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Majumdar A, Upadhyay MK, Ojha M, Biswas R, Dey S, Sarkar S, Moulick D, Niazi NK, Rinklebe J, Huang JH, Roychowdhury T. A critical review on the organo-metal(loid)s pollution in the environment: Distribution, remediation and risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175531. [PMID: 39147056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Toxic metal(loid)s, e.g., mercury, arsenic, lead, and cadmium are known for several environmental disturbances creating toxicity to humans if accumulated in high quantities. Although not discussed critically, the organo-forms of these inorganic metal(loid)s are considered a greater risk to humans than their elemental forms possibly due to physico-chemical modulation triggering redox alterations or by the involvement of biological metabolism. This extensive review describes the chemical and physical causes of organometals and organometal(loid)s distribution in the environment with ecotoxicity assessment and potential remediation strategies. Organo forms of various metal(loid)s, such as mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), lead (Pb), tin (Sn), antimony (Sb), selenium (Se), and cadmium (Cd) have been discussed in the context of their ecotoxicity. In addition, we elaborated on the transformation, speciation and transformation pathways of these toxic metal(loid)s in soil-water-plant-microbial systems. The present review has pointed out the status of toxic organometal(loid)s, which is required to make the scientific community aware of this pressing condition of organometal(loid)s distribution in the environment. The gradual disposal and piling of organometal(loid)s in the environment demand a thorough revision of the past-present status with possible remediation strategies prescribed as reflected in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Majumdar
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom; School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Munish Kumar Upadhyay
- Centre for Environmental Science & Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Megha Ojha
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Pashan, Maharashtra 411008, India
| | - Rakesh Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, 93 Daehak-ro, Nam-gu, Ulsan, South Korea
| | - Saikat Dey
- Division of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur, Kolkata 700103, India
| | - Sukamal Sarkar
- Division of Agronomy, School of Agriculture and Rural Development, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Educational and Research Institute, Narendrapur, Kolkata 700103, India
| | - Debojyoti Moulick
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal 741235, India
| | - Nabeel Khan Niazi
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Jen-How Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Tarit Roychowdhury
- School of Environmental Studies, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
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Sultan MB, Anik AH, Rahman MM. Emerging contaminants and their potential impacts on estuarine ecosystems: Are we aware of it? MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 199:115982. [PMID: 38181468 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are becoming more prevalent in estuaries and constitute a danger to both human health and ecosystems. These pollutants can infiltrate the ecosystem and spread throughout the food chain. Because of the diversified sources and extensive human activities, estuaries are particularly susceptible to increased pollution levels. A thorough review on recent ECs (platinum group elements, pharmaceuticals and personal care products, pesticides, siloxanes, liquid crystal monomers, cationic surfactant, antibiotic resistance genes, and microplastics) in estuaries, including their incidence, detection levels, and toxic effects, was performed. The inclusion of studies from different regions highlights the global nature of this issue, with each location having its unique set of contaminants. The diverse range of contaminants detected in estuary samples worldwide underscores the intricacy of ECs. A significant drawback is the scarcity of research on the toxic mechanisms of ECs on estuarine organisms, the prospect of unidentified ECs, warrant research scopes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maisha Binte Sultan
- Laboratory of Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Amit Hasan Anik
- Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Laboratory of Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Science, Bangladesh University of Professionals (BUP), Dhaka-1216, Bangladesh; Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh.
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Chen W, Lee S, Moon HB. Cyclic and linear siloxane contamination in sediment and invertebrates around a thermal power plant in Korea: Source impact, distribution, seasonal variation, and potential for bioaccumulation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140779. [PMID: 38008296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Siloxanes have been commonly used as additives in a variety of industrial and consumer products. Media and government investigations have revealed that defoamers containing siloxanes are used in the effluent of thermal power plants in Korea. However, investigations of the source impact of siloxane contamination from the discharge of thermal power plants into coastal environments are scarce. In this study, sediment and invertebrates were collected around a thermal power plant to assess source impact, seasonal variation, and a potential for bioaccumulation. Although siloxanes were detectable in sediment and invertebrates, the spatial distribution and composition (which differed between the siloxanes found in sediment and invertebrates and those in defoamer used in the plant) suggest they were likely transported by long-distance migration as well as the discharge of thermal power plant. Seasonal differences might affect sedimentary contamination and the bioaccumulation potential of siloxanes. Specifically, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) may have limited adsorption capacity and potential for long-distance migration, as its contribution in sediment far from the coastline was greater than that of decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6). However, higher D5 accumulation in invertebrates, and D5 has a potential bioaccumulation. A molecular docking analysis showed that the binding affinity between D5 and the cytochrome enzyme in invertebrates was weaker than that with other siloxanes, which could lead to higher D5 accumulation in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan, 571158, China.
| | - Sunggyu Lee
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Kang Y, Lee S, Chen W, Moon HB. Factors determining contamination and time trends in cyclic and linear siloxanes in sediments from an industrialized lake in Korea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115817. [PMID: 38103470 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Siloxanes, widely used in various consumer and industrial products, are emerging concerns of contaminants. Despite this, limited studies have been conducted on contamination and time trends on siloxanes in coastal environments. In the present study, four cyclic and 15 linear siloxanes were measured in sediments collected from an artificial saltwater lake in Korea during 2001-2016 to investigate contamination, time trends, and ecotoxicological concerns. Cyclic siloxanes were detected in all sediment samples, whereas linear siloxanes were not frequently detected. The highest siloxane concentrations were observed in creeks passing through various industrial complexes, indicating that industrial activities predominantly contributed to siloxane contamination in coastal environments. Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) and dodecylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) were predominant siloxanes in sediments over the last two decades. Siloxane concentrations significantly increased in creek sediments from 2008 to 2016, whereas those in inshore and offshore regions significantly decreased due to a strong dilution effect by the operation of tidal power plant. This suggests that consumption patterns and coastal development activities are crucial factors determining the contamination and time trends in the sedimentary siloxanes. The sedimentary concentrations of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) and D5 exceeded several thresholds, raising the potentials for ecological risks to aquatic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Kang
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunggyu Lee
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Wenming Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands, Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province, College of Life Sciences, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, Hainan 571158, China
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Chen W, Kang YJ, Lee HK, Lee M, Moon HB. Nationwide monitoring of cyclic and linear siloxanes in sediment and bivalves from Korean coastal waters: Occurrence, geographical distribution, and bioaccumulation potential. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2022; 185:114201. [PMID: 36257246 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.114201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of coastal environments by siloxanes is of growing concern. Sediment and bivalves were collected from 50 locations along the Korean coast to assess the geographical distribution, sources, and bioaccumulation potential of siloxanes. Cyclic and linear siloxanes were detectable in all sediment and bivalve samples. The highest siloxane concentrations were detected in sediment (656 ng/g dw) and bivalves (3273 ng/g dw) from highly industrialized bays and harbor-zones, suggesting that industrial and shipping activities are major sources of siloxanes in coastal environment. The geographical distribution of siloxanes was similar in sediment and bivalves. Sedimentary siloxanes were dominated by cyclic siloxanes, while linear siloxanes were predominant in bivalves. Bioaccumulation of linear siloxanes in bivalves originated mainly from the sedimentary environment. Mean biota-sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) of seven siloxanes ranged from 1.26 to 6.03, indicating potential for bioaccumulation. This is the first report on the nationwide survey on siloxanes in Korean coastal waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenming Chen
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Yu-Jin Kang
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Kyung Lee
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Moonjin Lee
- Maritime Safety and Environmental Research Division, Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, Daejeon 34103, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Bang Moon
- Department of Marine Science and Convergence Engineering, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea.
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Jessup WH, Wiegand J, Delbridge-Perry M, MacAvoy SE, Connaughton VP. Developmental effects of siloxane exposure in zebrafish: a comparison study using laboratory-mixed and environmental water samples. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1986-2004. [PMID: 35863877 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Siloxanes are used in personal care, biomedical, and industrial products. Their worldwide use and persistence in the environment cause consistent exposure for both humans and aquatic animals. Two siloxane congeners, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5; CAS 541-02-6) and octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4; CAS 556-67-2), are among the most prevalent, with measurable levels in air, sediment, water, and biological samples. However, few studies have examined the impact of developmental (embryo/larva) exposure. To address this gap, we performed parallel experiments using wildtype zebrafish (Danio rerio). One set of experiments used laboratory-mixed individual solutions containing either D4, D5, or 2,4,6,8-tetramethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4 H ; CAS 2370-88-9); the other used environmental water samples containing a mixture of siloxanes, including D4 and D5. These samples were collected from Bladensburg Waterfront Park (BWP) a site along the Anacostia River, Washington, DC. In both experiments, zebrafish (24-48 hours postfertilization, hpf) were exposed until 7 or 14 days (d)pf. Chronic exposure to D4, D5, or BWP water until 7 dpf caused stress-like behaviors and reduced swim velocities; anatomical differences were noted only in BWP-exposed larvae. At 14 dpf, BWP-treated larvae still showed slower swimming velocities and increased immobility; anatomical differences were no longer evident and thigmotactic behavior was reduced. D4 and D5-exposed larvae did not survive after 10 dpf. Larvae exposed to D4 H showed no decreases in behavior or growth at either age. These results suggest early developmental sensitivity to siloxane exposure and point to the need to consider embryonic/larval endpoints when assessing aquatic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna Wiegand
- Departments of Environmental Science, American University, Washington, DC
| | | | - Stephen E MacAvoy
- Departments of Environmental Science, American University, Washington, DC
| | - Victoria P Connaughton
- Departments of Biology, American University, Washington, DC.,Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC
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