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Benedetti V, Cascioli A, Pecchi M, Baratieri M. Fast screening of catalyst performances in hydrothermal processes for biofuel production using differential scanning calorimetry. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 405:130934. [PMID: 38851599 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Catalysts are usually employed in hydrothermal processes for different purposes, such as enhancing quality and yield of produced biofuels. However, assessing catalyst performances can be time consuming and expensive. For this reason, in this work, a technique based on high pressure differential scanning calorimetry was applied to study heterogeneous catalyst behavior under hydrothermal conditions at the micro-scale. Heterogeneous catalysts were mixed with distilled water and cellulose, selected as substrate, and tested at 250 °C. The heat release profiles obtained were deconvoluted in three Gaussian peaks, each associated with a set of reactions. Siralox and iron chloride showed the highest catalytic activities impacting the development and the enthalpy of the reactions. Selected samples were further characterized to investigate synergies among acid and basic sites and emphasize the importance of the spatial distribution of the components inside the catalysts. This study highlights the crucial role of advanced techniques in optimizing catalyst performance for more efficient biofuel production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Benedetti
- Faculty of Engineering, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Domenicani 3, Bozen-Bolzano 39100 Italy.
| | - Alessandro Cascioli
- Faculty of Engineering, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Domenicani 3, Bozen-Bolzano 39100 Italy
| | - Matteo Pecchi
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, 111 Wing Drive, Ithaca 14853, NY, United States
| | - Marco Baratieri
- Faculty of Engineering, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, Piazza Domenicani 3, Bozen-Bolzano 39100 Italy
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Wang BY, Li B, Xu HY. Machine learning screening of biomass precursors to prepare biomass carbon for organic wastewater purification: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142597. [PMID: 38889873 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
In the past decades, the amount of biomass waste has continuously increased in human living environments, and it has attracted more and more attention. Biomass is regarded as the most high-quality and cost-effective precursor material for the preparation carbon of adsorbents and catalysts. The application of biomass carbon has extensively explored. The efficient application of biomass carbon in organic wastewater purification were reviewed. With briefly introducing biomass types, the latest progress of Machine learning in guiding the preparation and application of biomass carbon was emphasized. The key factors in constructing efficient biomass carbon for adsorption and catalytic applications were discussed. Based on the functional groups, rich pore structure and active site of biomass carbon, it exhibits high efficiency in water purification performance in the fields of adsorption and catalysis. In addition, out of a firm belief in the enormous potential of biomass carbon, the remaining challenges and future research directions were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Ying Wang
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO(2) Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Bo Li
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO(2) Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Huan-Yan Xu
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of CO(2) Resource Utilization and Energy Catalytic Materials, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150040, PR China.
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Rasaq WA, Okpala COR, Igwegbe CA, Białowiec A. Catalyst-Enhancing Hydrothermal Carbonization of Biomass for Hydrochar and Liquid Fuel Production-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2579. [PMID: 38893844 PMCID: PMC11173454 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The research impact of catalysts on the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process remains an ongoing debate, especially regarding the quest to enhance biomass conversion into fuels and chemicals, which requires diverse catalysts to optimize bio-oil utilization. Comprehensive insights and standardized analytical methodologies are crucial for understanding HTC's potential benefits in terms of biomass conversion stages. This review seeks to understand how catalysts enhance the HTC of biomass for liquid fuel and hydrochar production, drawing from the following key sections: (a) catalyst types applied in HTC processes; (b) biochar functionality as a potential catalyst; (c) catalysts increasing the success of HTC process; and (d) catalyst's effect on the morphological and textural character of hydrochar. The performance of activated carbon would greatly increase via catalyst action, which would progress the degree of carbonization and surface modification, alongside key heteroatoms. As catalytic HTC technology advances, producing carbon materials for thermochemical activities will become more cost-effective, considering the ever-growing demands for high-performance thermochemical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waheed A. Rasaq
- Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (W.A.R.); (C.A.I.)
| | - Charles Odilichukwu R. Okpala
- UGA Cooperative Extension, College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe
- Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (W.A.R.); (C.A.I.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, P.M.B. 5025, Awka 420218, Nigeria
| | - Andrzej Białowiec
- Department of Applied Bioeconomy, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 37a Chełmońskiego Str., 51-630 Wrocław, Poland; (W.A.R.); (C.A.I.)
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Omar RA, Talreja N, Chuhan D, Ashfaq M. Waste-derived carbon nanostructures (WD-CNs): An innovative step toward waste to treasury. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 246:118096. [PMID: 38171470 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.118096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the growing population, the accumulation of waste materials (WMs) (industrial/household waste) in the environment incessantly increases, affecting human health. Additionally, it affects the climate and ecosystem of terrestrial and water habitats, thereby needing effective management technology to control environmental pollution. In this aspect, managing these WMs to develop products that mitigate the associated issues is necessary. Researchers continue to focus on WMs management by adopting a circular economy. These WMs convert into useful/value-added products such as polymers and nanomaterials (NMs), especially carbon nanomaterials (CNs). The conversion/transformation of waste material into useful products is one of the best solutions for managing waste. Waste-derived CNs (WD-CNs) have established boundless promises for numerous applications like environmental remediation, energy, catalysts, sensors, and biomedical applications. This review paper discusses the several sources of waste material (agricultural, plastic, industrial, biomass, and other) transforming into WD-CNs, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), biochar, graphene, carbon nanofibers (CNFs), carbon dots, etc., are extensively elaborated and their application. The impact of metal doping within the WD-CNs is briefly discussed, along with their applicability to end applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh Anand Omar
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Neetu Talreja
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Alliance University, Anekal, Bengaluru-562 106, Karnataka, India.
| | - Divya Chuhan
- Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Ministry of Jal Shakti, 1208-A, Pandit Deendayal Antyodaya Bhawan, CGO Complex, Lodhi Road, New Delhi 110003 India
| | - Mohammad Ashfaq
- Department of Biotechnology, University Centre for Research & Development (UCRD), Chandigarh University, Gharaun, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India.
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Jalilian M, Bissessur R, Ahmed M, Hsiao A, He QS, Hu Y. A review: Hydrochar as potential adsorbents for wastewater treatment and CO 2 adsorption. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 914:169823. [PMID: 38199358 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
To valorize the biomass and organic waste, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) stands out as a highly efficient and promising pathway given its intrinsic advantages over other thermochemical processes. Hydrochar, as the main product obtained from HTC, is widely applied as a fuel source and soil conditioner. Aside from these applications, hydrochar can be either directly used or modified as bio-adsorbents for environmental remediation. This potential arises from its tunable surface chemistry and its suitability to act as a precursor for activated or engineered carbon. In view of the importance of this topic, this review offers a thorough examination of the research progress for using hydrochar and its modified forms to remove organic dyes (cationic and anionic dyes), heavy metals, herbicides/pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and CO2. The review also sheds light on the fundamental chemistry involved in HTC of biomass and the major analytical techniques applied for understanding surface chemistry of hydrochar and modified hydrochar. The knowledge gaps and potential hurdles are identified to highlight the challenges and prospects of this research field with a summary of the key findings from this review. Overall, this article provides valuable insights and directives and pinpoints the areas meriting further investigation in the application potential of hydrochar in wastewater management and CO2 capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Jalilian
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Rabin Bissessur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Marya Ahmed
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Amy Hsiao
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Quan Sophia He
- Department of Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, B2N 5E3, Canada.
| | - Yulin Hu
- Faculty of Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Liu Q, Zhang G, Yu J, Kong G, Cao T, Ji G, Zhang X, Han L. Machine learning-aided hydrothermal carbonization of biomass for coal-like hydrochar production: Parameters optimization and experimental verification. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:130073. [PMID: 37984666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Biomass to coal-like hydrochar via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising route for sustainability development. Yet conventional experimental method is time-consuming and costly to optimize HTC conditions and characterize hydrochar. Herein, machine learning was employed to predict the fuel properties of hydrochar. Random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and extreme gradient boosting (XGB) models were developed, presenting acceptable prediction performance with R2 at 0.825---0.985 and root mean square error (RMSE) at 1.119---5.426, and XGB outperformed RF and SVM. The model interpretation indicated feedstock ash content, reaction temperature, and solid to liquid ratio were the three decisive factors. The optimized XGB multi-task model via feature re-examination illustrated improved generalization ability with R2 at 0.927 and RMSE at 3.279. Besides, the parameters optimization and experimental verification with wheat straw as feedstock further demonstrated the huge application potential of machine learning in hydrochar engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanyu Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiajia Yu
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ge Kong
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianqi Cao
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanya Ji
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Lujia Han
- Engineering Laboratory for AgroBiomass Recycling & Valorizing, College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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dos Santos JCS, Dhenadhayalan N, Li Y, Pinilla JL. Editorial: Chemical reactions and catalysis for a sustainable future. Front Chem 2023; 11:1228591. [PMID: 37332892 PMCID: PMC10272991 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1228591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- José C. S. dos Santos
- Instituto de Engenharias e Desenvolvimento Sustentável, Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira, Redenção, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Yanwei Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Zhang Q, Mu K, Zhao B, Yi L. The Role of the Mannich Reaction in Nitrogen Migration during the Co-Hydrothermal Carbonization of Bovine Serum Albumin and Lignin with Various Forms of Acid-Alcohol Assistance. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114408. [PMID: 37298884 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) of N-rich and lignocellulosic biomass is a potential way to produce hydrochar with high yield and quality, but the nitrogen will also enrich in a solid product. In this study, a novel co-HTC with acid-alcohol assistance is proposed, and the model compounds bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lignin were used to investigate the role of the acid-alcohol-enhanced Mannich reaction in nitrogen migration. The results showed that the acid-alcohol mixture could inhibit nitrogen enrichment in solids and the order of the denitrification rate was acetic acid > oxalic acid > citric acid. Acetic acid promoted solid-N hydrolysis to NH4+ while oxalic acid preferred to convert it to oil-N. More tertiary amines and phenols were generated with oxalic acid-ethanol addition and then formed quaternary-N and N-containing aromatic compounds through the Mannich reaction. In the citric acid-ethanol-water solution, NH4+ and amino acids were captured to form diazoxide derivatives in oil and pyrroles in solids through both nucleophilic substitution and the Mannich reaction. The results are able to guide biomass hydrochar production with the targeted regulation of nitrogen content and species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Kai Mu
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China
| | - Linlin Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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