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Zhao B, Gao R, Zhang X, Xia L, Zhang L, Xia D, Liu D, Xia Z, Xu W. Comparison of soil quality assessment methods for different vegetation eco-restoration techniques at engineering disturbed areas. PeerJ 2024; 12:e18033. [PMID: 39247548 PMCID: PMC11380839 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.18033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific assessment of soil quality is the foundation of sustainable vegetation eco-restoration in engineering disturbed areas. This study aimed to find a qualitative and comprehensive method for assessing soil quality after vegetation eco-restoration in engineering disturbed areas. Sixteen soil indicators were used at six vegetation eco-restoration sites as the potential soil indicators. A minimum data set (MDS) and revised minimum data set (RMDS) were determined by principal component analysis. Six soil quality indices (SQIs) of varying scoring functions based on different data sets were employed in this study. Significant positive correlations were observed among all six SQIs, indicating that the effects of different vegetation eco-restoration measures on soil quality could be quantified by all six SQIs. The SQI values of the vegetation concrete eco-restoration slope (VC), frame beam filling soil slope (FB), thick layer base material spraying slope (TB), and external-soil spray seeding slope (SS) were all significantly higher than the SQI value of the abandoned slag slope (AS). It is noteworthy that the SQIs of the VC and TB sites were also significantly higher than the SQI of the natural forest (NF) site. These results indicate that the application of artificial remediation measures can significantly improve the soil quality of the disturbed area at the Xiangjiaba hydropower station. The results of this study also indicate that the SQI-NLRM method is a practical and accurate quantitative tool for soil quality assessment and is recommended for evaluating soil quality under various vegetation eco-restoration techniques in disturbance areas at the Xiangjiaba hydropower station and in other areas with similar habitat characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Ruzhang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Xingfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Lu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Lun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Dong Xia
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Slope Habitat Construction Technique Using Cement-based Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Daxiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Zhenyao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
| | - Wennian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Slope Habitat Construction Technique Using Cement-based Materials, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China
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Mao P, Lin Q, Cao B, Qiao J, Wang K, Han X, Pang Y, Cao X, Jia B, Yang Q. Analysis of Tamarix chinensis Forest Characteristics, Salt Ion Distribution, and Non-Structural Carbohydrate Levels in the Yellow River Delta: A Spatial Study Based on Proximity to the Shoreline. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2372. [PMID: 39273856 DOI: 10.3390/plants13172372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 08/23/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
The distribution of vegetation in coastal wetlands is significantly influenced by soil properties. However, the mechanisms of how soil characteristics impact the physiological processes of Tamarix chinensis forests remain underexplored. This study examined changes in the soil physicochemical properties and structural attributes of natural T. chinensis forests in the Yellow River Delta with increasing distance from the shoreline. T. chinensis trees were classified into healthy, intermediate, and dying categories based on growth potential, and dynamic changes in salt ions and non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) were investigated. Results indicated that increasing distance from the shoreline corresponded to decreased soil salinity and pH, and increased soil moisture. T. chinensis mortality rate decreased, while tree height and ground diameter increased with distance. Soil salt content was positively correlated with T. chinensis mortality, but negatively correlated with tree height and ground diameter. Trees with lower growth potential had higher Na+ but lower K+ and K+/Na+ ratio. Soil salt content was positively correlated with root and stem Na+, while soil moisture was positively correlated with leaf NSCs. These findings suggest that soil salt content and moisture significantly influence T. chinensis ion absorption and NSC accumulation, with sodium toxicity being a key factor in the spatial distribution of T. chinensis forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peili Mao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Qingzhi Lin
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Banghua Cao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jiabao Qiao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Kexin Wang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xin Han
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Yuanxiang Pang
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Xiaonan Cao
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Bo Jia
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
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Zhang C, Yu X, Laipan M, Wei T, Guo J. Soil health improvement by inoculation of indigenous microalgae in saline soil. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:23. [PMID: 38225518 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01790-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Using biological methods to improve saline soils is recognized as an eco-friendly and sustainable way. In this study, two indigenous algae YJ-1 and YJ-2 screened from salinized farmland were inoculated into saline soils with different salinization levels to investigate their potential in enhancing soil health by laboratory microcosm experiment. The results showed that individual inoculation of the two algae quickly resulted in the formation of algal crusts, and the chlorophyll content in the saline soils gradually increased with the incubation time. The soil pH decreased significantly from the initial 8.15-9.45 to 6.97-7.56 after 60-day incubation. The exopolysaccharides secretion and the activities of catalase, sucrase, and urease in saline soils also increased. Microalgal inoculation increased soil organic matter storage, while decreasing the available nutrient contents possibly due to the depletion of microalgal growth. PCA and PCC results identified that microalgal biomass as the predominant variable affecting soil quality. Overall, these data revealed the great potential of microalgae in the amelioration of saline soils, especially in pH reduction and enzyme activity enhancement. This study will provide the theoretical foundation for improving saline soils via algalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianwei Yu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Minwang Laipan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Junkang Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, People's Republic of China
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Fan Y, Sui D, Jiang J, Wang L. The role of WRKY transcription factors in exogenous potassium (K +) response to NaCl stress in Tamarix ramosissima. Front Genet 2023; 14:1274288. [PMID: 38054027 PMCID: PMC10694239 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1274288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Soil salinization poses a significant challenge to plant growth and vitality. Plants like Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb (T. ramosissima), which are halophytes, are often integrated into planting schemes tailored for saline environments. Yet, the role of WRKY transcription factors in T. ramosissima, especially under sodium chloride (NaCl) stress mitigated by exogenous K+ application, is not well-understood. This research endeavors to bridge this knowledge gap. Methods: Using Pfam protein domain prediction and physicochemical property analysis, we delved into the WRKY genes in T. ramosissima roots that are implicated in counteracting NaCl stress when aided by exogenous K+ applications. By observing shifts in the expression levels of WRKY genes annotated to the KEGG pathway under NaCl stress at 0, 48, and 168 h, we aimed to identify potential key WRKY genes. Results: We found that the expression of 56 WRKY genes in T. ramosissima roots responded to exogenous K+ application during NaCl stress at the indicated time points. Particularly, the expression levels of these genes were primarily upregulated within 168 h. From these, 10 WRKY genes were found to be relevant in the KEGG pathways. Moreover, six genes, namely Unigene0024962, Unigene0024963, Unigene0010090, Unigene0007135, Unigene0070215, and Unigene0077293, were annotated to the Plant-pathogen interaction pathway or the MAPK signaling pathway in plants. These genes exhibited dynamic expression regulation at 48 h with the application of exogenous K+ under NaCl stress. Discussion: Our research highlights that WRKY transcription factors can modulate the activation or inhibition of related genes during NaCl stress with the application of exogenous K+. This regulation enhances the plant's adaptability to saline environments and mitigates the damage induced by NaCl. These findings provide valuable gene resources for future salt-tolerant Tamarix breeding and expand our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of WRKY transcription factors in alleviating NaCl toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Chen
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuanyi Zhang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunlong Fan
- Faculty of Science Department of Statistics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Dezong Sui
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, China
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Yu Q, Suo L, Qi J, Wang Y, Hu Q, Shan Y, Zhao Y. Soil habitat condition shapes Tamarix chinensis community diversity in the coastal saline-alkali soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1156297. [PMID: 37180386 PMCID: PMC10169711 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Unfavorable coastal saline-alkali soil habitats degrade plant community diversity and reduce terrestrial ecological functions. Previous studies have been conducted on the mechanisms by which certain saline-alkali soil properties determine plant community diversity, however, how those properties synergistically affect plant community diversity remains unclear. Methods Here, 36 plots of typical Tamarix chinensis communities were investigated for a range of parameters at three different distances (10, 20, and 40 km) from the coastline in the Yellow River Delta between 2020 and 2022, and corresponding soil samples were taken and analyzed. Results and discussion Our results suggest that although T. chinensis density, ground diameter, and canopy coverage significantly increased (P<0.05) with increasing distance from the coast, the communities with the most plant species were found at 10 to 20 km distance from the coastline, indicating the effects of soil habitat on T. chinensis community diversity. Simpson dominance (species dominance), Margalef (species richness), and Pielou indices (species evenness) differed significantly among the three distances (P<0.05) and were significantly correlated with soil sand content, mean soil moisture, and electrical conductivity (P<0.05), indicating that soil texture, water, and salinity were the main factors governing T. chinensis community diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to construct an integrated soil habitat index (SHI) representing the synthesis of the soil texture-water-salinity condition. The estimated SHI quantified a 64.2% variation in the synthetic soil texture-water-salinity condition and was significantly higher at the 10 km distance than at the 40 and 20 km distances. The SHI linearly predicted T. chinensis community diversity (R2 = 0.12-0.17, P<0.05), suggesting that greater SHI (coarser soil texture, wetter soil moisture regime, and higher soil salinity) was found closer to the coast and coincided with higher species dominance and evenness and lower species richness in the T. chinensis community. These findings on the relationship between T. chinensis communities and soil habitat conditions will be valuable in planning the restoration and protection of the ecological functions of T. chinensis shrubs in the Yellow River Delta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjun Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Lizhu Suo
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Ji Qi
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Qiuli Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Shan
- Sericulture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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Yang R, Sun Z, Liu X, Long X, Gao L, Shen Y. Biomass composite with exogenous organic acid addition supports the growth of sweet sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor ' Dochna') by reducing salinity and increasing nutrient levels in coastal saline-alkaline soil. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1163195. [PMID: 37056508 PMCID: PMC10086266 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1163195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In coastal saline lands, organic matter is scarce and saline stress is high. Exploring the promotion effect of intervention with organic acid from biological materials on soil improvement and thus forage output and determining the related mechanism are beneficial to the potential cultivation and resourceful, high-value utilization of coastal mudflats as back-up arable land. METHOD Three exogenous organic acids [humic acid (H), fulvic acid (F), and citric acid (C)] were combined with four kinds of biomass materials [cottonseed hull (CH), cow manure (CM), grass charcoal (GC), and pine needle (PN)] and applied to about 0.3% of medium-salt mudflat soil. The salinity and nutrient dynamics of the soil and the growth and physiological differences of sweet sorghum at the seedling, elongation, and heading stages were observed under different treatments to screen for efficient combinations and analyze the intrinsic causes and influencing mechanisms. RESULTS The soil salinity, nutrient dynamics, and forage grass biological yield during sweet sorghum cultivation in saline soils differed significantly (p < 0.05) depending on the type of organic acid-biomass composite applied. Citric acid-pine needle composite substantially reduced the soil salinity and increased the soil nutrient content at the seedling stage and improved the root vigor and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum by increasing its stress tolerance, allowing plant morphological restructuring for a high biological yield. The improvement effect of fulvic acid-pine needle or fulvic acid-cow manure composite was manifested at the elongation and heading stages. DISCUSSION Citric acid-pine needle composite promoted the growth of saline sweet sorghum seedlings, and the effect of fulvic acid-pine needle composite lasted until the middle and late stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Yang
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengguo Sun
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinbao Liu
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaohua Long
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Limin Gao
- Ecological Research Center, Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Hilly Area, Nanjing, China
| | - Yixin Shen
- College of Agro-grassland Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Yan X, Zhang L, Xu Q, Qi L, Yang J, Dong X, Jiang M, Hu M, Zheng J, Yu Y, Miao Y, Han S, Wang D. Effects of Variation in Tamarix chinensis Plantations on Soil Microbial Community Composition in the Middle Yellow River Floodplain. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5015. [PMID: 36981923 PMCID: PMC10049481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Floodplains have important ecological and hydrological functions in terrestrial ecosystems, experience severe soil erosion, and are vulnerable to losing soil fertility. Tamarix chinensis Lour. plantation is the main vegetation restoration measure for maintaining soil quality in floodplains. Soil microorganisms are essential for driving biogeochemical cycling processes. However, the effects of sampling location and shrub patch size on soil microbial community composition remain unclear. In this study, we characterized changes in microbial structure, as well as the factors driving them, in inside- and outside-canopy soils of three patch sizes (small, medium, large) of T. chinensis plants in the middle Yellow River floodplain. Compared with the outside-canopy soils, inside-canopy had higher microbial phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), including fungi, bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria (GP), Gram-negative bacteria (GN), and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The ratio of fungi to bacteria and GP to GN gradually decreased as shrub patch size increased. Differences between inside-canopy and outside-canopy soils in soil nutrients (organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus) and soil salt content increased by 59.73%, 40.75%, 34.41%, and 110.08% from small to large shrub patch size. Changes in microbial community composition were mainly driven by variation in soil organic matter, which accounted for 61.90% of the variation in inside-canopy soils. Resource islands could alter microbial community structure, and this effect was stronger when shrub patch size was large. The results indicated that T. chinensis plantations enhanced the soil nutrient contents (organic matter, total nitrogen, and available phosphorus) and elevated soil microbial biomass and changed microbial community composition; T. chinensis plantations might thus provide a suitable approach for restoring degraded floodplain ecosystems.
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Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Li Z, Yang B, Li B, Tang X, Lai Y. Comprehensive study on saline-alkali soil amelioration with sediment of irrigation area in Northeast China. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
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Liu JN, Fang H, Liang Q, Dong Y, Wang C, Yan L, Ma X, Zhou R, Lang X, Gai S, Wang L, Xu S, Yang KQ, Wu D. Genomic analyses provide insights into the evolution and salinity adaptation of halophyte Tamarix chinensis. Gigascience 2022; 12:giad053. [PMID: 37494283 PMCID: PMC10370455 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giad053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The woody halophyte Tamarix chinensis is a pioneer tree species in the coastal wetland ecosystem of northern China, exhibiting high resistance to salt stress. However, the genetic information underlying salt tolerance in T. chinensis remains to be seen. Here we present a genomic investigation of T. chinensis to elucidate the underlying mechanism of its high resistance to salinity. RESULTS Using a combination of PacBio and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture data, a chromosome-level T. chinensis genome was assembled with a size of 1.32 Gb and scaffold N50 of 110.03 Mb. Genome evolution analyses revealed that T. chinensis significantly expanded families of HAT and LIMYB genes. Whole-genome and tandem duplications contributed to the expansion of genes associated with the salinity adaptation of T. chinensis. Transcriptome analyses were performed on root and shoot tissues during salt stress and recovery, and several hub genes responding to salt stress were identified. WRKY33/40, MPK3/4, and XBAT31 were critical in responding to salt stress during early exposure, while WRKY40, ZAT10, AHK4, IRX9, and CESA4/8 were involved in responding to salt stress during late stress and recovery. In addition, PER7/27/57/73 encoding class III peroxidase and MCM3/4/5/7 encoding DNA replication licensing factor maintained up/downregulation during salt stress and recovery stages. CONCLUSIONS The results presented here reveal the genetic mechanisms underlying salt adaptation in T. chinensis, thus providing important genomic resources for evolutionary studies on tamarisk and plant salt tolerance genetic improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ning Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Shandong Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Qiang Liang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Shandong Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Shandong Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Liping Yan
- Shandong Provincial Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xinmei Ma
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Xinya Lang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shasha Gai
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Lichang Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Shengyi Xu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Ke Qiang Yang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in the Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
- Shandong Taishan Forest Ecosystem Research Station, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Dejun Wu
- Shandong Provincial Academy of Forestry, Jinan 250014, China
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Effects of different growth patterns of Tamarix chinensis on saline-alkali soil: implications for coastal restoration and management. Biotechnol Lett 2022; 44:1519-1526. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-022-03317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Sun D, Li Y, Yu J, Li B, Guan B, Zhou D, Wang X, Yang J, Ma Y, Zhang X, Li X, Ling Y, Zou Y, Jia S, Shen F. Spatial distribution of soil quality under different vegetation types in the Yellow River Delta wetland. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.977899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The soils from four typical natural wetlands, namely, Phragmites australis, Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa, and tidal flat, as well as reclaimed wetland, were selected to evaluate the soil quality in the Yellow River Delta. Fourteen soil physicochemical property indexes were employed to build a minimum data set (MDS). Combined with vegetation type and soil depth, the soil quality index (SQI) was conducted. A fuzzy logic model was applied for data normalization. The contrast test was conducted to verify the accuracy of the MDS. The results showed that the MDS consists of TOC, NO3--N, soil salinity, TS, TP, Mg, C/N and pH. The soil quality decreased from the inland to the coastline and from reclaimed wetland to tidal flat with the change of vegetation type. The soil quality of 0–10 cm soil depth was better than that of 20–30 cm soil depth. The soil qualities of reclaimed land were significantly better than those of natural wetlands at the same soil depth. Correlation analysis results showed that agricultural reclamation has become an important factor of soil quality change in the study area. Comparative results of two methods of MDS and the total data set (TDS) testified that the method of MDS was credible and accurate for soil quality assessment of the study area. Our results indicated that wetland protection and agricultural reclamation in coastal areas should keep a rational balance.
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Assessing Coastal Reclamation Success in the East China Coast by Using Plant Species Composition. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14095118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of the species composition and succession law of a plant community in a coastal reclamation area is of great significance for revealing the community construction and species coexistence mechanisms, and provides a basis for the rational use and conservation in coastal reclamation areas. Through the investigation of natural plant communities in Dongtai reclamation area and the adjacent national nature reserves in Jiangsu Province, eastern China, the composition and succession of plant communities were studied. A quantitative method was explored to analyze the process of plant succession and its representative species. The results showed that (1) A total of 65 species were found in the vegetation survey. These belonged to 26 families and 61 genera, and Poaceae is the most common plant species. The plant communities in the unreclaimed areas were mainly composed of Poaceae and Cyperaceae. The plant species increased after reclamation, which were mainly composed of Poaceae and Asteraceae; (2) The plant coverage greatly reduced after three years of reclamation, from 80% of the tidal flat to 37.34%, then gradually increased, and remained generally between 50% and 70%; (3) The above-ground biomass of the plant community was sharply reduced after reclamation, from 1.823 kg/m2 in the tidal flat to 0.321 kg/m2 in three years of reclamation, and then maintained at 0.11~0.27 kg/m2; (4)The species succession process of the plant community in the coastal wetland ecosystem that was affected by the reclamation activities transformed from a halophyte community that was dominated by a salt marsh plant community (Suaeda salsa, Spartina alterniflora, Scirpus mariqueter, and Phragmites australis) to a mesophyte plant community that was constructed with pioneer species such as Setaria viridis, Eleusine indica, etc., and eventually succeeded to a xerophyte plant community that was dominated by Humulus scandens and Cyperus difformis, etc. Reclamation activities have a profound impact on the characteristics and succession rules of natural vegetation communities along coastal wetland ecosystems. The period of seven years is presumed to be the tipping point in the succession of the plant community in coastal reclamation areas. The results of this study can provide a basis and reference for ecological protection and restoration in coastal reclamation areas.
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Recent Progress on the Salt Tolerance Mechanisms and Application of Tamarisk. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063325. [PMID: 35328745 PMCID: PMC8950588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinized soil is a major environmental stress affecting plant growth and development. Excessive salt in the soil inhibits the growth of most plants and even threatens their survival. Halophytes are plants that can grow and develop normally on saline-alkali soil due to salt tolerance mechanisms that emerged during evolution. For this reason, halophytes are used as pioneer plants for improving and utilizing saline land. Tamarisk, a family of woody halophytes, is highly salt tolerant and has high economic value. Understanding the mechanisms of salt tolerance in tamarisk and identifying the key genes involved are important for improving saline land and increasing the salt tolerance of crops. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the salt tolerance mechanisms of tamarisk and the economic and medicinal value of this halophyte.
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