1
|
Long Q, Chen L, Zong Y, Wan X, Liu F, Luo H, Chen Y, Zhang Z. Photocatalytically self-cleaning graphene oxide nanofiltration membranes reinforced with bismuth oxybromide for high-performance water purification. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 675:958-969. [PMID: 39002245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) membranes have emerged as promising candidates for water purification applications, owing to their unique physicochemical attributes. Nevertheless, the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, coupled with their vulnerability to membrane fouling, poses significant challenges to their widespread industrial deployment. In this study, we introduce an innovative in-situ growth and layer-by-layer assembly technique for fabricating multilayer GO membranes reinforced with bismuth oxybromide (BiOBr) on commonly employed Nylon substrates. This method allows for the creation of two-dimensional lamellar membranes capable of photocatalytic self-cleaning and tunable nanochannel dimensions. The synthesized GO/BiOBr composite membranes exhibit remarkable water permeance rates (approximately 493.9 LMH/bar) and high molecular rejection efficiency (>99 % for Victoria Blue B and Congo Red dyes). Notably, these membranes showcase an enhanced photocatalytic self-cleaning performance upon exposure to visible light. Our work provides a viable route for the fabrication of functionalized GO-based nanofiltration membranes with BiOBr inclusions, offering a synergistic combination of high water permeability, modifiable nanochannels, and effective self-cleaning capabilities through photocatalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingwu Long
- College of Light Chemical Industry and Materials Engineering, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China.
| | - Liangwei Chen
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yingxin Zong
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaodan Wan
- College of Light Chemical Industry and Materials Engineering, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China
| | - Feng Liu
- College of Light Chemical Industry and Materials Engineering, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China
| | - Huayong Luo
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanwu Chen
- College of Light Chemical Industry and Materials Engineering, Shunde Polytechnic, Foshan 528333, China.
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Civil Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen J, Yao N, Tang Y, Xie L, Zhuo X, Jiang Z. Functional UiO-66 for highly selective adsorption of N-nitrosodipropylamine: adsorption performance and mechanisms. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5900-5910. [PMID: 38450710 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03058j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
N-Nitrosodipropylamine (NDPA) is a class of nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) with high toxicity. Although NDPA present in water bodies is at relatively low concentrations, the potential risk is high due to its high toxicity and bioaccumulation. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a new type of porous material with remarkable functionality, have shown great performance in a wide variety of applications in adsorption. This is the first study investigating the adsorption of MOFs on NDPA. Herein, UiO-66 with -NH2 and imidazolium functional groups were synthesized by modifying UiO-66 after amination. Adsorption kinetics and isotherm models were used to compare the adsorption properties of the two materials for low-concentration NDPA in water. The results showed that the behavior of all the adsorbents was consistent with the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order model and that the adsorption was homogeneous chemisorption. The structures of the nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, zeta potential, XRD, SEM and BET measurements. Based on the characteristics, four adsorption mechanisms, namely electron conjugation, coordination reaction, anion-π interaction, and van der Waals forces, were simultaneously involved in the adsorption. The influencing factor experiment revealed that the adsorption of UiO-66-NH2 and (I-)Meim-UiO-66 involved hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Chen
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution Control and System Intelligence Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Ning Yao
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution Control and System Intelligence Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution Control and System Intelligence Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Letian Xie
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution Control and System Intelligence Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| | - Xiong Zhuo
- Fuzhou City Construction Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, China
| | - Zhuwu Jiang
- College of Ecological Environment and Urban Construction, Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China.
- Fujian Engineering Research Center of Water Pollution Control and System Intelligence Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian 350118, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fan K, Zhou S, Xie L, Jia S, Zhao L, Liu X, Liang K, Jiang L, Kong B. Interfacial Assembly of 2D Graphene-Derived Ion Channels for Water-Based Green Energy Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307849. [PMID: 37873917 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of sustained and green energy is believed to alleviate increasing menace of global environmental concerns and energy dilemma. Interfacial assembly of 2D graphene-derived ion channels (2D-GDICs) with tunable ion/fluid transport behavior enables efficient harvesting of renewable green energy from ubiquitous water, especially for osmotic energy harvesting. In this review, various interfacial assembly strategies for fabricating diverse 2D-GDICs are summarized and their ion transport properties are discussed. This review analyzes how particular structure and charge density/distribution of 2D-GDIC can be modulated to minimize internal resistance of ion/fluid transport and enhance energy conversion efficiency, and highlights stimuli-responsive functions and stability of 2D-GDIC and further examines the possibility of integrating 2D-GDIC with other energy conversion systems. Notably, the presented preparation and applications of 2D-GDIC also inspire and guide other 2D materials to fabricate sophisticated ion channels for targeted applications. Finally, potential challenges in this field is analyzed and a prospect to future developments toward high-performance or large-scale real-word applications is offered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Fan
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Shan Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
| | - Shenli Jia
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Zhao
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Xiangyang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Material and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China
| | - Kang Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, 2052, Australia
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Biao Kong
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China
- Shandong Research Institute, Fudan University, Shandong, 250103, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic Graphene oxide-Phytic acid membranes for efficient separation of oil-in-water emulsions. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
|
5
|
A novel UiO-66-NH2/graphene oxide composite thin membrane for retarding membrane wetting in membrane distillation. J IND ENG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2023.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
|
6
|
Yu J, He Y, Wang Y, Zhang L, Hou R. Graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane for efficient dyes separation by hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets intercalation and polyethyleneimine surface modification. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
7
|
Peng J, Deka BJ, Wu S, Luo Z, Kharraz JA, Jia W. Rational Design of PDA/P-PVDF@PP Janus Membrane with Asymmetric Wettability for Switchable Emulsion Separation. MEMBRANES 2022; 13:14. [PMID: 36676821 PMCID: PMC9861049 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Water pollution caused by oil spills or sewage discharges has become a serious ecological environmental issue. Despite the membrane separation technique having a promising application in wastewater purification, the membrane fabrication method and separation robustness have remained unsatisfactory until now. Herein, we developed a novel strategy, spacer-assisted sequential phase conversion, to create a patterned polyvinylidene fluoride@polypropylene (P-PVDF@PP) substrate membrane with a multiscale roughened surface. Based on that surface structure, the underwater oil resistance behavior of the P-PVDF@PP membrane was improved. Moreover, owing to the abundant active sites on the P-PVDF@PP surface, the polydopamine/P-PVDF@PP (PDA/P-PVDF@PP) Janus membrane could be readily fabricated via wet chemical modification, which exhibited excellent switchable oil-water separation performance. Regarding surfactant-stabilized oil-water emulsion, the as-prepared PDA/P-PVDF@PP Janus membrane also had robust separation efficiency (as high as 99% in the n-hexane/water, chloroform/water, and toluene/water emulsion separation cases) and desirable reusability. Finally, the underlying mechanism of emulsion separation in the PDA/P-PVDF@PP Janus membrane was specified. The as-designed PDA/P-PVDF@PP Janus membrane with high-efficiency oil-water separation shows potential application in oily wastewater treatment, and the developed fabrication method has implications for the fabrication of advanced separation membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjun Peng
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, National Institute of Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Bhaskar Jyoti Deka
- Department of Hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, India
| | - Shaodi Wu
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhongyuan Luo
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, National Institute of Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen 518110, China
| | - Jehad A. Kharraz
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wei Jia
- National Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Devices, National Institute of Advanced Medical Devices, Shenzhen 518110, China
- Institute of Biomedical and Health Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518110, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Y, Meng R, Zhou J, Liu X, Guo W. Halloysite nanotubes-decorated electrospun biobased polyamide scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
9
|
Polydopamine-modified ceramic membrane for filtering brown sugar redissolved syrup: Characterisation, experiments, and advanced modelling. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
10
|
Imidacloprid-loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Simultaneously Coated with Tridecyl Alcohol and Polydopamine for NIR-Triggered Delivery on Aphis craccivora Koch. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 220:112882. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
11
|
Zhou Y, Jiang Y, Zhang Y, Tan L. Improvement of Antibacterial and Antifouling Properties of a Cellulose Acetate Membrane by Surface Grafting Quaternary Ammonium Salt. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38358-38369. [PMID: 35950600 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c09963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Through etherification reaction, epoxy propyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium chloride (EPDMDAC) was grafted onto the surface of a cellulose acetate (CA) membrane to prepare a stable nonleaching antibacterial antifouling membrane (QCA-X). The results showed that with the extension of grafting reaction time, the quaternary ammonium salt groups on the membrane surface increased and the hydrophilicity was enhanced. Compared with those of the CA membrane, the filtration capacity and antifouling performance of the QCA-X membrane are improved. When the grafting time is 4 h, the water permeability and flux recovery rate of the QCA-4 membrane are increased by 139 and 21.5%, respectively. The QCA-X membrane showed excellent antibacterial performance, and the sterilization rate against S. aureus and E. coli was more than 99.99%. After four repeated antibacterial cycles, the bactericidal rates against S. aureus and E. coli were maintained at about 99.69 ± 0.02 and 99.98 ± 0.02%, respectively, with good antibacterial persistence. Moreover, the QCA-X membrane can effectively inhibit bacterial adhesion. Mild and simple EPDMDAC grafting modifications improve the antibacterial, antifouling, and antibioadhesion properties of the CA membrane, showing its application potential in long-term water treatment, especially in biofouling water treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Research Center for Fiber Science and Engineering Technology, Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology/Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Yibin 64460, China
| | - Yuanzhang Jiang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Research Center for Fiber Science and Engineering Technology, Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology/Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Yibin 64460, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Research Center for Fiber Science and Engineering Technology, Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology/Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Yibin 64460, China
| | - Lin Tan
- College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
- Research Center for Fiber Science and Engineering Technology, Yibin Institute of Industrial Technology/Sichuan University, Yibin Park, Yibin 64460, China
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zeng G, Liu Y, Lin Q, Pu S, Zheng S, Ang MBMY, Chiao YH. Constructing composite membranes from functionalized metal organic frameworks integrated MXene intended for ultrafast oil/water emulsion separation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
13
|
Porphyrin Functionalized Laser-Induced Graphene and Porous WO3 Assembled Effective Z-Scheme Photocatalyst for Promoted Visible-Light-Driven Degradation of Ciprofloxacin. Catal Letters 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-021-03786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
14
|
Progress for Co-Incorporation of Polydopamine and Nanoparticles for Improving Membranes Performance. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12070675. [PMID: 35877880 PMCID: PMC9317275 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12070675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating polydopamine has become a viable method for membrane modification due to its universality and versatility. Fillers in their different categories have been confirmed as effective elements to improve the properties of membranes such as hydrophilicity, permeability, mechanical strength, and fouling resistance. Thus, this paper mainly highlights the recent studies that have been carried out using polydopamine and nanomaterial fillers simultaneously in modifying the performance of different membranes such as ultrafiltration, microfiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, and forward osmosis membranes according to the various modification methods. Graphene oxide nanoparticles have recently attracted a lot of attention among different nanoparticles used with polydopamine, due to their impressive characteristics impacts on enhancing membrane hydrophilicity, mechanical strength, and fouling resistance. Thus, the incorporation techniques of graphene oxide nanoparticles and polydopamine for enhancing membranes have been highlighted in this work. Moreover, different studies carried out on using polydopamine as a nanofiller for optimizing membrane performance have been discussed. Finally, perspectives, and possible paths of further research on mussel-inspired polydopamine and nanoparticles co-incorporation are stated according to the progress made in this field. It is anticipated that this review would provide benefits for the scientific community in designing a new generation of polymeric membranes for the treatment of different feed water and wastewater based on adhesive mussel inspired polydopamine polymer and nanomaterials combinations.
Collapse
|
15
|
Li D, Chen M, Guo W, Li P, Wang H, Ding W, Li M, Xu Y. In Situ Grown Nanohydroxyapatite Hybridized Graphene Oxide: Enhancing the Strength and Bioactivity of Polymer Scaffolds. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:12242-12254. [PMID: 35449948 PMCID: PMC9016834 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) are usually used for improving the strength and bioactivity of polymer scaffolds. However, due to the nano-aggregation effect, these applications often face the problems of uneven dispersion and poor interface bonding. In this work, their hybrids (GO@nHA) were constructed by combining chemical modification and in situ growth methods, realizing the perfect combination of nHA and GO. First, the functionalization of GO was realized through oxidative self-polymerization of dopamine (DA), and the product was denoted GO@DA. Furthermore, the in situ growth of nHA on GO@DA was induced by hydrothermal reactions to prepare GO@nHA hybrids. Then, the obtained hybrid was added to the polymer matrix, and a composite scaffold was prepared through a selective laser sintering process. The results demonstrated that with the addition of GO@DA and GO@nHA, the ultimate strength was increased to 16.8 and 18.6 MPa, respectively, which is 66 and 84% higher than the 10.1 MPa of the polylactic acid (PLA) scaffold. In addition, composite scaffolds exhibited good biomineralization ability in vitro and also promoted the adhesion and proliferation of MG63 cells.
Collapse
|
16
|
Spectral and Structural Properties of High-Quality Reduced Graphene Oxide Produced via a Simple Approach Using Tetraethylenepentamine. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081240. [PMID: 35457948 PMCID: PMC9031607 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A simple temperature-assisted solution interaction technique was used to functionalize and reduce graphene oxide (GO) using tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) with less chemicals, low temperature, and without using other reducing agents. GO nanosheets, produced using a modified Hummers’ method, were functionalized using two different GO:TEPA ratios (1:5 and 1:10). The reduction of GO was evaluated and confirmed by different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. The FTIR and XPS spectra revealed that most of the oxygenated groups of GO were reduced. The emergence of amide groups in the XPS survey of the rGO-TEPA samples confirmed the successful reaction of TEPA with the carboxyl groups on the edges of GO. The replacement of the oxygenated groups increased the carbon/oxygen (C/O) ratio of GO by approximately 60%, suggesting a good reduction degree. It was found that the I2D/ID+D′ ratio and the relative intensity of the D″ band clearly increased after the reduction reaction, suggesting that these bands are good estimators for the reduction degree of GO. The morphological structure of GO was also affected by the reaction with TEPA, which was confirmed by SEM and TEM images. The TEM images showed that the transparent GO sheets became denser and opaque after functionalization with TEPA, indicating an increase in the stacking level of the GO sheets. This was further confirmed by the XRD analysis, which showed a clear decrease in the d-spacing, caused by the removal of oxygenated groups during the reduction reaction.
Collapse
|
17
|
Shijie F, Jiefeng Z, Yunling G, Junxian Y. Polydopamine-CaCO3 modified superhydrophilic nanocomposite membrane used for highly efficient separation of oil-in-water emulsions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
18
|
Wu Y, Ye H, You C, Zhou W, Chen J, Xiao W, Garba ZN, Wang L, Yuan Z. Construction of functionalized graphene separation membranes and their latest progress in water purification. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
19
|
Yan X, Cheng S, Ma C, Li J, Wang G, Yang C. D-spacing controllable GO membrane intercalated by sodium tetraborate pentahydrate for dye contamination wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 422:126939. [PMID: 34449342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sodium tetraborate pentahydrate (STB) was intercalated into graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets to form a nanocomposite (STB@GO). Subsequently, it was self-assembled on a substrate membrane to prepare STB@GO nanofiltration membrane. The properties of the STB@GO powder samples and the nanofiltration membrane were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), contact angle (CA), and zeta potential. When the STB concentration was 1.0 g/L in the cross-linking reaction, the membrane was described as the STB2@GO membrane and exhibited a large interlayer space (d-spacing = 1.347 nm), high hydrophilicity (CA = 22.2°), and high negative potential (zeta = -18.0 mV). Meanwhile, the pure water flux of the membrane was significantly increased by 56.60% than that of the GO membrane. In addition, the STB2@GO membrane exhibited a favorable capability for dye rejection,98.52% for Evans blue (EB), 99.26% for Victoria blue B (VB), 91.94% for Alizarin yellow (AY), and 93.21% for Neutral red (NR). Furthermore, the STB2@GO membrane performed better in dye separation under various types and concentrations of dye, pH values, and ions in solution. Thus, this study provides a promising method for preparing laminated GO nanofiltration membranes for dye wastewater treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Yan
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shirong Cheng
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Cong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; Tianjin Haiyuanhui Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Junyu Li
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Guodong Wang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Chengyu Yang
- College of Hydrology and Water Resources, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lei J, Guo Z. Superamphiphilic stainless steel mesh for oil/water emulsion separation on-demand. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
21
|
Gnanasekaran G, G A, Mok YS. A high-flux metal-organic framework membrane (PSF/MIL-100 (Fe)) for the removal of microplastics adsorbing dye contaminants from textile wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
22
|
Xiao F, Cao M, Chu R, Hu X, Shi W, Chen Y. Novel Perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride modified Zr-MOFs/Graphene oxide membrane for dye wastewater treatment. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 610:671-686. [PMID: 34863539 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.11.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A new type of composite membrane was prepared through the vacuum filtration self-assembly, in which, graphene oxide (GO) was the basic material, and the horizontal insertion material is product of perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and UiO-66-NH2 (PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2). The leading role of Π-Π conjugate, auxiliary effect of hydrogen bonding during membrane preparation have been confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectrophotometer, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The prepared GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane had new nodular structure compared to GO membrane by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), which promoted the water transport. In addition, the insertion of PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 narrowed the actual filtration spacing between GO sheets, and PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 could also adsorbed dye laterally. Experiments showed that the permeance of GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane was 1.7 times of GO membrane, and the removal of methyl blue, congo red, crystal violet and disperse black 9 was close to 100%. Under extreme pH, high salt concentration and multiple recycling, its separation ability was still excellent. The GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane constituted a unique synergistic structure of vertical-screening and horizontal-adsorption, which successfully overcame the trade-off effect and obtained excellent stability of structure and performance. Therefore, GO@PTCDA-UiO-66-NH2 membrane had great potential in practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Ming Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Rongrong Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Applications, Tianjin Motimo Membrane Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300042, PR China
| | - Wenxiong Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Yingbo Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wang T, Wang J, Zhao Z, Zheng X, Li J, Liu H, Zhao Z. Bio-inspired Fabrication of Anti-fouling and Stability of Nanofiltration Membranes with a Poly(dopamine)/Graphene Oxide Interlayer. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| | - Jin Wang
- Administrative Committee of Wuhan East Lake High-tech Development Zone, Wuhan 430075, Hubei province, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| | - Jiding Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Helei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| | - Zhiping Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Feng L, Gao Y, Xu Y, Dan H, Qi Y, Wang S, Yin F, Yue Q, Gao B. A dual-functional layer modified GO@SiO 2 membrane with excellent anti-fouling performance for continuous separation of oil-in-water emulsion. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 420:126681. [PMID: 34329096 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
As the most significant target of membrane separation, the inadequacy of permeability and anti-fouling frequently constrain the application of the membrane in actual oily wastewater. Herein, a novel concept of membrane surface construction was proposed to mitigate this intractable problem, using SiO2 as the support layer and graphene oxide (GO) as the isolation layer. The best co-localization proportion of the support layer (56 mg/L) and isolation layer (3.5 mg/L) was determined by the separation performance of the modified membranes for the simulated emulsion. The thin GO layer could effectively prevent contaminants from entering the membrane pores without affecting its roughness. Based on the synergistic action of the isolation layer and support layer, the GO@SiO2 membrane could well implement emulsion purification with a stable permeability (654.11 LMHB) and high separation efficiency (99.41%). The superior anti-fouling performance of the membrane ensures its long-term cycling stability, with the permeability recovery rate of 89.75% (low-density oil) and 90.41% (high-density oil) after 10 repeated cycles. The storage stability also indirectly increases its value in practical applications. More importantly, the GO@SiO2 membrane also shows great potential for industrial emulsion treatment with excellent purification and cycling stability (permeability recovery rate of 84.01%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lidong Feng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Yue Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Yan Xu
- MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd., 7 Jian'an Street, Beijing Economic and Technological Development Area, Beijing 100176, PR China
| | - Hongbing Dan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Yuanfeng Qi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266033, PR China
| | | | | | - Qinyan Yue
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chen T, Zhou S, Hu Z, Fu X, Liu Z, Su B, Wan H, Du X, Gao Z. A multifunctional superhydrophobic melamine sponge decorated with Fe3O4/Ag nanocomposites for high efficient oil-water separation and antibacterial application. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
26
|
Zheng S, Zhao X, Liu G, Wu F, Li J. A multifunctional UiO-66@carbon interlayer as an efficacious suppressor of polysulfide shuttling for lithium-sulfur batteries. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:365404. [PMID: 34062515 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac06f7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Restraining the shuttle effect in lithium-sulfur (Li-S) battery is crucial to realize its practical application. In this work, a UiO-66@carbon (UiO-66@CC) interlayer was developed for Li-S battery by growing a continuous UiO-66 film on carbon cloth. The continuous UiO-66 crystal layer contributes to provide sufficient adsorptive and catalytic sites for efficient adsorption and catalytic conversion towards polysulfides. Moreover, the hydrophilic property of UiO-66 material ensures the full infiltration of electrolyte and accelerates the transportation of lithium ions. Profiting from the above advantages of the proposed interlayer, the shuttle effect is effectively inhibited and a fast redox kinetic is also realized. Accordingly, the Li-S battery using UiO-66@CC delivers a specific capacity of 1228.9 mAh g-1at 0.2 C with a nearly 100% capacity retention after 100 cycles, and the first specific capacity is 1033.1 mAh g-1at 1.0 C with a decay rate of 0.07% over 600 cycles. Meanwhile, UiO-66@CC interlayer also has an excellent rate performance with a specific capacity of 535.9 mAh g-1at 5.0 C and a high area capacity of 6.2 mAh cm-2at increased sulfur loading (8.15 mg cm-2).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoning Zheng
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinnan Zhao
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Guihua Liu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Feichao Wu
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingde Li
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and High Efficient Energy Saving, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300130, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Preparation of Janus membrane based on biomimetic polydopamine interface regulation and superhydrophobic attapulgite spraying for on-demand oil-water emulsion separation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
|
28
|
Xu S, Xiao G, Wang Z, Wang Y, Liu Z, Su H. A reusable chitosan/TiO 2@g-C 3N 4 nanocomposite membrane for photocatalytic removal of multiple toxic water pollutants under visible light. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 83:3063-3074. [PMID: 34185700 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis has been proved to be a promising approach in wastewater purification. However, it is hard to recycle powdery photocatalysts from wastewater in industry, but immobilizing them using larger materials can overcome this drawback. For that reason, TiO2@g-C3N4 was embedded into chitosan to synthesize a highly reusable and visible-light-driven chitosan/TiO2@g-C3N4 nanocomposite membrane (CTGM). CTGM showed enhanced photoactivity and the photocatalytic efficiencies of the toxic water pollutants methyl orange (M.O.), rhodamine B (Rh.B), chromium (VI) (Cr (VI)), 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and atrazine (ATZ) were more than 90% under visible light at ambient conditions. Significantly, CTGM was easy to recycle and showed excellent reusability: there was no decrease in the photocatalytic decolorization efficiency of Rh.B throughout 10 cycles. A continuous-flow photocatalysis system was set up and 90% of Rh.B was effectively decolorized. A simple approach was developed to prepare a novel, effective and visible-light-driven membrane that was easy to reuse, and a feasible photocatalysis continuous-flow system was designed to be a reference for wastewater treatment in industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail:
| | - Gang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail:
| | - Zishuai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail:
| | - Yaoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail:
| | - Ziwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail:
| | - Haijia Su
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Yuan G, Yu Y, Li J, Jiang D, Gu J, Tang Y, Qiu H, Xiong W, Liu N. Facile fabrication of a noval melamine derivative-doped UiO-66 composite for enhanced Co(II) removal from aqueous solution. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
|
30
|
Alkhouzaam A, Qiblawey H. Novel polysulfone ultrafiltration membranes incorporating polydopamine functionalized graphene oxide with enhanced flux and fouling resistance. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
31
|
Jia X, Zhang B, Chen C, Fu X, Huang Q. Immobilization of chitosan grafted carboxylic Zr-MOF to porous starch for sulfanilamide adsorption. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
32
|
Kwon T, Chun J. ON/OFF Switchable Nanocomposite Membranes for Separations. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2415. [PMID: 33092179 PMCID: PMC7589038 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although water, air, and other resources are abundant on earth, they have been subjected to strict environmental regulations. This is because of their limitation of availability for human consumption. In the separation industry, the membrane system was introduced to increase the amount of resources available to mankind. Experts used an easy-to-use polymeric material to design several membranes with porous structures for wastewater treatment, gas separation, and chemical removal; consequently, they succeeded in obtaining positive results. However, past polymeric membranes exhibited a chronic drawback such that it was difficult to simultaneously augment the permeate flux and improve its selectivity toward certain substances. Because of the trade-off relationship that existed between permeability and selectivity, the membrane efficiency was not very good; consequently, the cost-effectiveness was significantly hindered because there was no other alternative than to replace the membrane in order to maintain its initial characteristics steadily. This review begins with the introduction of a polymer nanocomposite (PNC) membrane that has been designed to solve the chronic problem of polymeric membranes; subsequently, the stimuli-responsive PNC membrane is elucidated, which has established itself as a popular topic among researchers in the separation industry for several decades. Furthermore, we have listed the different types and examples of stimuli-responsive PNC membranes, which can be switched by external stimuli, while discussing the future direction of the membrane separation industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taegyun Kwon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Korea;
| | - Jinyoung Chun
- Energy & Environment Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology (KICET), Gyeongnam 52851, Korea
| |
Collapse
|