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Puigserver D, Giménez J, Gràcia F, Granell À, Carmona JM, Torrandell A, Fornós JJ. Effects of global and climate change on the freshwater-seawater interface movement in a Mediterranean karst aquifer of Mallorca Island. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169246. [PMID: 38072274 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Karst aquifers are globally prized freshwater sources, posing a significant preservation challenge. These aquifers typically exhibit dual or even triple porosities, encompassing matrix, fractures-fissures and conduits, rendering them highly responsive to variations in chemical characteristics and hydraulic head. In coastal regions, these aquifers often possess extensive subsurface conduit networks intricately linked to the rock matrix, facilitating groundwater discharge into the sea. Therefore, they display acute sensitivity to seawater intrusion, swiftly reacting to changes in precipitation and pumping regimes. This makes them exceptionally vulnerable to short-term meteorological fluctuations and long-term climate change. Their high heterogeneity leads to uneven penetration of the freshwater-seawater interface, causing rapid seawater intrusion inland over significant distances. The Mediterranean region, characterized by water deficit and water stress, faces strong impacts from climate change, featuring a warming atmospheric trend exceeding the global average, along with diminished rainfall exacerbating water scarcity. Increasing water demands for agriculture, urban development, and the growing tourism industry, because of global change, are worsening water stress. Our primary research objectives were analyzing the environmental consequences of global and climate change on seawater intrusion in Mediterranean coastal karst aquifers, with a focus on the role of the double-flow model, thus contributing to the understanding of the processes involved. To achieve this, we selected a study region on Mallorca Island in the western Mediterranean, where a karst aquifer system discharges into the sea. We employed various study methods, notably hydrochemical techniques and multi-isotopic analysis, encompassing the examination of 2H and 18O isotopes in water, 87Sr/86Sr ratio, Sr and B concentrations, and δ11B in water. A key finding is the rebound effect, wherein aquifers recontaminate due to solute molecular back-diffusion following cessation of extractions and the retreat of marine intrusion, providing insight into the impact of climate and global change on Mediterranean karst aquifers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Puigserver
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Water Research Institute (IdRA-UB), Serra Húnter Tenure-elegible Lecturer, C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Giménez
- General Directorate of Water Resources of the Balearic Islands, C/ Gremi Corredors, 10, E-07009 Palma, Mallorca, Spain; Earth Sciences Research Group, Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Cra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Francesc Gràcia
- Earth Sciences Research Group, Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Cra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Mallorca, Spain; Societat Espeleològica Balear, C/. Margarida Xirgu, 16, E-07011 Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - Àlvaro Granell
- Earth Sciences Research Group, Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Cra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Mallorca, Spain; Societat Espeleològica Balear, C/. Margarida Xirgu, 16, E-07011 Palma, Mallorca, Spain
| | - José M Carmona
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Water Research Institute (IdRA-UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aina Torrandell
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Water Research Institute (IdRA-UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan J Fornós
- Earth Sciences Research Group, Department of Biology, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Cra. Valldemossa, km 7.5, E-07122 Palma, Mallorca, Spain; Societat Espeleològica Balear, C/. Margarida Xirgu, 16, E-07011 Palma, Mallorca, Spain
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Yang L, Cai X, Li R. Ferroptosis Induced by Pollutants: An Emerging Mechanism in Environmental Toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:2166-2184. [PMID: 38275135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants have been recognized for their ability to induce various adverse outcomes in both the environment and human health, including inflammation, apoptosis, necrosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy. Understanding these biological mechanisms has played a crucial role in risk assessment and management efforts. However, the recent identification of ferroptosis as a form of programmed cell death has emerged as a critical mechanism underlying pollutant-induced toxicity. Numerous studies have demonstrated that fine particulates, heavy metals, and organic substances can trigger ferroptosis, which is closely intertwined with lipid, iron, and amino acid metabolism. Given the growing evidence linking ferroptosis to severe diseases such as heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, liver injury, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and cancer, it is imperative to investigate the role of pollutant-induced ferroptosis. In this review, we comprehensively analyze various pollutant-induced ferroptosis pathways and intricate signaling molecules and elucidate their integration into the driving and braking axes. Furthermore, we discuss the potential hazards associated with pollutant-induced ferroptosis in various organs and four representative animal models. Finally, we provide an outlook on future research directions and strategies aimed at preventing pollutant-induced ferroptosis. By enhancing our understanding of this novel form of cell death and developing effective preventive measures, we can mitigate the adverse effects of environmental pollutants and safeguard human and environmental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Xiaoming Cai
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Ruibin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Suzhou Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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Shi J, Chen X, Ye B, Wang Z, Sun Y, Wu J, Guo H. A comparative study of DNAPL migration and transformation in confined and unconfined groundwater systems. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 245:120649. [PMID: 37741037 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
To explore the migration and transformation process of dense non-aqueous liquid (DNAPL) pollutants' multiphase flow, specifically nitrobenzene (NB), in confined groundwater (CG) versus unconfined groundwater (UG), a two-dimensional sandbox experimental device was designed and constructed. This involved constructing a vadose zone-UG- aquitard-CG structure, which was then subjected to different scenarios. Real-time analysis and numerical simulation methods were established and employed, with a particular focus on the detailed investigation results of actual contaminated site. The study found that when the same amount of NB was injected, the special structure of the CG layer resulted in a more pronounced reverse diffusion of NB in both the dissolved and NAPL phases. This was especially true for the dissolved phase, which was more likely to diffuse reversely. Meanwhile, CG did not directly interact with the vadose zone, and there was no loss of gas phase NB after the leakage in CG. As a result, higher concentrations of dissolved phase NB were generated, leading to the emergence of a larger area of NB contaminant plumes with CG flow. Importantly, the simulation study of the actual site and the laboratory experimental results were found to be validated, further validating the conclusion that direct leakage of NB into CG results in a higher concentration and larger area of dissolved phase contaminant plume, causing more serious pollution to the groundwater environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- School of Civil Engineering University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Bo Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhewen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jichun Wu
- School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Hydrosciences Department, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China; Quanzhou Institute for Evironment Protection lndustry, Nanjing University, Quanzhou 362000, China; Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science-University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Sun C, Xu C, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Li X, Zhang Q, Wu B, Ma F, Gu Q. A numerical simulation of thermally-enhanced soil vapor extraction with a validation of an actual contaminated site. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139413. [PMID: 37414295 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermally-enhanced soil vapor extraction (T-SVE) remediation technology is widely used in organic-contaminated sites due to its high efficiency, short remediation period and controllable secondary contamination. However, the remediation efficiency is affected by the complex site factors, which leads to the uncertainty of the remediation process and energy waste. Thus, it is necessary to optimize T-SVE systems to accurately remediate the sites. In this work, a pilot site of reagent factory in Tianjin was taken as the research object to validate the model, and the T-SVE process parameters of a VOCs-contaminated sites were predicted by this simulation method. The simulation results showed that the Nash efficiency coefficient E of the measured and simulated temperature rise data in the study area was 0.885, and the linear correlation coefficient R of the measured and simulated concentrations of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene after remediation was 0.877, indicating that this simulation method is highly reliable. Based on this numerical simulation method, some parameters of the T-SVE process at the VOCs-contaminated site of an insulation plant in Harbin were simulated and optimized. Included a heating well spacing of 3.0 m, extraction pressure of 40 Kpa, extraction well influence radius of 4.35 m, extraction flow rate of 2.97 × 10-4 m3/s, and a theoretical number of 25 extraction wells (adjusted to 29 wells in practice), and the corresponding extraction well layout has been designed. The results can provide a technical reference for the future application of T-SVE in the remediation of organic-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, 310014, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Xiaodong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Qian Zhang
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Bin Wu
- Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Fujun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Qingbao Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Peng Y, Guo Y, Wu Q, Chen H, Ma C, Li C, Liu W. Hydrochemical environment of a fractured karst aquifer influenced by petroleum hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:2244-2257. [PMID: 34365599 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15661-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A fractured karst aquifer polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons (PH) for several decades was selected to study the influences of PH on the hydrochemical environment. The research was implemented using the hydrochemical indicators (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na++K+, HCO3-, NO3-, Cl-, F-, and SO42-) and PH with the help of GIS and origin platforms, statistical analyses, and graphical methods. Results showed that PH had significant influences on the hydrochemical environment over the last several decades. The main principle elements influencing the evolution processes of hydrochemical environment were carbonates dissolution, leaking wastewater, and biodegradation processes from 1977 to 2019, and hydrochemistry types changed from HCO3-Ca-Mg and HCO3-Ca to HCO3-Cl-Ca-Mg and HCO3-Cl-Ca. The contribution rate of PH biodegradation to the representative ion increased at first, then decreased over time, which has a close relationship with the variation characteristics of PH. The dynamic evolution processes of hydrochemical environment have significances for indentifying the influencing mechanisms of hydrogeochemical reactions, which could provide valuable scientific suggestions for the local administrators to take effective efforts to optimize and protect the karst groundwater environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Peng
- Research Center of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Yongli Guo
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences / Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China.
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, 541004, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences / Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR&GZAR, Guilin, 541004, Guangxi, China
- International Research Center on Karst under the Auspices of UNESCO, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Huanliang Chen
- Research Center of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Research Center of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Chuanlei Li
- Research Center of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong, 250014, Jinan, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Research Center of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Shandong Provincial Geo-mineral Engineering Exploration Institute, Shandong, 250014, Jinan, China
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