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Qi Y, Shao W, Xiu FR. A low-temperature co-treatment of diethylhexyl phthalate-rich polyvinyl chloride and waste copper catalyst by subcritical water (hydrothermal treatment): Dechlorination, recovery of diethylhexyl phthalate and copper. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 189:276-289. [PMID: 39217802 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most widespread plastics in the world, the recycling of diethylhexyl phthalate-rich polyvinyl chloride (DEHP-rich PVC) faces great challenges because of the high levels of Cl and plasticizers. On the other hand, waste copper catalyst (WCC) discharged from various industrial processes is not effectively recycled. In this study, a significant synergistic effect between the DEHP-rich PVC and WCC was found in a subcritical water (SubCW) medium, and a co-treatment of the DEHP-rich PVC and WCC was developed by the SubCW process. The introduction of WCC significantly improved the dechlorination efficiency of the DEHP-rich PVC to 96.03 % at a low temperature of 250 °C. Under the optimal conditions, the leaching of copper from WCC reached a maximum of 81.08 %. Oil products included DEHP (55.7 %, GC peak area%), 3-methyl-3-heptene (37.3 %, GC peak area%), and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol (7.0 %, GC peak area%). The dechlorination pathways of the DEHP-rich PVC included hydroxyl substitution and direct dechlorination. HCl released from the DEHP-rich PVC led to a decrease in the pH of the system and significant copper leaching from the WCC. DEHP was decomposed by hydrolysis, dehydration, and rearrangement reaction by the SubCW co-treatment process. The enhancement mechanism of the WCC for the dechlorination of the DEHP-rich PVC was based on that the conversion of copper species in the SubCW promoted the formation of hydroxyl radicals and the hydroxyl substitution for chlorine in PVC molecular chain. The proposed SubCW low-temperature co-treatment could be a prospective strategy for the low-energy and synchronous recovery of the two different wastes of the DEHP-rich PVC and WCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Qi
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Wenting Shao
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Fu-Rong Xiu
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China.
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Luo D, Wu X, Vázquez B, Maestre M, Davoise D, Lopez J, Cortina JL. Selective recovery of antimony from Sb-bearing copper concentrates by integration of alkaline sulphide leaching solutions and microwave-assisted heating: A new sustainable processing route. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175576. [PMID: 39153610 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The technical feasibility of leaching antimony from an antimony-bearing copper sulphide concentrate, using alkaline sulphide solutions and microwave-assisted and non-assisted heating technology, is investigated at a laboratory scale. The leaching test examines the influence of selective leaching reagent (Na2S and NaOH) concentrations, solid/liquid ratio, and temperature. The results indicate that antimony dissolution is highly selective (e.g. only Sb and As are leached), depending on the concentrations of leaching reagents and the leaching temperature. The influence of temperature on the mineral's dissolution, in the range 25-140 °C, is analysed from a thermochemical point of view using equilibrium databases. Under the optimal conditions: leaching agent: 250 g/L Na2S, 60 g/L NaOH, 2 h, 140 °C, with microwave assisted, the leaching efficiency of Sb reached 95.7 %. The antimony content in the copper concentrate is successfully reduced from 1.1 wt% to <0.2 wt% Sb, making it suitable for copper concentrate metallurgical processing. The study demonstrates that increasing temperature and NaOH/Na2S concentrations collectively enhance leaching efficiency, with a statistical significance, reducing both leaching time and the required temperature, compared to non-microwave-assisted leaching. Furthermore, it is established that excess free hydrogen sulphide ions ensure the efficient dissolution of the main impurities associated with penalties, such as antimony and arsenic, with limited copper and iron dissolution from the copper concentrate, predominantly chalcopyrite. Finally, an integrated hydrometallurgical process flowsheet for antimony removal and recovery from a sulphide copper concentrate is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Luo
- Chemical Engineering Department and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC-BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - X Wu
- Chemical Engineering Department and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC-BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Vázquez
- Atalaya Mining Plc, 21660 Minas de Riotinto, Spain
| | - M Maestre
- Atalaya Mining Plc, 21660 Minas de Riotinto, Spain
| | - D Davoise
- Atalaya Mining Plc, 21660 Minas de Riotinto, Spain
| | - J Lopez
- Chemical Engineering Department and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC-BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), 08930 Barcelona, Spain
| | - J L Cortina
- Chemical Engineering Department and Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, UPC-BarcelonaTECH, C/ Eduard Maristany, 10-14 (Campus Diagonal-Besòs), 08930 Barcelona, Spain.
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Cai Y, Nie Z, Ma L, Xi X. Closed-loop recovery of molybdenum and value-added reuse of tungsten from alloy waste in additive manufacturing. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 348:119270. [PMID: 37852079 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
As metal additive manufacturing (MAM) technology is booming in the aerospace sector, alternatives to the traditional production methods of metals such as mining, processing, and refining with severe emissions are urgently needed. This study proposed a closed-loop route for efficient recovery of molybdenum (Mo) and value-added reuse of tungsten (W) from Cr-Co-Ni-Mo-W alloy waste in MAM. The results showed that the leaching efficiency of Mo and W reached 99.3% and 99.9%, respectively, using the dual chemical-physical means of mixed-alkali roasting and leaching by microwave heating, while the discharge of waste liquor containing Cr6+ was reduced. Leaching kinetic studies revealed that the metal leaching process was controlled by chemical reaction mechanism. Moreover, the 10%N1923 (primary amine)-5%TRPO (tri-alkyl phosphine oxide)-kerosene extraction system exhibited a synergistic extraction effect on Mo and W. After purification, Mo was recovered as Mo powder for MAM. Simultaneously, the recovered product of W, MnWO4, was applied as a photocatalytic material with excellent degradation of methylene blue dye. Ultimately, the proposed method obtained recovery efficiencies of 98.4% and 99.3% for Mo and W, respectively, achieving efficient and environmentally-friendly reuse of these key metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Cai
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Capital Resource-Recycling Material Technology, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Zuoren Nie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Capital Resource-Recycling Material Technology, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Liwen Ma
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Capital Resource-Recycling Material Technology, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; National Engineering Laboratory for Industrial Big-data Application Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
| | - Xiaoli Xi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Capital Resource-Recycling Material Technology, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
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Parhi PK. Editorial: Separation and analytical chemistry. Front Chem 2023; 11:1298452. [PMID: 38025076 PMCID: PMC10653440 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1298452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar Parhi
- Department of Chemistry, Fakir Mohan (FM) University, Balasore, Odisha, India
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Mohanty CK, Behera SS, Tripathy SK, Parhi PK. Extensive investigation on extraction and leaching kinetics study of Cu and Cr from spent catalyst using acetic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:90195-90208. [PMID: 36905538 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26182-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The application of organic acids towards the extraction of both Cu and Cr from the Cu-Cr spent catalyst was investigated. A series of organic acid such as acetic acid, citric acid, formic acid, ascorbic acid and tartaric acid were adopted, and after screening, acetic acid showed a profound effect on dissolution of either of the metals over other green reagents. The spent catalyst was characterized by XRD and SEM-EDAX to confirm the existence of the oxide phase due to both Cu and Cr metals. For efficient dissolution of metals, the critical parameters such as agitation speed, acetic acid concentration, temperature, particle size, as well as S/L ratio affecting on it was systematically investigated. It was observed that at approximately 99.99% of Cu along with 62% of Cr was extracted at the optimised conditions (agitation speed: 800 rpm, 1.0 M CH3COOH, 353 K temperature, particle size of (75-105) µm and S/L: 2% (W/V). The leach residue obtained after the first stage of leaching was analysed by SEM-EDAX and XRD, indicating no peaks due to the presence of Cu ensures complete dissolution of Cu at the optimum conditions. Further, to attain the quantitative leaching yield of Cr, the leach residue obtained after the first stage was sequentially investigated using varied acetic acid concentration and temperature. Leaching kinetics was established based on obtained results at the varied operating parameters, and it revealed support for fitting a model of the leaching data to the shrinking core chemical control model (R2 = 0.99) for both metals (Cu and Cr). The activation energy determined to be 34.05 kJ mol-1 and 43.31 kJ mol-1 for Cu and Cr, respectively, validates the proposed leaching kinetics mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmaya Kumar Mohanty
- School of Chemical Technology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Saroj Sekhar Behera
- School of Chemical Technology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
- H& EM Division, CSIR-Institute of Mineral and Materials Technology(IMMT), Bhubaneswar, 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Suraj Kumar Tripathy
- School of Chemical Technology, KIIT Deemed to Be University, Bhubaneswar, 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Parhi
- Department of Chemistry, Fakir Mohan (F.M.) University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, Odisha, 756089, India.
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Parhi P, Misra P. Hydrometallurgical investigation routed through Microwave (MW) assisted leaching and solvent extraction using Ionic Liquids for extraction and recovery of molybdenum from spent desulphurization catalyst. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2023.110394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Characterization and Kinetics of Alumina Leaching from Calcined Akpugo Kaolinite for Potential Aluminum Recovery. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sajce.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Comparison and evaluation of vanadium extraction from the calcification roasted vanadium slag with carbonation leaching and sulfuric acid leaching. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Wang T, Ren J, Ravindra AV, Lv Y, Le T. Kinetics of Ni, V and Fe Leaching from a Spent Catalyst in Microwave-Assisted Acid Activation Process. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072078. [PMID: 35408477 PMCID: PMC9000329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ni, V and Fe are the main contaminant metals that lead to the deactivation of the spent fluid catalytic cracking (SFCC) catalyst. In this work, the properties and distribution of Ni, V and Fe in the SFCC catalyst are investigated by employing EPMA-EDX, SEM and XPS techniques. The kinetics of Ni, V, Fe and Al leaching in organic and inorganic acids are studied under microwave heating. The EPMA-EDX results show that Fe and Ni mainly accumulate near the particle surface, while V eventually distributes throughout the catalyst particle. The XPS result suggests that the phase speciations of Ni in the SFCC catalyst are Ni, Ni2SiO4 and NiAl2O4, while Fe is present in a mixture of Fe3O4, Fe2O3 and Fe2SiO4. V is in the forms of V2O5 and VO2. Compared with oxalic acid, sulfuric acid has a better removal effect of contaminant metals, especially for Ni. The leaching kinetics results indicate that using either sulfuric acid or oxalic acid, the apparent activation energy of V is obviously lower than that of Fe and Ni, and the priority of the three contaminant metals in the removal effect is V > Fe > Ni. In addition, the leaching kinetics of contaminant metals in the microwave-assisted acid activation process are controlled by the surface chemical reaction control model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Wang
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
| | - Jing Ren
- Engineering Technology Research Institute of SINOPEC Catalyst Ltd., Beijing 101111, China; (J.R.); (Y.L.)
| | - Annavarapu V. Ravindra
- Department of Physics and Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Tamilnadu 603203, India;
| | - Yan Lv
- Engineering Technology Research Institute of SINOPEC Catalyst Ltd., Beijing 101111, China; (J.R.); (Y.L.)
| | - Thiquynhxuan Le
- Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, China;
- Correspondence:
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Enhancement of Molecular imprinted polymer as organic fillers on bagasse cellulose fibers with biological evaluation and computational calculations. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Recovery of nickel and molybdate from ammoniacal leach liquor of spent hydrodesulfurization catalyst using LIX84 extraction. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lie J, Liu JC. Closed-vessel microwave leaching of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) using dual-function leaching agent: Ascorbic acid. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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