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Wang Z, Wang G, Li Y, Zhang Z. Determinants of carbon sequestration in thinned forests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175540. [PMID: 39151612 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Given global climate change and the projected increases in the greenhouse effect, enhancing the carbon storage capacity of forest ecosystems is especially critical. To fully realize the potential carbon sequestration, it is imperative to understand the drivers affecting carbon storage in forest ecosystems, particularly with disturbances that disrupt existing balance. In this study, we explored the effects of stem-only harvest at various thinning intensities on forest structure and carbon density in middle-aged natural secondary forests, located in the northern temperate zone. Carbon density included aboveground carbon density (ACD), soil organic carbon stocks (SOCD), and total carbon density (TCD), which was the sum of ACD and SOCD. We employed the random forest analysis method to identify significant variables influencing changes in carbon density. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was then used to determine the drivers of changes in forest carbon density. The results showed that moderate thinning (20 %-35 % trees removed), is an effective management practice for increasing the TCD in forests. Although heavy thinning (35.1 %-59.9 % trees removed) accelerated individual growth, it did not fully offset the carbon removed due to thinning. It is noteworthy that light thinning (0-19.9 % trees removed) not only reduced the species richness but also caused a significant number of tree deaths. Large live trees were an important direct determining factor of ACD, but not the only one. In addition, thinning indirectly influenced ACD by reducing canopy density and deformed tree density. The increase in dead tree density had an adverse impact on SOCD, and this phenomenon increased with the passage of recovery time. Conversely, greater thinning intensity enhanced SOCD. Moreover, TCD was directly influenced by tree height, large live trees, and stand density. Furthermore, thinning altered the conifer ratio, thereby influencing tree growth and indirectly controlling the TCD. We believe that this knowledge will be highly beneficial for successful forest management and enhancing the carbon sequestration capacity of forest ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichun Wang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Department of Forest Resources Management, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Guangyu Wang
- Department of Forest Resources Management, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yaoxiang Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Zheyu Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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Cui L, Shi J, Xiao F. Change and relationship between growing season metrics and net primary productivity in forestland and grassland in China. CARBON BALANCE AND MANAGEMENT 2023; 18:26. [PMID: 38129703 PMCID: PMC10740267 DOI: 10.1186/s13021-023-00245-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vegetation phenology can characterize ecosystem functions and plays a key role in the dynamics of plant productivity. Here we investigated the changes in growing season metrics (start of growing season, SOS; end of growing season, EOS; length of growing season, LOS) and their relationships with net primary productivity (NPP) in forestland and grassland in China during 1981-2016. RESULTS SOS advanced, EOS delayed, LOS prolonged and NPP increased significantly in 23.7%, 21.0%, 40.5% and 19.9% of the study areas, with an average rate of 3.9 days decade-1, 3.3 days·decade-1, 6.7 days·decade-1 and 10.7 gC m-2·decade-1, respectively. The changes in growing season metrics were obvious in Northwest China (NWC) and North China (NC), but the least in Northeast China (NEC). NPP was negatively correlated with SOS and positively correlated with EOS and LOS in 22.0%, 16.3% and 22.8% of the study areas, respectively, and the correlation between NPP and growing season metrics was strong in NWC, NC and Southwest China (SWC), but weak in NEC and South China (SC). CONCLUSION The advanced SOS, delayed EOS and prolonged LOS all contribute to the increased NPP in forestland and grassland in China, especially in NWC, NC and SWC. This study also highlights the need to further study the response of NPP to growing season changes in different regions and under the influence of multiple factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Cui
- Shanghai Ecological Forecasting and Remote Sensing Center, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Jun Shi
- Shanghai Ecological Forecasting and Remote Sensing Center, Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Qingpu Meteorological Station of Shanghai, Shanghai, 201700, China.
| | - Fengjin Xiao
- National Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China
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Li P, Rana S, Zhang M, Jin C, Tian K, Liu Z, Li Z, Cai Q, Geng X, Wang Y. An investigation of the growth status of 19-year-old Idesia polycarpa 'Yuji' plantation forest in the mountainous region of Henan, China. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19716. [PMID: 37809978 PMCID: PMC10559007 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Plantation forests play an important role in the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Idesia polycarpa Maxim is an emerging woody oil tree species in most Asian countries. The 19-year-old Idesia polycarpa 'Yuji' plantation forest was selected as a sample site. The nutrient contents of the understory soil total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), nitrate nitrogen (NN), organic carbon (OC), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), and pH were analyzed. Several metrics were measured to quantify the growth status of the forest, such as tree heights (H), clear bole heights (CBH), diameters at breast height (DBH), and male-to-female ratios (MFR). In addition, we harvested the fruits to analyze oil content and fatty acid composition. The results found that the nutrient content of the soil was TC (4.93%), TN (0.42%), NN (43.08 mg kg-1), OC (4.90 g kg-1), AP (13.66 mg kg-1), AK (30.48 mg kg-1), and pH (7.90). The growth characteristics were H (11.75 m), DBH (12.79 cm), and CBH (6.17 m). The MFR was close to 1:1. Besides, the oil content of the fruit and unsaturated fatty acids was 24.08% and 68.49%, respectively. As an alternative tree species, the plantation of Idesia polycarpa offers great potential in artificial afforestation in some particular places with specific forest site conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mengxing Zhang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Chao Jin
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Kaixin Tian
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Qifei Cai
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Xiaodong Geng
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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Huang J, Chen Q, Wang Q, Gao J, Yin Y, Guo H. Future carbon storages of ecosystem based on land use change and carbon sequestration practices in a large economic belt. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90924-90935. [PMID: 37464211 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28555-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Assessments of ecosystem carbon storage are needed to form the scientific basis for carbon policies. Due to lack of data, there are few accurate, large-scale, and long-term predictions of ecosystem carbon storage. This study used the Distributed Land-Use Change Prediction (DLUCP) model with ten socioeconomic and two climate change scenarios for a total of 20 combinations that take into account population increase, technology innovation, climate change, and Grain for Green Project to make high-resolution predictions of land use change in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Low and high carbon sequestration practices were considered to predict future carbon densities. Land use change data, carbon densities data, and the InVEST model were used to predict changes in ecosystem carbon storage from now to 2070. The results show a slight increase (1.88-4.17%) in carbon storage in the study area only based on land use change. Grain for Green Project has the largest impact on carbon storage among population increase, technology innovation, climate scenarios, and Grain for Green Project, which increases carbon storage by 4.17%. After the implementation of carbon sequestration practices, there is an increase in carbon storages from 28.51 to 56.77% in the study area from now to 2070, and increasing carbon storages of forest in each stream and carbon storage of cropland in downstream are efficient ways to achieve carbon neutralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qingrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiameng Gao
- College of Information Sciences and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Joint International Research Centre for Critical Zone Science by University of Leeds and Nanjing University, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
- Technology Innovation Center for Ecological Monitoring & Restoration Project on Land (arable), Ministry of Natural Resources, Geological Survey of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210018, China.
- Quanzhou Institute for Environment Protection Industry, Nanjing University, Quanzhou, 362000, China.
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Yang D, Luan W, Li Y, Zhang Z, Tian C. Multi-scenario simulation of land use and land cover based on shared socioeconomic pathways: The case of coastal special economic zones in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117536. [PMID: 36848806 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Urban land-use change simulations without considering the sustainable planning policies, especially in special economic park highly concerned by planners, might lack the reliability and availability. Thus, this study proposes a novel planning support systems integrating the Cellular Automata Markov chain model and Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (CA-Markov-SSPs) for predicting the changing of land use and land cover (LULC) at the local and system level by using a novel machine learning-driven, multi-source spatial data modelling framework. Using multi-source satellite data of coastal special economic zones from 2000 to 2020 as a sample, calibration validation based on the kappa indicates a highest average reliability above 0.96 from 2015 to 2020, and the cultivated land and built-up land classes of LULC is the most significant changes in 2030 by using the transition matrix of probabilities, the other classes except water bodies continue to increase. And the non-sustainable development scenario can be prevented by the multiple level collaboration of socio-economic factors. This research intended to help decision makers to confine irrational urban expansion and achieve the sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Dalian Maritime University, College of Shipping Economics and Management, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Weixi Luan
- Dalian Maritime University, College of Shipping Economics and Management, Dalian, 116026, China.
| | - Yue Li
- Dalian Maritime University, College of Shipping Economics and Management, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Zhenchao Zhang
- Dalian Maritime University, College of Shipping Economics and Management, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Chuang Tian
- Dalian Maritime University, College of Shipping Economics and Management, Dalian, 116026, China
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Wei X, Song W, Shao Y, Cai X. Progress of Ecological Restoration Research Based on Bibliometric Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:520. [PMID: 36612842 PMCID: PMC9819557 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
With the deterioration of the global/regional ecological environment, ecological restoration plays an important role in sustainable development. However, due to the differences in research methods, objectives, and perspectives, the research results are highly diverse. This makes it necessary to sort the publications related to ecological restoration, clarify the research status, grasp the research hotspots, and predict the future research trends. Here, 23,755 articles from the core database of Web of Science were retrieved, and bibliometric analysis was carried out to understand the global ecological restoration research progress from 1990 to 2022 from a macro perspective, with the aim to determine the future development direction. The results are as follows. (1) From 1990 to 2022, the number of publications in the field of ecological restoration constantly increased, and the fluctuation of the average annual citations increased. The most important articles were published in high-ranking journals. (2) Ecological restoration covers a wide range of research areas, including biodiversity, ecosystem services, climate change, land use, and ecological restoration theories and technologies. The four main hotspots in this field are heavy metal removal, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen concentrations, grassland ecological restoration, and evaluation framework and modeling of ecological restoration's effects. Currently, studies focus on river basin remediation, heavy metal removal, and forest restoration. (3) Future ecological restoration research should strengthen the multi-object aspect and multi-scale ecological restoration research, improve the ecological restoration effect evaluation system, and incorporate social and economic issues. This study identified current research hotspots and predicted potential future research directions, providing a scientific reference for future studies in the field of ecological restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Wei Song
- Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Hebei Collaborative Innovation Center for Urban-Rural Integration Development, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
| | - Ya Shao
- School of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
| | - Xiangwen Cai
- School of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541000, China
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Ma X, Wu L, Zhu Y, Wu J, Qin Y. Simulation of Vegetation Carbon Sink of Arbor Forest and Carbon Mitigation of Forestry Bioenergy in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13507. [PMID: 36294087 PMCID: PMC9603204 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitigating carbon emissions through forest carbon sinks is one of the nature-based solutions to global warming. Forest ecosystems play a role as a carbon sink and an important source of bioenergy. China's forest ecosystems have significantly contributed to mitigating carbon emissions. However, there are relatively limited quantitative studies on the carbon mitigation effects of forestry bioenergy in China, so this paper simulated the carbon sequestration of Chinese arbor forest vegetation from 2018 to 2060 based on the CO2FIX model and accounted for the carbon emission reduction brought about by substituting forestry bioenergy for fossil energy, which is important for the formulation of policies to tackle climate change in the Chinese forestry sector. The simulation results showed that the carbon storage of all arbor forest vegetation in China increased year by year from 2018 to 2060, and, overall, it behaved as a carbon sink, with the annual carbon sink fluctuating in the region of 250 MtC/a. For commercial forests that already existed in 2018, the emission reduction effected by substituting forestry bioenergy for fossil energy was significant. The average annual carbon reduction in terms of bioenergy by using traditional and improved stoves reached 36.1 and 69.3 MtC/a, respectively. Overall, for China's existing arbor forests, especially commercial forests, forestry bioenergy should be utilized more efficiently to further exploit its emission reduction potential. For future newly planted forests in China, new afforestation should focus on ecological public welfare forests, which are more beneficial as carbon sinks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Ma
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
- Regional Planning and Development Center, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Leying Wu
- Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Yongbin Zhu
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Institutes of Science and Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yaochen Qin
- College of Geography and Environmental Science, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Laboratory of Geospatial Technology for the Middle and Lower Yellow River Regions (Henan University), Ministry of Education, Kaifeng 475004, China
- Key Research Institute of Yellow River Civilization and Sustainable Development & Collaborative Innovation Center on Yellow River Civilization, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
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Spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of net primary production in the terrestrial ecosystem of the Dajiuhu Basin, China, between 1990 and 2018. ECOL INFORM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2022.101839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Xia F, Yang Y, Zhang S, Yang Y, Li D, Sun W, Xie Y. Influencing factors of the supply-demand relationships of carbon sequestration and grain provision in China: Does land use matter the most? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:154979. [PMID: 35378181 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The provision of ecosystem services (ESs) such as carbon sequestration and grain provision are critical components to sustainable development. Reaching carbon neutrality generally requires the growing carbon sequestration of forest land, and feeding a growing population needs an expansion of cultivated land. However, limited land resources may lead to a contradiction between the carbon sequestration and grain provision. China has proposed long-term and large-scale land use programs, and exploring whether these land use policies are effective for ES sustainable provision would be instructive for future policy implications. This study integrated multi-source data in the socioecological dimension to determine the extent by which land use and land use change influence the supply-demand mismatches of carbon (carbon sequestration and emission) and grain (grain provision and consumption) in China at the provincial level. The result showed that the total quantity of carbon emissions surpassed carbon sequestration and the grain provision could cover the consumption from 2000 to 2015. Spatially, southeastern coastal provinces had higher grain deficits and northeast provinces had higher carbon deficits. This study further detected the influencing factors of the mismatches between the supply and demand of the two ESs. Excluding land use factors, our results showed that social factors contributed 38% and 47% to the supply-demand mismatches of carbon and grain, respectively, and natural factors contributed 39% and 15%, respectively. During 2000-2005, 2005-2010, and 2010-2015, cropland changes significantly affected grain balance, while forest land changes did not significantly affect carbon balance. These results indicated that cropland protections are vital to food safety, and carbon emission reductions should be the focus for carbon balance. Finally, this study makes policy suggestions for land use and ecosystem management, and a future research framework was proposed to help mitigate ES supply-demand imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xia
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
| | - Yixuan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
| | - Shiqin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
| | - Yixuan Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
| | - Dehuan Li
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
| | - Wei Sun
- Tongji Urban Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd, 2 Zhongshan North Road, Shanghai, PR China.
| | - Yujing Xie
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, 2005 Songhu Road, Shanghai 200438, PR China.
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