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Hassani A, Smith P, Shokri N. Negative correlation between soil salinity and soil organic carbon variability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2317332121. [PMID: 38669180 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2317332121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is vital for terrestrial ecosystems, affecting biogeochemical processes, and soil health. It is known that soil salinity impacts SOC content, yet the specific direction and magnitude of SOC variability in relation to soil salinity remain poorly understood. Analyzing 43,459 mineral soil samples (SOC < 150 g kg-1) collected across different land covers since 1992, we approximate a soil salinity increase from 1 to 5 dS m-1 in croplands would be associated with a decline in mineral soils SOC from 0.14 g kg-1 above the mean predicted SOC ([Formula: see text] = 18.47 g kg-1) to 0.46 g kg-1 below [Formula: see text] (~-430%), while for noncroplands, such decline is sharper, from 0.96 above [Formula: see text] = 35.96 g kg-1 to 4.99 below [Formula: see text] (~-620%). Although salinity's significance in explaining SOC variability is minor (<6%), we estimate a one SD increase in salinity of topsoil samples (0 to 7 cm) correlates with respective [Formula: see text] declines of ~4.4% and ~9.26%, relative to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. The [Formula: see text] decline in croplands is greatest in vegetation/cropland mosaics while lands covered with evergreen needle-leaved trees are estimated with the highest [Formula: see text] decline in noncroplands. We identify soil nitrogen, land cover, and precipitation Seasonality Index as the most significant parameters in explaining the SOC's variability. The findings provide insights into SOC dynamics under increased soil salinity, improving understanding of SOC stock responses to land degradation and climate warming.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pete Smith
- Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, United Kingdom
| | - Nima Shokri
- Institute of Geo-Hydroinformatics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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Du L, Ding L, Huang X, Tang D, Chen B, Tian H, Kang Z, Mao H. Natural variation in a K + -preferring HKT transporter contributes to wheat shoot K + accumulation and salt tolerance. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:540-556. [PMID: 37876337 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity can adversely affect crop growth and yield, and an improved understanding of the genetic factors that confer salt tolerance could inform breeding strategies to engineer salt-tolerant crops and improve productivity. Here, a group of K+ -preferring HKT transporters, TaHKT8, TaHKT9 and TaHKT10, were identified and negatively regulate the wheat shoot K+ accumulation and salt tolerance. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) and candidate gene association analysis further revealed that TaHKT9-B substantially underlies the natural variation of wheat shoot K+ accumulation under saline soil conditions. Specifically, an auxin responsive element (ARE) within an 8-bp insertion in the promoter of TaHKT9-B is strongly associated with shoot K+ content among wheat accessions. This ARE can be directly bound by TaARF4 for transcriptional activation of TaHKT9-B, which subsequently attenuates shoot K+ accumulation and salt tolerance. Moreover, the tae-miR390/TaTAS3/TaARF4 pathway was identified to regulate the salt-induced root development and salt tolerance in wheat. Taken together, our study describes the genetic basis and accompanying mechanism driving phenotypic variation in wheat shoot K+ accumulation and salt tolerance. The identified tae-miR390/TaTAS3/TaARF4/TaHKT9-B module is an important regulator in wheat subjected to salt stress, which provides the potentially important genetic resources for breeders to improve wheat salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linying Du
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongling Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Tian
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Agri-Environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Yangling Seed Industry Innovation Center, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hude Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Fang J, Peng Y, Zheng L, He C, Peng S, Huang Y, Wang L, Liu H, Feng G. Chitosan-Se Engineered Nanomaterial Mitigates Salt Stress in Plants by Scavenging Reactive Oxygen Species. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:176-188. [PMID: 38127834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity seriously hinders the sustainable development of green agriculture. The emergence of engineered nanomaterials has revolutionized agricultural research, providing a new means to overcome the limitations associated with current abiotic stress management and achieve highly productive agriculture. Herein, we synthesized a brand-new engineered nanomaterial (Cs-Se NMs) through the Schiff base reaction of oxidized chitosan with selenocystamine hydrochloride to alleviate salt stress in plants. After the addition of 300 mg/L Cs-Se NMs, the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase in rice shoots increased to 3.19, 1.79, and 1.85 times those observed in the NaCl group, respectively. Meanwhile, the MDA levels decreased by 63.9%. Notably, Cs-Se NMs also raised the transcription of genes correlated with the oxidative stress response and MAPK signaling in the transcriptomic analysis. In addition, Cs-Se NMs augmented the abundance and variety of rhizobacteria and remodeled the microbial community structure. These results provide insights into applying engineered nanomaterials in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuxin Peng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lijuan Zheng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chang He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shan Peng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuewen Huang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lixiang Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Huipeng Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Guangfu Feng
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Liu J, Hochberg U, Ding R, Xiong D, Dai Z, Zhao Q, Chen J, Ji S, Kang S. Elevated CO2 concentration increases maize growth under water deficit or soil salinity but with a higher risk of hydraulic failure. J Exp Bot 2024; 75:422-437. [PMID: 37715996 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change presents a challenge for plants to acclimate their water relations under changing environmental conditions, and may increase the risks of hydraulic failure under stress. In this study, maize plants were acclimated to two different CO2 concentrations ([CO2]; 400 ppm and 700 ppm) while under either water stress (WS) or soil salinity (SS) treatments, and their growth and hydraulic traits were examined in detail. Both WS and SS inhibited growth and had significant impacts on hydraulic traits. In particular, the water potential at 50% loss of stem hydraulic conductance (P50) decreased by 1 MPa in both treatments at 400 ppm. When subjected to elevated [CO2], the plants under both WS and SS showed improved growth by 7-23%. Elevated [CO2] also significantly increased xylem vulnerability (measured as loss of conductivity with decreasing xylem pressure), resulting in smaller hydraulic safety margins. According to the plant desiccation model, the critical desiccation degree (time×vapor pressure deficit) that the plants could tolerate under drought was reduced by 43-64% under elevated [CO2]. In addition, sensitivity analysis showed that P50 was the most important trait in determining the critical desiccation degree. Thus, our results demonstrated that whilst elevated [CO2] benefited plant growth under WS or SS, it also interfered with hydraulic acclimation, thereby potentially placing the plants at a higher risk of hydraulic failure and increased mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junzhou Liu
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733009, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Uri Hochberg
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, 7505101, Israel
| | - Risheng Ding
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733009, China
| | - Dongliang Xiong
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhanwu Dai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology and Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733009, China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733009, China
| | - Shasha Ji
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733009, China
| | - Shaozhong Kang
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
- National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province, Wuwei 733009, China
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Haq YU, Shahbaz M, Asif S, Ouahada K, Hamam H. Identification of Soil Types and Salinity Using MODIS Terra Data and Machine Learning Techniques in Multiple Regions of Pakistan. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8121. [PMID: 37836951 PMCID: PMC10575389 DOI: 10.3390/s23198121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Soil, a significant natural resource, plays a crucial role in supporting various ecosystems and serves as the foundation of Pakistan's economy due to its primary use in agriculture. Hence, timely monitoring of soil type and salinity is essential. However, traditional methods for identifying soil types and detecting salinity are time-consuming, requiring expert intervention and extensive laboratory experiments. The objective of this study is to propose a model that leverages MODIS Terra data to identify soil types and detect soil salinity. To achieve this, 195 soil samples were collected from Lahore, Kot Addu, and Kohat, dating from October 2022 to November 2022. Simultaneously, spectral data of the same regions were obtained to spatially map soil types and salinity of bare land. The spectral reflectance of band values, salinity indices, and vegetation indices were utilized to classify the soil types and predict soil salinity. To perform the classification and regression tasks, the study employed three popular techniques in the research community: Random Forest (RF), Ada Boost (AB), and Gradient Boosting (GB), along with Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Extra Tree (ET). A 70-30 test train validation split was used for the implementation of these techniques. The efficacy of the multi-class classification models for soil types was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. On the other hand, the regression models' performances were evaluated and compared using R-squared (R2), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The results demonstrated that Random Forest outperformed other methods for both predicting soil types (accuracy = 65.38, precision = 0.60, recall = 0.57, and f1-score = 0.57) and predicting salinity (R2 = 0.90, MAE = 0.56, MSE = 0.98, RMSE = 0.97). Finally, the study designed a web portal to enable real-time prediction of soil types and salinity using these models. This web portal can be utilized by farmers and decision-makers to make informed decisions regarding soil, crop cultivation, and agricultural planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasin Ul Haq
- Department of Computer Science, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Department of Computer Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan;
| | - Shahzad Asif
- Department of Computer Science, New Campus, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan;
| | - Khmaies Ouahada
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Science, School of Electrical Engineering, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa;
| | - Habib Hamam
- College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Saudi Arabia;
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Guo H, Nie CY, Li Z, Kang J, Wang XL, Cui YN. Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses Provide Insight into Maintaining Ion Homeostasis of Sweet Sorghum under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11045. [PMID: 37446223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet sorghum is an important bioenergy grass and valuable forage with a strong adaptability to saline environments. However, little is known about the mechanisms of sweet sorghum coping with ion toxicity under salt stresses. Here, we first evaluated the salt tolerance of a sweet sorghum cultivar "Lvjuren" and determined its ion accumulation traits under NaCl treatments; then, we explored key genes involved in Na+, Cl-, K+ and NO3- transport using transcriptome profiling and the qRT-PCR method. The results showed that growth and photosynthesis of sweet sorghum were unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl treatments, indicative of a strong salt tolerance of this species. Under NaCl treatments, sweet sorghum could efficiently exclude Na+ from shoots and accumulate Cl- in leaf sheaths to avoid their overaccumulation in leaf blades; meanwhile, it possessed a prominent ability to sustain NO3- homeostasis in leaf blades. Transcriptome profiling identified several differentially expressed genes associated with Na+, Cl-, K+ and NO3- transport in roots, leaf sheaths and leaf blades after 200 mM NaCl treatment for 6 and 48 h. Moreover, transcriptome data and qRT-PCR results indicated that HKT1;5, CLCc and NPF7.3-1 should be key genes involved in Na+ retention in roots, Cl- accumulation in leaf sheaths and maintenance of NO3- homeostasis in leaf blades, respectively. Many TFs were also identified after NaCl treatment, which should play important regulatory roles in salt tolerance of sweet sorghum. In addition, GO analysis identified candidate genes involved in maintaining membrane stability and photosynthetic capacity under salt stresses. This work lays a preliminary foundation for clarifying the molecular basis underlying the adaptation of sweet sorghum to adverse environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Chun-Ya Nie
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Jie Kang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Xiao-Long Wang
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Yan-Nong Cui
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Sun M, Liu X, Zhang B, Yu W, Xiao Y, Peng F. Lipid Metabolomic and Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal That Phosphatidylcholine Enhanced the Resistance of Peach Seedlings to Salt Stress through Phosphatidic Acid. J Agric Food Chem 2023. [PMID: 37262364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is a major conlinet limiting sustainable agricultural development in peach tree industry. In this study, lipid metabolomic pathway analysis indicated that phosphatidic acid is essential for root resistance to salt stress in peach seedlings. Through functional annotation analysis of differentially expressed genes in transcriptomics, we found that MAPK signaling pathway is closely related to peach tree resistance to salt stress, wherein PpMPK6 expression is significantly upregulated. Under salt conditions, the OE-PpMPK6 Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. line showed higher resistance to salt stress than WT and KO-AtMPK6 lines. Furthermore, we found that the Na+ content in OE-PpMPK6 roots was significantly lower than that in WT and KO-AtMPK6 roots, indicating that phosphatidic acid combined with PpMPK6 activated the SOS1 (salt-overly-sensitive 1) protein to enhance Na+ efflux, thus alleviating the damage caused by NaCl in roots; these findings provide insight into the salt stress-associated transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maoxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in Universities of Shandong, College of Seed and Facility Agricultural Engineering, Weifang University, Weifang 261061, Shandong, China
| | - Yuansong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Futian Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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Yu Q, Suo L, Qi J, Wang Y, Hu Q, Shan Y, Zhao Y. Soil habitat condition shapes Tamarix chinensis community diversity in the coastal saline-alkali soils. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1156297. [PMID: 37180386 PMCID: PMC10169711 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1156297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Unfavorable coastal saline-alkali soil habitats degrade plant community diversity and reduce terrestrial ecological functions. Previous studies have been conducted on the mechanisms by which certain saline-alkali soil properties determine plant community diversity, however, how those properties synergistically affect plant community diversity remains unclear. Methods Here, 36 plots of typical Tamarix chinensis communities were investigated for a range of parameters at three different distances (10, 20, and 40 km) from the coastline in the Yellow River Delta between 2020 and 2022, and corresponding soil samples were taken and analyzed. Results and discussion Our results suggest that although T. chinensis density, ground diameter, and canopy coverage significantly increased (P<0.05) with increasing distance from the coast, the communities with the most plant species were found at 10 to 20 km distance from the coastline, indicating the effects of soil habitat on T. chinensis community diversity. Simpson dominance (species dominance), Margalef (species richness), and Pielou indices (species evenness) differed significantly among the three distances (P<0.05) and were significantly correlated with soil sand content, mean soil moisture, and electrical conductivity (P<0.05), indicating that soil texture, water, and salinity were the main factors governing T. chinensis community diversity. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to construct an integrated soil habitat index (SHI) representing the synthesis of the soil texture-water-salinity condition. The estimated SHI quantified a 64.2% variation in the synthetic soil texture-water-salinity condition and was significantly higher at the 10 km distance than at the 40 and 20 km distances. The SHI linearly predicted T. chinensis community diversity (R2 = 0.12-0.17, P<0.05), suggesting that greater SHI (coarser soil texture, wetter soil moisture regime, and higher soil salinity) was found closer to the coast and coincided with higher species dominance and evenness and lower species richness in the T. chinensis community. These findings on the relationship between T. chinensis communities and soil habitat conditions will be valuable in planning the restoration and protection of the ecological functions of T. chinensis shrubs in the Yellow River Delta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianjun Yu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Lizhu Suo
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Ji Qi
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Qiuli Hu
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Shan
- Sericulture Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yantai, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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Wang H, Dai Z, Krauss KW, Trettin CC, Noe GB, Burton AJ, Ward EJ. Modeling impacts of saltwater intrusion on methane and nitrous oxide emissions in tidal forested wetlands. Ecol Appl 2023:e2858. [PMID: 37084186 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Emissions of methane (CH4 ) and nitrous oxide (N2 O) from soils to the atmosphere can offset the benefits of carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation. While past study has suggested that both CH4 and N2 O emissions from tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) are generally low, the impacts of coastal droughts and drought-induced saltwater intrusion on CH4 and N2 O emissions remain unclear. In this study, a process-driven biogeochemistry model, Tidal Freshwater Wetland DeNitrification-DeComposition (TFW-DNDC) was applied to examine the responses of CH4 and N2 O emissions to episodic drought-induced saltwater intrusion in TFFW along the Waccamaw River and Savannah River, USA. These sites encompass landscape gradients of both surface and porewater salinity as influenced by Atlantic Ocean tides superimposed on periodic droughts. Surprisingly, CH4 and N2 O emission responsiveness to coastal droughts and drought-induced saltwater intrusion varied greatly between river systems and among local geomorphologic settings. This reflected the complexity of wetland CH4 and N2 O emissions and suggests that simple linkages to salinity may not always be relevant, as non-linear relationships dominated our simulations. Along the Savannah River, N2 O emissions in the moderate-oligohaline tidal forest site tended to increase dramatically under the drought condition, while CH4 emission decreased. For the Waccamaw River, emissions of both CH4 and N2 O in the moderate-oligohaline tidal forest site tended to decrease under the drought condition, but the capacity of the moderate-oligohaline tidal forest to serve as a carbon sink was substantially reduced due to significant declines in net primary productivity and soil organic carbon sequestration rates as salinity killed the dominant freshwater vegetation. These changes in fluxes of CH4 and N2 O reflect crucial synergistic effects of soil salinity and water level on C and N dynamics in TFFW due to drought-induced seawater intrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Wang
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Zhaohua Dai
- USDA Forest Service, Center for Forested Wetlands Research, Cordesville, South Carolina, USA
- Michigan Technological University, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Ken W Krauss
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Carl C Trettin
- USDA Forest Service, Center for Forested Wetlands Research, Cordesville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Gregory B Noe
- U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrew J Burton
- Michigan Technological University, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Eric J Ward
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
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Zhang K, Xia J, Su L, Gao F, Cui Q, Xing X, Dong M, Li C. Effects of microtopographic patterns on plant growth and soil improvement in coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1162013. [PMID: 37063200 PMCID: PMC10102350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1162013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To clarify the effects of microtopography on plant growth and soil water, salt and nutrient characteristics of saline soils in mudflats within muddy coastal zones and explore suitable microtopographic modifications. METHODS Six microtopographic modification patterns, namely, S-shaped, stripe-shaped, pin-shaped, stepshaped, dense stripe-shaped and crescent-shaped patterns, were established in the coastal mudflats of the Yellow River Delta. The soil water, salt, ion, total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus contents and their ecological stoichiometric characteristics were measured and analyzed after theimplementation of different microtopographic modification patterns, with bare mudflats as the control. RESULTS The results showed that microtopographic modification significantly changed the soil water and salt contents and the soil total carbon, total nitrogen and total phosphorus contents. Compared with the bare ground, microtopographic transformation significantly promoted the growth of the pioneer plant Suaeda salsa, significantly increased the soil water and nutrient contents, and significantly decreased the soil salinity. The soil salinity was mainly reduced by Na+ and Cl- ions. The soil salinity and nutrient contents gradually decreased with increasing soil depth, indicating the occurrence of surface aggregation. Compared to that of the bare ground, the soil C/N was significantly lower and the N/P was significantly higher in the microtopographic treatments, and the overall performance suggested soil N limitation. The ions contained in the saline soil were dominated by Na+ and Cl-, followed by Mg2+ and SO4 2-, with lower contents of K+, Ca2+ and HCO3 -. Among the six microtopography modification patterns, the crescent-shaped pattern best promoted vegetation restoration. This pattern was the most effective in reducing soil salinity, with a 98.53% reduction in soil salinity compared with that of bare ground, followed by the pin-shaped pattern. Compared with that in the bare ground samples, the nutrient content in the samples from the step-shaped modification increased by 23.27%; finally, the S-shaped, step-shaped and dense stripe-shaped patterns performed poorly in terms of plant restoration and soil improvement. DISCUSSION It is suggested that a crescent-shaped pattern should be considered first when carrying out microtopographic transformation on the beaches of the Yellow River Delta, followed by stripe-shaped and pin-shaped patterns. The dense strip-shaped should not be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Zhang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangbao Xia
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Li Su
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Fanglei Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Qian Cui
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for the Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | | | | | - Chuanrong Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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11
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Lungoci C, Motrescu I, Filipov F, Rimbu CM, Jitareanu CD, Ghitau CS, Puiu I, Robu T. Salinity Stress Influences the Main Biochemical Parameters of Nepeta racemosa Lam. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:583. [PMID: 36771667 PMCID: PMC9919807 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of salt stress on Nepeta racemosa Lam. were studied to analyze the possibility of using it as a potential culture for salinity-affected soils. A total of nine concentrations of salts-NaCl (18, 39, and 60 mg/100 g soil), Na2SO4 (50, 85, and 120 mg/100 g soil), and a mixture (9 g NaCl + 25 g Na2SO4, 19 g NaCl + 43 g Na2SO4, and 30 g NaCl + 60 g Na2SO4/100 g soil)-simulated real salinity conditions. Environmental electron microscopy offered information about the size and distribution of glandular trichomes, which are very important structures that contain bioactive compounds. The chlorophyll pigments, polyphenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity were determined based on spectrophotometric protocols. The results have shown a different impact of salinity depending on the salt type, with an increase in bioactive compound concentrations in some cases. The highest polyphenol concentrations were obtained for Na2SO4 variants (47.05 and 46.48 mg GA/g dw for the highest salt concentration in the first and second year, respectively), while the highest flavonoid content was found for the salt mixtures (42.77 and 39.89 mg QE/g dw for the highest concentrations of salt in the first and, respectively, the second year), approximately 100% higher than control. From the Pearson analysis, strong correlations were found between chlorophyll pigments (up to 0.93), antioxidant activity and yield for the first harvest (up to 0.38), and antioxidant activity and flavonoid content for the second harvest (up to 0.95). The results indicate the possibility of growing the studied plants in salt-stress soils, obtaining higher concentrations of bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constantin Lungoci
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iuliana Motrescu
- Department of Exact Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
- Research Institute for Agriculture and Environment, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 14 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Feodor Filipov
- Department of Pedotechnics, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Cristina Mihaela Rimbu
- Department of Public Health, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 8 Sadoveanu Alley, 707027 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmenica Doina Jitareanu
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Carmen Simona Ghitau
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ioan Puiu
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
| | - Teodor Robu
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 Sadoveanu Alley, 700490 Iasi, Romania
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12
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Alharbi K, Osman HS, Rashwan E, Hafez EM, Omara AED. Stimulating the Growth, Anabolism, Antioxidants, and Yield of Rice Plants Grown under Salt Stress by Combined Application of Bacterial Inoculants and Nano-Silicon. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11243431. [PMID: 36559542 PMCID: PMC9787420 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The growth and development of rice face many issues, including its exposure to high soil salinity. This issue can be alleviated using new approaches to overwhelm the factors that restrict rice productivity. The objective of our investigation was the usage of the rhizobacteria (Pseudomonas koreensis and Bacillus coagulans) as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) and nano-silicon, which could be a positive technology to cope with the problems raised by soil salinity in addition to improvement the morpho-physiological properties, and productivity of two rice varieties (i.e., Giza 177 as salt-sensitive and Giza 179 as salt-tolerant). The findings stated that the application of combined PGPRs and nano-Si resulted in the highest soil enzymes activity (dehydrogenase and urease), root length, leaf area index, photosynthesis pigments, K+ ions, relative water content (RWC), and stomatal conductance (gs) while resulted in the reduction of Na+, electrolyte leakage (EL), and proline content. All these improvements are due to increased antioxidant enzymes activity such as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD), which decreased hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) under soil salinity in rice plants compared to the other treatments. Combined application of PGPRs and nano-Si to Giza 177 significantly surpassed Giza 179, which was neither treated with PGPR nor nano-Si in the main yield components (number of grains/panicles, 1000 grain weight, and grain yield as well as nutrient uptake. In conclusion, both PGPRs and nano-Si had stimulating effects that mitigated the salinity-deleterious effects and encouraged plant growth, and, therefore, enhanced the grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany S. Osman
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Hadayek Shubra, Cairo 11241, Egypt
| | - Emadeldeen Rashwan
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Emad M. Hafez
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Dein Omara
- Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt
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13
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Wang H, Dai Z, Trettin CC, Krauss KW, Noe GB, Burton AJ, Stagg CL, Ward EJ. Modeling impacts of drought-induced salinity intrusion on carbon dynamics in tidal freshwater forested wetlands. Ecol Appl 2022; 32:e2700. [PMID: 35751513 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tidal freshwater forested wetlands (TFFW) provide critical ecosystem services including an essential habitat for a variety of wildlife species and significant carbon sinks for atmospheric carbon dioxide. However, large uncertainties remain concerning the impacts of climate change on the magnitude and variability of carbon fluxes and storage across a range of TFFW. In this study, we developed a process-driven Tidal Freshwater Wetlands DeNitrification-DeComposition model (TFW-DNDC) that has integrated new features, such as soil salinity effects on plant productivity and soil organic matter decomposition to explore carbon dynamics in the TFFW in response to drought-induced saltwater intrusion. Eight sites along the floodplains of the Waccamaw River (USA) and the Savannah River (USA) were selected to represent the TFFW transition from healthy to moderately and highly salt-impacted forests, and eventually to oligohaline marshes. The TFW-DNDC was calibrated and validated using field observed annual litterfall, stem growth, root growth, soil heterotrophic respiration, and soil organic carbon storage. Analyses indicate that plant productivity and soil carbon sequestration in TFFW could change substantially in response to increased soil pore water salinity and reduced soil water table due to drought, but in interactive ways dependent on the river simulated. These responses are variable due to nonlinear relationships between carbon cycling processes and environmental drivers. Plant productivity, plant respiration, soil organic carbon sequestration rate, and storage in the highly salt-impacted forest sites decreased significantly under drought conditions compared with normal conditions. Considering the high likelihood of healthy and moderately salt-impacted forests becoming highly salt-impacted forests under future climate change and sea-level rise, it is very likely that the TFFW will lose their capacity as carbon sinks without up-slope migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqing Wang
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
| | - Zhaohua Dai
- Center for Forested Wetlands Research, USDA Forest Service, Cordesville, South Carolina, USA
- Michigan Technological University, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Carl C Trettin
- Center for Forested Wetlands Research, USDA Forest Service, Cordesville, South Carolina, USA
| | - Ken W Krauss
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Gregory B Noe
- U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, Virginia, USA
| | - Andrew J Burton
- Michigan Technological University, College of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Houghton, Michigan, USA
| | - Camille L Stagg
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
| | - Eric J Ward
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, Louisiana, USA
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14
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Alharbi K, Hafez E, Omara AED, Awadalla A, Nehela Y. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria and Silica Nanoparticles Stimulate Sugar Beet Resilience to Irrigation with Saline Water in Salt-Affected Soils. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:plants11223117. [PMID: 36432846 PMCID: PMC9694940 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Combined stressors (high soil salinity and saline water irrigation) severely reduce plant growth and sugar beet yield. Seed inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and/or foliar spraying with silica nanoparticles (Si-NP) is deemed one of the most promising new strategies that have the potential to inhibit abiotic stress. Herein, sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) plants were treated with two PGPR (Pseudomonas koreensis MG209738 and Bacillus coagulans NCAIM B.01123) and/or Si-NP, during two successive seasons 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 to examine the vital role of PGPR, Si-NP, and their combination in improving growth characteristics, and production in sugar beet plants exposed to two watering treatments (fresh water and saline water) in salt-affected soil. The results revealed that combined stressors (high soil salinity and saline water irrigation) increased ion imbalance (K+/Na+ ratio; from 1.54 ± 0.11 to 1.00 ± 0.15) and declined the relative water content (RWC; from 86.76 ± 4.70 to 74.30 ± 3.20%), relative membrane stability index (RMSI), stomatal conductance (gs), and chlorophyll content, which negatively affected on the crop productivity. Nevertheless, the application of combined PGPR and Si-NP decreased oxidative stress indicators (hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation) and sodium ions while increasing activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; up to 1.9-folds), catalase (CAT; up to 1.4-folds), and peroxidase (POX; up to 2.5-folds) enzymes, and potassium ions resulting in physiological processes, root yield, and sugar yield compared to non-treated controls under combined stressors (high soil salinity and saline water irrigation). It is worth mentioning that the singular application of PGPR improved root length, diameter, and yield greater than Si-NP alone and it was comparable to the combined treatment (PGPR+Si-NP). It was concluded that the combined application of PGPR and Si-NP has valuable impacts on the growth and yield of sugar beet growing under combined stressors of high soil salinity and saline water irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 84428, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Hafez
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Dien Omara
- Agricultural Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Giza 12112, Egypt
| | - Abdelmoniem Awadalla
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt
| | - Yasser Nehela
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
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15
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Alharbi K, Rashwan E, Hafez E, Omara AED, Mohamed HH, Alshaal T. Potassium Humate and Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes Jointly Mitigate Water Deficit Stress in Soybean Cultivated in Salt-Affected Soil. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:3016. [PMID: 36432745 PMCID: PMC9698740 DOI: 10.3390/plants11223016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lack of high-quality irrigation water and soil salinity are two main environmental factors that affect plant development. When both stressors are combined, the soil becomes sterile and constrains plant productivity. Consequently, two field trials were designed to assess whether plant growth-promoting microbes (PGPMs; Bradyrhizobium japonicum (USDA 110) and Trichoderma harzianum) and potassium humate (K-humate) can stimulate soybean growth, productivity, and seed quality under two different watering regimes as follows: (i) well-watered (WW), where plants were irrigated at 12-day intervals (recommended), and (ii) water stress (WS), where plants were irrigated at the 18-day intervals in salt-affected soil during 2020 and 2021 seasons. Results revealed that coupled application of PGPMs and K-humate resulted in a substantial improvement in K+ levels in the leaves compared to Na+ levels, which has a direct positive impact on an enhancement in the antioxidants defense system (CAT, POX, SOD), which caused the decline of the oxidative stress indicators (H2O2, MDA, and EL%) as well as proline content under water stress in salt-affected soil. Hence, a significant increase in root length, nodule weight, soybean relative water content (RWC), stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments, net photosynthetic rate, soluble protein, seed carbohydrate content as well as the number of pods plant-1 and seed yield was reported. In conclusion, the combined application of PGPMs and K-humate might be recommended to maximize the soybean growth and productivity under harsh growth conditions (e.g., water stress and soil salinity).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadiga Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emadeldeen Rashwan
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Emad Hafez
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
| | - Alaa El-Dein Omara
- Agricultural Research Center, Microbiology, Soils, Water Environment Research Institute, Giza 12112, Egypt
| | - Hossam Hussein Mohamed
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, Cairo 13625, Egypt
| | - Tarek Alshaal
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt
- Department of Applied Plant Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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16
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Giorgio A, Del Buono N, Berardi M, Vurro M, Vivaldi GA. Soil Moisture Sensor Information Enhanced by Statistical Methods in a Reclaimed Water Irrigation Framework. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:8062. [PMID: 36298410 PMCID: PMC9610225 DOI: 10.3390/s22208062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Time series modeling and forecasting play important roles in many practical fields. A good understanding of soil water content and salinity variability and the proper prediction of variations in these variables in response to changes in climate conditions are essential to properly plan water resources and appropriately manage irrigation and fertilization tasks. This paper provides a 48-h forecast of soil water content and salinity in the peculiar context of irrigation with reclaimed water in semi-arid environments. The forecasting was performed based on (i) soil water content and salinity data from 50 cm beneath the soil surface with a time resolution of 15 min, (ii) hourly atmospheric data and (iii) daily irrigation amounts. Exploratory data analysis and data pre-processing phases were performed and then statistical models were constructed for time series forecasting based on the set of available data. The obtained prediction models showed good forecasting accuracy and good interpretability of the results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicoletta Del Buono
- Dipartimento di Matematica, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Berardi
- Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Michele Vurro
- Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via F. De Blasio 5, 70132 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Alessandro Vivaldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agro Ambientali e Territoriali, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Via G. Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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17
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Muhetaer N, Nurmemet I, Abulaiti A, Xiao S, Zhao J. An Efficient Approach for Inverting the Soil Salinity in Keriya Oasis, Northwestern China, Based on the Optical-Radar Feature-Space Model. Sensors (Basel) 2022; 22:7226. [PMID: 36236324 PMCID: PMC9570864 DOI: 10.3390/s22197226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity has been a major factor affecting agricultural production in the Keriya Oasis. It has a destructive effect on soil fertility and could destroy the soil structure of local land. Therefore, the timely monitoring of salt-affected areas is crucial to prevent land degradation and sustainable soil management. In this study, a typical salinized area in the Keriya Oasis was selected as a study area. Using Landsat 8 OLI optical data and ALOS PALSAR-2 SAR data, the optical remote sensing indexes NDVI, SAVI, NDSI, SI, were combined with the optimal radar polarized target decomposition feature component (VanZyl_vol_g) on the basis of feature space theory in order to construct an optical-radar two-dimensional feature space. The optical-radar salinity detection index (ORSDI) model was constructed to inverse the distribution of soil salinity in Keriya Oasis. The prediction ability of the ORSDI model was validated by a test on 40 measured salinity values. The test results show that the ORSDI model is highly correlated with soil surface salinity. The index ORSDI3 (R2 = 0.656) shows the highest correlation, and it is followed by indexes ORSDI1 (R2 = 0.642), ORSDI4 (R2 = 0.628), and ORSDI2 (R2 = 0.631). The results demonstrated the potential of the ORSDI model in the inversion of soil salinization in arid and semi-arid areas.
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18
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King WL, Kaminsky LM, Gannett M, Thompson GL, Kao‐Kniffin J, Bell TH. Soil salinization accelerates microbiome stabilization in iterative selections for plant performance. New Phytol 2022; 234:2101-2110. [PMID: 34614202 PMCID: PMC9297847 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Climate change-related soil salinization increases plant stress and decreases productivity. Soil microorganisms are thought to reduce salt stress through multiple mechanisms, so diverse assemblages could improve plant growth under such conditions. Previous studies have shown that microbiome selection can promote desired plant phenotypes, but with high variability. We hypothesized that microbiome selection would be more consistent in saline soils by increasing potential benefits to the plants. In both salt-amended and untreated soils, we transferred forward Brassica rapa root microbiomes (from high-biomass or randomly selected pots) across six planting generations while assessing bacterial (16S rRNA) and fungal (ITS) composition in detail. Uniquely, we included an add-back control (re-adding initial frozen soil microbiome) as a within-generation reference for microbiome and plant phenotype selection. We observed inconsistent effects of microbiome selection on plant biomass across generations, but microbial composition consistently diverged from the add-back control. Although salt amendment strongly impacted microbial composition, it did not increase the predictability of microbiome effects on plant phenotype, but it did increase the rate at which microbiome selection plateaued. These data highlight a disconnect in the trajectories of microbiomes and plant phenotypes during microbiome selection, emphasizing the role of standard controls to explain microbiome selection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William L. King
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
| | - Laura M. Kaminsky
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Maria Gannett
- School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Grant L. Thompson
- School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
- Department of HorticultureIowa State UniversityAmesIA50011USA
| | - Jenny Kao‐Kniffin
- School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Terrence H. Bell
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental MicrobiologyThe Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA
- School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
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19
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Hou Y, Zeng W, Ao C, Luo Y, Wang Z, Hou M, Huang J. Bacillus atrophaeus WZYH01 and Planococcus soli WZYH02 Improve Salt Tolerance of Maize ( Zea mays L.) in Saline Soil. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:891372. [PMID: 35599881 PMCID: PMC9121094 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.891372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing shortage of land resources and people's attention to the ecological environment, the application of microbial fertilizer with natural soil microorganisms as the main component has attracted increasing attention in saline agriculture. In this study, two salt-tolerant strains, YL07 (Bacillus atrophaeus) and YL10 (Planococcus soli), were isolated from maize (Zea mays L.) rhizosphere soil with a saturated conductivity (ECe) of 6.13 dS/m and pH of 8.32 (Xinjiang, China). The effects of B. atrophaeus WZYH01 (YL07) and Planococcus soli WZYH02 (YL10) on the growth and development of maize (Zea mays L.) under salt stress (ECe = 5.9 dS/m) were further studied. The results showed that compared with uninoculation, inoculation with B. atrophaeus WZYH01 and Planococcus soli WZYH02 significantly improved maize growth performance, biomass yield, and antioxidant levels under salt stress, and the effect of Planococcus soli WZYH02 was more prominent than the effect of B. atrophaeus WZYH01. Moreover, inoculation with B. atrophaeus WZYH01 and Planococcus soli WZYH02 protected maize from salt stress by regulating plant hormone [IAA and abscisic acid (ABA)] levels and increasing nutrient acquisition. In addition, the tested strains were most efficient for maize growth and health, increasing the content of K+ accompanied by an effective decrease in Na+ in maize tissues. The transcription levels of salt tolerance genes (ZMNHX1, ZMNHX2, ZMHKT, ZMWRKY58, and ZMDREB2A) in inoculated maize were also dramatically higher than the transcription levels of the specified salt tolerance genes in uninoculated maize. In conclusion, B. atrophaeus WZYH01 and Planococcus soli WZYH02 can alleviate the harmful effects of salt stress on crop growth, thereby promoting sustainable agricultural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenzhi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Menglu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiesheng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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20
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Dong Y, Zhang J, Chen R, Zhong L, Lin X, Feng Y. Microbial Community Composition and Activity in Saline Soils of Coastal Agro-Ecosystems. Microorganisms 2022; 10:835. [PMID: 35456884 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is a serious problem for agriculture in coastal regions. Nevertheless, the effects of soil salinity on microbial community composition and their metabolic activities are far from clear. To improve such understanding, we studied microbial diversity, community composition, and potential metabolic activity of agricultural soils covering non–, mild–, and severe–salinity. The results showed that salinity had no significant effect on bacterial richness; however, it was the major driver of a shift in bacterial community composition and it significantly reduced microbial activity. Abundant and diverse of microbial communities were detected in the severe–salinity soils with an enriched population of salt–tolerant species. Co–occurrence network analysis revealed stronger dependencies between species associated with severe salinity soils. Results of microcalorimetric technology indicated that, after glucose amendment, there was no significant difference in microbial potential activity among soils with the three salinity levels. Although the salt prolonged the lag time of microbial communities, the activated microorganisms had a higher growth rate. In conclusion, salinity shapes soil microbial community composition and reduces microbial activity. An addition of labile organic amendments can greatly alleviate salt restrictions on microbial activity, which provides new insight for enhancing microbial ecological functions in salt–affected soils.
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Bi YP, Zheng CL, Dang HK, Cao CY, Li KJ, Ma JY, Wang H, Zhang JP. [Effects of saline-water furrow irrigation on the stability of soil water-stable aggregates in cotton field]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2022; 33:1055-1062. [PMID: 35543059 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202204.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is of great importance to explore the effects of saline-water furrow irrigation on soil water-stable aggregates for safe and efficient utilization of saline water resources. We conducted a long-term cotton experiment with six levels of saline-water furrow irrigation (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 g·L-1) since 2006 and analyzed the variations of soil salinity and water-stable aggregates in the 10th and 15th years under saline irrigation. The results showed that soil salinity in the 0-30 cm layer at the ditch increased with increasing salinity level of irrigation water. There were significant differences between the 6, 8, 10 g·L-1 and 1 g·L-1 treatments. Soil salinity in each treatment increased gradually with increasing soil depth. Saline-water furrow irrigation tended to reduce the stability of soil water-stable aggregates. When the salinity level of the irrigation water was ≥6 g·L-1, the mass fraction of macroaggregates (>0.25 mm), the mean weight diameter and geometric mean diameter of water-stable aggregates significantly decreased. In contrast, the fractal dimension and mean weight specific surface area increased significantly. The stability of soil water-stable aggregates decreased with soil depth in all treatments. Under the condition of saline-water furrow irrigation for several years, there was no accumulation of soil salinity and instability of water-stable aggregates in the 0-30 cm soil layer at the ditch with each passing year. With the irrigation scheduling of this study, saline-water furrow irrigation with salinity ≤4 g·L-1 did not affect soil salinity and water-stable aggregate stability of cotton field in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Peng Bi
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Chun-Lian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Hong-Kai Dang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Cai-Yun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Ke-Jiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - Jun-Yong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
| | - He Wang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jun-Peng Zhang
- College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Crop Drought Resistance Research of Hebei Province, Institute of Dryland Farming, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Hengshui 053000, Hebei, China
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Li Y, Li W, Ji L, Song F, Li T, Fu X, Li Q, Xing Y, Zhang Q, Wang J. Effects of Salinity on the Biodegradation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Oilfield Soils Emphasizing Degradation Genes and Soil Enzymes. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:824319. [PMID: 35087508 PMCID: PMC8787140 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.824319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The biodegradation of organic pollutants is the main pathway for the natural dissipation and anthropogenic remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the environment. However, in the saline soils, the PAH biodegradation could be influenced by soil salts through altering the structures of microbial communities and physiological metabolism of degradation bacteria. In the worldwide, soils from oilfields are commonly threated by both soil salinity and PAH contamination, while the influence mechanism of soil salinity on PAH biodegradation were still unclear, especially the shifts of degradation genes and soil enzyme activities. In order to explain the responses of soils and bacterial communities, analysis was conducted including soil properties, structures of bacterial community, PAH degradation genes and soil enzyme activities during a biodegradation process of PAHs in oilfield soils. The results showed that, though low soil salinity (1% NaCl, w/w) could slightly increase PAH degradation rate, the biodegradation in high salt condition (3% NaCl, w/w) were restrained significantly. The higher the soil salinity, the lower the bacterial community diversity, copy number of degradation gene and soil enzyme activity, which could be the reason for reductions of degradation rates in saline soils. Analysis of bacterial community structure showed that, the additions of NaCl increase the abundance of salt-tolerant and halophilic genera, especially in high salt treatments where the halophilic genera dominant, such as Acinetobacter and Halomonas. Picrust2 and redundancy analysis (RDA) both revealed suppression of PAH degradation genes by soil salts, which meant the decrease of degradation microbes and should be the primary cause of reduction of PAH removal. The soil enzyme activities could be indicators for microorganisms when they are facing adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Lei Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Fanyong Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Tianyuan Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Xiaowen Fu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Qi Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yingna Xing
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Ecology Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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Sun R, Wang X, Tian Y, Guo K, Feng X, Sun H, Liu X, Liu B. Long-Term Amelioration Practices Reshape the Soil Microbiome in a Coastal Saline Soil and Alter the Richness and Vertical Distribution Differently Among Bacterial, Archaeal, and Fungal Communities. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:768203. [PMID: 35087484 PMCID: PMC8787143 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.768203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally soil salinity is one of the most devastating environmental stresses affecting agricultural systems and causes huge economic losses each year. High soil salinity causes osmotic stress, nutritional imbalance and ion toxicity to plants and severely affects crop productivity in farming systems. Freezing saline water irrigation and plastic mulching techniques were successfully developed in our previous study to desalinize costal saline soil. Understanding how microbial communities respond during saline soil amelioration is crucial, given the key roles soil microbes play in ecosystem succession. In the present study, the community composition, diversity, assembly and potential ecological functions of archaea, bacteria and fungi in coastal saline soil under amelioration practices of freezing saline water irrigation, plastic mulching and the combination of freezing saline water irrigation and plastic mulching were assessed through high-throughput sequencing. These amelioration practices decreased archaeal and increased bacterial richness while leaving fungal richness little changed in the surface soil. Functional prediction revealed that the amelioration practices, especially winter irrigation with saline water and film mulched in spring, promoted a community harboring heterotrophic features. β-null deviation analysis illustrated that amelioration practices weakened the deterministic processes in structuring coastal saline soil microbial communities. These results advanced our understanding of the responses of the soil microbiome to amelioration practices and provided useful information for developing microbe-based remediation approaches in coastal saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruibo Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, Key Laboratory of JiangHuai Arable Land Resources Protection and Eco-Restoration, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaogai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Handan University, Handan, China
| | - Yinping Tian
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaohui Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Hongyong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Binbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, China
- Xiong’an Institute of Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiong’an New Area, China
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Purankar MV, Nikam AA, Devarumath RM, Penna S. Radiation induced mutagenesis, physio-biochemical profiling and field evaluation of mutants in sugarcane cv. CoM 0265. Int J Radiat Biol 2022; 98:1261-1276. [PMID: 34982642 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2024291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sugarcane is an important cash crop and is affected by soil salinity. CoM 0265, a moderately salt-tolerant variety grown in the Maharashtra region (India), has low sugar content. The present study was aimed to employ gamma ray induced in vitro mutagenesis with repeated and step-wise selection in sugarcane for the isolation and physio-biochemical profiling of the selected salt-tolerant mutants for improved agronomic performance and sugar content. MATERIALS AND METHODS Embryogenic callus culture of CoM 0265 variety was subjected to different doses of gamma radiation (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 Gy) followed by selection on NaCl containing media (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mM NaCl). The regenerated plantlets were hardened and selected based on ground nursery field trial on normal soil and saline field trial, in augmented block design for the selected mutant clones. Different physio-biochemical changes and activity of antioxidant enzymes were analyzed in the salt selected in vitro cultures and field-grown mutant clones. RESULTS Dose optimization showed 40 Gy as the LD50 for gamma radiation and 150 mM NaCl as the dose for in vitro selection experiments. The selected mutant clones showed higher tissue water content, chlorophyll, and lower sodium content indicative of tolerance to salt stress. Catalase and peroxidase enzyme activities in the top visible dewlap (TVD) of the putative mutant clones were significantly higher than the control. The average yield and sucrose percent of the selected mutant clones were significantly higher than control checks in the saline field trial. Mutant clones M8457 and M8721 exhibited improved yield and commercial cane sugar over the parent control check varieties under saline field conditions. Catalase activity was strongly associated with tissue water content (TWC) (r = 0.34) and chlorophyll content (r = 0.41) while it was negatively correlated with sodium ion content (r=-0.38). Peroxidase activity in TVD also showed a significant positive correlation with chlorophyll content (r = 0.42) and a negative correlation with sodium ion content (r=-0.39). The improvement in yield and CCS (t/ha) was strongly associated with the lower sodium ion content of the mutant clones (r=-0.54 and -0.53 respectively). CONCLUSION Gamma ray induced mutants were isolated for improved sucrose and high yield in sugarcane var. CoM 0265. The results suggest that gamma radiation induced mutations result in physiological and metabolomic alterations for better growth and adaptation under in vitro and field stress conditions in sugarcane. The improved mutants can be further useful for commercial cultivation in saline areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi V Purankar
- Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashok A Nikam
- Tissue Culture Unit, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rachayya M Devarumath
- Molecular Biology & Genetic Engineering, Vasantdada Sugar Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suprasanna Penna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Wang S, Fang D, Ameen A, Li X, Guo K, Liu X, Han L. Dynamics of Spring Regrowth and Comparative Production Performance of 50 Autumn-Sown Alfalfa Cultivars in the Coastal Saline Soil of North China. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1436. [PMID: 34947967 DOI: 10.3390/life11121436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) production is affected by many factors, including management practices, soil conditions, and the environmental elements of the target area. Varietal differences, in terms of agronomic performance and forage yield, among 50 alfalfa cultivars under six harvest systems following regrowth were evaluated during the growing season of 2019–2020 under non-irrigated rainfed conditions in a coastal saline-alkali soil region of North China. Days to harvesting, plant height, canopy area, growth rate, and forage yield were assessed to rank the cultivars. Furthermore, the key factor influencing the regrowth of the second year after over-wintering was identified based on the growth status before over-wintering by using the Boston Matrix method. Results showed significant (p < 0.05) differences among cultivars and harvests regarding plant height, canopy area, and forage yield. Alfalfa forage yield ranged between 24.2 t ha−1 yr−1 and 32.7 t ha−1 yr−1. The highest forage yield was obtained in cultivar Guochan No.1, and was lowest in cultivar Magnum 601. Forage yield reached the greatest values for the first harvest, and then decreased gradually and changed stably. The forage yield of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth harvest ranged from 3.4 t ha−1 to 4.3 t ha−1 (averaged across 50 cultivars), which represented 10.8% to 15.2% of the annual total forage production. We also observed that forage yield correlated strongly, but negatively, with the growth rate. According to subordinate function value analysis, Womu No.1, WL440HQ, Weston, Surprise, and WL354HQ proved optimum cultivars for general cultivation in this coastal area. In future, development of alfalfa cultivars with improved regrowth and tolerance to heavy saline-alkali soil and early spring drought would be necessary to increase forage yield under rainfed conditions in coastal saline-alkali areas of North China.
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Maccioni A, Canopoli L, Cubeddu V, Cucca E, Dessena S, Morittu S, Filigheddu R, Padedda BM, Farris E. Gradients of salinity and plant community richness and diversity in two different Mediterranean coastal ecosystems in NW Sardinia. Biodivers Data J 2021; 9:e71247. [PMID: 34849080 PMCID: PMC8626409 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.9.e71247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to test if differences in soil salinity, plant richness and diversity were significantly affected by habitat, site and distance from the seashore at three sandy and three rocky coastal sites in north-western Sardinia. Each site has been divided into three belts placed at an equal distance of 50 m from the shoreline. We measured soil salinity using a probe and vascular plants richness and diversity using linear transects at all sites. Average soil salinity varied from 0.115 g/l to 0.180 g/l; it was higher in the rocky habitats than in the sandy ones. A total of 21 species were found per transect/site at the rocky sites and 30 species per transect/site at the sandy sites, with an average of Shannon and Weaver's Diversity Index of 1.8 per each belt at each site. These data confirm that, also in the Mediterranean islands, there are coastal gradients of soil salinity from the seashore to inland areas and that also vascular plant richness and diversity are influenced by the distance from the sea. Soil salinity was strongly affected by the type of habitat, being average at the rocky coasts and negligible at the sandy shores. The site effect was not significant for both soil salinity and plant richness and diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Maccioni
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Luisa Canopoli
- School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University Cranfield, Bedfordshire United Kingdom
| | - Valeria Cubeddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Elisabetta Cucca
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Simone Dessena
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Samuele Morittu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Rossella Filigheddu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
| | - Bachisio Mario Padedda
- Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning, University of Sassari, Piazza Duomo 6, I-07041, Alghero, Italy Department of Architecture, Design and Urban Planning, University of Sassari, Piazza Duomo 6, I-07041 Alghero Italy
| | - Emmanuele Farris
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100, Sassari, Italy Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, - 07100 Sassari Italy
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Sharma A, Singh RK, Singh P, Vaishnav A, Guo DJ, Verma KK, Li DP, Song XP, Malviya MK, Khan N, Lakshmanan P, Li YR. Insights into the Bacterial and Nitric Oxide-Induced Salt Tolerance in Sugarcane and Their Growth-Promoting Abilities. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9112203. [PMID: 34835329 PMCID: PMC8623439 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity causes severe environmental stress that affects agriculture production and food security throughout the world. Salt-tolerant plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and nitric oxide (NO), a distinctive signaling molecule, can synergistically assist in the alleviation of abiotic stresses and plant growth promotion, but the mechanism by which this happens is still not well known. In the present study, in a potential salt-tolerant rhizobacteria strain, ASN-1, growth up to 15% NaCl concentration was achieved with sugarcane rhizosphere soil. Based on 16S-rRNA gene sequencing analysis, the strain ASN-1 was identified as a Bacillus xiamenensis. Strain ASN-1 exhibits multiple plant-growth-promoting attributes, such as the production of indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase, siderophores, HCN, ammonia, and exopolysaccharides as well as solubilized phosphate solubilization. Biofilm formation showed that NO enhanced the biofilm and root colonization capacity of the PGPR strain ASN-1 with host plants, evidenced by scanning electron microscopy. The greenhouse study showed that, among the different treatments, the combined application of PGPR and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) as an NO donor significantly (p ≤ 0.05) enhanced sugarcane plant growth by maintaining the relative water content, electrolyte leakage, gas exchange parameters, osmolytes, and Na+/K+ ratio. Furthermore, PGPR and SNP fertilization reduced the salinity-induced oxidative stress in plants by modulating the antioxidant enzyme activities and stress-related gene expression. Thus, it is believed that the acquisition of advanced information about the synergistic effect of salt-tolerant PGPR and NO fertilization will reduce the use of harmful chemicals and aid in eco-friendly sustainable agricultural production under salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjney Sharma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Rajesh Kumar Singh
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Pratiksha Singh
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Anukool Vaishnav
- Department of Biotechnology, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India;
| | - Dao-Jun Guo
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical, Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
| | - Krishan K. Verma
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Dong-Ping Li
- Microbiology Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Xiu-Peng Song
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Mukesh Kumar Malviya
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
| | - Naeem Khan
- Department of Agronomy, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Prakash Lakshmanan
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yang-Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi), Ministry of Agriculture, Sugarcane Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement, Sugarcane Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China; (A.S.); (R.K.S.); (P.S.); (D.-J.G.); (K.K.V.); (M.K.M.); (P.L.)
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Biotechnology, Nanning 530007, China;
- College of Agriculture, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical, Agro-Bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning 530005, China
- Correspondence:
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A. A. L, Ghazi DA, Al-Harbi NA, Al-Qahtani SM, Hassan S, Abdein MA. Growth, Yield, and Bunch Quality of "Superior Seedless" Vines Grown on Different Rootstocks Change in Response to Salt Stress. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10102215. [PMID: 34686024 PMCID: PMC8541443 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The growth and quality of vines are negatively affected by soil salinity if enough salts accumulate in the root zone. As part of the current study, we estimated the remediating effects of rootstocks under salinity. For this reason, "superior seedless" vines were grafted onto three different rootstocks, such as SO4, 1103 Paulson, and own-root ("superior seedless" with their own-root). The experiment was conducted in the 2019 and 2020 seasons. This study examines the effects of different rootstocks on vine growth, yield, and quality using "superior seedless" vines grown in sandy soil with salinity. Four stages of berry development were examined (flowering, fruit set, veraison, and harvest time). At harvest, yield characteristics (clusters per vine and cluster weight) were also assessed. Each parameter of the growth season was influenced separately. The K+ and Na+ ratios were also significantly increased, as were the salinity symptoms index and bunch yield per vine and quality. Rootstock 1103 Paulson improved photosynthetic pigments, K+ accumulation, Na+ uptake, and cell membrane damage in "superior seedless" vines compared to other rootstocks, according to the study results. As determined in the arid regions of northwestern Egypt, the 1103 Paulson can mitigate salinity issues when planting "superior seedless" vines on sandy soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lo’ay A. A.
- Pomology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EL-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
- Correspondence: (L.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Dina A. Ghazi
- Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, EL-Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Nadi Awad Al-Harbi
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71411, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.-H.); (S.M.A.-Q.)
| | - Salem Mesfir Al-Qahtani
- Biology Department, University College of Tayma, Tabuk University, Tabuk 71411, Saudi Arabia; (N.A.A.-H.); (S.M.A.-Q.)
| | - Sabry Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. Abdein
- Biology Department, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (L.A.A.); (M.A.A.)
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Rahman MM, Mostofa MG, Keya SS, Siddiqui MN, Ansary MMU, Das AK, Rahman MA, Tran LSP. Adaptive Mechanisms of Halophytes and Their Potential in Improving Salinity Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910733. [PMID: 34639074 PMCID: PMC8509322 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil salinization, which is aggravated by climate change and inappropriate anthropogenic activities, has emerged as a serious environmental problem, threatening sustainable agriculture and future food security. Although there has been considerable progress in developing crop varieties by introducing salt tolerance-associated traits, most crop cultivars grown in saline soils still exhibit a decline in yield, necessitating the search for alternatives. Halophytes, with their intrinsic salt tolerance characteristics, are known to have great potential in rehabilitating salt-contaminated soils to support plant growth in saline soils by employing various strategies, including phytoremediation. In addition, the recent identification and characterization of salt tolerance-related genes encoding signaling components from halophytes, which are naturally grown under high salinity, have paved the way for the development of transgenic crops with improved salt tolerance. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive update on salinity-induced negative effects on soils and plants, including alterations of physicochemical properties in soils, and changes in physiological and biochemical processes and ion disparities in plants. We also review the physiological and biochemical adaptation strategies that help halophytes grow and survive in salinity-affected areas. Furthermore, we illustrate the halophyte-mediated phytoremediation process in salinity-affected areas, as well as their potential impacts on soil properties. Importantly, based on the recent findings on salt tolerance mechanisms in halophytes, we also comprehensively discuss the potential of improving salt tolerance in crop plants by introducing candidate genes related to antiporters, ion transporters, antioxidants, and defense proteins from halophytes for conserving sustainable agriculture in salinity-prone areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mezanur Rahman
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Mohammad Golam Mostofa
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (L.S.-P.T.); Tel.: +1-806-5007763 (M.G.M.); +1-806-8347829 (L.S.-P.T.)
| | - Sanjida Sultana Keya
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
| | - Md. Nurealam Siddiqui
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh;
| | - Md. Mesbah Uddin Ansary
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh;
| | - Ashim Kumar Das
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (A.K.D.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Md. Abiar Rahman
- Department of Agroforestry and Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh; (A.K.D.); (M.A.R.)
| | - Lam Son-Phan Tran
- Department of Plant and Soil Science, Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; (M.M.R.); (S.S.K.)
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Correspondence: (M.G.M.); (L.S.-P.T.); Tel.: +1-806-5007763 (M.G.M.); +1-806-8347829 (L.S.-P.T.)
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Khalifa T, Elbagory M, Omara AE. Salt Stress Amelioration in Maize Plants through Phosphogypsum Application and Bacterial Inoculation. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2024. [PMID: 34685833 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of phosphogypsum (PG) and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for agricultural purposes are good options to improve soil properties and increase crop yield. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different rates of PG (ton ha−1; 0 (PG1), 3 (PG2), 6 (PG3), and 9 (PG4)) combined with PGPR inoculation (Azospirillum lipoferum (control, T1), A. lipoferum + Bacillus coagulans (T2), A. lipoferum + B. circulance (T3), and A. lipoferum + B. subtilis (T4)) on soil properties, plant physiology, antioxidant enzymes, nutrient uptake, and yield of maize plants (Zea mays L., cv. HSC 10) grown in salt-affected soil. Over two growing seasons, 2019 and 2020, field experiments were conducted as a split-plot design with triplicates. The results show that applying PG (9 ton ha−1) and co-inoculation (A. lipoferum + B. circulance) treatment significantly increased chlorophyll and carotenoids content, antioxidant enzymes, microbial communities, soil enzymes activity, and nutrient contents, and showed inhibitory impacts on proline content and pH, as well as EC and ESP, thus improving the productivity of maize plant compared to the control treatment. It could be concluded that PG, along with microbial inoculation, may be an important approach for ameliorating the negative impacts of salinity on maize plants.
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Hafez EM, Gowayed SM, Nehela Y, Sakran RM, Rady AMS, Awadalla A, Omara AED, Alowaiesh BF. Incorporated Biochar-Based Soil Amendment and Exogenous Glycine Betaine Foliar Application Ameliorate Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) Tolerance and Resilience to Osmotic Stress. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10091930. [PMID: 34579461 PMCID: PMC8471834 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Osmotic stress is a major physiologic dysfunction that alters the water movement across the cell membrane. Soil salinity and water stress are major causal factors of osmotic stress that severely affect agricultural productivity and sustainability. Herein, we suggested and evaluated the impact of integrated biochar-based soil amendment and exogenous glycine betaine application on the growth, physiology, productivity, grain quality, and osmotic stress tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L., cv. Sakha 105) grown in salt-affected soil under three irrigation intervals (6, 9, or 12 days), as well as soil properties and nutrient uptake under field conditions during the 2019 and 2020 seasons. Our findings showed that dual application of biochar and glycine betaine (biochar + glycine betaine) reduced the soil pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable sodium percentage. However, it enhanced the K+ uptake which increased in the leaves of treated-rice plants. Additionally, biochar and glycine betaine supplementation enhanced the photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) and physiological attributes (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content, and electrolyte leakage) of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Biochar + glycine betaine altered the activity of antioxidant-related enzymes (catalase, ascorbate peroxide, and peroxidase). Moreover, it improved the yield components, biological yield, and harvest index, as well as the nutrient value of rice grains of osmotic-stressed rice plants. Collectively, these findings underline the potential application of biochar and glycine betaine as a sustainable eco-friendly strategy to improve plant resilience, not only rice, but other plant species in general and other cereal crops in particular, to abiotic stress, particularly those growing in salt-affected soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emad M. Hafez
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh 33516, Egypt;
| | - Salah M. Gowayed
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Yasser Nehela
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Citrus Research and Education Center, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, 700 Experiment Station Rd., Lake Alfred, FL 33850, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Raghda M. Sakran
- Rice Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa M. S. Rady
- Crop Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture (EL-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 21545, Egypt;
| | - Abdelmoniem Awadalla
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Aswan University, Aswan 81528, Egypt;
| | - Alaa El-Dein Omara
- Department of Microbiology, Soils, Water and Environment Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12112, Egypt;
| | - Bassam F. Alowaiesh
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia;
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Wani KI, Naeem M, Castroverde CDM, Kalaji HM, Albaqami M, Aftab T. Molecular Mechanisms of Nitric Oxide (NO) Signaling and Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Homeostasis during Abiotic Stresses in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179656. [PMID: 34502565 PMCID: PMC8432174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stressors, such as drought, heavy metals, and high salinity, are causing huge crop losses worldwide. These abiotic stressors are expected to become more extreme, less predictable, and more widespread in the near future. With the rapidly growing human population and changing global climate conditions, it is critical to prevent global crop losses to meet the increasing demand for food and other crop products. The reactive gaseous signaling molecule nitric oxide (NO) is involved in numerous plant developmental processes as well as plant responses to various abiotic stresses through its interactions with various molecules. Together, these interactions lead to the homeostasis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), proline and glutathione biosynthesis, post-translational modifications such as S-nitrosylation, and modulation of gene and protein expression. Exogenous application of various NO donors positively mitigates the negative effects of various abiotic stressors. In view of the multidimensional role of this signaling molecule, research over the past decade has investigated its potential in alleviating the deleterious effects of various abiotic stressors, particularly in ROS homeostasis. In this review, we highlight the recent molecular and physiological advances that provide insights into the functional role of NO in mediating various abiotic stress responses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiser Iqbal Wani
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India; (K.I.W.); (M.N.)
| | - M. Naeem
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India; (K.I.W.); (M.N.)
| | | | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences, National Research Institute, Falenty, Al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
| | - Mohammed Albaqami
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tariq Aftab
- Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202 002, India; (K.I.W.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Mhada M, Zvinavashe AT, Hazzoumi Z, Zeroual Y, Marelli B, Kouisni L. Bioformulation of Silk-Based Coating to Preserve and Deliver Rhizobium tropici to Phaseolus vulgaris Under Saline Environments. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:700273. [PMID: 34408761 PMCID: PMC8366584 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.700273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seed priming has been for a long time an efficient application method of biofertilizers and biocontrol agents. Due to the quick degradation of the priming agents, this technique has been limited to specific immediate uses. With the increase of awareness of the importance of sustainable use of biofertilizers, seed coating has presented a competitive advantage regarding its ability to adhere easily to the seed, preserve the inoculant, and decompose in the soil. This study compared primed Phaseolus vulgaris seeds with Rhizobium tropici and trehalose with coated seeds using a silk solution mixed with R. tropici and trehalose. We represented the effect of priming and seed coating on seed germination and the development of seedlings by evaluating physiological and morphological parameters under different salinity levels (0, 20, 50, and 75 mM). Results showed that germination and morphological parameters have been significantly enhanced by applying R. tropici and trehalose. Seedlings of coated seeds show higher root density than the freshly primed seeds and the control. The physiological response has been evaluated through the stomatal conductance, the chlorophyll content, and the total phenolic compounds. The stability of these physiological traits indicated the role of trehalose in the protection of the photosystems of the plant under low and medium salinity levels. R. tropici and trehalose helped the plant mitigate the negative impact of salt stress on all traits. These findings represent an essential contribution to our understanding of stress responses in coated and primed seeds. This knowledge is essential to the design of coating materials optimized for stressed environments. However, further progress in this area of research must anticipate the development of coatings adapted to different stresses using micro and macro elements, bacteria, and fungi with a significant focus on biopolymers for sustainable agriculture and soil microbiome preservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Mhada
- African Integrated Plant and Soil Research Group, AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Augustine T. Zvinavashe
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Zakaria Hazzoumi
- Green Biotechnology Laboratory, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science Innovation and Research (MAScIR), Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Benedetto Marelli
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Lamfeddal Kouisni
- African Sustainable Agriculture Research Institute (ASARI–UM6P), Laayoune, Morocco
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Rady MM, Desoky EM, Ahmed SM, Majrashi A, Ali EF, Arnaout SMAI, Selem E. Foliar Nourishment with Nano-Selenium Dioxide Promotes Physiology, Biochemistry, Antioxidant Defenses, and Salt Tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1189. [PMID: 34207988 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Novel strategic green approaches are urgently needed to raise the performance of plants subjected to stress. Two field-level experimental attempts were implemented during two (2019 and 2020) growing seasons to study the possible effects of exogenous nourishment with selenium dioxide nanoparticles (Se-NPs) on growth, physio-biochemical ingredients, antioxidant defenses, and yield of Phaseolus vulgaris (L.) plant growing on a salt-affected soil (EC = 7.55–7.61 dS m−1). At 20, 30, and 40 days from seeding, three foliar sprays were applied to plants with Se-NPs at a rate of 0.5, 1.0, or 1.5 mM. The experimental design was accomplished in randomized complete plots. The data indicate noteworthy elevations in indicators related to growth and yield; pigments related to effective photosynthesis, osmoprotectant (free proline and soluble sugars), nutrient and Se contents, K+/Na+ ratio, cell integrity (water content and stability of membranes), all enzyme activities; and all features related to leaf anatomy induced by Se-NPs foliar spray. Conversely, marked lowering in markers of Na+ content-induced oxidative stress (superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide) and their outcomes in terms of ionic leakage and malondialdehyde were reported by foliar nourishment with Se-NPS compared to spraying leaves with water as an implemented control. The best results were recorded with Se-NPs applied at 1.0 mM, which mitigated the negative effects of soil salinity (control results). Therefore, the outcomes of this successful study recommend the use of Se-NPs at a rate of 1.0 mM as a foliar spray to grow common beans on saline soils with EC up to 7.55–7.61 dS m−1.
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Shi X, Zhao X, Ren J, Dong J, Zhang H, Dong Q, Jiang C, Zhong C, Zhou Y, Yu H. Influence of Peanut, Sorghum, and Soil Salinity on Microbial Community Composition in Interspecific Interaction Zone. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:678250. [PMID: 34108953 PMCID: PMC8180576 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.678250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microorganisms play important roles in crop production and sustainable agricultural management. However, soil conditions and crop selection are key determining factors for soil microbial communities. This study investigated the effect of plant types and soil salinity on the microbial community of interspecific interaction zone (II) based on the sorghum/peanut intercropping system. Microbial community diversity and composition were determined through PacBio single molecule, real-time sequencing of 16S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) genes. Results showed Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, and Acidobacteriota to be the dominant bacterial phyla in IP, II, and IS, whereas Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota were the dominant fungal phyla. Under salt-treated soil conditions, the plants-specific response altered the composition of the microbial community (diversity and abundance). Additionally, the interspecific interactions were also helpful for maintaining the stability and ecological functions of microbial communities by restructuring the otherwise stable core microbiome. The phylogenetic structure of the bacterial community was greatly similar between IP and II while that of the fungal community was greatly similar between IP and IS; however, the phylogenetic distance between IP and IS increased remarkably upon salinity stress. Overall, salinity was a dominant factor shaping the microbial community structure, although plants could also shape the rhizosphere microenvironment by host specificity when subjected to environmental stresses. In particular, peanut still exerted a greater influence on the microbial community of the interaction zone than sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Shi
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinhua Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinyao Ren
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiale Dong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - He Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiqi Dong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunji Jiang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yufei Zhou
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haiqiu Yu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Zhang ZX, Song YT, Zhang HZ, Li XJ, Niu BB. [Spatiotemporal dynamics of soil salinity in the Yellow River Delta under the impacts of hydrology and climate.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2021; 32:1393-1405. [PMID: 33899408 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202104.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, soil salinization in the Yellow River Delta under the effects of hydrology, climate and human activities have become increasingly prominent. Based on the 20 Landsat series images of Hekou, Kenli, Dongying districts and Lijin County of Dongying City selected from 1985 to 2018, numerical regression correction method was used to perform image spectral consistency conversion. The partial least squares regression method was used to construct quantitative inversion models of soil salt content. The soil salt content of the study area were retrieved by the best salt prediction model. The temporal and spatial characteristics of soil salt changes in the Yellow River Delta were analyzed. The results showed that the soil salt inversion model constructed with 10 sensitive spectral indices performed higher prediction accuracy, with coefficient of determination R2=0.769 and RMSE=1.125 for calibration, R2=0.752 and RMSE=1.203 for validation, and relative prediction deviation (RPD)=2.08. Using the measured soil salt data in 2016 to verify the inversion accuracy of the model, the correlation between the measured value and the inverted value was 0.7279. The model was used to map the soil salinity of the Yellow River Delta based on 20 images from 1985 to 2018. The abnormal soil salinity retrieval values was all less than 10%. During the study period, the soil salinity showed an overall trend of rising first and then falling which was lowest in 1985 (3.14 g·kg-1) and highest in 1995 (5.86 g·kg-1). Spatially, the area of heavily saline soil and saline soil in the study area decreased, and that of mildly and moderately saline soil significantly increased (66.6%). The total area of saline soil showed an increasing trend. The effects of hydrological and climatic conditions on soil salinity exhibited hysteresis. The increases of temperature promoted soil salinity, with the relationship between the soil salinity and the average temperatures in the past six months and one year being significantly correlated (R=0.507 and 0.538). Soil salinity did not correlate with regional precipitation, and was most affected by the Yellow River streamflow in the previous season (R=-0.543).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Xuan Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yu-Tong Song
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hui-Zhong Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xin-Ju Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Bei-Bei Niu
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China.,National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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Hasanuzzaman M, Inafuku M, Nahar K, Fujita M, Oku H. Nitric Oxide Regulates Plant Growth, Physiology, Antioxidant Defense, and Ion Homeostasis to Confer Salt Tolerance in the Mangrove Species, Kandelia obovata. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:611. [PMID: 33923816 PMCID: PMC8073094 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10040611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Facultative halophyte Kandelia obovata plants were exposed to mild (1.5% NaCl) and severe (3% NaCl) salt stress with or without sodium nitroprusside (SNP; 100 µM; a NO donor), hemoglobin (Hb, 100 µM; a NO scavenger), or Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 100 µM; a NO synthase inhibitor). The plants were significantly affected by severe salt stress. They showed decreases in seedling growth, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, SPAD value, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency, and disrupted antioxidant defense systems, overproduction of reactive oxygen species, and visible oxidative damage. Salt stress also induced ion toxicity and disrupted nutrient homeostasis, as indicated by elevated leaf and root Na+ contents, decreased K+ contents, lower K+/Na+ ratios, and decreased Ca contents while increasing osmolyte (proline) levels. Treatment of salt-stressed plants with SNP increased endogenous NO levels, reduced ion toxicity, and improved nutrient homeostasis while further increasing Pro levels to maintain osmotic balance. SNP treatment also improved gas exchange parameters and enhanced antioxidant enzymes' activities (catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase). Treatment with Hb and l-NAME reversed these beneficial SNP effects and exacerbated salt damage, confirming that SNP promoted stress recovery and improved plant growth under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences (COMB), Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan;
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Masashi Inafuku
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences (COMB), Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan;
| | - Kamrun Nahar
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh;
| | - Masayuki Fujita
- Laboratory of Plant Stress Responses, Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, 2393 Ikenobe, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0795, Japan;
| | - Hirosuke Oku
- Molecular Biotechnology Group, Center of Molecular Biosciences (COMB), Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan;
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Liu CH, Siew W, Hung YT, Jiang YT, Huang CH. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) Deaminase Gene in Pseudomonas azotoformans Is Associated with the Amelioration of Salinity Stress in Tomato. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:913-921. [PMID: 33464897 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c05628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Although bacteria with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity have been used to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses in crops, it is not well known whether the ACC deaminase gene (acdS) in Pseudomonas azotoformans is related to the alleviation of salt stress by the bacterium. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of acdS in P. azotoformans strain CHB 1107 on the nutrient uptake and growth of tomato plants under salt stress. The acdS mutant (CHB 1107 M) of P. azotoformans CHB 1107 was obtained through bacterial conjugation. Wild-type (CHB 1107 WT) and CHB 1107 M were used to inoculate tomato plants grown in a soil or solution with an electrical conductivity of 6 dS/m adjusted by NaCl. CHB 1107 M completely lost the ability to produce ACC deaminase, whereas the complementation of acdS in CHB 1107 M preserved its ACC deaminase activity. CHB 1107 WT significantly reduced the production of ethylene and proline by tomato plants under salt stress, increasing the shoot and root dry weights of tomato plants compared with the noninoculated control and CHB 1107 M. In addition, tomato plants inoculated with CHB 1107 M showed a significant reduction in K (27.5%), Ca (23.0%), and Mn uptake (17.5%) compared with those inoculated with CHB 1107 WT. In contrast, CHB 1107 WT significantly reduced Na uptake by tomato plants in comparison to CHB 1107 M in saline soil conditions. In addition, the inoculation of tomato plants with CHB 1107 WT resulted in a higher K/Na ratio than in those inoculated with CHB 1107 M and the noninoculated control. These findings suggest that acdS in P. azotoformans is associated with the amelioration of salinity stress in tomato. Plant transformation with acdS and the field application of P. azotoformans may be used as potential management tools for crops under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Huan Liu
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Wanyi Siew
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Hung
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ti Jiang
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hua Huang
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
- Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture (IDCSA), National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, South District, Taichung City 402, Taiwan
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Abstract
Knowledge of spatiotemporal distribution and likelihood of (re)occurrence of salt-affected soils is crucial to our understanding of land degradation and for planning effective remediation strategies in face of future climatic uncertainties. However, conventional methods used for tracking the variability of soil salinity/sodicity are extensively localized, making predictions on a global scale difficult. Here, we employ machine-learning techniques and a comprehensive set of climatic, topographic, soil, and remote sensing data to develop models capable of making predictions of soil salinity (expressed as electrical conductivity of saturated soil extract) and sodicity (measured as soil exchangeable sodium percentage) at different longitudes, latitudes, soil depths, and time periods. Using these predictive models, we provide a global-scale quantitative and gridded dataset characterizing different spatiotemporal facets of soil salinity and sodicity variability over the past four decades at a ∼1-km resolution. Analysis of this dataset reveals that a soil area of 11.73 Mkm2 located in nonfrigid zones has been salt-affected with a frequency of reoccurrence in at least three-fourths of the years between 1980 and 2018, with 0.16 Mkm2 of this area being croplands. Although the net changes in soil salinity/sodicity and the total area of salt-affected soils have been geographically highly variable, the continents with the highest salt-affected areas are Asia (particularly China, Kazakhstan, and Iran), Africa, and Australia. The proposed method can also be applied for quantifying the spatiotemporal variability of other dynamic soil properties, such as soil nutrients, organic carbon content, and pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Hassani
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom;
| | - Adisa Azapagic
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, M13 9PL Manchester, United Kingdom;
| | - Nima Shokri
- Institute of Geo-Hydroinformatics, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany
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40
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Yang C, Sun J. Soil Salinity Drives the Distribution Patterns and Ecological Functions of Fungi in Saline-Alkali Land in the Yellow River Delta, China. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:594284. [PMID: 33424797 PMCID: PMC7786015 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.594284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High soil salinity is the main factor that limits soil microbial activity in the Yellow River Delta (YRD); however, its effects on fungal community and ecological function are unknown. Here, we comparatively investigated the diversity and structures of soil fungal communities targeting the internally transcribed fungal spacer gene using Illumina MiSeq sequencing methods under a salt gradient with five levels, namely, Low: low-salinity soil, Medium: medium-salinity soil, High: high-salinity soil, Extreme: extreme-salinity soil, and a non-salted site as the control (Non-saline). The results show that bulk density (BD) values significantly increased (p < 0.05), while significantly lower values of soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), and fungal Shannon and Chao indexes were observed as the salinization gradient increased (p < 0.05). The relatively high levels of the families Nectriaceae and Cladosporiaceae distinguished two of the clusters, indicating two enterotypes of low (Non-saline and Low) and high (Medium, High, and Extreme) salinity soils, respectively. The family Nectriaceae was most abundant in the networks, and the positive correlations were more pronounced than negative correlations; however, Cladosporiaceae was the family most negatively correlated with others based on the network analysis. At the ecological function level, plant saprotrophs and litter saprotroph were significantly less abundant in extremely saline soil than non-saline soil. The change in soil properties (TC, TN, and BD) caused by soil salinization [salt and electrical conductivity (EC)] regulated the diversity of soil fungal communities, and ecological function, as indicated by Pearson correlation analyses. We suggest further investigation into the ecological functions of soil microorganisms in the extremely saline-alkaline soils of the YRD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Juan Sun
- Grassland Agri-Husbandry Research Center, College of Grassland Science, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
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41
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Qi G, Zhao G, Xi X. Soil Salinity Inversion of Winter Wheat Areas Based on Satellite-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Ground Collaborative System in Coastal of the Yellow River Delta. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E6521. [PMID: 33202692 PMCID: PMC7697605 DOI: 10.3390/s20226521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinization is an important factor affecting winter wheat growth in coastal areas. The rapid, accurate and efficient estimation of soil salt content is of great significance for agricultural production. The Kenli area in the Yellow River Delta was taken as the research area. Three machine learning inversion models, namely, BP neural network (BPNN), support vector machine (SVM) and random forest (RF) were constructed using ground-measured data and UAV images, and the optimal model is applied to UAV images to obtain the salinity inversion result, which is used as the true salt value of the Sentinel-2A image to establish BPNN, SVM and RF collaborative inversion models, and apply the optimal model to the study area. The results showed that the RF collaborative inversion model is optimal, R2 = 0.885. The inversion results are verified by using the measured soil salt data in the study area, which is significantly better than the directly satellite remote sensing inversion method. This study integrates the advantages of multi-scale data and proposes an effective "Satellite-UAV-Ground" collaborative inversion method for soil salinity, so as to obtain more accurate soil information, and provide more effective technical support for agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Qi
- College of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Gengxing Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
| | - Xue Xi
- National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, China;
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42
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Sun B, Yan L, Jiang M, Li X, Han G, Xia J. Reduced magnitude and shifted seasonality of CO 2 sink by experimental warming in a coastal wetland. Ecology 2020; 102:e03236. [PMID: 33098567 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Coastal wetlands have the highest carbon sequestration rate per unit area among all unmanaged natural ecosystems. However, how the magnitude and seasonality of the CO2 sink in coastal wetlands will respond to future climate warming remains unclear. Here, based on measurements of ecosystem CO2 fluxes in a field experiment in the Yellow River Delta, we found that experimental warming (i.e., a 2.4°C increase in soil temperature) reduced net ecosystem productivity (NEP) by 23.7% across two growing seasons of 2017-2018. Such a reduction in NEP resulted from the greater decrease in gross primary productivity (GPP) than ecosystem respiration (ER) under warming. The negative warming effect on NEP mainly occurred in summer (-43.9%) but not in autumn (+61.3%), leading to a shifted NEP seasonality under warming. Further analyses showed that the warming effects on ecosystem CO2 exchange were mainly controlled by soil salinity and its corresponding impacts on species composition. For example, warming increased soil salinity (+35.0%), reduced total aboveground biomass (-9.9%), and benefited the growth of plant species with high salt tolerance and late peak growth. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first experimental evidence on the reduced magnitude and shifted seasonality of CO2 exchange under climate warming in coastal wetlands. These findings underscore the high vulnerability of wetland CO2 sink in coastal regions under future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China.,Joint Translational Science and Technology Research Institute, East China Normal University and Haifa University, Shanghai, 200000, China.,Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264000, China
| | - Liming Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China.,Research Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Ming Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China.,Research Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Xinge Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Guangxuan Han
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264000, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Jianyang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China.,Research Center for Global Change and Ecological Forecasting, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200000, China
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43
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Bilek MA, Soolanayakanahally RY, Guy RD, Mansfield SD. Physiological Response of Populus balsamifera and Salix eriocephala to Salinity and Hydraulic Fracturing Wastewater: Potential for Phytoremediation Applications. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17207641. [PMID: 33092092 PMCID: PMC7589555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Natural and anthropogenic soil degradation is resulting in a substantial rise in the extension of saline and industrially-polluted soils. Phytoremediation offers an environmentally and economically advantageous solution to soil contamination. Three growth trials were conducted to assess the stress tolerance of native Canadian genotypes of Populus balsamifera L., Salix eriocephala Michx., and one hybrid willow (S. discolor × S. dasyclados) to salinity and hydraulic fracturing (fracking) wastewater. Thirty-three genotypes were grown in NaCl or fracking wastewater solutions between 0 and 7 mS−1 over a period of 3–4 months. P. balsamifera was observed to be relatively salt-intolerant compared to S. eriocephala and hybrid willow, which is likely caused by an inability of P. balsamifera to restrict Na+ translocation. Photosynthesis and transpiration decreased with salinity treatments, and severe reductions occurred with exposure to fracking solutions. Raffinose and stachyose content was tripled in leaf and root tissues. In willows, Na+ was primarily confined to root tissues, Cl− accumulated up to 5% dry weight in leaves, and K+ was translocated from roots to leaves. Willow genotypes CAM-2 and STL-2 displayed the greatest maintenance of growth and resistance to necrotic symptoms in all trials, suggesting that these genotypes may be useful for practical application and further field study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Bilek
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | | | - Robert D. Guy
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | - Shawn D. Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
- Correspondence:
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44
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Bhat MA, Kumar V, Bhat MA, Wani IA, Dar FL, Farooq I, Bhatti F, Koser R, Rahman S, Jan AT. Mechanistic Insights of the Interaction of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) With Plant Roots Toward Enhancing Plant Productivity by Alleviating Salinity Stress. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1952. [PMID: 32973708 PMCID: PMC7468593 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture plays an important role in a country's economy. The sector is challenged by many stresses, which led to huge loss in plant productivity worldwide. The ever-increasing population, rapid urbanization with shrinking agricultural lands, dramatic change in climatic conditions, and extensive use of agrochemicals in agricultural practices that caused environmental disturbances confront mankind of escalating problems of food security and sustainability in agriculture. Escalating environmental problems and global hunger have led to the development and adoption of genetic engineering and other conventional plant breeding approaches in developing stress-tolerant varieties of crops. However, these approaches have drawn flaws in their adoption as the process of generating tolerant varieties takes months to years in bringing the technology from the lab to the field. Under such scenario, sustainable and climate-smart agricultural practices that avail bacterial usage open the avenues in fulfilling the incessant demand for food for the global population. Ensuring stability on economic fronts, bacteria minimizes plant salt uptake by trapping ions in their exopolysaccharide matrix besides checking the expression of Na+/H+ and high-affinity potassium transporters. Herein we describe information on salinity stress and its effect on plant health as well as strategies adopted by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) in helping plants to overcome salinity stress and in mitigating loss in overall plant productivity. It is believed that acquisition of advanced knowledge of plant-beneficial PGPR will help in devising strategies for sustainable, environment-friendly, and climate-smart agricultural technologies for adoption in agriculture to overcome the constrained environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujtaba Aamir Bhat
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea
| | - Mudasir Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Wani
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Farhana Latief Dar
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Iqra Farooq
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Farha Bhatti
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Rubina Koser
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Munshi Singh College, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, India
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
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45
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Li Y, Xu J, Liu B, Wang H, Qi Z, Wei Q, Liao L, Liu S. Enhanced N 2O Production Induced by Soil Salinity at a Specific Range. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17145169. [PMID: 32708977 PMCID: PMC7399853 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17145169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) as a by-product of soil nitrogen (N) cylces, its production may be affected by soil salinity which have been proved to have significant negative effect on soil N transformation processes. The response of N2O production across a range of different soil salinities is poorly documented; accordingly, we conducted a laboratory incubation experiment using an array of soils bearing six different salinity levels ranging from 0.25 to 6.17 dS m−1. With ammonium-rich organic fertilizer as their N source, the soils were incubated at three soil moisture (θ) levels—50%, 75% and 100% of field capacity (θfc)—for six weeks. Both N2O fluxes and concentrations of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate (NH4+-N, NO2−-N and NO3−-N) were measured throughout the incubation period. The rates of NH4+-N consumption and NO3−-N accumulation increased with increasing soil moisture and decreased with increasing soil salinity, while the accumulation of NO2−-N increased first then decreased with increasing soil salinity. N2O emissions were significantly promoted by greater soil moisture. As soil salinity increased from 0.25 to 6.17 dS m−1, N2O emissions from soil first increased then decreased at all three soil moisture levels, with N2O emissions peaking at electric conductivity (EC) values of 1.01 and 2.02 dS m−1. N2O emissions form saline soil were found significantly positively correlated to soil NO2−-N accumulation. The present results suggest that greater soil salinity inhibits both steps of nitrification, but that its inhibition of nitrite oxidation is stronger than that on ammonia oxidation, which leads to higher NO2−-N accumulation and enhanced N2O emissions in soil with a specific salinity range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology—Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Junzeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology—Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China;
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
- Cooperative Innovation Center for Water Safety & Hydro Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-83786016
| | - Boyi Liu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Haiyu Wang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhiming Qi
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X 3V9, Canada;
| | - Qi Wei
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Linxian Liao
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Shimeng Liu
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China; (B.L.); (H.W.); (Q.W.); (L.L.); (S.L.)
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46
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Cui K, Zhao GX, Wang ZR, Xi X, Gao P, Qi GH. [Multi-scale spatial variability of soil salinity in typical fields of the Yellow River Delta in summer]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:1451-1458. [PMID: 32530221 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Soil salinization severely hinders the development of agricultural economy in the Yellow River Delta. Clarifying the spatial variability of soil salinity at multiple scales in the field is of great significance for the improvement and utilization of saline soils and agricultural production. In this study, by dividing the three dimensions of field, plot and ridge, we collceted 152 sets of conducti-vity data through field survey sampling in a summer maize field in Kenli County of the Yellow River delta. The methods of classic statistics, geostatistics and Kriging interpolation were used to analyze the spatial variability and scale effects of multi-scale soil salt in the field. The results showed that soil in this area was moderately salinized, with the extent of soil salinity moderately varying at three scales. From the field, plot to the ridge scale, with the decreases of sampling scale, the variability of soil salinity increased and the standard deviation increased. The ridge and plot scales showed strong spatial correlation. The optimal model was Gaussian model, which was mainly affected by structural factors. The field scale was of medium spatial correlation, with exponential model as the optimal one, which was influenced by both random factors and structural factors. The spatial distribution characteristics of soil salinity at different scales were significantly different. The spatial chara-cteristics at small scale were masked at large scale, showing obvious scale effect. The distribution of soil salinity at the micro-ridge scale between ridges had obvious variation. Soil salt content gradually decreased with the micro-topography from high to low, while vegetation coverage changed from sparse to dense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Cui
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Geng-Xing Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Xi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Guang-Hui Qi
- College of Resources and Environment, Shandong Agricultural University/National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources, Tai'an 271018, Shandong, China
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47
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Chen SM, Wang N, Zhang HY, Qin YF, Zou SQ. [Spatial variability and agglomeration of soil salinity in Minjiang estuary wetland, Southeast China]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2020; 31:599-607. [PMID: 32476354 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202002.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the spatial variability and agglomeration of soil salinity is of great significance for the sustainable development of estuarine wetland. Landsat 8 OLI remote sensing image, digital elevation mode and soil surface samples of Minjiang estuary wetland of Fuzhou were used as the data sources. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis were combined to select significant environmental variables and to reduce their dimensions. We analyzed the spatial variability of soil salinity with support vector regression ordinary kriging model (SVROK) and regression kri-ging model (RK), and quantified spatial agglomeration of soil salinity by the spatial autocorrelation analysis. The results showed that three principal components (PCs) extracted by the principal component analysis could explain at least 85% of the total variance in the original dataset and reflected the comprehensive information of vegetation cover, soil properties and topography. Both soil salinity and its residuals were affected by structural factors and random factors. The SVROK model based on principal component (PCs) as input variables can more accurately reflect the spatial variability of soil salinity, with a trend of "higher in the north and lower in the south". The Moran's I of soil salinity was more than 0.5, with significant positive spatial autocorrelation and a higher spatial aggregation degree, displaying the spatial agglomeration characteristics of "high value agglomeration, high value widespread, high value surrounded by low value".
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Ming Chen
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China.,College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Fujian Provincial Ornamental Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ning Wang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Fujian Provincial Ornamental Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hong-Yue Zhang
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yan-Fang Qin
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Shuang-Quan Zou
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China.,Fujian Provincial Ornamental Germplasm Resources Innovation & Engineering Application Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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48
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Wang W, Dong L, Ma C, Wei L, Xu F, Feng J. Experimental Investigation of Ground Radiation on Dielectric and Brightness Temperature of Soil Moisture and Soil Salinity. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E2806. [PMID: 32429052 DOI: 10.3390/s20102806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Soil moisture and salinity are crucial parameters of the Earth’s ecosystem; how to understand the radiation properties of them is of great significance for remote sensing monitoring. In this study, the application of mixed soil dielectric models (Dobson and generalized refractive mixing dielectric model (GRMDM)) and saline soil dielectric models (Dobson-S, HQR (Qingrong Hu), and WYR (Yueru Wu)) were analyzed to select the optimal models to simulate brightness temperature based on observational data. The brightness temperature of the soil moisture and multilevel salinity was simulated by using the Q-H (parameter of polarization mixing and parameter of characterizing height) model and Holmes parameterization scheme of soil effective temperature. The results show that both the Dobson model and the GRMDM model can well reproduce the real part and imaginary part of the dielectric constant of non-saline soil, and the GRMDM model was better. With the increase of the frequency, the simulation error of the dielectric constant of the saline soil by using the Dobson-S model, HQR model, and WYR model also increased, and the simulation result of the WYR model was better in the L band. The simulated result of the brightness temperature of soil moisture between the observation value and simulation value presented a high correlation both in the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, with R greater than 0.967 and 0.948, and the root mean square error smaller than 3.998 K and 2.766 K, respectively. Meanwhile, the correlation coefficients of the brightness temperature of the saline soil in the horizontal polarization and vertical polarization were 0.935 and 0.971, and the root mean square errors were 5.808 K and 4.65 K, respectively. The brightness temperature decreased as the soil salinity increased, and the higher the salinity content was, the quicker the brightness temperature decreased. We expect that the experimental results can be used as a reference for algorithm developers to further enhance the accuracy of soil moisture and soil salinity retrievals.
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49
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Huang X, Soolanayakanahally RY, Guy RD, Shunmugam ASK, Mansfield SD. Differences in growth and physiological and metabolic responses among Canadian native and hybrid willows (Salix spp.) under salinity stress. Tree Physiol 2020; 40:652-666. [PMID: 32083671 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Globally, soil salinization is becoming increasingly prevalent, due to local hydrogeologic phenomena, climate change and anthropogenic activities. This has significantly curtailed current world food production and limits future production potential. In the prairie region of North America, sulfate salts, rather than sodium chloride, are often the predominant cause of soil degradation. In order to amend soil quality, revegetate salt-affected sites and recover economic loss associated with soil salinization, the establishment of short-rotation coppice plantations with willows (Salix spp.) has been suggested as a possible solution. To screen for the best candidates for such an application, 20 hybrid and 16 native willow genotypes were treated with three different salt conditions for 3 months. The treatments were designed to reflect the salt composition and concentrations on North American prairies. Under moderate salinity treatment (7 dS m-1), hybrid willows had better growth, as they established quickly while managing salt transport and mineral nutrition balance. However, native willows showed higher potential for long-term survival under severe salinity treatment (14 dS m-1), showing a lower sodium:potassium ratio in roots and better photosynthetic performance. Two native willow genotypes with high osmotic and salinity tolerance indices, specifically LAR-10 and MJW-9, are expected to show superior potential for remediating salt-affected sites. In addition, we observed significantly higher sulfate/sulfur concentrations in both leaf and root tissues in response to the severe salinity treatment, shedding light on the effect of sulfate salinity on sulfate uptake, and potentially sulfur metabolism in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Huang
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | | | - Robert D Guy
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Arun S K Shunmugam
- Department of Jobs, Precincts and Regions, Agriculture Victoria Research, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, VIC 3400, Australia
| | - Shawn D Mansfield
- Department of Wood Science, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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50
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Yang X, Li Y, Chen H, Huang J, Zhang Y, Qi M, Liu Y, Li T. Photosynthetic Response Mechanism of Soil Salinity-Induced Cross-Tolerance to Subsequent Drought Stress in Tomato Plants. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:E363. [PMID: 32187994 DOI: 10.3390/plants9030363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinization and water shortage cause ion imbalance and hyperosmoticity in plant cells, adversely impairing photosynthesis efficiency. How soil salinity-induced photosynthetic acclimation influences the cross-tolerance to drought conditions represents a promising research topic. This study was to reveal the photosynthetic mechanism of soil salinity-induced resistance to the subsequent drought stress in tomato leaves through comprehensive photosynthesis-related spectroscopy analysis. We conducted soil salinity pretreatment and subsequent drought stress experiments, including irrigation with 100 mL water, 100 mL 100 mM NaCl solution (NaCl100), 50 mL water, and 50 mL 100 mM NaCl solution (NaCl50) for five days, followed by five-day drought stress. The results showed that soil salinity treatment by NaCl decreased the rate of photosynthetic gas exchange but enhanced CO2 assimilation, along with photosystem II [PS(II)] and photosystem I [PS(I)] activity and photochemical efficiency in tomato plants compared with water pretreatment after subsequent drought stress. NaCl100 and NaCl50 had the capacity to maintain non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) of chlorophyll fluorescence and the cyclic electron (CEF) flow around PSI in tomato leaves after being subjected to subsequent drought stress, thus avoiding the decrease of photosynthetic efficiency under drought conditions. NaCl100 and NaCl50 pretreatment induced a higher proton motive force (pmf) and also alleviated the damage to the thylakoid membrane and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase of tomato leaves caused by subsequent drought stress. Overall, soil salinity treatment could enhance drought resistance in tomato plants by inducing NPQ, maintaining CEF and pmf that tradeoff between photoprotection and photochemistry reactions. This study also provides a photosynthetic perspective for salt and drought cross-tolerance.
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