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Al-Shammary AAG, Al-Shihmani LSS, Fernández-Gálvez J, Caballero-Calvo A. Optimizing sustainable agriculture: A comprehensive review of agronomic practices and their impacts on soil attributes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 364:121487. [PMID: 38889650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
This study explores agronomic management (AM) effects on soil parameters under diverse conditions. Investigating tillage practices (TP), nutrient management (NM), crop rotation (CR), organic matter (OM), irrigation management (IM), and mulching (MS), it aims to reveal impacts on soil productivity, nutrient availability, microbial activity, and overall health. Varied TP affect soil quality through compaction, porosity, and erosion risk. Proper NM is vital for nutrient cycling, preventing imbalances and acidification. CR disrupts pest cycles, reduces weed pressure, and boosts nutrient recycling. OM management enhances soil quality by influencing organic carbon, nutrient availability, pH, fertility, and water retention. Optimizing IM regulates soil water content without inducing waterlogging. MS contributes to OM content, nutrient retention, soil structure, and temperature-moisture regulation, benefiting soil biota, aggregation, soil health and agricultural productivity. The review emphasizes integrated nutrient, CR, and OM management's positive impact on fertility and microbial activity. Different TP and IM variations impact soil health and crop production. Judicious implementation of these practices is essential for sustainable agriculture. This synthesis identifies uncertainties and proposes research directions for optimizing productivity while ensuring environmental sustainability. Ongoing inquiry can guide a balanced approach between yields and resilient soil stewardship for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jesús Fernández-Gálvez
- Department of Regional Geographical Analysis and Physical Geography, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
| | - Andrés Caballero-Calvo
- Department of Regional Geographical Analysis and Physical Geography, University of Granada, 18071, Granada, Spain.
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Baker J, Schunk N, Scholz M, Merck A, Muenich RL, Westerhoff P, Elser JJ, Duckworth OW, Gatiboni L, Islam M, Marshall AM, Sozzani R, Mayer BK. Global-to-Local Dependencies in Phosphorus Mass Flows and Markets: Pathways to Improving System Resiliency in Response to Exogenous Shocks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2024; 11:493-502. [PMID: 38882202 PMCID: PMC11171449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.4c00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Uneven global distribution of phosphate rock deposits and the supply chains to transport phosphorus (P) make P fertilizers vulnerable to exogenous shocks, including commodity market shocks; extreme weather events or natural disasters; and geopolitical instability, such as trade disputes, disruption of shipping routes, and war. Understanding bidirectional risk transmission (global-to-local and local-to-global) in P supply and consumption chains is thus essential. Ignoring P system interdependencies and associated risks could have major impacts on critical infrastructure operations and increase the vulnerability of global food systems. We highlight recent unanticipated events and cascading effects that have impacted P markets globally. We discuss the need to account for exogenous shocks in local assessments of P flows, policies, and infrastructure design choices. We also provide examples of how accounting for undervalued global risks to the P industry can hasten the transition to a sustainable P future. For example, leveraging internal P recycling loops, improving plant P use efficiency, and utilizing legacy soil P all enhance system resiliency in the face of exogenous shocks and long-term anticipated threats. Strategies applied at the local level, which are embedded within national and global policy systems, can have global-scale impacts in derisking the P supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Baker
- Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Nathan Schunk
- Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Matt Scholz
- Global Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287 United States
| | - Ashton Merck
- Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, United States
| | - Rebecca Logsdon Muenich
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States
| | - Paul Westerhoff
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - James J Elser
- School of Sustainability and Sustainable Phosphorus Alliance, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Owen W Duckworth
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Luke Gatiboni
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Minhazul Islam
- School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85259, United States
| | - Anna-Maria Marshall
- Department of Sociology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rosangela Sozzani
- Plant and Microbial Biology Department and NC Plant Sciences Initiative, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - Brooke K Mayer
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
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Hu G, Lan X, Peng B, Liao J, Xiong Y. Water resistant, biodegradable and flexible corn starch/carboxymethyl cellulose composite film for slow-release fertilizer coating materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129476. [PMID: 38232878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The inherent limitations of Cornstarch (CS) and Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) membranes, such as brittleness, fragility, and water solubility, limit their use in controlled-release fertilizers. This study reports on the synthesis of crosslinked CMC/CS-20-E composite membranes using the casting technique, with epichlorohydrin (ECH) as the crosslinking agent in an acidic environment to crosslink CS and CMC. The synthesized composite film demonstrates remarkable water resistance, as evidenced by the insignificant alteration in its morphology and structure post 72 h of water immersion. Its flexibility is reflected in its capacity to endure knotting and bending, with an elongation at break reaching 78.1 %. Moreover, the degradation rate surpasses 90 % within a span of seven days. The CMC/CS-20-E-x-urea controlled-release fertilizer was subsequently produced using a layer-by-layer self-assembly technique, where urea particles were incorporated into the crosslinked composite solution. This CMC/CS-20-E-x-urea controlled-release fertilizer displayed superior controlled-release performance over a duration of seven days when juxtaposed with pure urea. In particular, the CMC/CS-20-E-3 %-urea controlled-release fertilizer showed a cumulative release rate of 84 % by the seventh day. The controlled-release fertilizers developed in this study offer a promising strategy for creating eco-friendly options that are crucial for fertilizing crops with short growth cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guirong Hu
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Xianyu Lan
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Baolin Peng
- Guiyang Kai Phosphorus Fertilizer Co., Guiyang 551109, China
| | - Jixing Liao
- Guiyang Kai Phosphorus Fertilizer Co., Guiyang 551109, China
| | - Yuzhu Xiong
- Department of Polymer Materials and Engineering, College of Materials and Metallurgy, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Večerková L, Mašková L, Knejzlík Z, Kašpar O, Tokárová V. Development of spray-dried powder hand sanitiser with prolonged effectivity. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4827. [PMID: 38413707 PMCID: PMC10899249 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55503-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of hand sanitisers has become an inseparable part of our personal hygiene. However, the short-term effect and the need for frequent application are shortcomings that impair the overall protection. Another aspect is that repeated use of some products (typically alcohol-based) may cause skin irritation or eventually more severe health problems. This work proposes spray-drying as a suitable method for the preparation of swellable chitosan carriers, allowing for encapsulation and sustained release of antibacterial chlorhexidine digluconate as a model active substance. After application to hands, micron-sized particles preferentially accommodate space between epidermal ridges, protected against attrition. Thanks to their small size (d < 10 µm), particles are comfortable to carry since they are not recognisable by somatosensory receptors. The performance of formulations with various amounts of chlorhexidine and cross-linker was tested and compared with selected commercial disinfectants available on the Czech market (ethanol gel and alcoholic solution with chlorhexidine) against E. coli and S. epidermidis. The real-life performance was investigated with twelve volunteers performing various activities for up to 2 h. Finally, a replica of the human index finger with accurately captured micro-topology was proposed and compared with volunteers' fingers concerning the total amount of adhered and detached particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Večerková
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Mašková
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Knejzlík
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo náměstí 542/2, 160 00, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kašpar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Viola Tokárová
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28, Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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Apollon W. An Overview of Microbial Fuel Cell Technology for Sustainable Electricity Production. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:884. [PMID: 37999370 PMCID: PMC10672772 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13110884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
The over-exploitation of fossil fuels and their negative environmental impacts have attracted the attention of researchers worldwide, and efforts have been made to propose alternatives for the production of sustainable and clean energy. One proposed alternative is the implementation of bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), such as microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which are sustainable and environmentally friendly. MFCs are devices that use bacterial activity to break down organic matter while generating sustainable electricity. Furthermore, MFCs can produce bioelectricity from various substrates, including domestic wastewater (DWW), municipal wastewater (MWW), and potato and fruit wastes, reducing environmental contamination and decreasing energy consumption and treatment costs. This review focuses on recent advancements regarding the design, configuration, and operation mode of MFCs, as well as their capacity to produce bioelectricity (e.g., 2203 mW/m2) and fuels (i.e., H2: 438.7 mg/L and CH4: 358.7 mg/L). Furthermore, this review highlights practical applications, challenges, and the life-cycle assessment (LCA) of MFCs. Despite the promising biotechnological development of MFCs, great efforts should be made to implement them in a real-time and commercially viable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilgince Apollon
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Faculty of Agronomy, Autonomous University of Nuevo León, Francisco Villa S/N, Ex-Hacienda El Canadá, General Escobedo 66050, Nuevo León, Mexico
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