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Kim JH, Byeon SM, Bae TS, Jang YS, Lee MH, Ahn SG. Impact of liner treatment on the translucency of CAD/CAM multi-colored lithium disilicate and multi-layered zirconia implant-supported crowns, and evaluation of fracture strength of ceramic crowns. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00998-y. [PMID: 39375252 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00998-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the optical properties of liner-treated CAD/CAM Multi-colored lithium disilicate (Amber Mill Direct; AMD) and multi-layered zirconia (Omega multi; OM) implant-supported crowns, as well as their effect on the fracture strength of Ti or Zr abutments to which they were applied. After sintering AMD and OM ceramic blocks, they were classified into three groups: untreated, liner-treated, and liner-treated with added color. Optical properties were evaluated by analyzing color differences using background materials to assess translucency and the masking ability of liner-treated ceramics. Subsequently, the fracture strength of implant-supported crowns applied to Ti or Zr abutments was measured, and statistical analysis was conducted using Weibull statistics. Untreated AMD exhibited the highest translucency. Liner treatment reduced translucency in both ceramics, while color-added liner treatment increased translucency. Liner-treated AMD showed greater color difference compared to OM, whereas color-added liner treatment reduced the color difference. Fracture strength was highest in Ti abutment-OM crowns (548.03 N) and lowest in Zr abutment-AMD crowns (283.58 N). Additionally, the Weibull coefficient was over twice as high in Ti abutment-AMD crowns (m = 17.500). Color liners can adjust the high translucency of lithium disilicate ceramics to block discoloration, providing natural tooth-like color and enabling the creation of esthetic restorations. Furthermore, lithium disilicate ceramic crowns applied to Ti abutments exhibited high Weibull coefficients and fracture strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Kim
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Byeon
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Biodegradable Materials, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Sung Bae
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Biodegradable Materials, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Seok Jang
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Biodegradable Materials, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- Department of Dental Biomaterials, Institute of Biodegradable Materials, Institute of Oral Bioscience, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Geun Ahn
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 567 Baekje-daero Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, 54896, Republic of Korea.
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Giti R, Hosseinpour Aghaei M, Mohammadi F. The effect of repeated porcelain firings on the marginal fit of millable and conventional casting alloys. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0275374. [PMID: 37874843 PMCID: PMC10597472 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The durability of dental restorations is highly determined by an accurate marginal fit, which is in turn affected by the high temperature of porcelain firing. Information is inadequate about the marginal adaptation of metal-ceramic restorations fabricated by soft metal milling technologies after repeated firings. This study aimed to compare the effect of repeated ceramic firings on the marginal fit of copings fabricated from cobalt-chromium through soft metal milling and a conventional nickel-chromium casting alloy. A single standard brass die was designed, machined, and scanned, based on which, 20 frameworks were designed and fabricated through either soft metal milling or conventional casting (n = 10 per group) and porcelain veneered. The vertical marginal fit of the metal copings was measured after 3, 5, and 7 firing cycles by using a digital microscope on 16 points around the finish line of the metal die at ×80 magnification. The data were analyzed through repeated measures ANOVA and independent t-test (α = 0.05). The marginal fit of neither metal group was significantly affected by the number of firing cycles (P = 0.747). However, the marginal discrepancy was statistically lower in the soft metal milling group than that in the casting group (P<0.001). Repeated porcelain firings did not significantly affect the marginal fit of either alloy and remained within the clinically acceptable range after firings. However, the milled alloy had superior marginal fit regardless of the number of firing cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Mahdi Hosseinpour Aghaei
- Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Farhad Mohammadi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Care Services, Yazd, Iran
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Meister J, Kaschuba N, Romer M, Bourauel C. Influence of Cementation on the Aesthetical Appearance of Full-Ceramic Restorations. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:1236. [PMID: 36770241 PMCID: PMC9919653 DOI: 10.3390/ma16031236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The use of dental ceramics as restorative materials requires corresponding luting materials (cements) that, in turn, influence the visual appearance of the restoration. Due to the high light transmission through the ceramics, the cements can affect the color perception of the dental restoration. This study aims to investigate the optical effects of various cements on the visual appearance of full-ceramic restorations. Three fixing polymer resins (Bifix SE (VOCO GmbH, Cuxhafen, Germany), BreezeTM (Pentron Clinical, West Collins Orange, CA, USA), and PanaviaTM F. 2.0 (Kuraray, Noritake, Osaka, Japan)), with layer thicknesses of 50, 100, 200, and 250 µm, were applied onto a ceramic base model (0.4 mm thick), and irradiated with laser light of wavelengths 532, 632.8, and 1064 nm. Light intensities and scattering effects of light of various wavelengths were angle-dependent, analyzed using a goniophotometer with perpendicular light incidence on the sample specimen (base model plus luting material). In addition, the transmitted power of the light through the sample specimen was determined as a function of the layer thickness. With increasing layer thickness, power losses of respectively 30% for Bifix SE and BreezeTM in the visible spectral range were comparable, whereas PanaviaTM F. 2.0 showed a power loss of ca. 44% here. For the near-infrared range, the power losses for all cements were 25%. This could be confirmed by the interpretation of the line widths. Moreover, the line widths for thin cement layer thicknesses (50 and 100 µm) in the visible spectral range displayed only a redistribution of light by scattering, which does not affect color perception at all. In addition, at 200 and 250 µm, absorption occurred which causes a change in color perception. Within the scope of this study, it could be shown that for thin-layer thicknesses of the cement applied here, there is no adverse optical effect on the aesthetic visual appearance of the restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Meister
- Department of Periodontology, Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19839 69411, Iran
| | | | | | - Christoph Bourauel
- Center of Applied Medical Laser Research and Biomedical Optics (AMLaReBO), Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Oral Technology, Bonn University, 53111 Bonn, Germany
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Alfouzan AF, Alnafaiy SM, Alsaleh LS, Bawazir NH, Al-Otaibi HN, Taweel SMA, Alshehri HA, Labban N. Effects of background color and thickness on the optical properties of CAD-CAM resin-matrix ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2022; 128:497.e1-497.e9. [PMID: 35864022 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Information regarding the masking ability of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) resin-matrix ceramic materials with different compositions is scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of background color and thickness on the optical properties (color and translucency) of CAD-CAM resin-matrix ceramics. MATERIAL AND METHODS Twelve rectangular specimens were fabricated at a different thickness (1, 1.5, and 2 mm) (n=12) from each of the resin-matrix ceramic materials: Shofu block (SB), Lava Ultimate (LU), CERASMART (CS), VITA ENAMIC (VE), Crystal Ultra (CU), and the VITABLOCS Mark II feldspathic ceramic (VB). The color of the specimens over amalgam, titanium, enamel, and dentin backgrounds was measured with a spectrophotometer, and the color differences (ΔE∗ab) were calculated by using the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) 76 formula. The difference in color of the specimen over the black and white backgrounds was used to calculate the translucency parameter (TP). ANOVA was used to statistically test whether material, background, and thicknesses influenced ΔE∗ab and TP values. Post hoc comparisons were performed to determine the significant difference among the groups (α=.05). RESULTS The interaction with 2 between factors demonstrated that the material was a factor that significantly influenced ΔE∗ab (P<.001). The highest mean ±standard deviation of ΔE∗ab was recorded in the combination of VB material and 2-mm thickness (1.84 ±0.37), and the lowest with CS material with 1.5-mm thickness (0.47 ±0.24). The type of material and specimen thickness significantly influenced TP (P<.001). The highest and lowest mean ±standard deviation of TP were recorded for the 1-mm-thick CS (14.20 ±0.90) and 2-mm-thick SB (4.91 ±0.42) specimens, respectively. CONCLUSIONS CERASMART resin-matrix ceramic and VITABLOCS Mark II feldspathic ceramic exhibited high and low masking abilities over the investigated background substrates, respectively. However, irrespective of the thickness, all study materials exhibited acceptable masking abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afnan F Alfouzan
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sarah M Alnafaiy
- Postgraduate student, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama S Alsaleh
- Dental Intern, King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noor H Bawazir
- Dental Intern, King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan N Al-Otaibi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara M Al Taweel
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda A Alshehri
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf Labban
- Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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The effect of aging on the fracture resistance of different types of screw-cement-retained implant-supported zirconia-based restorations. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0270527. [PMID: 35749553 PMCID: PMC9232153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0270527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural durability of screw-cement-retained implant-supported zirconia-based restorations is an important factor in choosing the best type of restoration for clinical use. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thermocycling on the fracture resistance of different types of screw-cement-retained implant-supported zirconia-based restoration. Two experimental groups (monolithic zirconia and porcelain-veneered zirconia) and a control group of porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations were fabricated via CAD-CAM (n = 14 per group). Half of the specimens of each group (n = 7) were subjected to 10000 thermal cycles. The compressive force was applied and the force leading to fracture was measured by using a Universal Testing Machine. The fractured modes were classified under a scanning electron microscope. The data were analyzed through two-way ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and independent samples t-test (α = 0.05). Among the non-thermocycled subgroups, the monolithic zirconia specimens were significantly more fracture-resistant than the porcelain-veneered zirconia and porcelain-fused-to-metal groups (P<0.05); but it was not the same with aging (P>0.05). Thermocycling decreased the fracture resistance of all groups; however, the difference was not statistically significant (P<0.05). The monolithic zirconia presented higher fracture resistance than the bilayered restorations for screw-cement retained implant-supported restorations. Thermocycling decreased the fracture resistance of all types of restorations insignificantly which can be clinically important.
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Ozisci O, Kucukesmen HC. Evaluation of color change before and after polymerization of laminate veneer restorations: A clinical study. Niger J Clin Pract 2022; 25:841-848. [DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1814_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shi SY, Gu XY. A randomized controlled study on color stability of tetracycline teeth restored with ceramic veneer. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2021; 39:336-340. [PMID: 34041884 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the color stability of tetracycline teeth restored with ceramic veneers of different thicknesses combined with different resin cement systems after aging. METHODS Twenty patients with tetracycline teeth, including two maxillary central incisors, were selected clinically. The patients were randomly divided into four groups and restored with 0.5 and 0.75 mm ceramic veneers by using a veneer adhesive system, either with light-cured or dual-cured reaction. The color difference (ΔE) values after cementation and 1, 6, 12, and 24 months of use were obtained by quantification of L*, a*, and b* values with a colorimeter. The results were analyzed statistically with two-way ANOVA and Student's t test. RESULTS The ΔE values of ceramic veneers detected after aging were less than 2.25. The 0.5 mm groups exhibited greater color change than the 0.75 mm-thick veneers (P<0.05). No significant difference was found on the color change of dual- or light-cured resin cements. CONCLUSIONS Resin cements and veneer thickness influence the color of ceramic veneers after aging. Cementation of veneers with either dual- or light-cured resin cements does not affect the long-term color stability of tetracycline teeth differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ya Shi
- Dept. of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214000, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Gu
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People,s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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Giti R, Dabiri S, Motamedifar M, Derafshi R. Surface roughness, plaque accumulation, and cytotoxicity of provisional restorative materials fabricated by different methods. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0249551. [PMID: 33819292 PMCID: PMC8021148 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fabricating method may affect the surface properties and biological characteristics of provisional restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the surface roughness, plaque accumulation, and cytotoxicity of provisional restorative materials fabricated by the conventional, digital subtractive and additive methods. Sixty-six bar-shaped specimens (2×4×10 mm) were fabricated by using provisional restorative materials through the conventional, digital subtractive and additive methods (n = 22 per group). Ten specimens of each group were used for surface roughness and plaque accumulation tests, 10 specimens for cytotoxicity assay, and 2 specimens of each group were used for qualitative assessment by scanning electron microscopy. The Ra (roughness average) and Rz (roughness height) values (μm) were measured via profilometer, and visual inspection was performed through scanning electron microscopy. Plaque accumulation of Streptococcus mutans and cytotoxicity on human gingival fibroblast-like cells were evaluated. The data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test (α = 0.05). Surface roughness, biofilm accumulation and cytotoxicity were significantly different among the groups (P<0.05). Surface roughness was significantly higher in the conventional group (P<0.05); however, the two other groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). Significantly higher bacterial attachment was observed in the additive group than the subtractive (P<0.001) and conventional group (P = 0.025); while, the conventional and subtractive groups were statistically similar (P = 0.111). Regarding the cytotoxicity, the additive group had significantly higher cell viability than the subtractive group (P = 0.006); yet, the conventional group was not significantly different from the additive (P = 0.354) and subtractive group (P = 0.101). Surface roughness was the highest in conventionally cured group; but, the additive group had the most plaque accumulation and lowest cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashin Giti
- Department of Prosthodontics, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Shima Dabiri
- Department of Prosthodontics, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Mohammad Motamedifar
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
| | - Reza Derafshi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran
- * E-mail:
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Önöral Ö, Günal-Abduljalil B, Ongun S. Effect of color of the cement and the composite resin foundation on the resultant color of resin-matrix ceramics. J Prosthet Dent 2020; 125:351.e1-351.e7. [PMID: 33172651 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM An improper restoration color match to the adjacent natural teeth can jeopardize esthetic success. The type of resin-matrix ceramic (RMC), the shade of the underlying foundation, and the shade of cement may affect the optical behavior of RMC materials, but studies on this issue are lacking. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the cumulative effect of different shades of composite resin foundation (CRF) and cement on the optical behaviors of 3 different RMCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty-five rectangular RMC specimens (14×12×1 mm, shade A2) were prepared from 3 different blocks, including a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (Vita Enamic [VE]), a resin nanoceramic (Lava Ultimate [LU]), and a flexible nanoparticle-filled resin (GC Cerasmart [GC]) (n=15 per RMC block). CRFs (14×12×4 mm) were fabricated in white and dentin shades (n=1 per composite resin shade). Cement specimens (G-CEM LinkForce) were prepared from 3 shades (A2, opaque [OP], and translucent [TR]) (n=15 per shade). For control groups, 3 rectangular RMC foundations (14×12×4 mm) were also milled from RMC blocks (n=1 per block). Color coordinates were recorded by using a digital spectrophotometer. The coordinates of 4-mm-thick RMC foundations served as the control groups. The coordinates of RMC specimens on each combination of CRF and cement served as test groups. The CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formula was used to assess color differences. Data were subjected to 3-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference (HSD) tests (α=.05). RESULTS ΔE00 values of specimens were influenced by the CRF shade, cement shade, RMC type, as well as the interaction terms of the 3 variables (P<.001). Color differences in groups VE-A2-dentin, VE-OP-dentin, LU-OP-dentin, and GC-OP-dentin showed perceptible but clinically acceptable values (0.8<ΔE00≤1.8). The highest and lowest ΔE00 values were observed in the white-OP-LU (5.32 ±0.34) and dentin-OP-VE (0.94 ±0.31) groups. CONCLUSIONS Opaque cement on the white foundation led to the highest ΔE00 values in the resultant colors of all RMC groups. When used with the same shade on the dentin foundation, this cement produced clinically acceptable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özay Önöral
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Burcu Günal-Abduljalil
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Salim Ongun
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Nicosia, Mersin, Turkey
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Ongun S, Önöral Ö, Günal-Abduljalil B. Evaluation of shade correspondence between current monolithic CAD/CAM blocks and target shade tab by considering the influence of cement shade and restorative material thickness. Odontology 2020; 109:393-402. [PMID: 32989521 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-020-00554-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It was aimed to evaluate shade matching between novel CAD/CAM blocks and the A2 target shade tab by considering the influence of cement shade and restorative material thickness on the chromatic background. A total number of 120 rectangular-shaped specimens were subtracted from four different prefabricated CAD/CAM blocks [Vita Enamic (VE), Lava Ultimate (LU), GC Cerasmart (GC), and Vita Mark II (VMII)]. These specimens had thicknesses of 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm. Three different shades (A2, opaque, and translucent) of dual-polymerized resin cement were chosen. The dentin shade (A3.5) restorative composite foundation was incrementally fabricated in a silicon mold. For control group, the A2 shade tab of the Vitapan classical shade guide was used. Different restorative material-cement-foundation assemblies were generated with optic gel. Color readings were performed by using a clinical spectrophotometer, and CIEDE2000 (ΔE00) formula was used to assess color differences. Data were statistically analyzed (α = 0.05). With increasing thickness, color difference values decreased. Higher mean ΔE00 units were observed in all restorative material sub-groups for 0.5 mm thickness. In TR shade, no statistically significant difference was detected among the mean ΔE00 values of 0.5 mm-thick restorative materials. Color differences in groups 1.0 mm-opaque-LU and 1.0 mm-opaque-GC indicated perceptible but clinically acceptable values (0.8˂ΔE00 ≤ 1.8). The highest and lowest ΔE00 units were observed in the 0.5 mm-A2-VE group (ΔE00 = 7.07) and 1 mm-opaque-GC group (ΔE00 = 1.46), respectively. Luting cement shade, restorative material type, and thickness significantly influenced the resultant color of restoration. Opaque cement on dentin foundation exhibited lower color differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Ongun
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Mersin 10, Nicosia, Turkey.
| | - Özay Önöral
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Mersin 10, Nicosia, Turkey
| | - Burcu Günal-Abduljalil
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, Near East Boulevard, 99138, Mersin 10, Nicosia, Turkey
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Fathi A, Farzin M, Giti R, Kalantari MH. Effects of number of firings and veneer thickness on the color and translucency of 2 different zirconia-based ceramic systems. J Prosthet Dent 2019; 122:565.e1-565.e7. [PMID: 31699449 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2019.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Color matching between a zirconia-based ceramic restoration and a natural tooth is a common clinical challenge. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the effects of the number of firings, veneer thickness, and zirconia core translucency on the final color and translucency of zirconia-based ceramic restorations. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty disk-shaped zirconia specimens (10×1 mm) were prepared in high and low translucencies (n=30 per translucency group). Each zirconia group was subdivided into 3 subgroups (n=10) veneered with ceramic layers of 0.5-, 1-, and 1.5-mm thicknesses. The specimens were then subjected to 1, 3, 5, and 7 firing times. Color and translucency parameters were measured by using a spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed by using multifactorial repeated measures ANOVA and subgroup analysis (α=.05). RESULTS The number of firings affected the L*, a*, and b* values and translucency parameter in both zirconia-based systems with different veneer thicknesses (P<.05). Increasing the veneer thickness decreased the translucency parameter and increased the L*, a*, and b* values in both zirconia-based systems (P<.05). The color difference values (ΔE) were the highest between 1 and 3, 1 and 5, and 1 and 7 firings, and the lowest between 5 and 7 firings in both zirconia systems. CONCLUSIONS Repeated firings and porcelain veneer thickness affected the final color and translucency of both zirconia systems and, consequently, adversely influenced the esthetic outcomes. Thus, these factors should be considered in the tooth preparation and laboratory phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Fathi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Materials Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mitra Farzin
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rashin Giti
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Biomaterials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hassan Kalantari
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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