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Fu W, Motuzas J, Wang D, Yacou C, Julbe A, Vaughan J, Diniz da Costa JC. Salt storage and induced crystallisation in porous asymmetric inorganic membranes. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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2
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Investigation of Photocatalysis by Mesoporous Titanium Dioxide Supported on Glass Fibers as an Integrated Technology for Water Remediation. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The photocatalytic efficiency of an innovative UV-light catalyst consisting of a mesoporous TiO2 coating on glass fibers was investigated for the degradation of pharmaceuticals (PhACs) in wastewater effluents. Photocatalytic activity of the synthesized material was tested, for the first time, on a secondary wastewater effluent spiked with nine PhACs and the results were compared with the photolysis used as a benchmark treatment. Replicate experiments were performed in a flow reactor equipped with a UV radiation source emitting at 254 nm. Interestingly, the novel photocatalyst led to the increase of the degradation of carbamazepine and trimethoprim (about 2.2 times faster than the photolysis). Several transformation products (TPs) resulting from both the spiked PhACs and the compounds naturally occurring in the secondary wastewater effluent were identified through UPLC-QTOF/MS/MS. Some of them, produced mainly from carbamazepine and trimethoprim, were still present at the end of the photolytic treatment, while they were completely or partially removed by the photocatalytic treatment.
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3
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Tabassum H, Ahmad IZ. Applications of metallic nanomaterials for the treatment of water. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 75:731-743. [PMID: 34687554 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Water scarcity is not a novel issue. It has already affected almost every continent in this blue planet. It is driven by two primary sources: increasing demand for fresh water due to the increase in population and overexhaustion of the available freshwater resources. During the past decade, stress has been given to extract fresh, clean and safe potable elixir of life from the bountiful stores of sea water by exploiting various technologies. As nanomaterials are providing promising solutions to almost all our problems, they are again being accessed in order to combat the problem of global freshwater scarcity. Desalination methods have marvellously improved under the impact of nanomaterials. Different metallic nanomaterials are being used to serve this purpose; for example, silver, iron, zinc, titanium dioxide in addition to natural and synthetically derived polymeric bionanomaterials. In the present paper, a brief account of all the metallic nanomaterials which are being used for treatment of water has been provided by thorough investigation on the research done till now. It strives to throw light on various materials and methods which are based on the exploitation of nanotechnology for the treatment of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tabassum
- Dr. D. Y. Patil Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Institute, Pune, India.,Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - I Z Ahmad
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Valdés H, Saavedra A, Flores M, Vera-Puerto I, Aviña H, Belmonte M. Reverse Osmosis Concentrate: Physicochemical Characteristics, Environmental Impact, and Technologies. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:753. [PMID: 34677518 PMCID: PMC8541667 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11100753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study's aim is to generate a complete profile of reverse osmosis concentrate (ROC), including physicochemical characteristics, environmental impact, and technologies for ROC treatment, alongside element recovery with potential valorization. A systematic literature review was used to compile and analyze scientific information about ROC, and systematic identification and evaluation of the data/evidence in the articles were conducted using the methodological principles of grounded data theory. The literature analysis revealed that two actions are imperative: (1) countries should impose strict regulations to avoid the contamination of receiving water bodies and (2) desalination plants should apply circular economies. Currently, synergizing conventional and emerging technologies is the most efficient method to mitigate the environmental impact of desalination processes. However, constructed wetlands are an emerging technology that promise to be a viable multi-benefit solution, as they can provide simultaneous treatment of nutrients, metals, and trace organic contaminants at a relatively low cost, and are socially accepted; therefore, they are a sustainable solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Valdés
- Centro de Innovación en Ingeniería Aplicada (CIIA), Departamento de Computación e Industrias, Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad Católica del Maule (UCM), Av. San Miguel 3605, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Aldo Saavedra
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Av. Libertador Bernardo O’Higgins 3363, Estación Central 9160000, Chile
| | - Marcos Flores
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomás, Avenida Carlos Schorr 255, Talca 3473620, Chile;
| | - Ismael Vera-Puerto
- Centro de Innovación en Ingeniería Aplicada (CIIA), Departamento de Obras Civiles, Facultad de Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Universidad Católica del Maule, Av. San Miguel 3605, Talca 3460000, Chile;
| | - Hector Aviña
- iiDEA Group, Department of Industrial and Environmental Process Engineering, Engineering Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Marisol Belmonte
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología, Medio Ambiente e Ingeniería (LABMAI), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Playa Ancha, Avda. Leopoldo Carvallo 270, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile;
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Bello AS, Zouari N, Da'ana DA, Hahladakis JN, Al-Ghouti MA. An overview of brine management: Emerging desalination technologies, life cycle assessment, and metal recovery methodologies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 288:112358. [PMID: 33770726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study examines which management methods are the most recent and advanced in managing rejected brine generated from desalination plants. It also provides up-to-date information regarding the most adequate technologies that generate a minimum quantity of rejected brine via the use of minimization techniques and analyzes the method of direct disposal that has lately received noticeable improvements. It further discusses the reuse of discarded brine to recover valuable goods and sequestration of carbon dioxide. Sustainability is an important parameter that needs consideration to achieve uninterrupted operation of the discarded brine management to achieve the least environmental, social, and economic aftermath. To properly deal with any environmental issues related to brine disposal, different methods are implemented so that, in the end, higher water recovery is achievable from the desalination processes, namely brine minimization and rejection technologies (pressure retarded osmosis, microbial desalination cell technology), membrane-based technologies (vibratory shear enhanced processing, forward osmosis, electrodialysis, electrodialysis reverse, and electrodialysis metathesis, pervaporation method, thermal-based technologies (wind-aided intensified evaporation, brine concentrators, ohmic evaporator, membrane distillation, multi-stage flash distillation. This review also critically examined the two conventional approaches commonly used in life cycle assessment (LCA), when evaluating the ecotoxic effect of discarded brine. It intends to discuss the currently available methods and propose an improved method for evaluating the toxicity potential of brine on the aquatic ecosystem originated from seawater desalination plants. The Group-by-Group method takes into consideration the demerits of the two methods of the traditional method of LCA or chemical-specific approach as it provides a more holistic coverage for complicated brine to be disposed of. Recently, attention has been focused on recovering valuable metals from the discharged concentrated brine waste. Certainly, attaining marketable products from the discharged concentrated brine would offer an economic benefit and reducing the whole desalination costs. Ion imprinting polymers have potential applications in metal recovery from brine. Finding selective, more efficient, and less expensive imprinted polymers for extraction/pre-concentration of valuable ions is a vital and challenging task. Lastly, the brine should be seen as a resource and not as a waste to attain sustainability in its management approaches. Hybrid processes would be highly recommended to get the absolute transformation of the discarded brine from desalination processes to more valuable constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale S Bello
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Nabil Zouari
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Dana A Da'ana
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - John N Hahladakis
- Waste Management Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Mohammad A Al-Ghouti
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, State of Qatar, Doha, 2713, Qatar.
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6
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Nanoscale 2D semi-conductors – Impact of structural properties on light propagation depth and photocatalytic performance. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.118011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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7
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Castro-Muñoz R. Breakthroughs on tailoring pervaporation membranes for water desalination: A review. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 187:116428. [PMID: 33011568 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Due to the increase in worldwide population and urbanization, water scarcity is today one of the tough challenges of society. To date, several ongoing initiatives and strategies are aiming to find feasible alternatives to produce drinking water. Seawater desalination is addressed as a latent alternative to solve such an issue. When dealing with desalination, membrane-based technologies (such as reverse osmosis, membrane distillation, pervaporation, among others) have been successfully proposed. Pervaporation (PV) is likely the membrane operation with the less permeation rate but providing high rejection of salts. Thereby, "membranologists" are extensively working in developing new suitable membranes for pervaporation desalination. Therefore, the goal of this review paper is to elucidate and provide a comprehensive outlook of the most recent works (over the last 5-years) at developing new concepts of membranes (e.g. ultra-thin, mixed matrix/composite and inorganic) for desalination, as well as the relevant strategies in fabricating enhanced PV membranes. At this point, an important emphasis has been paid to the relevant insights in the field. This paper also addresses some principles of PV and the main drawbacks of the technique and its membranes. Through reviewing the literature, the future trends, needs, and recommendations for the new researchers are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Avenida Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000 San Antonio Buenavista, 50110Toluca de Lerdo, Mexico.
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Thomas ER, Jain A, Mann SC, Yang Y, Green MD, Walker WS, Perreault F, Lind ML, Verduzco R. Freestanding self-assembled sulfonated pentablock terpolymer membranes for high flux pervaporation desalination. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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9
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Kang Y, Jiao S, Zhao Y, Wang B, Zhang Z, Yin W, Tan Y, Pang G. High-flux and high rejection TiO2 nanofibers ultrafiltration membrane with porous titanium as supporter. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.117000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Qin W, Zhang Y, Wu J. Preparation of high-permeance ceramic microfiltration membranes using a pore-sealing method. RSC Adv 2020; 10:5560-5565. [PMID: 35497463 PMCID: PMC9049281 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09805d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A pore-sealing method for preparation of high-permeance alumina microfiltration (MF) membranes free of any intermediate layers is presented. It involves sequential coating of a polyvinyl butyral (PVB) layer and an alumina membrane precursor on the surface of the macroporous alumina support. An alumina MF membrane with no intermediate layers can be obtained on the support after pyrolysis of the PVB interlayer. The interlayer-free membrane prepared by this method has an average pore diameter of 0.26 μm and a water permeance of 1468 ± 81 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 which is prominently higher than that of the ceramic membranes prepared with other techniques. The conspicuous increase of water permeance is speculated mainly due to the filtration resistance decrease of the interlayer-free ceramic membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Qin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China +86-20-87110273 +86-20-87111669
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University Foshan 528000 China
| | - Jianqing Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China +86-20-87110273 +86-20-87111669
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11
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ZnO Microfiltration Membranes for Desalination by a Vacuum Flow-Through Evaporation Method. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:membranes9120156. [PMID: 31771228 PMCID: PMC6950761 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9120156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
ZnO was deposited on macroporous α-alumina membranes via atomic layer deposition (ALD) to improve water flux by increasing their hydrophilicity and reducing mass transfer resistance through membrane pore channels. The deposition of ZnO was systemically performed for 4-128 cycles of ALD at 170 °C. Analysis of membrane surface by contact angles (CA) measurements revealed that the hydrophilicity of the ZnO ALD membrane was enhanced with increasing the number of ALD cycles. It was observed that a vacuum-assisted 'flow-through' evaporation method had significantly higher efficacy in comparison to conventional desalination methods. By using the vacuum-assisted 'flow-through' technique, the water flux of the ZnO ALD membrane (~170 L m-2 h-1) was obtained, which is higher than uncoated pristine membranes (92 L m-2 h-1). It was also found that ZnO ALD membranes substantially improved water flux while keeping excellent salt rejection rate (>99.9%). Ultrasonic membrane cleaning had considerable effect on reducing the membrane fouling.
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Yang Z, Zhou Y, Feng Z, Rui X, Zhang T, Zhang Z. A Review on Reverse Osmosis and Nanofiltration Membranes for Water Purification. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1252. [PMID: 31362430 PMCID: PMC6723865 DOI: 10.3390/polym11081252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable and affordable supply of clean, safe, and adequate water is one of the most challenging issues facing the world. Membrane separation technology is one of the most cost-effective and widely applied technologies for water purification. Polymeric membranes such as cellulose-based (CA) membranes and thin-film composite (TFC) membranes have dominated the industry since 1980. Although further development of polymeric membranes for better performance is laborious, the research findings and sustained progress in inorganic membrane development have grown fast and solve some remaining problems. In addition to conventional ceramic metal oxide membranes, membranes prepared by graphene oxide (GO), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and mixed matrix materials (MMMs) have attracted enormous attention due to their desirable properties such as tunable pore structure, excellent chemical, mechanical, and thermal tolerance, good salt rejection and/or high water permeability. This review provides insight into synthesis approaches and structural properties of recent reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes which are used to retain dissolved species such as heavy metals, electrolytes, and inorganic salts in various aqueous solutions. A specific focus has been placed on introducing and comparing water purification performance of different classes of polymeric and ceramic membranes in related water treatment industries. Furthermore, the development challenges and research opportunities of organic and inorganic membranes are discussed and the further perspectives are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Yang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 N. College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 N. College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Zhiyuan Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 N. College Road, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Xiaobo Rui
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhien Zhang
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Singha NR, Karmakar M, Chattopadhyay PK, Roy S, Deb M, Mondal H, Mahapatra M, Dutta A, Mitra M, Roy JSD. Structures, Properties, and Performances-Relationships of Polymeric Membranes for Pervaporative Desalination. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:E58. [PMID: 31052381 PMCID: PMC6572519 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9050058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
For the fulfilment of increasing global demand and associated challenges related to the supply of clean-and-safe water, PV has been considered as one of the most attractive and promising areas in desalinating salty-water of varied salinities. In pervaporative desalination, the sustainability, endurance, and structural features of membrane, along with operating parameters, play the dominant roles and impart paramount impact in governing the overall PV efficiency. Indeed, polymeric- and organic-membranes suffer from several drawbacks, including inferior structural stability and durability, whereas the fabrication of purely inorganic membranes is complicated and costly. Therefore, recent development on the high-performance and cost-friendly PV membrane is mostly concentrated on synthesizing composite- and NCP-membranes possessing the advantages of both organic- and inorganic-membranes. This review reflects the insights into the physicochemical properties and fabrication approaches of different classes of PV membranes, especially composite- and NCP-membranes. The mass transport mechanisms interrelated to the specialized structural features have been discussed. Additionally, the performance potential and application prospects of these membranes in a wide spectrum of desalination and wastewater treatment have been elaborated. Finally, the challenges and future perspectives have been identified in developing and scaling up different high-performance membranes suitable for broader commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayan Ranjan Singha
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mrinmoy Karmakar
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Pijush Kanti Chattopadhyay
- Department of Leather Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sagar Roy
- Department of Chemistry & Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
| | - Mousumi Deb
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Himarati Mondal
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Manas Mahapatra
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Madhushree Mitra
- Department of Leather Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
| | - Joy Sankar Deb Roy
- Advanced Polymer Laboratory, Department of Polymer Science and Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
- Department of Leather Technology, Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology (Post Graduate), Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, West Bengal, India.
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Substrate Effect on Carbon/Ceramic Mixed Matrix Membrane Prepared by a Vacuum-Assisted Method for Desalination. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6050047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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16
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Novel inorganic membrane for the percrystallization of mineral, food and pharmaceutical compounds. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Yang H, Elma M, Wang DK, Motuzas J, Diniz da Costa JC. Interlayer-free hybrid carbon-silica membranes for processing brackish to brine salt solutions by pervaporation. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Abd Jalil SN, Wang DK, Yacou C, Motuzas J, Smart S, Diniz da Costa JC. Molecular Weight Cut-Off and Structural Analysis of Vacuum-Assisted Titania Membranes for Water Processing. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9110938. [PMID: 28774057 PMCID: PMC5457227 DOI: 10.3390/ma9110938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This work investigates the structural formation and analyses of titania membranes (TM) prepared using different vacuum exposure times for molecular weight (MW) cut-off performance and oil/water separation. Titania membranes were synthesized via a sol-gel method and coated on macroporous alumina tubes followed by exposure to a vacuum between 30 and 1200 s and then calcined at 400 °C. X-ray diffraction and nitrogen adsorption analyses showed that the crystallite size and particle size of titania increased as a function of vacuum time. All the TM membranes were mesoporous with an average pore diameter of ~3.6 nm with an anatase crystal morphology. Water, glucose, sucrose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone with 40 and 360 kDa (PVP-40 kDa and PVP-360 kDa) were used as feed solutions for MW cut-off and hexadecane solution for oil filtration investigation. The TM membranes were not able to separate glucose and sucrose, thus indicating the membrane pore sizes are larger than the kinetic diameter of sucrose of 0.9 nm, irrespective of vacuum exposure time. They also showed only moderate rejection (20%) of the smaller PVP-40 kDa, however, all the membranes were able to obtain an excellent rejection of near 100% for the larger PVP-360 kDa molecule. Furthermore, the TM membranes were tested for the separation of oil emulsions with a high concentration of oil (3000 ppm), reaching high oil rejections of more than 90% of oil. In general, the water fluxes increased with the vacuum exposure time indicating a pore structural tailoring effect. It is therefore proposed that a mechanism of pore size tailoring was formed by an interconnected network of Ti–O–Ti nanoparticles with inter-particle voids, which increased as TiO2 nanoparticle size increased as a function of vacuum exposure time, and thus reduced the water transport resistance through the TM membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siti Nurehan Abd Jalil
- The University of Queensland, FIM²Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia.
| | - David K Wang
- The University of Queensland, FIM²Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Christelle Yacou
- The University of Queensland, FIM²Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
- Department of Engineering, Université des Antilles, BP 250, Pointe à Pitre Cedex 97157, France.
| | - Julius Motuzas
- The University of Queensland, FIM²Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - Simon Smart
- The University of Queensland, FIM²Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
| | - João C Diniz da Costa
- The University of Queensland, FIM²Lab-Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, Brisbane 4072, Australia.
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Wang S, Wang DK, Motuzas J, Smart S, Diniz da Costa JC. Rapid thermal treatment of interlayer-free ethyl silicate 40 derived membranes for desalination. J Memb Sci 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Song Y, Wang DK, Birkett G, Martens W, Duke MC, Smart S, Diniz da Costa JC. Mixed Matrix Carbon Molecular Sieve and Alumina (CMS-Al2O3) Membranes. Sci Rep 2016; 6:30703. [PMID: 27469389 PMCID: PMC4965814 DOI: 10.1038/srep30703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This work shows mixed matrix inorganic membranes prepared by the vacuum-assisted impregnation method, where phenolic resin precursors filled the pore of α-alumina substrates. Upon carbonisation, the phenolic resin decomposed into several fragments derived from the backbone of the resin matrix. The final stages of decomposition (>650 °C) led to a formation of carbon molecular sieve (CMS) structures, reaching the lowest average pore sizes of ~5 Å at carbonisation temperatures of 700 °C. The combination of vacuum-assisted impregnation and carbonisation led to the formation of mixed matrix of CMS and α-alumina particles (CMS-Al2O3) in a single membrane. These membranes were tested for pervaporative desalination and gave very high water fluxes of up to 25 kg m(-2) h(-1) for seawater (NaCl 3.5 wt%) at 75 °C. Salt rejection was also very high varying between 93-99% depending on temperature and feed salt concentration. Interestingly, the water fluxes remained almost constant and were not affected as feed salt concentration increased from 0.3, 1 and 3.5 wt%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjun Song
- The University of Queensland, FIM2Lab – Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - David K. Wang
- The University of Queensland, FIM2Lab – Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Greg Birkett
- The University of Queensland, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Wayde Martens
- Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Qld 4000, Australia
| | - Mikel C. Duke
- Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia
| | - Simon Smart
- The University of Queensland, FIM2Lab – Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - João C. Diniz da Costa
- The University of Queensland, FIM2Lab – Functional Interfacial Materials and Membranes Laboratory, School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
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