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Koppaka R, Shah KK, Ahmed N, Echhpal UR. Evaluation of Surface Roughness of Acrylic Denture Bases Polished Using Algishine, a Novel Polishing Material: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e63955. [PMID: 39104981 PMCID: PMC11299221 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.63955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Surface roughness (Ra) significantly impacts the aesthetic and functional qualities of dental prosthetics. Traditional polishing involves pumice, a material routinely used in dental practice. This study introduces Algishine as a potential cost-effective eco-friendly alternative. Materials and methods A 3D design software (Geomagic) created a Standard Tesselation Language (STL) file of 10 mm x 10 mm x 2 mm. 30 STL file outputs were generated. The output was milled in wax. This was then flasked and processed. 30 acrylic resin specimens were fabricated and divided into two groups. Group A was polished using traditional pumice, and Group B was polished using Algishine. The Ra of each sample was measured using surface profilometry, with three readings per sample averaged for each group. Results Kruskal-Wallis test was performed to compare the two groups with the pre-testing samples, which showed p<0.05; indicating that there was a significant difference between the two groups. The average Ra value for unpolished acrylic was 7.105, while the specimens polished with pumice showed an Ra value of 2.218; specimens polished with novel material Algishine showed an Ra value of 1.743. This illustrates that Algishine achieves surface smoothness significantly superior to commonly used polishing agent and pumice. Discussion The results of our study demonstrate that Algishine, a novel polishing material derived from recycled alginate, effectively reduces the Ra of acrylic resin. This finding has significant implications, both clinically and environmentally. The primary clinical benefit of a smoother acrylic resin surface is the enhanced aesthetic appearance and increased patient comfort. A polished surface reduces plaque accumulation, thereby decreasing the risk of oral infections and improving the longevity of the dental prosthesis. The results show that Algishine achieves surface smoothness comparable to or better than pumice indicating that it can maintain, if not enhance, these clinical outcomes. Dental professionals can confidently use Algishine, knowing it meets the high standards required for patient care. Conclusion Algishine effectively reduces the Ra of acrylic resin, suggesting it is a viable, eco-friendly alternative to traditional pumice for dental polishing procedures. This indicates potential benefits in maintaining clinical outcomes while promoting environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Koppaka
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Khushali K Shah
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Nabeel Ahmed
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Urvi R Echhpal
- Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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2
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Le Bars P, Kouadio AA, Amouriq Y, Bodic F, Blery P, Bandiaky ON. Different Polymers for the Base of Removable Dentures? Part II: A Narrative Review of the Dynamics of Microbial Plaque Formation on Dentures. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 16:40. [PMID: 38201705 PMCID: PMC10780608 DOI: 10.3390/polym16010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the current disparities and gaps in research on the characteristics of the oral ecosystem of denture wearers, making a unique contribution to the literature on this topic. We aimed to synthesize the literature on the state of current knowledge concerning the biological behavior of the different polymers used in prosthetics. Whichever polymer is used in the composition of the prosthetic base (poly methyl methacrylate acrylic (PMMA), polyamide (PA), or polyether ether ketone (PEEK)), the simple presence of a removable prosthesis in the oral cavity can disturb the balance of the oral microbiota. This phenomenon is aggravated by poor oral hygiene, resulting in an increased microbial load coupled with the reduced salivation that is associated with older patients. In 15-70% of patients, this imbalance leads to the appearance of inflammation under the prosthesis (denture stomatitis, DS). DS is dependent on the equilibrium-as well as on the reciprocal, fragile, and constantly dynamic conditions-between the host and the microbiome in the oral cavity. Several local and general parameters contribute to this balance. Locally, the formation of microbial plaque on dentures (DMP) depends on the phenomena of adhesion, aggregation, and accumulation of microorganisms. To limit DMP, apart from oral and lifestyle hygiene, the prosthesis must be polished and regularly immersed in a disinfectant bath. It can also be covered with an insulating coating. In the long term, relining and maintenance of the prosthesis must also be established to control microbial proliferation. On the other hand, several general conditions specific to the host (aging; heredity; allergies; diseases such as diabetes mellitus or cardiovascular, respiratory, or digestive diseases; and immunodeficiencies) can make the management of DS difficult. Thus, the second part of this review addresses the complexity of the management of DMP depending on the polymer used. The methodology followed in this review comprised the formulation of a search strategy, definition of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and selection of studies for analysis. The PubMed database was searched independently for pertinent studies. A total of 213 titles were retrieved from the electronic databases, and after applying the exclusion criteria, we selected 84 articles on the possible microbial interactions between the prosthesis and the oral environment, with a particular emphasis on Candida albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Le Bars
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Alain Ayepa Kouadio
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU, Abidjan P.O. Box 612, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Yves Amouriq
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - François Bodic
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Pauline Blery
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nantes University, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, F-44042 Nantes, France; (A.A.K.); (Y.A.); (F.B.); (P.B.)
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Octave Nadile Bandiaky
- Nantes University, Oniris, University of Angers, CHU Nantes (Clinical Investigation Unit Odontology), INSERM, Regenerative Medicine and Skeleton, RMeS, UMR 1229, F-44000 Nantes, France;
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3
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Taczała-Warga J, Sawicki J, Krasowski M, Sokołowski J. The Effect of Acrylic Surface Preparation on Bonding Denture Teeth to Cellulose Fiber-Reinforced Denture Base Acrylic. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:183. [PMID: 36278652 PMCID: PMC9590047 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients who require dental prosthetic restoration using frame dentures in the front part of the mouth very frequently report that teeth fall out of their dentures. However, the available scientific papers are insufficient to compare the various methods of improving the connection between the denture base and the artificial tooth and choosing the best solution. This paper focuses on providing all parameters, enabling the reproduction of tests, and accounting for all variables. The paper uses an original method of creating grooves, sandpaper, sandblasting, and cutting the acrylate layer with a burr in one and two directions. Developed surfaces were additionally subjected to detailed examination. This study used 180 specimens divided into three groups and subjected to various environments (dry, artificial saliva, and thermocycles). Shearing and tensile strength tests were performed. The best results were obtained with a carbide burr. The increase in connection durability was as follows in the case of the shear test: 116.47% in dry samples, 155.38% in samples soaked in artificial saliva, and 46.59% in samples after thermocycles. The increase in tensile resistance was: 198.96% in a dry environment, 88.10% before being soaked in artificial saliva, and 94.04% after thermocycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Taczała-Warga
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jacek Sawicki
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
| | - Michał Krasowski
- University Laboratory of Material Research, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sokołowski
- Department of General Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, Pomorska 251, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
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Influence of Incorporating 5% Weight Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles on Flexural Strength, Micro-Hardness, Surface Roughness and Water Sorption of Dental Self-Cured Acrylic Resin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14183767. [PMID: 36145912 PMCID: PMC9502913 DOI: 10.3390/polym14183767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used in fabricating acrylic denture bases. Repairing a fractured acrylic denture base can be done by self-cured PMMA, yet this is still a weak point after repair. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating 5% weight titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2) to self-cured PMMA on flexural strength, surface micro-hardness, roughness, and water sorption. Methods: A total of 160 acrylic–resin specimens were used in this study. They were divided in two main groups; (a) control group, prepared by mixing self-cured PMMA powder to its liquid monomer, (b) treated group, prepared by blending 5% weight TiO2 nanoparticles to self-cured PMMA powder then this blend was mixed with the liquid monomer. Flexure strength, surface micro-hardness, roughness, and water sorption were evaluated. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-tests (p ≤ 0.05). Results: There was a significant increase in the flexural strength of PMMA of the treated group after the addition of TiO2 (137.6 MPa) compared with the control (75.4 MPa) (p ≤ 0.001). No significant difference between the two groups in terms of micro-hardness (p = 0.385) and surface roughness (p = 0.269). Water sorption showed a significant reduction in the treated group (p ≤ 0.001). Conclusions: Addition of 5% weight TiO2 nanoparticles to the self-cured acrylic resin improved its flexural strength and reduced its water-sorption without impairing the surface micro-hardness and roughness.
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5
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Quezada MM, Salgado H, Correia A, Fernandes C, Fonseca P. Investigation of the Effect of the Same Polishing Protocol on the Surface Roughness of Denture Base Acrylic Resins. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10081971. [PMID: 36009518 PMCID: PMC9405739 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10081971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This investigation aims to determine the effect of the same polishing protocol on the surface roughness (Ra) of different resins obtained by different processing techniques. Acrylic resins obtained by CAD/CAM technology overcame the disadvantages identified in conventional materials. A total of thirty samples (six of each resin): self-cured, heat-polymerized, injection molded, CAD/CAM 3D-printed and CAD/CAM milled were prepared. JOTA® Kit 1877 DENTUR POLISH was used to polish the samples by two techniques: manual and mechanized, with a prototype for guided polishing exclusively developed for this investigation. The Ra was measured by a profilometer. The values were analyzed using ANOVA, Games−Howell post-hoc test and One-sample t-test, with p < 0.05. Manual polishing produces lower values of Ra compared to mechanized polishing, except for injected molded resins (p = 0.713). Manual polishing reveals significant differences between the resin pairs milling/3D-printing (p = 0.012) and thermopolymerizable/milling (p = 0.024). In the mechanized technique only, significant differences regarding the Ra values were found between the self-cured/3D-printed (p = 0.004) and self-cured/thermopolymerizable pair resins (p = 0.004). Differences in surface roughness values can be attributed to the inherent characteristics of the resin and the respective processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Martins Quezada
- Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Helena Salgado
- Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - André Correia
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Carlos Fernandes
- Faculty of Engeneering (FEUP), Universidade do Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Fonseca
- Centre of Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, 3504-505 Viseu, Portugal
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Onwubu SC, Mdluli PS. Comparative Analysis of Abrasive Materials and Polishing System on the Surface Roughness of Heat-Polymerized Acrylic Resins. Eur J Dent 2021; 16:573-579. [PMID: 34891181 PMCID: PMC9507551 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1736293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
The aim of this
in vitro
experiment was to see how the operator's manual skills, polishing equipment, and abrasive materials affected the surface roughness of denture base resins.
Materials and Methods
Forty polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) specimens were created and polished by using two different polishing systems, namely hand and automatic polishing machines. Three operators hand-polished 30 of specimens with eggshell powder and pumice, while 10 were automatically polished (
n
= 5). A profilometer was used to determine the average surface roughness (Ra) after polishing. The Ra values for the specimens hand-polished were analyzed by using paired sample testing. The Ra values for all polished specimens were analyzed by using a one-way ANOVA. Differences between the two abrasive materials as well as the polishing system were determined by using the Bonferonni tests (
p
= 0.05).
Results and Conclusion
For the PMMA specimens hand-polished, there was a strong connection in the Ra values. There were also significant variations in the Ra values across the three operators (
p
< 0.001). The automated technique created a substantially smoother surface than the traditional technique (
p
= 0.001). The greatest Ra values (0.20 µm) were found in specimens polished traditionally by using pumice, whereas the lowest Ra values (0.04 µm) were found in specimens polished mechanically with eggshell powder. The automated polishing system was the most effective polishing method when the Ra values were connected to the level of smoothness.
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7
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Melo CBF, Feitosa MD, Maia SDB, Barreto JO, Peixoto RF, Regis RR. Effect of a continuous mechanical polishing protocol on the color stainability, microhardness, mass, and surface roughness of denture base acrylic resin. J Prosthet Dent 2021; 126:796-802. [PMID: 34486976 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The acrylic resin used in dental prostheses, which is subject to changes in its properties caused by hygiene chemicals, brushing, and colored beverages, can benefit from mechanical polishing methods. However, studies evaluating whether such procedures can be performed continuously without damaging the prosthetic materials are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of a continuous mechanical polishing protocol on the color stainability, surface roughness, microhardness, and mass of a denture base acrylic resin. MATERIAL AND METHODS The polishing protocol was tested in specimens submitted to one of the following conditions: immersion in coffee (CF) (n=20); toothbrushing (Br, 35 600 cycles in a brushing simulation machine) (n=20); and immersion in 1% sodium hypochlorite (HYP) (n=20). For each condition, half of the specimens were polished (aluminum oxide paste and felt wheel attached to an electric motor, 3000 rpm) at simulated biweekly intervals. Two groups (n=10) of specimens were immersed in distilled water and used as the control for the immersion groups. Thus, the present study consisted of a total of 8 groups (n=80). Before and after simulated periods of 12 and 24 months, surface roughness was evaluated by using a contact profilometer; a spectrophotometer was used to calculate color changes (ΔE00); and a Knoop microdurometer and a precision balance were used to assess microhardness and mass changes. Data were compared by using 2-way mixed ANOVA. The Tukey HSD and Student t tests were used for post hoc analysis (α=.05). RESULTS The polishing influenced surface roughness (Br, CF, HYP: P<.001) and color stainability (Br: P=.008; CF: P<.001). Significant increase in roughness was observed for the Br and HYP groups, and the polishing significantly reduced roughness under all experimental conditions. In general, the polishing did not affect the microhardness and caused minimum wear of the acrylic resin. ΔE00 values were above the clinical perceptibility threshold (ΔE00>1.30) for the Br group, exceeding the clinical acceptability threshold for the CF group (ΔE00= 2.51). Polishing reduced ΔE00 in these groups, making values similar to those found in the groups immersed in distilled water. The color in the HYP group was not influenced by polishing. CONCLUSIONS In general, the tested polishing protocol reduced the deleterious effects of brushing and contact with 1% sodium hypochlorite and coffee, reducing surface roughness and color change without affecting microhardness and mass in any clinically relevant way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro B F Melo
- Postgraduate student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Federal University of Ceará (FFOE-UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Márcia D Feitosa
- Predoctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Federal University of Ceará (FFOE-UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Sabrina D B Maia
- Predoctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Federal University of Ceará (FFOE-UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Joel O Barreto
- Postgraduate student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Federal University of Ceará (FFOE-UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Raniel F Peixoto
- Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Federal University of Ceará (FFOE-UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Rômulo R Regis
- Adjunct Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Federal University of Ceará (FFOE-UFC), Fortaleza, Brazil.
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A Novel Polishing Paste (Mollusk Shells) for Poly (Methylmethacrylate). Int J Dent 2021; 2021:5511797. [PMID: 34306082 PMCID: PMC8272669 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5511797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a mollusk shells polishing paste (Donax obesulus) on the surface roughness of acrylic resin poly (methylmethacrylate) (PMMA). Methods This study was an in vitro experimental design. A sample size of 72 was divided into 4 groups of n = 18 each. PMMA specimens were prepared and polished with the evaluated pastes using mollusk shells (experimental paste) and pumice stone. Surface roughness (μm) was measured using a profilometer after polishing the PMMA samples. The paired Wilcoxon test was used to evaluate the roughness values at 24 and 48 hours. Then, the Mann-Whitney U test was used to identify the differences between the effects of the two groups evaluated with a significance level of α = 0.05. Results The roughness difference between the pastes under study was compared, and mean values of 0.50 ± 0.07 μm (mollusk shell paste group) and 0.45 ± 0.12 μm (pumice group) were obtained. No statistically significant differences were found between the experimental paste and pumice stone paste (p=0.309). The specimens polished with pumice stone paste showed higher roughness values, while those polished with the experimental paste exhibited the lowest values. Conclusion. In summary, mollusk shells polishing paste had a decrease in roughness values compared to pumice, although these differences were not statistically significant.
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Ajay R, Suma K, Rakshagan V, Ambedkar E, Lalithamanohari V, Sreevarun M. Effect of Novel Cycloaliphatic Comonomer on Surface Roughness and Surface Hardness of Heat-cure Denture Base Resin. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:S67-S72. [PMID: 33149433 PMCID: PMC7595474 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_20_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a widely used resin in the field of prosthodontics for fabricating myriad orofacial prostheses. Albeit several advantages, it possesses certain lacunae concerning physicomechanical properties. Purpose: This in vitro research aimed to evaluate the surface roughness (SR) and hardness (SH) of heat-cured PMMA processed with a cycloaliphatic monomer, tricyclodecane dimethanol diacrylate (TCDDMDA), in methyl methacrylate at various concentrations. Materials and Methods: Groups have been divided into control (SRC and SHC) and experimental groups (SR10 and 20; SH10 and 20). Forty-five PMMA disc specimens were prepared. SR was assessed using a nanomechanical testing machine and the arithmetic roughness (Ra) was recorded. The same specimens were then subjected to Vicker’s microhardness testing and Vicker’s hardness number (VHN) was obtained. Data were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Bonferroni tests (α=0.05). Results: The mean (standard deviation [SD]) of SRC, SR10, and 20 groups were 111.415 nm (0.789), 62.666 nm (0.482), and 41.004 nm (0.561), respectively. The mean (SD) VHN of SHC, SH10, and 20 groups were 21.003 (0.252), 23.975 (0.207), and 34.622 (0.079), respectively. Conclusion: The addition of TCDDMDA markedly decreased the SR and increased the SH of the experimental groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranganathan Ajay
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Elaiyampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthigeyan Suma
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Rajah Muthiah Dental College & Hospital, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vikraman Rakshagan
- Department of Prosthodontics and Implant Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Elumalai Ambedkar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Sri Venkateshwara Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Vellingiri Lalithamanohari
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, Vivekanandha Dental College for Women, Elaiyampalayam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Murugesan Sreevarun
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown & Bridge, Best Dental Science College & Hospital, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Corrosion Characteristics of Rolling Oil on the Rolled Copper Foil. MATERIALS 2020; 13:ma13214933. [PMID: 33153025 PMCID: PMC7662263 DOI: 10.3390/ma13214933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Static corrosion experiments were carried out to investigate the corrosion of each kind of component in the rolling oil on the rolled copper foil. The surface morphology and chemical composition of corrosion products were detected by a digital camera, scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results showed that the maximum corrosion rate of rolled copper foil in the base stock and friction modifiers (butyl stearate and dodecanol) was close to zero, while that of rolled copper foil in the N-containing borate, phosphate and the fully formulated rolling oil were 0.17, 1.12 and 0.78 mm/a, respectively. The color of rolled copper foil changing from pink into purple-black when corroded in the N-containing borate. The composition of it was mainly CuO and Cu2O with some N-containing borate adsorbed on it. However, the color and composition of the corroded copper foil in the phosphate were similar to that of the original copper foil. It was complicated for the corroded copper foil in the fully formulated rolling oil, which showed characteristics both in the N-containing borate and in the phosphate according to different positions. It indicated that there might be little corrosion for the base stock and friction modifiers on the rolled copper foil. It might mainly be extreme pressure additives (N-containing borate and phosphate) that caused the corrosion of rolled copper foil. There might be competition between N-containing borate and phosphate for the corrosion of rolled copper foil in the fully formulated rolling oil, resulting in a lower corrosion rate compared with that in the phosphate.
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11
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Bitencourt SB, Catanoze IA, da Silva EVF, Dos Santos PH, Dos Santos DM, Turcio KHL, Guiotti AM. Effect of acidic beverages on surface roughness and color stability of artificial teeth and acrylic resin. J Adv Prosthodont 2020; 12:55-60. [PMID: 32377317 PMCID: PMC7183855 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2020.12.2.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to evaluate the effect of four acidic beverages on the roughness (Ra) and color change (ΔEab) of two brands of artificial teeth and a heat-polymerized acrylic resin (HPAR) for use in a prosthetic base. MATERIALS AND METHODS All materials were divided into 5 groups, according to the used acidic beverage (artificial saliva - control, red wine, orange juice, coke-based, and lemon juice-based soft drink). The immersion process was divided into two stages: T1 - immersion in the acidic solutions for 10 minutes for 14 days; T2 - after T1, the samples were immersed in grape juice for 14 days. The Ra of the samples was evaluated in a rugosimeter and the ΔEab in a spectrophotometer, before and after the immersions. The analysis of variance of one (ΔEab) and two factors (Ra) and Tukey were performed (α=.05). RESULTS There was a statistical difference for roughness after immersion (T1) for Trilux and Tritone teeth, regardless of the acid solution. For Trilux teeth, all acid solutions increased Ra (P<.05). For Tritone teeth, only the coke-based soft drink did not statistically change Ra. Grape juice (T2) altered Ra only of artificial teeth (P<.05). The color was changed for all materials, after T1 and T2. CONCLUSION In general, the acidic solutions changed the Ra and ΔEab of HPAR and artificial teeth after T1. The grape juice altered the roughness only of the artificial teeth, promoting a clinically acceptable color change in the materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Basso Bitencourt
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Araguê Catanoze
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emily Vivianne Freitas da Silva
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Micheline Dos Santos
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Helga Leal Turcio
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aimée Maria Guiotti
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Onwubu SC, Mdluli PS, Singh S. The effect of colloidal silica and diamond suspensions on the surface roughness of automatically finished heat-polymerized acrylic resin. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:485.e1-485.e5. [PMID: 30173894 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM On an acrylic resin denture base, a smooth and highly polished surface is important to maintain oral health and prevent bacterial colonization. It is unclear how best to obtain such a surface. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to examine the effect of both colloidal silica and diamond suspension abrasives on the roughness values of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base material. MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty PMMA specimens were fabricated and divided into 3 groups (n=10). Each was automatically polished using a diamond suspension, a colloidal silica suspension, and pumice. The mean roughness value (Ra) after polishing was recorded using a profilometer. An optical electron microscope was further used to evaluate the smoothness of the polished surface. ANOVA was used to analyze the roughness average (Ra) values for all polished specimens. A multicomparison test with Bonferroni correction was used to identify the mean differences among the 3 abrasive materials (α=.05). RESULTS The Ra values measured for the colloidal silica suspension and pumice were statistically different (P<.001). Equally, statistical differences were observed between the diamond suspension and pumice abrasives (P<.05). No significant differences were found between the diamond and colloidal silica suspensions (P>.05). The PMMA specimens polished using pumice had the highest Ra values, whereas specimens polished using the colloidal silica suspension had the lowest Ra values. CONCLUSIONS The colloidal silica produced the lowest Ra values and was the most effective polishing material for denture base resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Chibuzor Onwubu
- Postgraduate student, Dental Sciences, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa.
| | - Phumlane Selby Mdluli
- Senior Lecturer, Chemistry, Durban University of Technology (DUT), Durban, South Africa
| | - Shenuka Singh
- Senior Lecturer, Dentistry, University of KwaZulu-Natal (UKZN), Durban, South Africa
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13
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Barreto JDO, de Alencar-Silva FJ, Oliveira VC, Silva-Lovato CH, Silva PG, Regis RR. The Effect of a Continuous Mechanical Polishing Protocol on Surface Roughness, Biofilm Adhesion, and Color Stability of Acrylic Resin Artificial Teeth. J Prosthodont 2018; 28:e110-e117. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Joel de Oliveira Barreto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Flávia Jucá de Alencar-Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Viviane Cássia Oliveira
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Cláudia Helena Silva-Lovato
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Ribeirão Preto Dental School; University of São Paulo; Ribeirão Preto Brazil
| | - Paulo Goberlânio Silva
- Department of Dental Clinic, Division of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Rômulo Rocha Regis
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry, and Nursing; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza Brazil
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14
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Physicochemical characterization of a dental eggshell powder abrasive material. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2017; 15:e341-e346. [PMID: 28574098 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the physicochemical characteristics of an eggshell-based dental abrasive material. METHODS The eggshell powder abrasive material (EPAM) was synthesized by ball milling eggshell powder and surfactants. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a laser diffraction particle size analyzer (PSA) were used to characterize EPAM. In addition, the abrasive characteristics of EPAM were evaluated by comparison using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) resins. Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using a profilometer. RESULTS The FTIR spectroscopy and XRD analysis confirmed that the carbonate product was primarily calcite (97.3%) with traces of graphite 2H (1.3%) and thenardite (1.4%). The TEM imagery revealed irregular particles in EPAM. The PSA analysis of the particle size distribution showed EPAM to be a superfine powder (0.3 µm to 50 nm). In addition, the 50-nm EPAM (Ra = 0.04 µm) measured the lowest Ra value when compared with pumice (Ra = 0.08 µm). CONCLUSIONS The salient features of this study indicate that EPAM can naturally replace calcite, which is generally mined and used as a dental abrasive material. In addition, and regarding the abrasive characteristics of EPAM in reducing the surface roughness of PMMA resin specimens, this study conclusively showed that EPAM effectively reduces the surface roughness below the threshold limit value of 0.2 µm. Potentially, EPAM could reduce waste disposal problems while enabling an economic benefit from using eggshell waste material.
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15
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Consani RLX, Folli BL, Nogueira MCF, Correr AB, Mesquita MF. Effect of Polymerization Cycles on Gloss, Roughness, Hardness and Impact Strength of Acrylic Resins. Braz Dent J 2017; 27:176-80. [PMID: 27058380 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201600733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the conventional and boiled polymerization cycles on gloss, roughness, hardness and impact strength of acrylic resins. Samples were made for each Classico and QC-20 materials (n=10) in dental stone molds obtained from rectangular metallic matrices embedded in metallic flasks. The powder-liquid ratio and manipulation of the acrylic resins' were accomplished according to manufacturers' instructions and the resins were conventionally packed in metallic flasks. After polymerization by (1) conventional: 74 °C for 9 h (Classico) and (2) boiled: 20 min (QC-20) cycles, the samples were deflasked after cooling at room temperature and conventionally finished and polished. The properties were evaluated after storage in water at 37 °C for 24 h. Gloss was verified with Multi Gloss 268 meter (Konica Minolta), surface roughness was measured with Surfcorder SE 1700 rugosimeter (Kosaka), Knoop hardness number was obtained with HMV-200 microdurometer, and impact strength was measured in an Otto Wolpert-Werke device by Charpy system (40 kpcm). Data were subjected to Student's t-test (at α=0.05). The results were: Gloss: 67.7 and 62.2 for Classico and QC-20 resins, respectively; Surface roughness: 0.874 and 1.469 Ra-µm for Classico and QC-20, respectively; Knoop hardness: 27.4 and 26.9 for Classico and QC-20, respectively; and Impact strength: 37.6 and 33.6 kgf/cm2 for Classico and QC-20, respectively. No statistically significant difference (p>0.05)were found between the resins for the evaluated properties. In conclusion, conventional and boiled polymerization cycles had similar effects on gloss, roughness, hardness and impact strength of both Classico and QC-20 resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consani
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Dental School of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca L Folli
- Dental School of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Moises C F Nogueira
- Dental School of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Americo Bortolazzo Correr
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F Mesquita
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology, Dental School of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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16
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Reducing the surface roughness of dental acrylic resins by using an eggshell abrasive material. J Prosthet Dent 2017; 117:310-314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2016.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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17
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Kotha SB, Ramakrishnaiah R, Devang Divakar D, Celur SL, Qasim S, Matinlinna JP. Effect of disinfection and sterilization on the tensile strength, surface roughness, and wettability of elastomers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 8. [PMID: 27782374 DOI: 10.1111/jicd.12244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of chemical disinfection, autoclave, and microwave sterilization on some of the key properties of elastomers. METHODS Five polyvinylsiloxane elastomeric impression materials were evaluated. Forty samples were fabricated from each material. The samples were randomly selected and assigned to four experimental groups with 50 samples each: group I, control; group II,chemical disinfection; group III, autoclave sterilization; and group IV, microwave sterilization. The differences in the mean values were contrasted and compared with the control group and analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (P < 0.05). RESULTS The results showed that chemical disinfection and autoclave sterilization had no significant effect on the tensile strength and surface roughness, whereas microwave sterilization showed a statistically-significant reduction in tensile strength, and an increase in surface roughness. None of the disinfection and sterilization techniques had a significant effect on wettability. However, autoclave and microwave sterilization resulted in an increase in hydrophilicity of all the materials tested. CONCLUSION Chemical disinfection and autoclave sterilization had no statistically-significant effect on the tested properties of elastomers, thus autoclave sterilization can be considered as an alternative and an effective mode of disinfection and sterilization to eliminate all forms of disease causing microorganisms from dental impressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Babu Kotha
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Riyadh Colleges of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ravikumar Ramakrishnaiah
- Department of Dental Health, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Darshan Devang Divakar
- Department of Dental Health, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sree Lalita Celur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Princess Noura Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saad Qasim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kroto Research Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Jukka P Matinlinna
- Department of Dental Health, Dental Biomaterials Research Chair, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Dental Materials Science, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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18
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Le Bars P, Kouadio AA, N'goran JK, Badran Z, Soueidan A. Relationship between removable prosthesis and some systemics disorders. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2016; 15:292-9. [PMID: 26929530 PMCID: PMC4762353 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.171828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews the dental literature concerning the potential impact of the removable prosthesis (RP) on the health status of patients with certain systemic diseases. Literature was surveyed using Medline/PubMed database resources, as well as a manual search, up to 2015 to identify appropriate articles that addressed the aim of this review. The research used keywords about associations between RP and six pathologies: Human immunodeficiency virus infection, diabetes mellitus, pulmonary diseases, gastric-Helicobacter pylori, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Analysis of literature showed that in patients with dentures having one or more of the six general conditions listed, Candida albicans organism is more frequently found in the oral flora compared to healthy denture wearer. Although causality has not been established and pending further research on this topic, the hygienic practices necessary to minimize the risk of numerous pathologies should be strengthened in the case of these patients, all the more in the presence of physical or psychological disability. The relationship between the general diseases and increasing of oral candidiasis denture patients is not explained. Therefore, attention to oral hygiene and professional care for removing C. albicans may be beneficial in these medically compromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Le Bars
- Department of Prosthodonthics, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU Nantes, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Alain Ayepa Kouadio
- Department of Prosthodonthics, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU Nantes, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France; Department of Prosthodonthics, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU, Abidjan 22 BP 612, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Justin Koffi N'goran
- Department of Prosthodonthics, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU, Abidjan 22 BP 612, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire
| | - Zahi Badran
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU Nantes, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France
| | - Assem Soueidan
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, CHU Nantes, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44042 Nantes, France
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Rao DC, Kalavathy N, Mohammad HS, Hariprasad A, Kumar CR. Evaluation of the surface roughness of three heat-cured acrylic denture base resins with different conventional lathe polishing techniques: A comparative study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2016; 15:374-80. [PMID: 26929542 PMCID: PMC4762348 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.164910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Surface roughness promotes adhesion and colonization of denture plaque. Therefore, it is important to know the effects of polishing and finishing on the surface roughness of various acrylic resin materials. OBJECTIVES To evaluate and compare the effects of different conventional lathe polishing techniques on heat cured acrylic resins in producing surface roughness. MATERIALS AND METHODS Three different commercially available heat-cured acrylic resin materials namely DPI, Meliodent and Trevalon Hi were selected. 30 Specimens of each acrylic material (30 x 3 = 90, 10 x 60 x 2mm) were prepared and divided into 5 groups, each group consisted of 6 Nos. of specimens per material(6x3=18) and were grouped as Group A(unfinished), Group B (finished), Group C (Polishing Paste), Group D (Polishing Cake) and Group E (Pumice and Gold rouge). The resulted surface roughness (μm) was measured using Perthometer and observed under Scanning Electron Microscope. The values obtained were subjected statistical analyses. RESULTS Among the materials tested, better results were obtained with Trevalon Hi followed by Meliodent and DPI. Among the polishing methods used, superior results were obtained with universal polishing paste followed by polishing cake; Pumice and Gold rouge. Although Pumice and Gold rouge values produced greater roughness value, they were well within the threshold value of 0.2 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N Kalavathy
- Department of Prosthodontics, DAPMRV Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - H S Mohammad
- Department of Prosthodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - A Hariprasad
- Department of Prosthodontics, MR Ambedkar Dental College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - C Ravi Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics, Mamata Dental College, Khammam, Telangana, India
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Mahross HZ, Mohamed MD, Hassan AM, Baroudi K. Effect of Cigarette Smoke on Surface Roughness of Different Denture Base Materials. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZC39-42. [PMID: 26501010 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/14580.6488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surface roughness is an important property of denture bases since denture bases are in contact with oral tissues and a rough surface may affect tissues health due to microorganism accumulation. Therefore, the effect of cigarette smoke on the surface roughness of two commercially available denture base materials was evaluated to emphasize which type has superior properties for clinical use. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total numbers of 40 specimens were constructed from two commercially available denture base materials; heat-cured PMMA and visible light cured UDMA resins (20 for each). The specimens for each type were randomly divided into: Group I: Heat cured resin control group; Group II: Heat cured acrylic resin specimens exposed to cigarette smoking; Group III: Light cured resin control group; Group IV: Light cured resin specimens exposed to cigarette smoking. The control groups used for immersion in distilled water and the smoke test groups used for exposure to cigarette smoking. The smoke test groups specimens were exposed to smoking in a custom made smoking chamber by using 20 cigarettes for each specimen. The surface roughness was measured by using Pocket SurfPS1 profilometer and the measurements considered as the difference between the initial and final roughness measured before and after smoking. RESULTS The t-test for paired observation of test specimens after exposure to smoking was indicated significant change in surface roughness for Group II (p< 0.05) but has no significance with Group IV. Otherwise, there were no significant differences with control groups (Group I and III). CONCLUSION The surface roughness of the dentures constructed from heat cured acrylic resin had been increased after exposure to cigarette smoke but had no impact on the dentures constructed from visible light cured resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada Zaki Mahross
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Alfarabi Collages , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Mohammed Hassan
- Assistant Professor, Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Collages , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kusai Baroudi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Alfarabi Collages , Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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