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Cui X, You J, Liao K, Ding L, Hu H, Ren H. Carbon Source in Tertiary Denitrification Regulates Dissolved Organic Nitrogen in Wastewater Effluent. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4648-4661. [PMID: 38324528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
With global eutrophication and increasingly stringent nitrogen discharge restrictions, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) holds considerable potential to upgrade advanced wastewater denitrification because of its large contribution to low-nitrogen effluents and stronger stimulation effect for algae. Here, we show that DON from the postdenitrification systems dominates effluent eutrophication potential under different carbon sources. Methanol resulted in significantly lower DON concentrations (0.84 ± 0.03 mg/L) compared with the total nitrogen removal-preferred acetate (1.11 ± 0.02 mg/L) (p < 0.05, ANOVA). With our well-developed mathematical model (R2 = 0.867-0.958), produced DON instead of shared (persist in both influent and effluent) and/or removed DON was identified as the key component for effluent DON variation (Pearson r = 0.992, p < 0.01). The partial least-squares path modeling analysis showed that it is the microbial community (r = 0.947, p < 0.01) rather than the predicted metabolic functions (r = 0.040, p > 0.1) that affected produced DON. Carbon sources rebuild the microorganism-DON interaction by affecting the structure of microbial communities with different abilities to generate and recapture produced DON to finally regulate effluent DON. This study revalues the importance of carbon source selection and overturns the current rationality of pursuing only the total nitrogen removal efficiency by emphasizing DON.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Jiaqian You
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Kewei Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Lili Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Haidong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Hongqiang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
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Abulaiti A, She D, Pan Y, Shi Z, Hu L, Huang X, Shan J, Xia Y. Drainage ditches are significant sources of indirect N 2O emissions regulated by available carbon to nitrogen substrates in salt-affected farmlands. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 251:121164. [PMID: 38246078 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is a main source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. In agricultural systems, direct N2O emissions from nitrogen (N) addition to soils have been widely investigated, whereas indirect emissions from aquatic ecosystems such as ditches are poorly known, with insufficient data available to refine the IPCC emission factor. In this contribution, in situ N2O emissions from two ditch water‒air interfaces based on a diffusion model were investigated (almost once per month) from June 2021 to December 2022 in an intensive arable catchment with high N inputs and salt-affected conditions in the Qingtongxia Irrigation District, northwestern China. Our results implied that agricultural ditches (mean 148 μg N m-2 h-1) were significant sources for N2O emissions, and were approximately 2.1 times greater than those of the Yellow River directly connected to ditches. Agronomic management strategies increased N2O fluxes in summer, while precipitation events decreased N2O fluxes. Agronomic management strategies, including fertilization (294--540 kg N hm-2) and irrigation on farmland, resulted in enhanced diffuse N loads in drain water, whereas precipitation diluted the dissolved N2O concentration in ditches and accelerated the ditch flow rate, leading to changes in the residence time of N-containing substances in water. The spatial analysis showed that N2O fluxes (202-233 μg N m-2 h-1) in the headstream and upstream regions of ditches due to livestock and aquaculture pollution sources were relatively high compared to those in the midstream and downstream regions (100-114 μg N m-2 h-1). Furthermore, high available carbon (C) relative to N reduced N2O fluxes at low DOC:DIN ratio levels by inhibiting nitrification. Spatiotemporal variations in the N2O emission factor (EF5) across ditches with higher N resulted in lower EF5 and a large coefficient of variation (CV) range. EF5 was 0.0011 for the ditches in this region, while the EF5 (0.0025) currently adopted by the IPCC is relatively high. The EF5 variation was strongly controlled by the DOC:DIN ratio, TN, and NO3--N, while salinity was also a nonnegligible factor regulating the EF5 variation. The regression model incorporating NO3--N and the DOC:DIN ratio could greatly enhance the predictions of EF5 for agricultural ditches. Our study filled a key knowledge gap regarding EF5 from agricultural ditches in salt-affected farmland and offered a field investigation for refining the EF5 currently used by the IPCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alimu Abulaiti
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil‒Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Dongli She
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; College of Soil and Water Conservation, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China.
| | - Yongchun Pan
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil‒Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Zhenqi Shi
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil‒Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Lei Hu
- Jiangsu Surveying and Design Institute of Water Resources Co., Ltd., Yangzhou 225002, China
| | - Xuan Huang
- College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil‒Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Jun Shan
- Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongqiu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
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Zeng M, Li Z, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xia X, Gao S, Song G. Efficient rural sewage treatment with manganese sand-pyrite soil infiltration systems: Performance, mechanisms, and emissions reduction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130021. [PMID: 37979887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The application of soil infiltration systems (SISs) in rural domestic sewage (RDS) is limited due to suboptimal denitrification resulting from factors such as low C/N (<5). This study introduced filler-enhanced SISs and investigated parameter impacts on pollutant removal efficiency and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction. The results showed that Mn sand-pyrite SISs, with hydraulic load ratios of 0.003 m3/m2·h and dry-wet ratios of 3:1, achieved excellent removal efficiency of COD (92.7 %), NH4+-N (95.8 %), and TN (76.4 %). Moreover, N2O and CH4 emission flux were 0.046 and 0.019 mg/m2·d, respectively. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the relative concentrations of Mn(Ⅱ) in Mn sand and Fe(Ⅲ) and SO42- in pyrite increased after the experiment. High-throughput sequencing indicated that denitrification was mainly performed by Thiobacillus. This study demonstrated that RDS treatment using the enhanced SIS resulted in efficient denitrification and GHG reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Zeng
- Innovation Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, TCARE & Jiashan, Jiaxing 314100, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Zhanfeng Li
- China Construction Eco-environmental Group Co., LTD, Beijing 100070 China
| | - Yongli Liu
- Innovation Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, TCARE & Jiashan, Jiaxing 314100, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Innovation Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, TCARE & Jiashan, Jiaxing 314100, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xunfeng Xia
- Innovation Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, TCARE & Jiashan, Jiaxing 314100, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shengwang Gao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangqing Song
- Innovation Institute of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality, TCARE & Jiashan, Jiaxing 314100, China; Technical Centre for Soil, Agriculture and Rural Ecology and Environment, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Beijing 100084, China.
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Zheng H, Chai H, Zhao L, Liao Y, Cao X, Feng L, Ji F. Pretreatment of septic tank wastewater by packed anaerobic baffled reactor: Pollutant degradation and microbial community succession in different compartments. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 223:115475. [PMID: 36773635 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) is widely used in rural sewage treatment due to its unique structure, strong impact load resistance, and low energy consumption. However, there is a lack of research on pollutant degradation patterns and microbial community succession patterns in each compartment of ABR. In this study, a packed anaerobic baffled reactor (PABR) was constructed. The effects of T and HRT on the pollutant removal performance of PABR were investigated, and the pollutant degradation and microbial community succession in different compartments of PABR were studied. The results show that the removal rates of COD, NH4+-N, and TN of PABR can reach 85.54 ± 1.08%, 16.94 ± 1.01%, and 5.64 ± 1.18% respectively, and PABR has a good pollutant removal effect. With the extension of HRT, the COD removal rate of PABR increases steadily, and the NH4+-N and TN removal rate of PABR increases to a certain extent. The recommended HRT is 72 h. T has a significant impact on the COD removal effect of PABR. The increase of T in a certain range is conducive to the removal of pollutants by PABR. The COD removal rate of PABR decreases gradually along the flow direction, and the removal of organic matter is mainly concentrated in the first compartment. PABR has good removal capacity for CODss and better nitrogen removal capacity compared with traditional ABR. The richness and diversity of the microbial community in PABR increased gradually along the flow direction. The bacterial species in each compartment were similar but the proportion was different, showing the characteristics of multi-stage and separated phase operation. This study provides a new reference for the application of ABR in rural sewage treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zheng
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - HongXiang Chai
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Liuwei Zhao
- China Southwest Architectural Design and Research Institute Corp., Ltd, 866 North Section of Tianfu Avenue, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Yong Liao
- Dongfang Electric Machinery Co., Ltd., Deyang, 618000, China
| | - Xuekang Cao
- China Municipal Engineering Southwest Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 266000, China
| | - Lihua Feng
- Chengdu Engineering Consulting Co., Ltd., Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Fangying Ji
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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Duan H, Wang H, Li S, Shen W, Zhuang Y, Zhang F, Li X, Zhai L, Liu H, Zhang L. Potential to mitigate nitrogen emissions from paddy runoff: A microbiological perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161306. [PMID: 36592915 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ditches and ponds are the basic units of agroecosystems that serve irrigation and drainage and also perform the natural ecological function of reducing nitrogen (N) emissions. To better enhance the design and advance management strategies in the paddy field ecosystem to minimize N emission, the N cycling microorganism in the paddy field ecosystem including interconnected fields with rice-wheat rotation, ditches, and ponds in central China was investigated by metagenomic techniques. Our results showed that ditches and ponds may be N removal hotspots by microorganisms in the rice and wheat seasons respectively. Given seasonal variation, the abundance of N-related microorganisms was high during the rice season. However, the Shannon and Simpson indices were lower and the microbial co-occurrence network was destabilized, which could make microbes in the rice season fragile and sensitive. Phytoplankton as key environmental factors affecting the N cycling microbial could promote more stable microbial communities through maintaining a good mutualistic symbiosis. While high algae concentration significantly promotes the abundance of norB than nosZ (P < 0.05), which may result in more N2O production. To trade off N removal and N2O emission, the algae concentration needs to be controlled. Our findings provide a systematic profile of N-related microorganisms in the paddy field ecosystem, and it would benefit in developing effective strategies for limiting N pollution in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Duan
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Haodong Wang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430078, China.
| | - Sisi Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Wangzheng Shen
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yanhua Zhuang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Fulin Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Soil and Fertilizer Sciences, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China.
| | - Xudong Li
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Limei Zhai
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Hongbin Liu
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Non-Point Source Pollution Control, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430077, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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