaneously inactivating harmful cyanobacteria and preventing secondary pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Weiying Feng
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hanxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Nanyan Weng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Shouliang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, China.
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2
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Feng G, Liu J, Li H, Liu JS, Duan Z, Wu L, Gao Y, Meng XZ. Insights from colony formation: The necessity to consider morphotype when assessing the effect of antibiotics on cyanobacteria. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 246:120704. [PMID: 37827036 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Colonial cyanobacteria have been identified as the primary contributor to the global occurrence of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs), which are further intensified by the presence of "pseudo-persistent" antibiotics. Nevertheless, the impact of antibiotics on the growth and size of colonial cyanobacteria remains unclear. In this study, the response of cyanobacterium Microcystis to varying doses of antibiotics was assessed (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 10, and 50 μg L-1) by comparing the unicellular and colonial morphotypes. Interestingly, the morphological structure of cyanobacteria plays a significant role in their reaction to antibiotics. In comparison to the unicellular morphotype, the colonial morphotype exhibited a greater promotion in growth rate (11 %-22 %) to low doses of antibiotics and was less inhibited (-121 %--62 %) under high doses. Furthermore, antibiotics may affect the size of cyanobacterial colonies by disrupting the secretion of algal organic matter, which also exhibited a two-phase pattern. This work sheds light on the significance of methodology research involving both unicellular and colonial cyanobacteria. Future research and lake management should prioritize studying the morphological traits of cyanobacteria under different levels of antibiotic exposure. This approach may lead to novel strategies for predicting cyanoHABs under antibiotic pollution more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganyu Feng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianbin Liu
- Shanghai Qingpu District Environmental Monitoring Station, 15 Xidayinggang Road, Shanghai 201799, China
| | - Hongbo Li
- Beijing ENFI Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., 12 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Jin-Song Liu
- College of Advanced Materials Engineering, Jiaxing Nanhu University, 572 South Yuexiu Road, Jiaxing 314001, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhipeng Duan
- College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yunze Gao
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang-Zhou Meng
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China; Jiaxing-Tongji Environmental Research Institute, 1994 Linggongtang Road, Jiaxing 314051, Zhejiang Province, China.
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3
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Li N, Chen F, Xu S, Zhu S, Bu L, Deng L, Shi Z, Zhou S. Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by manganese activated sodium percarbonate: Performance and role of the in-situ formed MnO 2. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140054. [PMID: 37669718 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that pre-oxidation of manganese salts such as potassium permanganate and potassium manganate can remove algae in water, while existing problems such as excessive oxidation and appearance of chromaticity. In this study, our objective was to induce a Fenton-like reaction by activating sodium percarbonate (SPC) with divalent manganese (Mn(II)) to pre-oxidize algae-contaminated water. The optimal dosage of Mn(II)/SPC was determined by assessing the zeta potential of the algae and the residual Mn(II) in the solution. Moreover, we conducted a characterization of the cells post-reaction and assessed the levels of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The disinfection by-products (DBPs) (sodium hypochlorite disinfection)of the algae-containing water subsequent to Mn(II)/SPC treatment were measured. Experiments show that Mn(II)/SPC pre-oxidation at optimal dosage acquired 88% removal of algae and less damage to the cell membrane. Moreover, the Mn(II) acted not only as a catalyst but also formed MnO2 which adsorbed onto the cell surface and facilitated sedimentation. Furthermore, this technology exhibits the capability to effectively manage algal organic matters present in water, thereby mitigating the formation of nitrogen-containing DBPs. These results highlight the potential of Mn(II)/SPC treatment for treating water contaminated with algae, thus ensuring the safety and quality of water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Li
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Fan Chen
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Shunkai Xu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Shumin Zhu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China.
| | - Lingjun Bu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Lin Deng
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Zhou Shi
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
| | - Shiqing Zhou
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Water Security Technology and Application, College of Civil Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China; Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency, Ministry of Education, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, PR China
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4
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Manna M, Sen S. Advanced oxidation process: a sustainable technology for treating refractory organic compounds present in industrial wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25477-25505. [PMID: 35287196 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19435-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The world faces tremendous challenges and environmental crises due to the rising strength of wastewater. The conventional technologies fail to achieve the quality water that can be reused after treatment means "zero effluent" discharge of the industrial effluent. Therefore, now the key challenge is to develop improved technologies which will have no contribution to secondary pollution and at the same time more efficient for the socio-economic growth of the environment. Sustainable technologies are needed for wastewater treatment, reducing footprint by recycling, reusing, and recovering resources. Advanced oxidation process (AOP) is one of the sustainable emerging technologies for treating refractory organic contaminants present in different industrial wastewaters like textile, paper and pulp, pharmaceuticals, petrochemicals, and refineries. This critical review emerges details of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), mentioning all possible permutations and combinations of components like ozone, UV, the catalyst used in the process. Non-conventional AOP systems, microwave, ultrasound, and plasma pulse assisted are the future of the oxidation process. This review aims to enlighten the role of AOPs for the mineralization of refractory organic contaminants (ROC) to readily biodegradable organics that cannot be either possible by conventional treatment. The integrated AOPs can improve the biodegradability of recalcitrant organic compounds and reduce the toxicity of wastewater, making them suitable for further biological treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Manna
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sujit Sen
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
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Qin W, Qian K, Liu X, Zhang X, Chen Z, Wang M, Jia Y, Ma Z. Investigation of the flocculating activity of oyster shell powders on Microcystis aeruginosa with varying particle size and mechanical conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:44353-44366. [PMID: 36692721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms have been a serious environmental problem. The flocculation of Microcystis aeruginosa by oyster shell powders prepared by aerobic calcination (CO), anaerobic calcination (CN), acidification anaerobic calcination (CAN), and deacetylation anaerobic calcination (CHN) was studied. The CO800 (100 mesh) and CN800 (160 mesh) presented the highest flocculation rate of 89.46% and 77.39% when they were stirred for 1 min with speed of 750 r/min and 250 r/min, respectively. The photosynthesis and viability of the algae cells flocculated by CO800 with particle size of 100 mesh were not significantly damaged. The phosphorus nutrient could be removed by CO800 and CN800 effectively due to the presence of Ca2+, which also limited Microcystis aeruginosa growth. The study showed that the processing of oyster shell powder could be used as an effective flocculating material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Qin
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kairong Qian
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xueya Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xinyi Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zefei Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Min Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yang Jia
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Zengling Ma
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ecological Treatment Technology for Urban Water Pollution, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, People's Republic of China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Subtropical Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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6
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Agathokleous E, Peñuelas J, Azevedo RA, Rillig MC, Sun H, Calabrese EJ. Low Levels of Contaminants Stimulate Harmful Algal Organisms and Enrich Their Toxins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11991-12002. [PMID: 35968681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c02763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A widespread increase in intense phytoplankton blooms has been noted in lakes worldwide since the 1980s, with the summertime peak intensity amplifying in most lakes. Such blooms cause annual economic losses of multibillion USD and present a major challenge, affecting 11 out of the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Here, we evaluate recent scientific evidence for hormetic effects of emerging contaminants and regulated pollutants on Microcystis sp., the most notorious cyanobacteria forming harmful algal blooms and releasing phycotoxins in eutrophic freshwater systems. This new evidence leads to the conclusion that pollution is linked to algal bloom intensification. Concentrations of contaminants that are considerably smaller than the threshold for toxicity enhance the formation of harmful colonies, increase the production of phycotoxins and their release into the environment, and lower the efficacy of algaecides to control algal blooms. The low-dose enhancement of microcystins is attributed to the up-regulation of a protein controlling microcystin release (McyH) and various microcystin synthetases in tandem with the global nitrogen regulator Ycf28, nonribosomal peptide synthetases, and several ATP-binding cassette transport proteins. Given that colony formation and phycotoxin production and release are enhanced by contaminant concentrations smaller than the toxicological threshold and are widely occurring in the environment, the effect of contaminants on harmful algal blooms is more prevalent than previously thought. Climate change and nutrient enrichment, known mechanisms underpinning algal blooms, are thus joined by low-level pollutants as another causal mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Global Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration & Mitigation, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia 08193, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia 08193, Spain
| | - Ricardo A Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"/Universidade de São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Avenida Pádua Dias, 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, São Paulo 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr. 6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Haoyu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Edward J Calabrese
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Morrill I, N344, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Foroutan R, Peighambardoust SJ, Mohammadi R, Peighambardoust SH, Ramavandi B. Development of new magnetic adsorbent of walnut shell ash/starch/Fe 3O 4 for effective copper ions removal: Treatment of groundwater samples. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 296:133978. [PMID: 35176297 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this investigation was to develop a new magnetic nanocomposite of walnut shell ash (WSA)/starch/Fe3O4 to remove Cu (II) present in groundwater samples. The desired nanocomposites were successfully synthesized by the chemical deposition method. The specific active surface area for pristine WSA and WSA/starch/Fe3O4 magnetic nanocomposites was determined to be 8.1 and 52.6 m2/g, respectively. A central composite design for the response surface method was utilized to study the influence of pH, adsorbent quantity, initial content of Cu (II), temperature, and contact time. This method showed the success of the model to design process variables and to estimate the appropriate response. The P- and F-value determined for the quadratic polynomial model showed the significance and accuracy of the proposed model in examining experimental and predicted data with R2 and Adj.R2 of 0.994 and 0.991, respectively. The Cu adsorption onto WSA and WSA/starch/Fe3O4 obeyed the Freundlich and Langmuir models, respectively. The highest Cu (II) sorption capacity of 29.0 and 45.4 mg/g was attained for WSA and WSA/starch/Fe3O4, respectively. The free energy of Gibbs had a negative value at 25-45 °C indicating that the adsorption process is spontaneous. Also, negative ΔH values for copper adsorption showed that the processes are exothermic. The kinetic adsorption data for WSA and WSA/starch/Fe3O4 followed the pseudo-second order (PSO) model. The ability of the composite adsorbent to remove copper from three groundwater samples showed that it could be reused at least 3 times with appropriate efficiency, depending on the water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rauf Foroutan
- Faculty of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 5166616471, Iran
| | | | - Reza Mohammadi
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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Ma D, Yi H, Lai C, Liu X, Huo X, An Z, Li L, Fu Y, Li B, Zhang M, Qin L, Liu S, Yang L. Critical review of advanced oxidation processes in organic wastewater treatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 275:130104. [PMID: 33984911 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
With the development of industrial society, organic wastewater produced by industrial manufacturing has caused many environmental problems. The vast majority of organic pollutants in water bodies are persistent in the environment, posing a threat to human and animal health. Therefore, efficient treatment methods for highly concentrated organic wastewater are urgently needed. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely noticed in the area of treating organic wastewater. Compared with other chemical methods, AOPs have the characteristics of high oxidation efficiency and no secondary pollution. In this paper, the mechanisms, advantages, and limitations of AOPs are comprehensively reviewed. Besides, the basic principles of combining different AOPs to enhance the treatment efficiency are described. Furthermore, the applications of AOPs in various wastewater treatments, such as oily wastewater, dyeing wastewater, pharmaceutical wastewater, and landfill leachate, are also presented. Finally, we conclude that the main direction in the future of AOPs are the modification of catalysts and the optimization of operating parameters, with the challenges focusing on industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengsheng Ma
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Huan Yi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Cui Lai
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China.
| | - Xigui Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Xiuqin Huo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Ziwen An
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Ling Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Yukui Fu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Bisheng Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Mingming Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Lei Qin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Shiyu Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
| | - Lu Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China
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