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Santhappan JS, Kalaiselvan N, Assis SM, Amjith LR, Glivin G, Mathimani T. Origin, types, and contribution of emerging pollutants to environmental degradation and their remediation by physical and chemical techniques. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119369. [PMID: 38848998 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The growing presence of emerging pollutants (EPs) in aquatic environments, as well as their harmful impacts on the biosphere and humans, has become a global concern. Recent developments and advancements in pharmaceuticals, agricultural practices, industrial activities, and human personal care substances have paved the way for drastic changes in EP concentrations and impacts on the ecosystem. As a result, it is critical to mitigate EP's harmful effects before they jeopardize the ecological equilibrium of the overall ecosystem and the sustainable existence of life on Earth. This review comprehensively documented the types, origins, and remediation strategies of EPs, and underscored the significance of this study in the current context. We briefly stated the major classification of EPs based on their organic and inorganic nature. Furthermore, this review systematically evaluates the occurrence of EPs due to the fast-changing ecological scenarios and their impact on human health. Recent studies have critically discussed the emerging physical and chemical processes for EP removal, highlighting the limitations of conventional remediation technologies. We reviewed and presented the challenges associated with EP remediation and degradation using several methods, including physical and chemical methods, with the application of recent technologies. The EP types and various methods discussed in this review help the researchers understand the nature of present-day EPs and utilize an efficient method of choice for EP removal and management in the future for sustainable life and development activities on the planet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sekhar Santhappan
- College of Engineering and Technology, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Musandam, Oman
| | - Narasimman Kalaiselvan
- Technology Information Forecasting and Assessment Council (TIFAC), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shan M Assis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Musaliar College of Engineering and Technology, Pathanamthitta, Kerala, 689653, India
| | - L R Amjith
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Marian Engineering College, Kazhakuttom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695582, Kerala, India
| | - Godwin Glivin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sree Chitra Thirunal College of Engineering, Pappanamcode, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695018, India
| | - Thangavel Mathimani
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam; School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Viet Nam.
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2
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Navarro I, de la Torre A, Sanz P, Abrantes N, Campos I, Alaoui A, Christ F, Alcon F, Contreras J, Glavan M, Pasković I, Pasković MP, Nørgaard T, Mandrioli D, Sgargi D, Hofman J, Aparicio V, Baldi I, Bureau M, Vested A, Harkes P, Huerta-Lwanga E, Mol H, Geissen V, Silva V, Martínez MÁ. Assessing pesticide residues occurrence and risks in water systems: A Pan-European and Argentina perspective. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 254:121419. [PMID: 38484551 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Freshwater ecosystems face a particularly high risk of biodiversity loss compared to marine and terrestrial systems. The use of pesticides in agricultural fields is recognized as a relevant stressor for freshwater environments, exerting a negative impact worldwide on the overall status and health of the freshwater communities. In the present work, part of the Horizon 2020 funded SPRINT project, the occurrence of 193 pesticide residues was investigated in 64 small water bodies of distinct typology (creeks, streams, channels, ditches, rivers, lakes, ponds and reservoirs), located in regions with high agricultural activity in 10 European countries and in Argentina. Mixtures of pesticide residues were detected in all water bodies (20, median; 8-40 min-max). Total pesticide levels found ranged between 6.89 and 5860 ng/L, highlighting herbicides as the dominant type of pesticides. Glyphosate was the compound with the highest median concentration followed by 2,4-D and MCPA, and in a lower degree by dimethomorph, fluopicolide, prothioconazole and metolachlor(-S). Argentina was the site with the highest total pesticide concentration in water bodies followed by The Netherlands, Portugal and France. One or more pesticides exceeded the threshold values established in the European Water Framework Directive for surface water in 9 out of 11 case study sites (CSS), and the total pesticide concentration surpassed the reference value of 500 ng/L in 8 CSS. Although only 5 % (bifenthrin, dieldrin, fipronil sulfone, permethrin, and terbutryn) of the individual pesticides denoted high risk (RQ > 1), the ratios estimated for pesticide mixtures suggested potential environmental risk in the aquatic compartment studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Navarro
- Unit of POPs and Emerging Pollutants in Environment, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Adrián de la Torre
- Unit of POPs and Emerging Pollutants in Environment, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Sanz
- Unit of POPs and Emerging Pollutants in Environment, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nelson Abrantes
- CESAM and Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Isabel Campos
- CESAM and Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Abdallah Alaoui
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Florian Christ
- Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Francisco Alcon
- Department of Business Economics, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
| | - Josefina Contreras
- Department Agricultural Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Spain
| | - Matjaž Glavan
- Agronomy Department, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Pasković
- Department of Agriculture and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Porec, Croatia
| | - Marija Polić Pasković
- Department of Agriculture and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Porec, Croatia
| | - Trine Nørgaard
- Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Daniele Mandrioli
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Centre, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daria Sgargi
- Cesare Maltoni Cancer Research Centre, Ramazzini Institute, Bologna, Italy
| | - Jakub Hofman
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, the Czech Republic
| | - Virginia Aparicio
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isabelle Baldi
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Mathilde Bureau
- University of Bordeaux, INSERM, BPH, U1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Vested
- Department of Public Health - Unit for Environment, Occupation, and Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Paula Harkes
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Esperanza Huerta-Lwanga
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Hans Mol
- Wageningen Food Safety Research - Part of Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Violette Geissen
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Vera Silva
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - María Ángeles Martínez
- Unit of POPs and Emerging Pollutants in Environment, Department of Environment, CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
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3
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Cooke AK, Willkommen S, Broda S. Analysing agricultural plant protection product concentrations in groundwater in Germany: Nationwide database with site and compound insights. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 248:118231. [PMID: 38301764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Pesticides from agricultural practices are among the most pressing reasons why groundwater sources do not reach the good chemical status standards as required by the European Water Framework directive. Complementary to previous federal pesticide reports, we analysed groundwater-monitoring data from 13 German Länder assembled in a database consisting of 26.192 groundwater measuring sites sampled between 1973 and 2021 of in total 521 parent compounds and metabolites. This study focuses on agricultural plant protection products. The monitored substance spectrum and site density developed over time and differs between Länder. More than 95 % of all samples lie below the respective (multiple) limits of quantification (LOQ). We thus report the frequency of exceedance above concentration thresholds, which allows to compare measurements temporally and spatially. Pesticide detections were found in all aquifer types, land uses and well screen depths. Most detections of higher concentrations were found in agricultural areas, at shallow screen depth in porous aquifers. Karst aquifers showed also a higher percentage of samples in higher concentration classes. Metabolites with high mobility and persistence were found in higher concentration ranges. Herbicides and metabolites thereof dominate the top 20 of pesticides that most frequently exceed 0.1 μg L-1. The ranking for 2010-2019 includes both authorised and banned compounds and their occurrence is discussed in the context of their mobility, persistence and underlying monitoring density. Yearly exceedance frequencies above 0.05, 0.1 μg L-1 and higher thresholds of metazachlor and its esa-metabolite, and national sales data of the parent compound did not show a temporal correlation in subsequent years. This study stresses the need for the harmonisation of heterogeneous pesticide data. Further, a characterisation of the groundwater data used to analyse pesticide occurrence in selected concentration ranges for relevant site factors and compound properties and provides a pesticide ranking based on exceedance frequencies is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Karin Cooke
- Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Wilhelmstraße 25-30, 13593, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sandra Willkommen
- Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Wilhelmstraße 25-30, 13593, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Broda
- Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources, Wilhelmstraße 25-30, 13593, Berlin, Germany
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Sarker A, Shin WS, Masud MAA, Nandi R, Islam T. A critical review of sustainable pesticide remediation in contaminated sites: Research challenges and mechanistic insights. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122940. [PMID: 37984475 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Incidental pesticide application on farmlands can result in contamination of off-target biota, soil, groundwater, and surrounding ecosystems. To manage these pesticide contaminations sustainably, it is important to utilize advanced approaches to pesticide decontamination. This review assesses various innovative strategies applied for remediating pesticide-contaminated sites, including physical, chemical, biological, and nanoremediation. Integrated remediation approaches appear to be more effective than singular technologies. Bioremediation and chemical remediation are considered suitable and sustainable strategies for decontaminating contaminated soils. Furthermore, this study highlights key mechanisms underlying advanced pesticide remediation that have not been systematically studied. The transformation of applied pesticides into metabolites through various biotic and chemical triggering factors is well documented. Ex-situ and in-situ technologies are the two main categories employed for pesticide remediation. However, when selecting a remediation technique, it is important to consider factors such as application sites, cost-effectiveness, and specific purpose. In this review, the sustainability of existing pesticide remediation strategies is thoroughly analyzed as a pioneering effort. Additionally, the study summarizes research uncertainties and technical challenges associated with different remediation approaches. Lastly, specific recommendations and policy advocacy are suggested to enhance contemporary remediation approaches for cleaning up pesticide-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Sarker
- Residual Chemical Assessment Division, Department of Agro-Food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeollabuk-do 55356, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won Sik Shin
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Md Abdullah Al Masud
- School of Architecture, Civil, Environmental and Energy Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rakhi Nandi
- Bangladesh Academy for Rural Development (BARD), Kotbari, Cumilla, Bangladesh.
| | - Tofazzal Islam
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh.
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5
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Kondor AC, Vancsik AV, Bauer L, Szabó L, Szalai Z, Jakab G, Maász G, Pedrosa M, Sampaio MJ, Lado Ribeiro AR. Efficiency of the bank filtration for removing organic priority substances and contaminants of emerging concern: A critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122795. [PMID: 37918769 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
With growing concerns regarding the ecological and human risks of organic micropollutants (OMPs) in water, much effort has been devoted worldwide to establishing quality standards and compiling candidate and watch lists. Although bank filtration is recognized as an efficient natural water treatment in the removal of contaminants such as OMPs, the increase in exploitation requires continuous assessment of removal efficiency. This review aims to provide a critical overview of bank filtration (BF) reports on more than a hundred priority substances (PSs) and compounds of emerging concern (CECs) listed in the relevant European Union regulations. Field- and lab-scale studies analyzing the removal efficiency and its variance of individual OMPs and biological indicators using BF and the main influencing factors and their interactions, shortcomings, and future challenges are discussed in this review. The removal efficiency of EU-relevant contaminants by BF has been comprehensively investigated for only a few pollutants listed in the environmental EU regulations: pharmaceutically active compounds, (e.g., the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac, some antibiotics (e.g., sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim)), a few pesticides (e.g., atrazine), and faecal indicators such as Escherichia coli. In many cases, the measured concentrations of PSs and CECs have not been published numerically, which hinders comprehensive statistical analysis. Although BF is one of the most cost-effective and efficient water treatments, present field and lab studies have demonstrated the diversity of site-specific factors affecting its efficiency. Even in the case of substances known to be removed by BF, the efficiency rates can vary with environmental and anthropogenic factors (e.g., hydrogeological parameters and the contamination level of infiltrating water) and abstraction well parameters (e.g., the depth, distance, and pumping volume). The published removal rate variations and influencing factors often reflect the research design (field or lab-scale), which can lead to ambiguities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attila Csaba Kondor
- Geographical Institute, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; HUN-REN CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary
| | - Anna Viktória Vancsik
- Geographical Institute, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; HUN-REN CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary
| | - László Bauer
- Geographical Institute, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; HUN-REN CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary
| | - Lili Szabó
- Geographical Institute, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; HUN-REN CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary; Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Szalai
- Geographical Institute, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; HUN-REN CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary; Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gergely Jakab
- Geographical Institute, HUN-REN Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, Budaörsi út 45, Budapest H-1112, Hungary; HUN-REN CSFK, MTA Centre of Excellence, Budapest, Konkoly Thege Miklós út 15-17, H-1121, Hungary; Department of Environmental and Landscape Geography, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, Budapest H-1117, Hungary.
| | - Gábor Maász
- Soós Ernő Research and Development Center, University of Pannonia, Zrínyi Miklós utca 18, Nagykanizsa H-8800, Hungary
| | - Marta Pedrosa
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Sampaio
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Lado Ribeiro
- LSRE-LCM - Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering - Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE - Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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6
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Fernández-Martínez M, Barquín J, Bonada N, Cantonati M, Churro C, Corbera J, Delgado C, Dulsat-Masvidal M, Garcia G, Margalef O, Pascual R, Peñuelas J, Preece C, Sabater F, Seiler H, Zamora-Marín JM, Romero E. Mediterranean springs: Keystone ecosystems and biodiversity refugia threatened by global change. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2024; 30:e16997. [PMID: 37937346 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.16997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean spring ecosystems are unique habitats at the interface between surface water and groundwater. These ecosystems support a remarkable array of biodiversity and provide important ecological functions and ecosystem services. Spring ecosystems are influenced by abiotic, biotic, and anthropogenic factors such as the lithology of their draining aquifers, their climate, and the land use of their recharge area, all of which affect the water chemistry of the aquifer and the spring discharges. One of the most relevant characteristics of spring ecosystems is the temporal stability of environmental conditions, including physicochemical features of the spring water, across seasons and years. This stability allows a wide range of species to benefit from these ecosystems (particularly during dry periods), fostering an unusually high number of endemic species. However, global change poses important threats to these freshwater ecosystems. Changes in temperature, evapotranspiration, and precipitation patterns can alter the water balance and chemistry of spring water. Eutrophication due to agricultural practices and emergent pollutants, such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and pesticides, is also a growing concern for the preservation of spring biodiversity. Here, we provide a synthesis of the main characteristics and functioning of Mediterranean spring ecosystems. We then describe their ecological value and biodiversity patterns and highlight the main risks these ecosystems face. Moreover, we identify existing knowledge gaps to guide future research in order to fully uncover the hidden biodiversity within these habitats and understand the main drivers that govern them. Finally, we provide a brief summary of recommended actions that should be taken to effectively manage and preserve Mediterranean spring ecosystems for future generations. Even though studies on Mediterranean spring ecosystems are still scarce, our review shows there are sufficient data to conclude that their future viability as functional ecosystems is under severe threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fernández-Martínez
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Delegació de la Serralada Litoral Central - ICHN, Mataró, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Barquín
- Instituto de Hidráulica Ambiental de la Universidad de Cantabria (IHCantabria), Santander, Spain
| | - N Bonada
- Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management Research Group (FEHM), Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Cantonati
- BIOME Lab, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences - BiGeA, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Churro
- Laboratory of Virology and Molecular Biology and Laboratory of Phytoplankton, Department of the Sea and Marine Resources, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), Lisbon, Portugal
- Blue Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology (BBE), CIIMAR - Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental, Universidade do Porto, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - J Corbera
- Delegació de la Serralada Litoral Central - ICHN, Mataró, Spain
| | - C Delgado
- Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Dulsat-Masvidal
- IDAEA-CSIC, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Garcia
- BioSciCat, The Catalan Society of Sciences for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Tarragona, Spain
| | - O Margalef
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Departament de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l'Oceà, GRC RISKNAT, UB-Geomodels, Facultat de Ciències de la Terra, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Pascual
- BioSciCat, The Catalan Society of Sciences for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Tarragona, Spain
| | - J Peñuelas
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Preece
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Sustainability in Biosystems Programme, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Sabater
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Delegació de la Serralada Litoral Central - ICHN, Mataró, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - H Seiler
- Vegetation Ecology, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences (IUNR), Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - J M Zamora-Marín
- Department of Applied Biology, Centro de Investigación e Innovación Agroalimentaria (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - E Romero
- CREAF, Campus de Bellaterra (UAB), Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Frederiksen M, Mosthaf K, Bøllingtoft AB, Albers CN, Christensen BSB, Christophersen M, Tuxen N, Tüchsen P, Clausen L, Janniche GAS, Bjerg PL. Predicting the impact and duration of persistent and mobile organic compounds in groundwater systems using a contaminant mass discharge approach. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119199. [PMID: 37844396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated methods for predicting the duration and impact on groundwater quality from persistent and mobile organic compounds (PMOCs) at a drinking water well field affected by multiple contaminant sources. The fungicide metabolite N,N-dimethylsulfamide (DMS), which frequently occurs above the Danish groundwater quality criterion (0.1 μg/L), was used as an example. By combining contaminant mass discharge (CMD) estimations, modeling, and groundwater dating, a number of important discoveries were made. The current center of contaminant mass was located near the source area. The CMD at the well field was predicted to peak in 2040, and an effect from the investigated sources on groundwater quality could be expected until the end of the 21st century. A discrepancy in the current CMD at the well field and the estimated arrival time from the studied source area suggested an additional pesticide source, which has not yet been thoroughly investigated. The presence of the unknown source was supported by model simulations, producing an improved mass balance after inclusion of a contaminant source closer to the well field. The approach applied here was capable of predicting the duration and impact of DMS contamination at a well field at catchment scale. It furthermore shows potential for identification and quantification of the contribution from individual sources, and is also applicable for other PMOCs. Predicting the duration of the release and impact of contaminant sources on abstraction wells is highly valuable for water resources management and authorities responsible for contaminant risk assessment, remediation, and long-term planning at water utilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frederiksen
- Ramboll, Englandsgade 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - K Mosthaf
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A B Bøllingtoft
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - C N Albers
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350, København K, Denmark
| | | | | | - N Tuxen
- Capital Region of Denmark, Kongens Vænge 2, 3400, Hillerød, Denmark
| | - P Tüchsen
- Novafos, Blokken 9, 3460, Birkerød, Denmark
| | - L Clausen
- HOFOR, Ørestads Boulevard 35, 2300, København S, Denmark
| | | | - P L Bjerg
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, Building 115, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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8
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Slaby S, Catteau A, Le Cor F, Cant A, Dufour V, Iurétig A, Turiès C, Palluel O, Bado-Nilles A, Bonnard M, Cardoso O, Dauchy X, Porcher JM, Banas D. Chemical occurrence of pesticides and transformation products in two small lentic waterbodies at the head of agricultural watersheds and biological responses in caged Gasterosteus aculeatus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:166326. [PMID: 37591395 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent monitoring campaigns have revealed the presence of mixtures of pesticides and their transformation products (TP) in headwater streams situated within agricultural catchments. These observations were attributed to the use of various agrochemicals in surrounding regions. The aim of this work was to compare the application of chemical and ecotoxicological tools for assessing environmental quality in relation to pesticide and TP contamination. It was achieved by deploying these methodologies in two small lentic water bodies located at the top of two agricultural catchments, each characterized by distinct agricultural practices (ALT: organic, CHA: conventional). Additionally, the results make it possible to assess the impact of contamination on fish caged in situ. Pesticides and TP were measured in water using active and passive samplers and suspended solid particles. Eighteen biomarkers (innate immune responses, oxidative stress, biotransformation, neurotoxicity, genotoxicity, and endocrine disruption) were measured in Gasterosteus aculeatus encaged in situ. More contaminants were detected in CHA, totaling 25 compared to 14 in ALT. Despite the absence of pesticide application in the ALT watershed for the past 14 years, 7 contaminants were quantified in 100 % of the water samples. Among these contaminants, 6 were TPs (notably atrazine-2-hydroxy, present at a concentration exceeding 300 ng·L-1), and 1 was a current pesticide, prosulfocarb, whose mobility should prompt more caution and new regulations to protect adjacent ecosystems and crops. Regarding the integrated biomarker response (IBRv2), caged fish was similarly impacted in ALT and CHA. Variations in biomarker responses were highlighted depending on the site, but the results did not reveal whether one site is of better quality than the other. This outcome was likely attributed to the occurrence of contaminant mixtures in both sites. The main conclusions revealed that chemical and biological tools complement each other to better assess the environmental quality of wetlands such as ponds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Slaby
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Audrey Catteau
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - François Le Cor
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France; ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, 40 Rue Lionnois, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Amélie Cant
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Vincent Dufour
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Alain Iurétig
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Cyril Turiès
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Anne Bado-Nilles
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Marc Bonnard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims, France.
| | - Olivier Cardoso
- OFB, Direction de la Recherche et de l'Appui Scientifique, 9 avenue Buffon, F-45071 Orléans, France.
| | - Xavier Dauchy
- ANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Hydrology, Water Chemistry Department, 40 Rue Lionnois, F-54000 Nancy, France.
| | - Jean-Marc Porcher
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Parc Technologique Alata, BP 2, 60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | - Damien Banas
- Université de Lorraine, INRAE, URAFPA, F-54000 Nancy, France.
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Ouakhssase A, Ait Addi E. Monitoring 432 potential pesticides in tomatoes produced and commercialized in Souss Massa region-Morocco, using LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 337:122611. [PMID: 37769705 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we monitored 432 pesticide residues in 39 tomato samples (cherry tomato) obtained from local markets in Souss Massa region-Morocco. We used a QuEChERS combined with LC-MS/MS and GC-MS/MS, and the method was validated based on SANTE 11312/2021 guideline. The limits of quantification (LOQ) obtained for most of the pesticides analyzed are at the limit with default EU MRLs or well below other EU MRLs. Recoveries (between 70 and 120%) and RSDs (≤20%) are satisfactory for more than 95% of the analytes at spiking level of 0.01 mg/kg and more than 97% at 0.1 mg/kg. The results indicated that 22 out of 39 tomato samples are positives and the most of our samples had levels lower than the maximum residue levels (MRLs) with average concentrations between 0.011 and 0.156 mg/kg. The most found pesticides were azoxystrobin and difenoconazole in tomato (7 samples). Only buprofezin (0.095 mg/kg) was found above the EU MRLs (0.01 mg/kg). Also, banned pesticides namely benalaxyl, spirodiclofen and imidacloprid have been detected. The results of our study confirm the previous findings and gives insights on the occurrence of different pesticides in tomato samples from Souss Massa region-Morocco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Ouakhssase
- Equipe de recherche Génie des procédés et Ingénierie Chimique (GPIC), Ecole Supérieure de Technologie d'Agadir, B.P: 33/S, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco.
| | - Elhabib Ait Addi
- Equipe de recherche Génie des procédés et Ingénierie Chimique (GPIC), Ecole Supérieure de Technologie d'Agadir, B.P: 33/S, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco
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10
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Frederiksen M, Albers CN, Mosthaf K, Janniche GAS, Tuxen N, Kerrn-Jespersen H, Bollmann UE, Christophersen M, Bjerg PL. Long-term leaching through clayey till of N,N-dimethylsulfamide, a Persistent and Mobile Organic Compound (PMOC). JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2023; 257:104218. [PMID: 37356422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2023.104218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution with Persistent and Mobile Organic Compounds (PMOC) from anthropogenic activities is an increasing cause for concern. These compounds are readily leached to groundwater aquifers and are likely to resist degradation, putting pressure on groundwater resources. Pesticides can form PMOCs upon degradation in the environment. The PMOC N,N-dimethylsulfamide (DMS) was the most frequently detected pesticide metabolite in Danish drinking water wells in 2020, although the pesticidal use of the last parent compound (tolylfluanid) ended in 2007. This study aimed to improve the understanding of the leaching of the PMOC DMS from clayey tills by combining a review of compound properties, sources and use, comprehensive field observations and numerical flow and solute transport modeling. The modeling explored the mechanisms of DMS retention during vertical transport in clayey till and the fingerprint in the underlying aquifer. The results were supported by detailed field observations at an agricultural site with strawberry production. Porewater samples were collected from clayey till to a depth of 12 m bgs by a custom designed installation method of suction cups. Groundwater sampling (249 samples) was designed to provide vertical concentration profiles at various distances from the presumed sources. The review of properties showed that the parent compounds and intermediates degrade quickly in topsoil, releasing the highly persistent and mobile DMS. We tested the effect of fractures on transport with different hydraulic apertures and a scenario without fractures by numerical modeling. The results showed that the presence of fractures can smooth the breakthrough curve below the clayey till, leading to faster breakthrough, lower maximum concentration, and several decades of prolonged leaching in simulations with the largest aperture (20 μm). The fracture-matrix interaction is a possible explanation for the observed delay of leaching from clayey till. The vertical concentration profiles in groundwater were used for identifying the sources at the field site and testing source strengths. Assigning one point source (200 μg/L) and two diffuse sources (40-50 μg/L) to the model produced vertical concentration profiles that compared well with observed field data in clayey till and the aquifer. All results were integrated into a conceptual model for the environmental fate of PMOCs in soil and groundwater. The findings of this study imply that the presence of fractures in clayey till should be considered in conceptual site models, since they can substantially prolong the leaching of PMOCs to groundwater. The integration of comprehensive field investigations and numerical modeling is key to understand the fate of PMOCs in complex field systems with different source types. Together with widespread occurrences of PMOCs in groundwater systems, the results highlight the need for improved approval procedures for pesticides and biocides which considers their persistent and mobile metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frederiksen
- Ramboll, Englandsgade 25, 5000, Odense C, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - C N Albers
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 København K, Denmark
| | - K Mosthaf
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - N Tuxen
- Capital Region of Denmark, Kongens Vænge 2, 3400, Hillerød, Denmark
| | | | - U E Bollmann
- Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 København K, Denmark
| | | | - P L Bjerg
- Technical University of Denmark, Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Bygningstorvet, building 115, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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11
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Albers CN, Johnsen AR, Bollmann UE. Urban areas as sources of the groundwater contaminants N,N-dimethylsulfamide (N,N-DMS) and 1,2,4-triazole. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 881:163377. [PMID: 37030362 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nyrop Albers
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Anders Risbjerg Johnsen
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ulla Elisabeth Bollmann
- Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark
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12
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Møller I, Karan S, Gravesen P, Rosenbom AE. On the representability of soil water samples in space and time: Impact of heterogeneous solute transport pathways underneath a sandy field. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159039. [PMID: 36174691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In Europe, millions of water samples have been collected from sampling points, especially in the saturated zone to assess the water quality among others to fulfil EU water quality directives. Often water samples are collected from sampling points installed in the subsurface without knowing what the water collected represents in space and time. As such, without detailed knowledge of hydrogeological settings and fluctuations in groundwater levels, it is not possible to assess whether water collected represents a hydraulic active sediment setting or an adjacent isolated sediment body. Collecting water from the latter will hence not reveal by analysis potential contamination in the hydraulic active setting. Based on a detailed three-dimensional sedimentary facies model interpreted from geological and geophysical data combined with groundwater level measurements, this study focuses on delineating the impact of changing solute transport pathways underneath a sandy field (2 ha) exposed to bromide and pesticide applications. Hence, the analyses utilize detections in water samples of bromide, pesticides, and/or their degradation products collected through 19 years at 25 sampling points. A special focus is on the relatively high concentration, long-termed leaching of four degradation products (1,2,4-triazole, CGA108906, PPU, and desethyl-terbuthylazine) through the field. The results show that even for sand, knowledge of the hydrogeological setting and in-situ fate knowledge is imperative to assess the representability of water being sampled from both the variably-saturated and saturated zone of the soil-sediment system. Especially, the sub-horizontal layered sediments with numerous facies shifts facilitate horizontal solute transport, and fluctuations in the groundwater table seem to be decisive for, which solute transport pathways are dominating. Such detailed insights are crucial for accurately assessing sources of contaminants, leaching risk of contaminants through the variably-saturated zone, and improving monitoring procedures in the protection of the water resources and hereby the water quality of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingelise Møller
- Geological Survey of the Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Sachin Karan
- Geological Survey of the Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Peter Gravesen
- Geological Survey of the Denmark and Greenland, Øster Voldgade 10, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark
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13
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Ling W, Kaliaperumal K, Huang M, Liang Y, Ouyang Z, Zhou Z, Jiang Y, Zhang J. Pomelo seed oil: Natural insecticide against cowpea aphid. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1048814. [PMID: 36426147 PMCID: PMC9681153 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1048814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch) is a plant pest that causes serious damage to vegetable crops. Extensive use of synthetic chemical pesticides causes deleterious effects on consumers as well as the environment. Hence, the search for environmentally friendly insecticides in the management of cowpea aphids is required. The present work aims to investigate the aphicidal activity of pomelo seed oil (PSO) on cowpea aphids, the possible insecticidal mechanisms, its chemical constituent profile, as well as the toxicity of its primary compounds. The results of the toxicity assay showed that PSO had significant insecticidal activity against aphids with a 72-hour LC50 value of 0.09 μg/aphid and 3.96 mg/mL in the contact and residual toxicity assay, respectively. The enzymatic activity of both glutathione S-transferase (GST) and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) significantly decreased, as well as the total protein content, after PSO treatment, which suggested that the reduction of AChE, GST, and the total protein content in aphids treated with PSO might be responsible for the mortality of A. craccivora. The GC-MS analysis revealed that PSO contained limonene (22.86%), (9Z,12Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid (20.21%), n-hexadecanoic acid (15.79%), (2E,4E)-2,4-decadienal (12.40%), and (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienal (7.77%) as its five major compounds. Furthermore, (9Z,12Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid showed higher toxicity to aphids than both PSO and thiamethoxam (positive control). This study emphasized the potential of PSO as a natural plant-derived insecticide in controlling cowpea aphids and also provided a novel approach for the value-added utilization of pomelo seed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ling
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Kumaravel Kaliaperumal
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- Unit of Biomaterials Division, Department of Orthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Meiling Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yan Liang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Ouyang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zhonggao Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Yueming Jiang
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Navel Orange, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, China
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China
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