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Slimani Y, Khan A, Nawaz M, Hossain MK, Thakur A. Efficient rhodamine B dye photocatalytic degradation in aqueous media using novel ZnO nanomaterials co-doped with Ce and Dy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124725. [PMID: 38955072 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Water pollution caused by dyes and industrial wastewater poses a significant threat to ecosystems. The purification of such pollutants presents a major challenge. Photocatalysis based on semiconductor materials is a potential wastewater treatment process due to its safety and cost-effectiveness. In the present work, Zn1-2xCexDyxO (x = 0.01-0.05) semiconductors were prepared by the sol-gel auto-ignition method. The samples are denoted CDZO1, CDZO3, and CDZO5 for x = 0.01-0.05, respectively. The X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy results revealed the formation of ZnO hexagonal phase wurtzite structure for all synthesized compositions. Different structural properties were determined. It was found that the lattice parameters and the unit cell volume increased, while the crystallite size diminished as x varied from 0.01 to 0.05. Transmission electron microscopy observations confirmed the formation of nanoparticles with the desired chemical compositions. The specific surface area (SSA) values are found to be 39.95 m2/g, 48.62 m2/g, and 51.36 m2/g for CDZO1, CDZO5, and CDZO5 samples, respectively. The reflectance spectra were recorded to examine the optical properties of the different nanoparticles. The values of the optical band gap were 3.221, 3.225, and 3.239 eV for CDZO1, CDZO3, and CDZO5 samples, respectively. In addition, the photocatalytic performance towards RhB dye degradation for the different samples was assessed. It was established that the CDZO3 sample with a moderate SSA value exhibited the superior photocatalytic performance among the other as-prepared samples wherein the percentage of degradation efficiency, and kinetic constant rate attained their maximum values of 98.22 % and 0.0521 min-1, respectively within 75 min. As per the obtained findings, it is evident that the Zn1-2xCexDyxO photocatalyst has prominent potential for use in the degradation of dyes and offers a useful route for impeding the recombination of electron-hole pairs of zinc oxide material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yassine Slimani
- Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abuzar Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen Technologies and Carbon Management, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Nanomedicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Kamal Hossain
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Sustainable Energy Systems, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atul Thakur
- Centre for Nanotechnology, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram 122413, India
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Ahtasham Iqbal M, Akram S, Khalid S, Lal B, Hassan SU, Ashraf R, Kezembayeva G, Mushtaq M, Chinibayeva N, Hosseini-Bandegharaei A. Advanced photocatalysis as a viable and sustainable wastewater treatment process: A comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 253:118947. [PMID: 38744372 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
In our era, water pollution not only poses a serious threat to human, animal, and biotic life but also causes serious damage to infrastructure and the ecosystem. A set of physical, chemical, and biological technologies have been exploited to decontaminate and/or disinfect water pollutants, toxins, microbes, and contaminants, but none of these could be ranked as sustainable and scalable wastewater technology. The photocatalytic process can harmonize the sunlight to degrade certain toxins, chemicals, microbes, and antibiotics, present in water. For example, transition metal oxides (ZnO, SnO2, TiO2, etc.), when integrated into an organic framework of graphene or nitrides, can bring about more than 90% removal of dyes, microbial load, pesticides, and antibiotics. Similarly, a modified network of graphitic carbon nitride can completely decontaminate petrochemicals. The present review will primarily highlight the mechanistic aspects for the removal and/or degradation of highly concerned contaminants, factors affecting photocatalysis, engineering designs of photoreactors, and pros and cons of various wastewater treatment technologies already in practice. The photocatalytic reactor can be a more viable and sustainable wastewater treatment opportunity. We hope the researcher will find a handful of information regarding the advanced oxidation process accomplished via photocatalysis and the benefits associated with the photocatalytic-type degradation of water pollutants and contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumia Akram
- Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shahreen Khalid
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Basant Lal
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Science and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, India
| | - Sohaib Ul Hassan
- Department of Irrigation & Drainage, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ashraf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Gulmira Kezembayeva
- Mining and Metallurgical Institute Named After O.A. Baikonurov, Department Chemical Processes and Industrial Ecology, Satbayev University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Muhammad Mushtaq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan.
| | | | - Ahmad Hosseini-Bandegharaei
- Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura-140417, Punjab, India; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai-602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Silva MCR, Castro-Lopes S, Jerônimo AG, Barbosa R, Lins A, Trigueiro P, Viana BC, Araujo FP, Osajima JA, Peña-Garcia RR. Green Synthesis of Er-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles: An Investigation on the Methylene Blue, Eosin, and Ibuprofen Removal by Photodegradation. Molecules 2024; 29:391. [PMID: 38257303 PMCID: PMC10818354 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a study on the green synthesis of undoped and Er-doped ZnO compounds using Mangifera indica gum (MI). A set of tests were conducted to assess the structure of the material. The tests included X-ray diffraction, Raman, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Optical properties were studied using diffuse reflectance and photoluminescence. Morphological and textural investigations were done using SEM images and N2 adsorption/desorption. Furthermore, photocatalytic tests were performed with methylene blue (MB), yellow eosin (EY), and the pharmaceutical drug ibuprofen (IBU) under UV irradiation. The study demonstrated that replacing the stabilizing agent with Mangifera indica gum is an effective method for obtaining ZnO nanoparticles. Additionally, the energy gap of the nanoparticles exhibits a slight reduction in value. Photoluminescence studies showed the presence of zinc vacancies and other defects in both samples. In the photocatalytic test, the sample containing Er3+ exhibited a degradation of 99.7% for methylene blue, 81.2% for yellow eosin, and 52.3% for ibuprofen over 120 min. In the presence of methyl alcohol, the degradation of MB and EY dyes is 16.7% and 55.7%, respectively. This suggests that hydroxyl radicals are responsible for the direct degradation of both dyes. In addition, after the second reuse, the degradation rate for MB was 94.08%, and for EY, it was 82.35%. For the third reuse, the degradation rate for MB was 97.15%, and for EY, it was 17%. These results indicate the significant potential of the new semiconductor in environmental remediation applications from an ecological synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília C. R. Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.C.R.S.); (B.C.V.); (F.P.A.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Samuel Castro-Lopes
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
| | - Aimée G. Jerônimo
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
| | - Ricardo Barbosa
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
| | - Alexsandro Lins
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
| | - Pollyana Trigueiro
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
| | - Bartolomeu C. Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.C.R.S.); (B.C.V.); (F.P.A.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Francisca P. Araujo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.C.R.S.); (B.C.V.); (F.P.A.); (J.A.O.)
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
| | - Josy A. Osajima
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.C.R.S.); (B.C.V.); (F.P.A.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Ramón R. Peña-Garcia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia dos Materiais, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Teresina 64049-550, PI, Brazil; (M.C.R.S.); (B.C.V.); (F.P.A.); (J.A.O.)
- Unidade Acadêmica do Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Física, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Cabo de Santo Agostinho 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (S.C.-L.); (A.G.J.); (R.B.); (A.L.); (P.T.)
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-901, PE, Brazil
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Irfan M, Tahir N, Zahid M, Noreen S, Yaseen M, Shahbaz M, Mustafa G, Shakoor RA, Shahid I. The Fabrication of Halogen-Doped FeWO 4 Heterostructure Anchored over Graphene Oxide Nanosheets for the Sunlight-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye. Molecules 2023; 28:7022. [PMID: 37894501 PMCID: PMC10609150 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapid industrialization and urbanization are the two significant issues causing environmental pollution. The polluted water from various industries contains refractory organic materials such as dyes. Heterogeneous photocatalysis using semiconductor metal oxides is an effective remediation technique for wastewater treatment. In this research, we used a co-precipitation-assisted hydrothermal method to synthesize a novel I-FeWO4/GO sunlight-active nanocomposite. Introducing dopant reductive iodine species improved the catalytic activity of FeWO4/GO. I- ions improved the catalytic performance of H2O2 by doping into FeWO4/GO composite. Due to I- doping and the introduction of graphene as a support medium, enhanced charge separation and transfer were observed, which is crucial for efficient heterogeneous surface reactions. Various techniques, like FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy, were used to characterize composites. The Tauc plot method was used to calculate pristine and iodine-doped FeWO4/GO bandgap. Iodine doping reduced the bandgap from 2.8 eV to 2.6 eV. The degradation of methylene blue (MB) was evaluated by optimizing various parameters like catalyst concentration, oxidant dose, pH, and time. The optimum conditions for photocatalysts where maximum degradation occurred were pH = 7 for both FeWO4/GO and I-FeWO4/GO; oxidant dose = 9 mM and 7 mM for FeWO4/GO and I-FeWO4/GO; and catalyst concentration = 30 mg and 35 mg/100 mL for FeWO4/GO and I-FeWO4/GO; the optimum time was 120 min. Under these optimum conditions, FeWO4/GO and I-FeWO4/GO showed 92.0% and 97.0% degradation of MB dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Irfan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Noor Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Saima Noreen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (M.I.); (N.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Muhammad Yaseen
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahbaz
- Punjab Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Faisalabad 38800, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan
| | - Rana Abdul Shakoor
- Center for Advanced Materials (CAM), Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Imran Shahid
- Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
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Shivaraj B, Prabhakara M, Bhojya Naik H, Indrajith Naik E, Viswanath R, Shashank M. Fabrication of Tb doped ZnO nanoparticle via co-precipitation technique for multifunctional applications. Chem Phys Lett 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2023.140421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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Milad Tabatabaeinejad S, Safardoust-Hojaghan H, Ghanbari M, Sh. Majdi H, Abdulnabi SM, Hashim FS, Ghanim Taki A, Salavati-Niasari M. Sonochemical synthesis and characterization of Ho-Cu-O nanostructures and their application as photocatalyst for degradation of water-soluble organic pollutants under UV light. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
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7
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Azmal Zaid EH, Sin JC, Lam SM, Mohamed AR. Fabrication of La, Ce co-doped ZnO nanorods for improving photodegradation of methylene blue. J RARE EARTH 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2023.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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8
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Madaan V, Mohan B, Bhankar V, Ranga R, Kumari P, Singh P, Sillanpää M, Kumar A, Solovev AA, Kumar K. Metal-Decorated CeO2 nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Nadeem MS, Munawar T, Mukhtar F, Batool S, Hasan M, Akbar UA, Hakeem AS, Iqbal F. Energy-levels well-matched direct Z-scheme ZnNiNdO/CdS heterojunction for elimination of diverse pollutants from wastewater and microbial disinfection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:50317-50334. [PMID: 35229262 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19271-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Energy-levels well-matched direct Z-scheme ZnNiNdO/CdS heterojunction was successfully fabricated using facile co-precipitation and ultra-sonication techniques and characterized with XRD, FTIR, Raman, PL, UV-vis, and FE-SEM. The XRD diffractograms confirmed the co-doping of Ni-Nd in ZnO and the formation of heterostructured nanocomposite. FTIR and Raman data showed the presence of metal-oxygen vibration and optical phonon modes of ZnO and CdS. FE-SEM images exhibited the network type morphology. The energy bandgap was redshifted by co-doping (3.37-2.9 eV) and was further reduced (2.6 eV) by making a composite with CdS. The ZnNiNdO/CdS catalyst degraded 99.7, 49, 96.6, 98.6, and 98.6% methylene blue (MB), p-nitroaniline (P-Nitro), methyl orange (MO), methyl red (MR), and rhodamine B (RhB) dyes under 50 min sunlight irradiation. Moreover, ZnNiNdO/CdS showed intense inhibition activity towards Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial strains with maximum inhibition zone diameters 30, 33, 27, and 31 mm, respectively. The synergistic effects arising from band alignment can lead to efficient vectorial charge separation, transportation, and lower recombination of photoinduced charge carriers, ultimately boosting photocatalytic and antibacterial performance. The ZnNiNdO/CdS photocatalyst has higher stability up to the 7th cycle towards MB dye with ~ 5% deficit in degradation efficiency. The higher generation of superoxide and hydroxyl radical was confirmed by species trapping experiments responsible for photodegradation of dyes molecules. Furthermore, the results showed that the photocatalytic and antibacterial performance of pristine ZnO can be enhanced by co-doping and tuning energy bandgap.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tauseef Munawar
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Mukhtar
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Sana Batool
- Institute of Bio-Chemistry, Bio-Technology, and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Murtaza Hasan
- Institute of Bio-Chemistry, Bio-Technology, and Bioinformatics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Usman Ali Akbar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abbas Saeed Hakeem
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Iqbal
- Institute of Physics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
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Ghrib T, Al-Otaibi AL, Massoudi I, Alsagry AM, Aljaber AS, Alhussain EA, Alrubian WS, Brini S, Gondal MA, Elsayed KA, Kayed TS. Effect of europium doping on the microstructural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanopowders. ARAB JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/25765299.2022.2071525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Taher Ghrib
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal L. Al-Otaibi
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imen Massoudi
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Albandri M. Alsagry
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azhar S. Aljaber
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ethar A. Alhussain
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wasan S. Alrubian
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, City Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami Brini
- Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mathematics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Gondal
- Laser Research Group, Physics Department, Center of Excellence in Nanotechnology, & K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled A. Elsayed
- Basic Engineering Sciences Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tarek S. Kayed
- Basic Engineering Sciences Department, College of Engineering, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Current Methods for Synthesis and Potential Applications of Cobalt Nanoparticles: A Review. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12020272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) are promising nanomaterials with exceptional catalytic magnetic, electronic, and chemical properties. The nano size and developed surface open a wide range of applications of cobalt nanoparticles in biomedicine along with those properties. The present review assessed the current environmentally friendly synthesis methods used to synthesize CoNPs with various properties, such as size, zeta potential, surface area, and magnetic properties. We systematized several methods and provided some examples to illustrate the synthetic process of CoNPs, along with the properties, the chemical formula of obtained CoNPs, and their method of analysis. In addition, we also looked at the potential application of CoNPs from water purification cytostatic agents against cancer to theranostic and diagnostic agents. Moreover, CoNPs also can be used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging and photoacoustic methods. This review features a comprehensive understanding of the synthesis methods and applications of CoNPs, which will help guide future studies on CoNPs.
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Abdullah FH, Bakar NHHA, Bakar MA. Current advancements on the fabrication, modification, and industrial application of zinc oxide as photocatalyst in the removal of organic and inorganic contaminants in aquatic systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127416. [PMID: 34655867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Industrial wastewaters contain hazardous contaminants that pollute the environment and cause socioeconomic problems, thus demanding the employment of effective remediation procedures such as photocatalysis. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials have emerged to be a promising photocatalyst for the removal of pollutants in wastewater owing to their excellent and attractive characteristics. The dynamic tunable features of ZnO allow a wide range of functionalization for enhanced photocatalytic efficiency. The current review summarizes the recent advances in the fabrication, modification, and industrial application of ZnO photocatalyst based on the analysis of the latest studies, including the following aspects: (1) overview on the properties, structures, and features of ZnO, (2) employment of dopants, heterojunction, and immobilization techniques for improved photodegradation performance, (3) applicability of suspended and immobilized photocatalytic systems, (4) application of ZnO hybrids for the removal of various types of hazardous pollutants from different wastewater sources in industries, and (5) potential of bio-inspired ZnO hybrid nanomaterials for photocatalytic applications using renewable and biodegradable resources for greener photocatalytic technologies. In addition, the knowledge gap in this field of work is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Abdullah
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - N H H Abu Bakar
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia.
| | - M Abu Bakar
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
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Enhanced Photo Catalytic Activity of ZnO Nano Particles Co-doped with Rare Earth Elements (Nd and Sm) Under UV Light Illumination. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02228-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Tahir N, Zahid M, Bhatti IA, Jamil Y. Fabrication of visible light active Mn-doped Bi 2WO 6-GO/MoS 2 heterostructure for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:6552-6567. [PMID: 34455565 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The increase in environmental pollution has led to an increased investigation in the development of novel ternary photocatalytic systems for remediation. These photocatalytic systems exhibit superior photocatalytic action for the removal of pollutants because of their visible light active bandgaps. A highly effective visible light active ternary heterojunction was fabricated using a hydrothermal method assisted by ultrasonication. Herein, we report the in situ hydrothermal synthesis of Mn-doped Bi2WO6-GO/ MoS2 photocatalyst, efficiently exhibiting greater photocatalytic activity for the wastewater treatment under solar light. The binary metal sulphide (MoS2) used as a co-catalyst, acted as an electron collector and graphene oxide (GO) as a support material for interfacial electron transfer to and from bismuth tungstate and MoS2. The as-prepared samples were characterized using SEM-EDX, FT-IR, XRD, XPS, BET, PL, and UV-Vis techniques. The bandgap of the novel photocatalyst was found in the visible region (2.2 eV) which helped in suppressing photoinduced electron-hole pairs recombination. The ternary Mn-doped Bi2WO6-GO/MoS2 showed 99% methylene blue removal after 60 minutes of sunlight irradiation at the optimum conditions of pH 8, catalyst dose 50 mg/100ml, and initial MB concentration of 10ppm under sunlight irradiation. The doped ternary heterostructure has proved to be an effective sunlight-active photocatalyst that can be reused without substantial loss in photocatalytic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Tahir
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zahid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan.
| | - Ijaz Ahmad Bhatti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Jamil
- Department of Physics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
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15
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Guetni I, Belaiche M, Ferdi CA, Oulhakem O, Alaoui KB, Naimi Z. Engineering the photocatalytic efficiency of nanoscale TiO 2 anatase with doped (Nd/Y) and co-doped (Nd–Y/Nd–Sm) lanthanides to decompose the azo dye orange G under UV-VIS irradiation. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01167k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nd/Y–TiO2 anatase nanopowders displayed the highest degradation of 96.34% in 105 minutes only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inssaf Guetni
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Belaiche
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Chouaib Ahmani Ferdi
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Oussama Oulhakem
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Unit. E. N. S. Rabat. Energy Research Center, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University, B.P, 1014 Rabat, Morocco
- Thin Film Photovoltaic Laboratory, Electric and Photovoltaic Department, Green Energy Park (GEP), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Kawtar Belrhiti Alaoui
- Thin Film Photovoltaic Laboratory, Electric and Photovoltaic Department, Green Energy Park (GEP), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Naimi
- Thin Film Photovoltaic Laboratory, Electric and Photovoltaic Department, Green Energy Park (GEP), Benguerir, Morocco
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16
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Abdollahizadeh Z, Haghighi M, Shabani M. Photocatalytic removal of pharmaceutical contaminants from aqueous effluents using staggered AgX(Br, I)/CoCrNO3LDH plasmon nanophotocatalysts under simulated solar-light. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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18
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Chen P, Liang Y, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Song S. Synchronous photosensitized degradation of methyl orange and methylene blue in water by visible-light irradiation. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Synthesis of yttrium and cerium doped ZnO nanoparticles as highly inexpensive and stable photocatalysts for hydrogen evolution. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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20
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Elias M, Uddin MN, Saha JK, Hossain MA, Sarker DR, Akter S, Siddiquey IA, Uddin J. A Highly Efficient and Stable Photocatalyst; N-Doped ZnO/CNT Composite Thin Film Synthesized via Simple Sol-Gel Drop Coating Method. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26051470. [PMID: 33800455 PMCID: PMC7962968 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26051470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The thin film of N-doped ZnO/CNT nanocomposite was successfully fabricated on soda lime glass substrate by a simple sol-gel drop-coating method. The structural, morphological, chemical, and optical properties of as prepared samples were characterized by a variety of tools such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and UV-visible spectroscopy. The hexagonal crystalline structure was confirmed from XRD measurement without any other impurity phase detection in samples. The N-doped ZnO/CNT composite showed excellent photo-catalytic activity towards cationic methylene blue (MB) dye degradation with 100% removal rate under UV light irradiation as compared to N-doped ZnO (65%) and pure ZnO (47.36%). The convincing performance has also been observed for the case of visible light irradiation. The enhancement of that photocatalytic activity might be due to narrowing the band gap as well as the reduction of electron-hole pair recombination in ZnO matrix with the incorporation of dopant nitrogen and CNT. It is assumed from the obtained results that N-doped ZnO/CNT nanocomposite thin film can be employed as an economically achievable and ecofriendly method to degrade dye with UV and visible light irradiation. Additionally, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were applied to explore the effect of N-doping on electronic structure of ZnO. The computational study has supported the experimental results of significant band gap contraction, which leads to the maximum absorption towards higher wavelength and no appreciable change of lattice parameters after doping. A conceivable photocatalytic mechanism of N-doped ZnO/CNT nanocomposite has been proposed as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Elias
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh; (M.E.); (D.R.S.); (S.A.); (I.A.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (J.K.S.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Md Nizam Uddin
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh; (M.E.); (D.R.S.); (S.A.); (I.A.S.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Joyanta Kumar Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (J.K.S.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Md Awlad Hossain
- Department of Chemistry, Jagannath University, Dhaka 1100, Bangladesh; (J.K.S.); (M.A.H.)
| | - Dali R. Sarker
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh; (M.E.); (D.R.S.); (S.A.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Sonia Akter
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh; (M.E.); (D.R.S.); (S.A.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Iqbal A. Siddiquey
- Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh; (M.E.); (D.R.S.); (S.A.); (I.A.S.)
| | - Jamal Uddin
- Center for Nanotechnology, Department of Natural Sciences, Coppin State University, 2500 W. North Ave, Baltimore, MD 21216, USA;
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21
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Aluminium and cerium co-doped ZnO nanoparticles: Facile and inexpensive synthesis and visible light photocatalytic performances. J RARE EARTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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22
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Ahmed F, Kabir H, Xiong H. Dual Colorimetric Sensor for Hg 2+/Pb 2+ and an Efficient Catalyst Based on Silver Nanoparticles Mediating by the Root Extract of Bistorta amplexicaulis. Front Chem 2020; 8:591958. [PMID: 33195096 PMCID: PMC7642621 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.591958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution derivated from toxic metals and organic toxins is becoming a serious issue worldwide because of their harmful effects on the ecosystem and human health. Here we are reporting an extremely selective and cost-effective colorimetric sensor for simultaneous recognition of Hg2+ and Pb2+ by using green synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) mediated from the environmental friendly roots extract of Bistorta amplexicaulis. Biogenic synthesized AgNPs were well-characterized by various spectroscopic techniques e.g., UV-vis, FT-IR, XRD, AFM, and Zetasizer. The photophysical potential of synthesized AgNPs toward common metal cations was explored via absorption spectroscopy and colorimetric assay. The hypsochromic shift in the SPR band of AgNPs can easily be detected through naked eyes vision from dark brown to light yellow in the case of Hg2+. A substantial reduction in the absorbance of AgNPs was recorded upon mixing with Pb2+. AgNPs based colorimetric sensor is highly sensitive toward Hg2+ and Pb2+ with a limit of detection (LOD) of 8.0 × 10-7 M and 2.0 × 10-7 M for Hg2+ and Pb2+, respectively. Furthermore, AgNPs showed promising catalytic activity for the degradation of methyl orange dye. These results demonstrate that Bistorta amplexicaulis stabilized silver nanoparticles have potential applications as a colorimetric sensor and an effective catalyst for the degradation of methyl orange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farid Ahmed
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Humaira Kabir
- Department of Chemistry, Women University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Bagh, Pakistan
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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23
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Facile synthesis of ZnO/GO/Ag3PO4 heterojunction photocatalyst with excellent photodegradation activity for tetracycline hydrochloride under visible light. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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24
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Ahmad I, Akhtar MS, Ahmed E, Ahmad M. Highly efficient visible light driven photocatalytic activity of graphene and CNTs based Mg doped ZnO photocatalysts: A comparative study. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Facile and inexpensive synthesis of Ag doped ZnO/CNTs composite: Study on the efficient photocatalytic activity and photocatalytic mechanism. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Sunaina, Yadav KK, Ankush, Guchhait SK, Sood K, Mehta S, Ganguli A, Jha M. Mechanistic insights of enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of SnO2-SnS2 heterostructures derived from partial sulphurization of SnO2. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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27
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Cai B, Feng JF, Peng QY, Zhao HF, Miao YC, Pan H. Super-fast degradation of high concentration methyl orange over bifunctional catalyst Fe/Fe 3C@C with microwave irradiation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 392:122279. [PMID: 32087399 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bifunctional catalyst Fe/Fe3C@C with magnetism was successfully prepared by sol-gel method and proved to degrade methyl orange with high efficiency under microwave irradiation. The Fe/Fe3C@C catalysts calcined at 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C were intensively characterized and compared in their crystalline structure, porosity, morphology and dielectric property. The results imply a phase and structure transformation in the materials as the calcination temperature increased. Fe/Fe3C@C-700 exhibited a core-shell structure and an apparent Fe3C phase. In addition, Fe/Fe3C@C-700 demonstrated excellent dielectric property as a microwave absorber than Fe/Fe3C@C-500 and Fe/Fe3C@C-600. At the same time, it gave a 100 % removal rate in 30 s for the degradation of methyl orange under microwave irradiation, outperformed the Fe/Fe3C@C-500 and Fe/Fe3C@C-600 and most other reported catalysts in similar studies. The possible mechanism of the methyl orange degradation should be ascribed to the in situ generation of •OH and O2•- active species over the Fe/Fe3C@C catalyst. The excellent microwave absorbing property of Fe/Fe3C@C-700 could also boost its catalytic activity and play a critical role during the super-fast microwave-assisted degradation process. The findings in this study could be informative for the development of a continuous process of dye wastewater treatment for industrial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Cai
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun-Feng Feng
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu-Yi Peng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao-Fan Zhao
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying-Chun Miao
- Advanced Analysis and Testing Center, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Pan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, 210037, Nanjing, China.
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28
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Cerium-Oxide-Nanoparticle-Decorated Zinc Oxide with Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Methyl Orange. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10051697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cerium-oxide-nanoparticle-decorated zinc oxide was successfully prepared using a simple one-pot hydrothermal technique with different weight% Ce doping. It was found that an increase in Ce doping has an effect on the optical energy band-gap tunability. Ce dopant provides electron trapping on Ce/ZnO nanocomposites and also acts as a surface defect generator during hydrothermal processing. Additionally, a bi-metal oxide heterojunction forms, which acts as a charge separator to obstruct charge recombination and to increase the photodegradation performance. It was found that the methyl orange (MO) degradation performance improved with an increase in Ce doping. The decomposition of MO went from 69.42% (pristine ZnO) to 94.06% (7% Ce/ZnO) after 60 min under fluorescent lamp illumination.
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29
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Wan Z, Hu M, Hu B, Yan T, Wang K, Wang X. Vacancy induced photocatalytic activity of La doped In(OH)3 for CO2 reduction with water vapor. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy00029a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A possible mechanism to explain the impact of La doping on electron transfer process in wide band gap semiconductor In(OH)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyao Wan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- China
| | - Maocong Hu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering
- Jianghan University
- Wuhan
- China
| | - Bingbing Hu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- China
| | - Tao Yan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- China
| | - Kang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- China
| | - Xitao Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology
- College of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- China
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