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Álvarez R, Izquierdo M, Serrano H, García-Ordiales E, García C, Alberquilla F, Barrio F, De Miguel E, Charlesworth S, Ordóñez A. Comparison of sediment bioavailable methods to assess the potential risk of metal(loid)s for river ecosystems. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116614. [PMID: 38901168 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
A heavily impacted river basin (Caudal River, NW Spain) by Hg and Cu mining activities, abandoned decades ago, was used to evaluate the environmental quality of their river sediments. The obtained results compared with reference values established by the US EPA and the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment for river sediments, have shown that the main elements of environmental concern are arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and, to a lesser extent, copper (Cu), which reach concentrations up to 1080, 80 and 54 mg kg-1, respectively. To understand the role that river sediments play in terms of risk to ecosystem health, a comparison has been made between the total content of metal(oid)s in the sediments and the bioavailable contents of the same elements in pore water, passive DGT (Diffusive Gradients in Thin films) samplers and the sediment extractant using acetic acid. A good correlation between the As and Cu contents in the DGTs and the pore water was found, resulting in a transfer from the pore water to the DGT of at least 47 % of the Cu and more than 75 % of the As when the concentrations were low, with a deployment time of 4 days. When As and Cu concentrations were higher, their transfer was not so high (above 23.6 % for As and 19.3 % for Cu). The transfer of Hg from the pore water to the DGT was practically nil and does not seem to depend on the content of this metal. The fraction extracted with acetic acid, conventionally accepted as bioavailable, was clearly lower than that captured by DGTs for As and Cu (≤5 % and ≤8.5 % of the total amount, respectively), while it was similar for Hg (0.2 %).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Álvarez
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - M Izquierdo
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - H Serrano
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - E García-Ordiales
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - C García
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Alberquilla
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Barrio
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - E De Miguel
- Prospecting & Environment Laboratory (PROMEDIAM), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
| | - S Charlesworth
- Centre for Agroecology, Water and Resilience, Coventry University, UK
| | - A Ordóñez
- Dep. Explotación y prospección de minas. University of Oviedo, Spain.
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Gao Y, Geng M, Wang G, Yu H, Ji Y, Jordan RW, Jiang SJ, Gu YG, An T. Environmental and dietary exposure to 24 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in a typical Chinese coking plant. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123684. [PMID: 38428790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), known for their health risks, are prevalent in the environment, with the coking industry being a major source of their emissions. To bridge the knowledge gap concerning the relationship between environmental and dietary PAH exposure, we explore this complex interplay by investigating the dietary exposure characteristics of 24 PAHs within a typical Chinese coking plant and their association with environmental pollution. Our research revealed Nap and Fle as primary dietary contaminants, emphasizing the significant influence of soil and atmospheric pollution on PAH exposure. We subjected our data to non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS), Spearman correlation analysis, Lasso regression, and Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) regression to delve into this multifaceted phenomenon. NMDS reveals that dietary PAH exposure, especially within the high molecular weight (HMW) group, is common both within and around the coking plant. This suggests that meals prepared within the plant may be contaminated, posing health risks to coking plant workers. Furthermore, our assessment of dietary exposure risk highlights Nap and Fle as the primary dietary contaminants, with BaP and DahA raising concerns due to their higher carcinogenic potential. Our findings indicate that dietary exposure often exceeds acceptable limits, particularly for coking plant workers. Correlation analyses uncover the dominant roles of soil and atmospheric pollution in shaping dietary PAH exposure. Soil contamination significantly impacts specific PAHs, while atmospheric pollution contributes to others. Additionally, WQS regression emphasizes the substantial influence of soil and drinking water on dietary PAHs. In summary, our study sheds light on the dietary exposure characteristics of PAHs in a typical Chinese coking plant and their intricate interplay with environmental factors. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive strategies to mitigate PAH exposure so as to safeguard both human health and the environment in affected regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanpeng Gao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 China.
| | - MingZe Geng
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Guangyao Wang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Hang Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Yuemeng Ji
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 China
| | - Richard W Jordan
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 245700, China
| | - Yang-Guang Gu
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510300, 510300, China.
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006 China
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Mofijur M, Hasan MM, Ahmed SF, Djavanroodi F, Fattah IMR, Silitonga AS, Kalam MA, Zhou JL, Khan TMY. Advances in identifying and managing emerging contaminants in aquatic ecosystems: Analytical approaches, toxicity assessment, transformation pathways, environmental fate, and remediation strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 341:122889. [PMID: 37972679 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants (ECs) are increasingly recognized as threats to human health and ecosystems. This review evaluates advanced analytical methods, particularly mass spectrometry, for detecting ECs and understanding their toxicity, transformation pathways, and environmental distribution. Our findings underscore the reliability of current techniques and the potential of upcoming methods. The adverse effects of ECs on aquatic life necessitate both in vitro and in vivo toxicity assessments. Evaluating the distribution and degradation of ECs reveals that they undergo physical, chemical, and biological transformations. Remediation strategies such as advanced oxidation, adsorption, and membrane bioreactors effectively treat EC-contaminated waters, with combinations of these techniques showing the highest efficacy. To minimize the impact of ECs, a proactive approach involving monitoring, regulations, and public education is vital. Future research should prioritize the refining of detection methods and formulation of robust policies for EC management.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mofijur
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - M M Hasan
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, QLD, 4701, Australia
| | - Shams Forruque Ahmed
- Science and Math Program, Asian University for Women, Chattogram, 4000, Bangladesh
| | - F Djavanroodi
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - I M R Fattah
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - A S Silitonga
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - M A Kalam
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - John L Zhou
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Centre for Green Technology, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - T M Yunus Khan
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Yang Y, Li Y, Huang C, Chen F, Chen C, Zhang H, Deng W, Ye F. Anthropogenic influences on the sources and distribution of organic carbon, black carbon, and heavy metals in Daya Bay's surface sediments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 196:115571. [PMID: 37783163 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
The total organic carbon (TOC), total nitrogen (TN), black carbon (BC), δ13CTOC, δ15N, δ13CBC, grain size, and heavy metals of surface sediments collected from Daya Bay were determined to investigate the spatial distributions of these parameters and to evaluate the influences of human activities. Marine organic matter was found to constitute approximately 84.41 ± 7.70 % of these sediments on average. The western and northern regions of Daya Bay exhibited relatively fine grain sizes, weak hydrodynamic conditions, and high sedimentation rates, which favored the burial and preservation of organic matter. The high concentration of organic matter could be attributed to the influence of petroleum and aquaculture industries. Fossil fuels were the main source of BC. The enrichment factor (EF) and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were used to evaluate the sources and pollution levels of heavy metals. The results revealed that the source and distribution of heavy metals were strongly influenced by human activities, resulting in moderate pollution levels across most regions of Daya Bay. A strong correlation was observed between the Igeo values of heavy metals and BC, TOC, TN, and mean particle grain size (Mz). This suggests that the ability of sediments in Daya Bay to enrich and adsorb heavy metals depends on the sediment grain size, the content and type of organic matter. Importantly, sediments in the inner bay of Daya Bay exhibited a greater capacity to impede the migration of heavy metals compared to those in the outer bay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Yang
- Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Yilan Li
- Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources, Ministry of Natural and Resources, Guangzhou 511458, China; Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, China.
| | - Fajin Chen
- Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; Key Laboratory of Space Ocean Remote Sensing and Application, Ministry of Natural Resources, China.
| | - Chunqing Chen
- Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524088, China
| | - Huiling Zhang
- College of Ocean Engineering and Energy, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Wenfeng Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Feng Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
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Wang XN, Wang ZH, Jiang SJ, Jordan RW, Gu YG. Bioenrichment preference and human risk assessment of arsenic and metals in wild marine organisms from Dapeng (Mirs) Bay, South China Sea. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 194:115305. [PMID: 37516093 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Bioenrichment preference of arsenic and metals in wild marine organisms has been scarcely considered. Twenty species including fishes, cephalopods, crustaceans, and bivalve mollusks were collected from Dapeng (Mis) Bay and analyzed for arsenic and metals. Through this study, we had obtained the following four main conclusions: (1) average concentrations of arsenic and metals (μg/kg, wet weight) in the aquatic organism samples were 48.7 for Cr, 1762.0 for Mn, 20,632.8 for Fe, 33.0 for Co, 119.5 for Ni, 3184.7 for Cu, 12,040.5 for Zn, 389.0 for As, 189.1 for Se, 144.4 for Cd, 15.0 for Hg, and 55.3 for Pb; (2) factor analysis (FA) revealed that the studied twenty species exhibited three types of arsenic and metal bioenrichment preference;(3) non-carcinogenic health risk assessment indicated insignificant health effects from marine organism consumption; (4) carcinogenic health risk assessment revealed an unacceptable risk from consumption of nine species, seven of which were crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Nuo Wang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 213, Huadu Avenue East, Guangzhou 510800, China
| | - Zeng-Huan Wang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, No. 213, Huadu Avenue East, Guangzhou 510800, China
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 245700, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Richard W Jordan
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Yang-Guang Gu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China; Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572025, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China; Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510300, China.
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Gu YG, Wang YS, Jordan RW, Su H, Jiang SJ. Probabilistic ecotoxicological risk assessment of heavy metal and rare earth element mixtures in aquatic biota using the DGT technique in coastal sediments. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138592. [PMID: 37023907 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) are routine contaminants due to their extensive use worldwide. Rare earth elements (REEs) are emerging contaminants because of their global exploitation for use in the high-tech sector. Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) are an effective method for measuring the bioavailable component of pollutants. This study represents the first assessment of the mixture toxicity of HMs and REEs in aquatic biota using the DGT technique in sediments. Xincun Lagoon was chosen as the case study site because it has been contaminated by pollutants. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMS) analysis reveals that a wide variety of pollutants (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, InHg, Co, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Yb) are primarily impacted by sediment characteristics. Appraisal of single HM-REE toxicity reveals that the risk quotient (RQ) values for Y, Yb and Ce notably exceeded 1, demonstrating that the adverse effects of these single HMs and REEs should not be ignored. The combined toxicity of HM-REE mixtures in terms of probabilistic ecological risk assessment shows that the Xincun surface sediments had a medium probability (31.29%) of toxic effects on aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Guang Gu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572025, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China; Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Key Laboratory of Open-Sea Fishery Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, 510300, China.
| | - Ya-Su Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 245700, China
| | - Richard W Jordan
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
| | - Hong Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 245700, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
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Li HS, Gu YG, Liang RZ, Wang YS, Jordan RW, Wang LG, Jiang SJ. Heavy metals in riverine/estuarine sediments from an aquaculture wetland in metropolitan areas, China: Characterization, bioavailability and probabilistic ecological risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 324:121370. [PMID: 36858102 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture wetlands, particularly those located within urban areas, are fragile ecosystems due to urban and aquaculture impacts. However, to date, there are no reports on the combined toxicity of heavy metal mixtures in aquatic biota in sediments from aquaculture wetlands in metropolitan areas. Thus, the characterization, bioavailability, and ecological probability risk of heavy metals were studied in the riverine/estuarine sediments of the Rongjiang River in an aquaculture wetland in Chaoshan metropolis, South China. In the study area, the average total concentrations (mg/kg) were 2.38 (Cd), 113.40 (Pb), 88.27 (Cr), 148.25 (Ni), 62.08 (Cu), 125.18 (Zn), 45,636.44 (Fe), and 797.18 (Mn), with the Cd pollution being regarded as extremely serious based on the enrichment factor (EF). There are two main sources of heavy metals in the study area; Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe and Mn are mainly from domestic waste, while Cr, Cd and Cu are possibly associated with industrial production activities. The bioavailability of most heavy metals accounted for more than 20% of the total concentration. The combined toxicity of heavy metal mixtures based on probabilistic risk assessment suggests that the surface sediments of the Rongjiang River and its estuary had a 15.71% probability of toxic effects on aquatic biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Song Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Yang-Guang Gu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, 572025, China; Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China.
| | - Rui-Ze Liang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China; School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ya-Su Wang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 245700, China
| | - Richard W Jordan
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, 990-8560, Japan
| | - Liang-Gen Wang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, 510300, China
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 245700, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai, 519000, China
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Huang F, Chen C. GIS-based approach and multivariate statistical analysis for identifying sources of heavy metals in marine sediments from the coast of Hong Kong. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2023; 195:518. [PMID: 36976384 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11152-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hong Kong is an urbanized coastal city which experiences substantially different metal loads from anthropogenic activities. This study was aimed at analyzing the spatial distribution and pollution evaluation of ten selected heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ni, Zn, Fe, V) in the coastal sediments of Hong Kong. The distribution of heavy metal pollution in sediments has been analyzed using the geographic information system (GIS) technique, and their pollution degrees, corresponding potential ecological risks and source identifications, have been studied by applying the enrichment factor (EF) analysis, contamination factor (CF) analysis, potential ecological risk index (PEI), and integrated multivariate statistical methods, respectively. Firstly, the GIS technique was used to access the spatial distribution of the heavy metals; the result revealed that pollution trend of these metals was decreased from the inner to the outer coast sites of the studied area. Secondly, combining the EF analysis and CF analysis, we found that the pollution degree of heavy metals followed the order of Cu > Cr > Cd > Zn > Pb > Hg > Ni > Fe > As > V. Thirdly, the PERI calculations showed that Cd, Hg, and Cu were the most potential ecological risk factors compared to other metals. Finally, cluster analysis combined with principal component analysis showed that Cr, Cu, Hg, and Ni might originate from the industrial discharges and shipping activities. V, As, and Fe were mainly derived from the natural origin, whereas Cd, Pb, and Zn were identified from the municipal discharges and industrial wastewater. In conclusion, this work should be helpful in the establishment of strategies for contamination control and optimization of industrial structures in Hong Kong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwen Huang
- Department of Neuroscience, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Han YJ, Liang RZ, Li HS, Gu YG, Jiang SJ, Man XT. Distribution, Multi-Index Assessment, and Sources of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Zhelin Bay, a Typical Mariculture Area in Southern China. TOXICS 2023; 11:150. [PMID: 36851025 PMCID: PMC9961395 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence, multi-index assessment, and sources of heavy metals in surface sediments of Zhelin Bay were investigated. Average heavy metal concentrations (mg/kg) were 81.89 (Cr), 770.76 (Mn), 16.81 (Co), 62.25 (Ni), 96.30 (Cu), 162.04 (Zn), and 73.40 (Pb), with the concentrations of studied seven heavy metals being significantly higher than their corresponding background values. Geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and pollution load index (PLI) were implemented to assess degree of heavy metal contamination. The Igeo and PLI indicated that Cr, Mn, Co, Zn, and Pb were slightly polluted, and Cu and Ni were moderately polluted in the region. Potential ecological risk index (RI) and mean possible effect level (PEL) quotient were conducted to assess ecological risk. The RI and mean PEL quotient demonstrated that surface sediments of Zhelin Bay were slight ecological risks and exhibited a 21% probability of toxicity. Principal component analysis (PCA) combined with the correlation analysis (CA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HAC) revealed that the heavy metal contamination in Zhelin Bay might originate from three type sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jie Han
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Rui-Ze Liang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hai-Song Li
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yang-Guang Gu
- College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
| | - Shi-Jun Jiang
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519000, China
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 245700, China
| | - Xiang-Tian Man
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Institute for Environmental and Climate Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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