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Chu LC. Effect of compassion fatigue on emotional labor in female nurses: Moderating effect of self-compassion. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301101. [PMID: 38547163 PMCID: PMC10977725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Emotional labor is common in nursing but may be affected by the mental state of nurses. This study explored the effect of compassion fatigue on emotional labor and whether self-compassion moderates this effect of compassion fatigue. METHODS A two-stage survey design with a convenience sample. Participants were female nursing staff recruited from emergency departments, intensive care units, ward nursing units, and outpatient departments of medical centers, regional hospitals, and district hospitals in Taiwan. A total of 300 questionnaire copies in each of the first and second stages were distributed, and 272 pairs of responses were retrieved (valid response rate = 91%). The reliability and validity of the questionnaire were tested, and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted with AMOS 21. The proposed hypotheses were verified using hierarchical regression conducted with SPSS version 25.0. RESULTS This study revealed that compassion fatigue positively predicted surface acting (β = 0.12, p < 0.05) and negatively predicted deep acting (β = -0.18, p < 0.01) and expression of genuine emotions (β = -0.31, p < 0.01). In addition, self-compassion negatively moderates the relationships between compassion fatigue and surface acting (β = -0.12, p < 0.05), and positively moderates the relationships between compassion fatigue and expression of genuine emotions (β = 0.15, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS To avoid excessive consumption of emotional resources, nurses with high compassion fatigue may employ surface acting by engaging in emotional labor without making an effort to adjust their feelings. Nurses need also be sympathized with, and such sympathy can come from hospitals, supervisors, colleagues, and, most crucially, the nurses themselves. Hospital executives should propose improvement strategies that can prevent the compassion fatigue on nurses, such as improving nurses' self-compassion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chuan Chu
- School of Health Policy and Management, Chung Shan Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China
- Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China
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Perone AK. Constructing Discrimination Rights: Comparisons Among Staff in Long-Term Care Health Facilities. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2023; 63:900-909. [PMID: 36183258 PMCID: PMC10268581 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Despite increased attention to racial and gender justice in the workplace in recent years, discrimination complaints remain vastly underreported. Building on legal consciousness theory-which explains how individuals invoke (or do not invoke) legal principles to define everyday experiences-this study examines how long-term care facility staff understand experiences of discrimination by residents and why staff fails to report discrimination. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This qualitative comparative study uses in-depth semistructured ethnographic interviews to compare experiences among facility staff (n = 80) at three levels (floor staff, mid-management, and upper-management). The qualitative content analysis incorporated both inductive and deductive coding approaches. RESULTS Findings reveal extensive unreported instances of discrimination from residents. Staff at all levels rarely invoked discrimination concepts to describe interactions between residents and staff. Floor staff framed residents' discriminatory behavior as a condition of employment or attributed resident behavior to their health or cognitive status. Mid-management framed experiences around staff safety. Upper-management acknowledged staff rights without invoking discrimination rhetoric. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS By avoiding naming experiences as discrimination and blaming residents, most floor staff never reached the claiming process that would result in a report or complaint of discrimination. Managers' framings also shaped how front-line staff and managers named, blamed, and claimed experiences of discrimination and help explain why staff may be hesitant to report discrimination by residents. These findings suggest the need for new and targeted policy and practice approaches that address the nuances accompanying how staff understands workplace experiences as discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela K Perone
- School of Social Welfare, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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Holloway K. Emotional Labor of Nurses and Phlebotomists in a New Source Plasma Collection Site During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2023; 10:23333936231192000. [PMID: 37635764 PMCID: PMC10449104 DOI: 10.1177/23333936231192000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As uses of plasma-derived medical products increase globally, so does the demand to collect plasma from donors. There is evidence that positive interactions with center staff motivate plasma donors to return. This paper reports on a focused ethnography investigating experiences of nurses and phlebotomists in one of Canadian Blood Services' first source plasma collection center during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants found the transition from whole blood collection to source plasma amid a global pandemic challenging, but they adapted by coming together as a team, and then worked to put the donor experience first. Their experience resonates with scholarship on emotional labor. As blood services worldwide attempt to increase source plasma collection, there is a need to understand care work that nurses and phlebotomists perform on the front-line. This study offers insight into how blood services can support staff in plasma operations by recognizing emotional labor.
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Kim MN, Yoo YS, Cho OH, Hwang KH. Emotional Labor and Burnout of Public Health Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Mediating Effects of Perceived Health Status and Perceived Organizational Support. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19010549. [PMID: 35010814 PMCID: PMC8744956 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the mediating effects of perceived health status (PHS) and perceived organizational support (POS) in the association between emotional labor and burnout in public health nurses (PHNs). The participants were 207 PHNs convenience sampled from 30 public health centers and offices in Jeju, Korea. Data regarding emotional labor, PHS, POS, and burnout were collected between February and March 2021 using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis. Burnout of PHNs was positively correlated with emotional labor (r = 0.64, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with PHS (r = −0.51, p < 0.001) and POS (r = −0.51, p < 0.001). In the association between emotional labor and burnout, PHS (B = −1.36, p < 0.001) and POS (B = −0.42, p = 0.001) had a partial mediating effect. Reduction of burnout among PHNs requires not only effective management of emotional labor but also personal and organizational efforts to improve PHS and POS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Na Kim
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seoul 06591, Korea;
| | - Yang-Sook Yoo
- College of Nursing, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seoul 06591, Korea;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ok-Hee Cho
- Department of Nursing, College of Nursing and Health, Kongju National University, 56 Gongju-deahak-ro, Gongju-si 32588, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Hye Hwang
- Department of Nursing, Suwon Science College, 288 Seja-ro, Hwaseong-si 18516, Korea;
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Ruiz Fernández MD, Lirola MJ, Ramos-Pichardo JD, Ortíz-Amo R, Ibáñez-Masero O, Rodríguez Gómez S, Ortega-Galán ÁM. Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Health Related to Expressed Compassion Fatigue: A Study in Health Sector at Regional Level. Front Psychol 2021; 12:729624. [PMID: 34916989 PMCID: PMC8670400 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.729624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The work of health professionals often involves physical as well as psychological strain. They constantly deal with traumatic situations of pain and suffering, which destabilize the sense of well-being. Compassion fatigue is a feeling that appears in these cases and is related to other variables such as burnout or emotional drain. Aims: The principal aim of this project was to deepen the analysis of compassion fatigue and how it could be explained through the relationship with other constructs such as emotional intelligence and perceived health. Methods: This work followed the STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies. In this study 1,521 nurses (Mage = 47.32; SD = 8.44) participated. The responses reported by the nurses were analyzed by classifying them as high or low compassion fatigue and the differences of both groups were analyzed for the variables of emotional intelligence, perceived health and quality of professional life. Results: It was obtained significant differences for all factors except for emotional intelligence factor. A linear regression analysis showed both emotional intelligence and perceived health helped to explain (12%) compassion fatigue. Conclusion: This study provides light on comprehending the conception of compassion fatigue. It highlights the importance of intervention programs that improve the quality of professional life.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy, and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain.,Facultad Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | | | - Rocío Ortíz-Amo
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Anxiolytic and Antidepressant Use and Burnout: Optimism as a Mediator in Spanish Nurses. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10245741. [PMID: 34945037 PMCID: PMC8708842 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10245741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between burnout, the use of drugs (anxiolytics and antidepressants) and optimism in nurses. At the end of 2018, a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out with a sample of actively employed nurses recruited by snowball sampling. The sample consisted of 1432 nurses in Andalusia (Spain), aged 22–58, who were working at the time of data collection, 83.2% of whom were women. Data were collected anonymously in an ad hoc questionnaire about sociodemographic information and use of anxiolytics and/or antidepressives: the Brief Burnout Questionnaire—Revised for Nurses (CBB-R) and the Life Orientation Test—Revised (LOT-R). Descriptive, mediation and moderation analyses were performed, with significant results having a p-value less than 0.05. The results on burnout showed significant relationships with use of the drugs. In particular, personal impact, job dissatisfaction and motivational abandonment were positively related to use of certain of the anxiolytics and antidepressants presented, while the correlation with the social climate was negative. Furthermore, optimism correlated negatively with drug use. Knowing that optimism can alleviate the repercussions of the use of drugs opens up new lines of research and the possibility of developing programs aimed at promoting a positive disposition in the face of complicated events.
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The Experience of Emotional Labor and Its Related Factors among Nurses in General Hospital Settings in Republic of Korea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the status of emotional labor and its related factors among nurses in general hospital settings in Korea. A total of seven electronic databases were comprehensively searched to find relevant cross-sectional studies published up to 28 January 2021. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata version 13.1. In total, 131 studies were included. The population showed a standardized mean difference of 3.38 (95% confidence interval, 3.34 to 3.42) in emotional labor assessed by a 1–5 Likert scale. The level of emotional labor had significant negative correlations with job satisfaction, social support, organizational engagement, coworker support, resilience, and nurses’ work environment, while it had significant positive correlations with emotional labor and burnout, turnover intention, and job stress. Although the methodological quality of the included studies was generally good, 24 of the included studies (18.32%) were evaluated as lacking generalization potential or otherwise as unclear. In conclusion, nurses in general hospital settings in Korea experience mild-to-moderate levels of emotional labor. There is some evidence that the emotional labor of nurses and its detrimental effects can be buffered at both the individual and hospital levels, and future research should focus on developing targeted interventions and evaluating their effectiveness.
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Song J, Liu F, Li X, Qu Z, Zhang R, Yao J. The Effect of Emotional Labor on Presenteeism of Chinese Nurses in Tertiary-Level Hospitals: The Mediating Role of Job Burnout. Front Public Health 2021; 9:733458. [PMID: 34621722 PMCID: PMC8490699 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.733458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Employees who are physically present but work insufficiently because of illness are deemed as having presenteeism. In the health care setting, the issue has taken on greater importance because of the impairment of the physical and mental health of nurses and the nursing safety of the patients. According to the Job Demand-Resource Model, burnout may link emotional labor with presenteeism. Thus, this study analyzed the role of burnout as a mediating factor between the three types of emotional labor strategies and presenteeism among nurses in tertiary-level hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1,038 nurses from six Chinese hospitals was conducted. The questionnaires, including the 14-item emotional labor strategies scale, 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory scale, 6-item Stanford Presenteeism Scale, and items about demographic characteristics and work-related factors, were used to collect data. A multivariable linear regression was used to predict work-related factors and investigate the correlation of emotional labor, burnout, and presenteeism. The structural equation model was implemented to test the mediating effects of job burnout. Results: The results of the study showed that the average presenteeism score of the participants was 14.18 (4.33), which is higher than in Spanish, Portuguese, and Brazilian nurses. Presenteeism was explained by 22.8% of the variance in the final model in multivariable linear regression (P < 0.01). Presenteeism was found to be positively correlated with surface acting, emotionally expressed demands, deep acting, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment (P < 0.01). Notably, presenteeism was negatively correlated with deep acting (P < 0.01). In addition, burnout partially mediated the correlation between emotionally expressed demands, deep acting, and presenteeism with a mediatory effect of 24 and 63.31% of the total effect. Burnout completely mediated the association between surface acting and presenteeism, a mediating effect of 86.44% of the total effect. Conclusions: The results of this study suggested that different emotional labor strategies affect presenteeism, either directly or indirectly. Nursing managers should intervene to reduce presenteeism by improving the ability of the nurses to manage emotions, thereby alleviating burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Fang Liu
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhan Qu
- School of Nursing, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rongqiang Zhang
- School of public health, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Jie Yao
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
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9
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Sezen-Gultekin G, Bayrakcı M, Limon İ. The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment on the Relationship Between Emotional Labor and Work Engagement of Teachers. Front Psychol 2021; 12:648404. [PMID: 34290645 PMCID: PMC8287209 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.648404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the mediating role of teachers’ organizational commitment (OC) on the relationship between their emotional labor (EL) and work engagement (WE). The study employed a cross-sectional design. The sample of the study consisted of the teachers working in Sakarya province of Turkey. They participated in the study voluntarily and responded scale items online. The findings showed that teachers’ perceptions of EL, OC and WE is relatively high. Also, there are statistically significant and positive correlations among variables. On the other hand, the findings confirmed the hypotheses. Teachers’ EL predicts their OC and WE. Additionally, OC predicts WE and plays a mediating role on the relationship between EL and WE. Based on the findings some suggestions were made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Sezen-Gultekin
- Educational Administration and Supervision Program, Educational Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Bayrakcı
- Educational Administration and Supervision Program, Educational Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Turkey
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10
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Yi JS, Kim E, Kim H. Health-Related Symptoms and Working Conditions on Vulnerability to Presenteeism Among Nurses in South Korea. Asia Pac J Public Health 2021; 33:880-887. [PMID: 34126792 DOI: 10.1177/10105395211008692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Presenteeism among nurses is reported to be higher than that of other professional workers, and affects one's health and the safety of their patients. Therefore, study on correlation between complex working condition and presenteeism is needed among nurses. This study aimed to predict characteristics of high-risk groups for presenteeism among nurses. The analysis used data which generated 478 nurses who participated in the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey (2017). This study built a complex samples logistic regression model and decision tree analysis. Presenteeism was significantly higher among those who experienced musculoskeletal pain, high emotional demands, discrimination, and psychological adverse social behavior at the workplace. Combined presence of psychological adverse social behavior and musculoskeletal pain was predicted presenteeism, and should be treated as groups with a high risk of presenteeism. Nurses should be aware of high-risk group for presenteeism and treat them as a priority group to manage.
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11
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Haw J, Polzer J, Devine DV. Emotional labour and cord blood collection: frontline perspectives. J Health Organ Manag 2021; 34:587-601. [PMID: 32681634 DOI: 10.1108/jhom-10-2019-0305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper aims to examine emotional labour in the work of frontline staff (FLS) of the Canadian Blood Services' Cord Blood Bank (CBB), contributes to understandings of emotional labour by allied healthcare workers and suggests implications for healthcare managers. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH Qualitative interviews with 15 FLS were conducted and analyzed as part of a process evaluation of donor recruitment and cord blood collection in Canada. FINDINGS Emotional labour with donors and hospital staff emerged as a vital component of FLS' donor recruitment and cord blood collection work. Emotional labour was performed with donors to contribute to a positive birthing experience, facilitate communication and provide support. Emotional labour was performed with hospital staff to gain acceptance and build relationships, enlist support and navigate hierarchies of authority. RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS The results indicate that FLS perform emotional labour with women to provide donor care and with hospital staff to facilitate organizational conditions. The findings are based on FLS' accounts of their work and would be enhanced by research that examines the perspectives of donors and hospital staff. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS Attention should be paid to organizational conditions that induce the performance of emotional labour and may add to FLS workload. Formal reciprocal arrangements between FLS and hospital staff may reduce the responsibility on FLS and enable them to focus on recruitment and collections. ORIGINALITY/VALUE This paper addresses a gap in the healthcare management literature by identifying the emotional labour of allied healthcare workers. It also contributes to the cord blood banking literature by providing empirically grounded analysis of frontline collection staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennie Haw
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Canada.,Western University, London, Canada
| | | | - Dana V Devine
- Canadian Blood Services, Ottawa, Canada.,The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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Empathy, Affect and Personality as Predictors of Engagement in Nursing Professionals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18084110. [PMID: 33924629 PMCID: PMC8069075 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18084110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It seems that personality traits affect engagement and the quality of professional life, which is mediated by the emotional and affective states of nursing personnel. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to analyze the relationships between the components of empathy, affect, personality, and engagement, find personality profiles, identify the variables with the most explanatory value, and analyze the mediating role of the variables susceptible to intervention in the relationship between personality and the components of engagement. METHODS A sample of 1268 nurses completed the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, 10-item Big Five Inventory, Basic Empathy Scale, and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. RESULTS Empathy, affect, and personality influence engagement factors in nurses. The vigor and absorption factors of engagement showed a positive relationship with empathy, positive affect, and all of the Big Five personality factors except neuroticism with which the relationship was negative. Personality affected the vigor, dedication, and absorption factors of engagement, and cognitive empathy mediated this relationship. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the need to continue investigating the factors that affect and mediate in engagement of nursing professionals.
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Sasaki N, Imamura K, Tran TTT, Nguyen HT, Kuribayashi K, Sakuraya A, Bui TM, Nguyen QT, Nguyen NT, Nguyen GTH, Zhang MW, Minas H, Sekiya Y, Watanabe K, Tsutsumi A, Shimazu A, Kawakami N. Effects of Smartphone-Based Stress Management on Improving Work Engagement Among Nurses in Vietnam: Secondary Analysis of a Three-Arm Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23:e20445. [PMID: 33620328 PMCID: PMC7943341 DOI: 10.2196/20445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Work engagement is important for employee well-being and work performance. However, no intervention study has investigated the effect of an eMental Health intervention on work engagement among workers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Objective The aim of the study was to examine the effects of a newly developed smartphone-based stress management program (ABC Stress Management) on improving work engagement among hospital nurses in Vietnam, an LMIC. Methods Full-time registered nurses (n=949) were randomly assigned to one of 2 intervention groups or a control group. The intervention groups were a 6-week, 6-lesson program offering basic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-based stress management skills), provided in either free-choice (program A) or fixed order (program B). Work engagement was assessed at baseline and 3-month and 7-month follow-ups in each of the 3 groups. Results The scores of work engagement in both intervention groups improved from baseline to 3-month follow-up, and then decreased at the 7-month follow-up, while the score steadily increased from baseline to 7-month follow-up in the control group. Program B showed a significant intervention effect on improving work engagement at the 3-month follow-up (P=.049) with a small effect size (Cohen d= 0.16; 95% CI 0.001 to 0.43]). Program A showed nonsignificant trend (d=0.13; 95% CI –0.014 to 0.41; P=.07) toward improved engagement at 3 months. Neither program achieved effectiveness at the 7-month follow-up. Conclusions The study demonstrated that a fixed order (program B) delivery of a smartphone-based stress management program was effective in improving work engagement in nurses in Vietnam. However, the effect was small and only temporary. Further improvement of this program is required to achieve a greater effect size and more sustained, longer lasting impact on work engagement. Trial Registration University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry UMIN000033139; tinyurl.com/55gxo253 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025138
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsu Sasaki
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Imamura
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thuy Thi Thu Tran
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thanh Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Sciences-Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Kazuto Kuribayashi
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asuka Sakuraya
- Department of Public Health, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Thu Minh Bui
- Nursing Office, Bach Mai Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quynh Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Environmental and Occupational Health, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nga Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Social Sciences-Behavior and Health Education, Hanoi University of Public Health, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Melvyn Weibin Zhang
- National Addiction Management Service, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harry Minas
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Yuki Sekiya
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akizumi Tsutsumi
- Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Akihito Shimazu
- Faculty of Policy Management, Keio University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Norito Kawakami
- Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Whose experience is it anyway? Toward a constructive engagement of tensions in patient-centered health care. JOURNAL OF SERVICE MANAGEMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/josm-04-2020-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PurposeHealthcare delivery faces increasing pressure to move from a provider-centered approach to become more consumer-driven and patient-centered. However, many of the actions taken by clinicians, patients and organizations fail to achieve that aim. This paper aims to take a paradox-based perspective to explore five specific tensions that emerge from this shift and provides implications for patient experience research and practice.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a conceptual approach that synthesizes literature in health services and administration, organizational behavior, services marketing and management and service operations to illuminate five patient experience tensions and explore mitigation strategies.FindingsThe paper makes three key contributions. First, it identifies five tensions that result from the shift to more patient-centered care: patient focus vs employee focus, provider incentives vs provider motivations, care customization vs standardization, patient workload vs organizational workload and service recovery vs organizational risk. Second, it highlights multiple theories that provide insight into the existence of the tensions and how they may be navigated. Third, specific organizational practices that engage the tensions and associated examples of leading organizations are identified. Relevant measures for research and practice are also suggested.Originality/valueThe authors develop a novel analysis of five persistent tensions facing healthcare organizations as a result of a shift to a more consumer-driven, patient-centered approach to care. The authors detail each tension, discuss an existing theory from organizational behavior or services marketing that helps make sense of the tension, suggest potential solutions for managing or resolving the tension and provide representative case illustrations and useful measures.
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Molero Jurado MDM, Pérez-Fuentes MDC, Barragán Martín AB, Gázquez Linares JJ, Oropesa Ruiz NF, Simón Márquez MDM. Emotional Intelligence Components as Predictors of Engagement in Nursing Professionals by Sex. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8010042. [PMID: 32098453 PMCID: PMC7151152 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Engagement of nursing professionals is related to their psychological wellbeing, and therefore, emotional intelligence acts as a predictor. The purpose of this study was to analyze the explanatory value of the dimensions of emotional intelligence in engagement in both sexes, as well as the conditional effect of interaction of sex as a moderating variable. The sample was comprised of 2126 nurses with a mean age of 31.66 years. The Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the Brief Inventory of Emotional Intelligence for Senior Citizens (EQ-i-20M) were used for their evaluation. The results revealed the existence of significant differences in engagement depending on the sex of the nursing professionals. Furthermore, this study showed that the interpersonal component of emotional intelligence is the predictor of engagement of female professionals, while mood and the interpersonal dimensions have a higher predictive value of engagement in males. Finally, this study was able to emphasize the sex differences found along with the importance of the role emotional intelligence dimensions have in engagement levels, which must be taken into account when designing intervention programs to improve engagement and promote participation of nursing professionals in their workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- María del Mar Molero Jurado
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.d.M.M.J.); (A.B.B.M.); (N.F.O.R.); (M.d.M.S.M.)
| | - María del Carmen Pérez-Fuentes
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.d.M.M.J.); (A.B.B.M.); (N.F.O.R.); (M.d.M.S.M.)
- Correspondence: (M.d.C.P.-F.); (J.J.G.L.); Tel.: +34-950015598 (M.d.C.P.-F.)
| | - Ana Belén Barragán Martín
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.d.M.M.J.); (A.B.B.M.); (N.F.O.R.); (M.d.M.S.M.)
| | - José Jesús Gázquez Linares
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.d.M.M.J.); (A.B.B.M.); (N.F.O.R.); (M.d.M.S.M.)
- Department of Psychology, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago 4780000, Chile
- Correspondence: (M.d.C.P.-F.); (J.J.G.L.); Tel.: +34-950015598 (M.d.C.P.-F.)
| | - Nieves Fátima Oropesa Ruiz
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.d.M.M.J.); (A.B.B.M.); (N.F.O.R.); (M.d.M.S.M.)
| | - María del Mar Simón Márquez
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.d.M.M.J.); (A.B.B.M.); (N.F.O.R.); (M.d.M.S.M.)
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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Ortega-Galán ÁM, Fernández-Sola C, Hernández-Padilla JM, Granero-Molina J, Ramos-Pichardo JD. Occupational Factors Associated with Health-Related Quality of Life in Nursing Professionals: A Multi-Centre Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030982. [PMID: 32033257 PMCID: PMC7038014 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Background: Nursing professionals are exposed to stressful situations arising from the work context that may affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The objective of this study was to analyse the relationship between sociodemographic and work-related variables regarding HRQoL in nursing professionals. Methods: A multi-centre, cross-sectional descriptive design was used. The participants consisted 1521 nurses working in healthcare centres, in both primary care and hospital care, in the eight provinces of the Andalusian Public Health System (APHS), Spain. Sociodemographic and work-related variables were analysed: Compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction and burnout were measured using the professional quality of life questionnaire (ProQOL), and HRQoL was measured using the SF-12 health questionnaire. Results: Compassion fatigue, burnou, and, to a lesser extent, compassion satisfaction significantly influence the physical and mental components of HRQoL. The simple regression analysis showed that burnout and compassion fatigue were significantly associated with the mental component of HRQoL. Gender influenced the mental component of HRQoL. The rest of the sociodemographic and work-related variables were not significantly related to HRQoL. Conclusion: Work-related stress and repeated contact with situations of suffering influence HRQoL. Health systems must implement programmes to increase the emotional well-being of workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (C.F.-S.); (J.M.H.-P.); (J.G.-M.)
| | - Ángela María Ortega-Galán
- Department of Nursing, University of Huelva, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-959218322
| | - Cayetano Fernández-Sola
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (C.F.-S.); (J.M.H.-P.); (J.G.-M.)
- Associate Researcher, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
| | - José Manuel Hernández-Padilla
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (C.F.-S.); (J.M.H.-P.); (J.G.-M.)
- Adult, Child and Midwifery Department, School of Health and Education, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK
| | - José Granero-Molina
- Department of Nursing Science, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (C.F.-S.); (J.M.H.-P.); (J.G.-M.)
- Associate Researcher, Faculty of Health Science, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile
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Kwak Y, Han Y, Song JS, Kim JS. Impact of emotional labour and workplace violence on professional quality of life among clinical nurses. Int J Nurs Pract 2019; 26:e12792. [PMID: 31823456 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM We examined Korean nurses professional quality of life, emotional labour and workplace violence to guide development of interventions to improve nurses professional quality of life. BACKGROUND Nurses face heavy exposure to emotional labour and workplace violence. Stress experienced by nurses reduces compassion satisfaction and increases compassion fatigue. METHODS Participants comprised 399 clinical nurses chosen by convenience sampling. Questionnaires measured demographic characteristics, emotional labour, workplace violence and professional quality of life. RESULTS Nurses professional quality of life was affected by emotional labour and workplace violence. Graduate educational level, emotional exposure and emotional supervision were associated with compassion satisfaction. Burnout was commonly associated with emotional exposure, experience and supervision of workplace violence. Secondary traumatic stress was associated with emotional exposure and experience of workplace violence. CONCLUSIONS We elucidated the relationship between professional quality of life, emotional labour and workplace violence. Raising professional quality of life among nurses requires regular analysis of emotional labour and provision of organizational-level interventions. Counselling programmes that address violence prevention education and comprehensive response strategies among nurses and policies that foster an organizational culture of respect and cooperation in hospitals are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeunhee Kwak
- College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghee Han
- Department of Nursing, Hallym Polytechnic University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Seok Song
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- College of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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