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Anne Marie U, Murererehe J, Rehman M, Chittilla M, Uwambaye P, Razzaque MS. Oral manifestations of iron imbalance. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1272902. [PMID: 37899821 PMCID: PMC10611504 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1272902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Uwitonze Anne Marie
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Julienne Murererehe
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Mahum Rehman
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
| | - Mythri Chittilla
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
| | - Peace Uwambaye
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Mohammed S. Razzaque
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Rwanda College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Pathology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, PA, United States
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Mousa HRF, Radwan MZ, Wassif GOM, Wassel MO. The association between black stain and lower risk of dental caries in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Egypt Public Health Assoc 2022; 97:13. [PMID: 35906494 PMCID: PMC9338195 DOI: 10.1186/s42506-022-00107-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous literature shows that children with dental black stain might be less susceptible to dental caries. The aim of this study was to systematically review the available literature to determine whether black stain presence could influence the prevalence or severity of dental caries in primary dentition. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and Egyptian Universities Libraries Consortium was conducted up to December 2020. Quality assessment was done using a modified version of Down's and Black checklist. Meta-analyses were performed to assess the association between dental black stain and: (i) Likelihood of developing dental caries/being caries-free (ii) Number of teeth affected by dental caries (iii) Number of tooth surfaces affected. RESULTS The database search yielded 2164 results, 14 of which matched the eligibility criteria. The meta-analysis showed that the likelihood of developing caries (Fixed effect model: OR [95% CI]: 0.67 [0.54; 0.82]; I2=37%; τ2=0.05), number of teeth affected (Random effects model: MD [95% CI]: -0.98 [-1.54; -0.42]; I2=79%; τ2 =0.44), and number of surfaces affected (Random-effects model: MD [95% CI]: -2.34 [-4.23; -0.44]; I2=85%; τ2 =2.93), were all lower in children with black stain. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that dental black stain is associated with lower dental caries experience in children with primary dentition. However, it is questionable whether black stain has a protective effect against dental caries, or whether children at low risk of dental caries are more likely to develop BS because their oral microbiome favors BS-forming organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Raafat Fathi Mousa
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Union Street, Post NO.: 11566, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Zayed Radwan
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Union Street, Post NO.: 11566, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Ossama Mohamed Wassif
- Department of Community, Environmental, and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mariem Osama Wassel
- Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University, Organization of African Union Street, Post NO.: 11566, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
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de Rezende VS, Fonseca-Silva T, Drumond CL, Ramos-Jorge ML, Paiva SM, Vieira-Andrade RG. Do Patients with Extrinsic Black Tooth Stains Have a Lower Dental Caries Experience? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Caries Res 2019; 53:617-627. [PMID: 31390620 DOI: 10.1159/000500476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have suggested that individuals affected by extrinsic black tooth stains have less dental caries experience in comparison to those without this condition. The aim of the present study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine whether there is scientific evidence demonstrating that extrinsic black stains are a protective factor for the occurrence of dental caries. This systematic review was developed in accordance with the PRISMA statement and the research question was determined using the PECO strategy. Electronic searches were conducted in the PubMed, Science Direct, Virtual Health Library, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases for relevant articles published up to September 2018. All articles included were submitted to an appraisal of methodological quality using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the data were extracted for meta-analysis. The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 9,108 publications. After the application of the eligibility criteria, 18 articles were selected for analysis, 13 of which were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis demonstrated that individuals with extrinsic black stains involving primary (median, MD: -0.78 [-1.09; -0.48]; I2 = 44%) and permanent (MD: -0.50 [-0.93; -0.08]; I2 = 86%) teeth have a lower dental caries experience in comparison to those without this condition. Patients with extrinsic black tooth stains have a lower dental caries experience in cross-sectional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Silva de Rezende
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Thiago Fonseca-Silva
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil,
| | - Clarissa Lopes Drumond
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge
- Department of Dentistry, School of Biological and Health Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Saul Martins Paiva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Arefi AH, Shamsaddin H, Balvardi M, Poureslami H, Danesh M, Sayadizadeh M. Evaluation of parents' views about etiologic factors of severe early childhood caries: A qualitative study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2019; 13:43-50. [PMID: 31217918 PMCID: PMC6571519 DOI: 10.15171/joddd.2019.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Severe early childhood caries (S-ECC) is a rapid form of dental caries that firstly affects primary upper incisors of children less <3 years of age and can cause interference in child’s health by pain, nutritional deficiencies and sleep disorders. It seems there are many unknown factors in the etiology as well as progression of S-ECC. The aim of this study was to assess parents' views in this relation.
Methods. In this qualitative study parent’s views and their 1‒3-year-old children were studied when they visited pediatric medical clinics in Kerman. After cleaning the children teeth and examination of them to discover caries, they were placed in 2 groups with or without S-ECC. Then each parent was interviewed separately and their comments were collected and studied. Examinations and interviews continued with parents until they did not express anything new.
Results. Parents of children without S-ECC had better understanding about S-ECC related factors than parents of children with S-ECC and greater number of them (without significant differences) expressed known reasons for occurrence of S-ECC. There were differences among known reasons and proposed reasons mostly in parents of children with S-ECC, although the differences were not significant. Maternal stress and amount of breast milk’s lactose were factors that were reported by some parents while there were unknown factors related to the etiology of S-ECC. Furthermore, no parents mentioned factors like saliva or mode of delivery.
Conclusion. The most important achievement of the study was the attention of some parents to the role of their chronic stress in the occurrence of S-ECC. Another important consideration was that none of the parents mentioned the important role of the quality and quantity of saliva in preventing S-ECC, which should be promoted in the community
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Affiliation(s)
- Arian Hesam Arefi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hoda Shamsaddin
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Mojgan Balvardi
- Kerman Social Determinants on Oral Health Research Center & Oral and Dental Diseases Research Center & Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Poureslami
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Masumeh Danesh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahsa Sayadizadeh
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kerman University of Medical Science, Kerman, Iran
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Rathi N, Baid R, Baliga S, Thosar N. Comparative evaluation of Nano-Hydroxyapatite preparation and Calcium Sucrose Phosphate on microhardness of deciduous teeth after iron drop exposure - An in-vitro study. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e579-e583. [PMID: 28469827 PMCID: PMC5410682 DOI: 10.4317/jced.53677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate and compare the microhardness of deciduous teeth treated with nano-hydroxyapatite and calcium sucrose phosphate after iron drop exposure. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twenty healthy anterior deciduous teeth were collected and stored in 0.9% saline solution at room temperature. All the teeth were immersed in artificial saliva in an incubator shaker at 37° for an hour and then subjected to Vickers microhardness test at 100g load for 5 seconds. The teeth were then immersed in iron drop for 5 minutes, twice daily, rinsed with distilled water and kept in artificial saliva. This procedure was repeated for 7 days and teeth were subjected to microhardness testing. Further, the teeth were divided in two groups, each group containing 10 teeth. In group I, nanohydroxyapatite preparation and in group II, calcium sucrose phosphate were applied for 10 minutes, twice daily for 7 days and subjected again to microhardness testing again. RESULTS Vickers microhardness analysis revealed that iron drop exposure to teeth caused significant decrease in microhardness (p<0.05). Application of nanohydroxyapatite preparation in Group I showed significantly increased enamel microhardness (206.90) than that after iron drop exposure. Similarly, application of calcium sucrose phosphate in Group II showed significantly increased enamel microhardness (200.89) than that after iron drop exposure. Statistical difference was seen between the two groups, with nanohydroxyapatite preparation showing increased microhardness than calcium sucrose phosphate. CONCLUSIONS Nanohydroxyapatite preparation and calcium sucrose phosphate have remineralizing effect over teeth affected by acid challenge of iron drops, nanohydroxyapatite preparation showing better results than calcium sucrose phosphate. Key words:Iron drops, Nanohydroxyapaptite, calcium sucrose phosphate, anticay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilesh Rathi
- BDS, MDS, Dept. of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha-442004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rutika Baid
- BDS, Post graduate student, Dept. of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha-442004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sudhindra Baliga
- BDS, Post graduate student, Dept. of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha-442004, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nilima Thosar
- BDS, Post graduate student, Dept. of Pedodontics & Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College, Wardha-442004, Maharashtra, India
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Influences of pH and Iron Concentration on the Salivary Microbiome in Individual Humans with and without Caries. Appl Environ Microbiol 2017; 83:AEM.02412-16. [PMID: 27940544 PMCID: PMC5288818 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02412-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify the differences in the oral microbial communities in saliva from patients with and without caries by performing sequencing with the Illumina MiSeq platform, as well as to further assess their relationships with environmental factors (salivary pH and iron concentration). Forty-three volunteers were selected, including 21 subjects with and 22 without caries, from one village in Gansu, China. Based on 966,255 trimmed sequences and clustering at the 97% similarity level, 1,303 species-level operational taxonomic units were generated. The sequencing data for the two groups revealed that (i) particular distribution patterns (synergistic effects or competition) existed in the subjects with and without caries at both the genus and species levels and (ii) both the salivary pH and iron concentration had significant influences on the microbial community structure. IMPORTANCE The significant influences of the oral environment observed in this study increase the current understanding of the salivary microbiome in caries. These results will be useful for expanding research directions and for improving disease diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy.
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Tsanidou E, Nena E, Rossos A, Lendengolts Z, Nikolaidis C, Tselebonis A, Constantinidis TC. Caries prevalence and manganese and iron levels of drinking water in school children living in a rural/semi-urban region of North-Eastern Greece. Environ Health Prev Med 2015; 20:404-9. [PMID: 26188911 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-015-0482-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to correlate different combinations of manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) concentration in drinking water with prevalence of dental caries in both primary and permanent dentition, among school children with similar socio-demographic characteristics. METHODS Evros region, in North-Eastern Greece, was divided into four areas, according to combinations of levels of Mn and Fe in drinking water (High Mn-high Fe; High Mn-low Fe; Low Mn-high Fe; Low Mn-low Fe). Children of similar socio-economic background, attending either first or sixth grade (primary or permanent dentition, respectively) of elementary schools, were clinically assessed for caries by three dentists. Caries was defined by the use of dmft/DMFT index. A questionnaire answered by the parents was also analysed. RESULTS 573 children were included. Caries prevalence was high in both age groups (64.2 % with mean dmft 3.3 ± 3.6 in primary and 60.7 % with mean DMFT 2.3 ± 2.5 in permanent dentition, respectively). Residence in a high Mn-low Fe area was associated with a significant OR for caries in both age groups [OR (95 % CIs) for primary and permanent dentition was, respectively, 3.75 (1.68-8.37), p = 0.001 and 3.09 (1.48-6.44), p = 0.003], independently of factors like sugar consumption or brushing frequency. CONCLUSION Prevalence of caries was high in general, and was associated with the combination of high Mn/low Fe levels in drinking water, independently of various socio-demographic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Tsanidou
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Pre-clinical Educational Block-Building Nr 5, University Campus, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Department of Public Health, Region of East Macedonia-Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Evangelia Nena
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Pre-clinical Educational Block-Building Nr 5, University Campus, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
| | | | - Zhanna Lendengolts
- Department of Orthodontics and Paedoprosthetics, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Christos Nikolaidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Pre-clinical Educational Block-Building Nr 5, University Campus, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Athanasios Tselebonis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Pre-clinical Educational Block-Building Nr 5, University Campus, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Theodoros C Constantinidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Pre-clinical Educational Block-Building Nr 5, University Campus, Dragana, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
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Iranna Koppal P, Sakri MR, Akkareddy B, Hinduja DM, Gangolli RA, Patil BC. Iron deficiency in young children: a risk marker for early childhood caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013; 6:1-6. [PMID: 25206178 PMCID: PMC4034631 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim:Evaluate the coexistence of iron deficiency and early childhood caries. Evaluate whether iron deficiency can be considered as a risk marker for early childhood caries. Estimate the incidence of iron deficiency in children with early childhood caries. To evaluate and compare the iron status of children with and without severe early childhood caries.
Materials and methods: Sixty children of age 2 to 6 years in whom blood investigations are advised by pediatricians are selected for the study and are divided into early childhood caries (ECC) and control groups according to the def index. After obtaining the informed consent from parent, blood investigations are carried out in these children for the estimation of iron status. Results: All the values depicting the iron status are found to be decreased in the clinical trial group (ECC group) and they are statistically significant. Conclusion: Iron deficiency is observed definitely in children having ECC. How to cite this article: Koppal PI, Sakri MR, Akkareddy B, Hinduja DM, Gangolli RA, Patil BC. Iron Deficiency in Young Children: A Risk Marker for Early Childhood Caries. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2013;6(1):1-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Iranna Koppal
- Senior Lecture Department Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry S Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
| | - Mohan Ravishankar Sakri
- Reader, Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Mansarovar Dental College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Basavaprabhu Akkareddy
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dharam M Hinduja
- Reader, Department of Conservative and Endodontics, Government Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Raviraj Annayya Gangolli
- Reader, Department of Pedodontics, KGF College of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Kolar, Karnataka, India
| | - Basanagouda C Patil
- Reader, Department of Orthodontics, S Nijalingappa Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Gulbarga, Karnataka, India
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