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Ahmed J, Nishizaki D, Miyashita H, Lee S, Nesline MK, Pabla S, Conroy JM, DePietro P, Sicklick JK, Kato S, Kurzrock R. TIM-3 transcriptomic landscape with clinical and immunomic correlates in cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2493-2506. [PMID: 38859842 PMCID: PMC11162668 DOI: 10.62347/mqff6404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
TIM-3, an inhibitory checkpoint receptor, may invoke anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) resistance. The predictive impact of TIM-3 RNA expression in various advanced solid tumors among patients treated with ICIs is yet to be determined, and their prognostic significance also remains unexplored. We investigated TIM-3 transcriptomic expression and clinical outcomes. We examined TIM-3 RNA expression data through the OmniSeq database. TIM-3 transcriptomic patterns were calibrated against a reference population (735 tumors), adjusted to internal housekeeping genes, and calculated as percentiles. Overall, 514 patients (31 cancer types; 489 patients with advanced/metastatic disease and clinical annotation) were assessed. Ninety tumors (17.5% of 514) had high (≥75th percentile RNA rank) TIM-3 expression. Pancreatic cancer had the greatest proportion of TIM-3 high expressors (36% of 55 patients). Still, there was variability within cancer types with, for instance, 12.7% of pancreatic cancers harboring low TIM-3 (<25th percentile) levels. High TIM-3 expression independently and significantly correlated with high PD-L2 RNA expression (odds ratio (OR) 9.63, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.91-19.4, P<0.001) and high VISTA RNA expression (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.43-5.13, P=0.002), all in multivariate analysis. High TIM-3 RNA did not correlate with overall survival (OS) from time of metastatic disease in the 272 patients who never received ICIs, suggesting that it is not a prognostic factor. However, high TIM-3 expression predicted longer median OS (but not progression-free survival) in 217 ICI-treated patients (P=0.0033; median OS, 2.84 versus 1.21 years (high versus not-high TIM-3)), albeit not retained in multivariable analysis. In summary, TIM-3 RNA expression was variable between and within malignancies, and high levels associated with high PD-L2 and VISTA checkpoints and with pancreatic cancer. Individual tumor immunomic assessment and co-targeting co-expressed checkpoints merits exploration in prospective trials as part of a precision immunotherapy strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibran Ahmed
- Developmental Therapeutics Clinic, Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of HealthBethesda, MD, The United Sates
| | - Daisuke Nishizaki
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer CenterLa Jolla, CA, The United States
| | - Hirotaka Miyashita
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Hematology and Medical OncologyLebanon, NH, The United States
| | - Suzanna Lee
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer CenterLa Jolla, CA, The United States
| | | | | | | | - Paul DePietro
- OmniSeq Inc. (Labcorp)Buffalo, NY, The United States
| | - Jason K Sicklick
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of California San DiegoSan Diego, CA, The United States
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California San DiegoSan Diego, CA, The United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San DiegoLa Jolla, CA, The United States
| | - Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, Moores Cancer CenterLa Jolla, CA, The United States
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- WIN ConsortiumParis, France
- MCW Cancer Center and Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, The United States
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Grobbelaar C, Kgomo M, Mabeta P. Angiogenesis and Pancreatic Cancer: Novel Approaches to Overcome Treatment Resistance. Curr Cancer Drug Targets 2024; 24:1116-1127. [PMID: 38299403 DOI: 10.2174/0115680096284588240105051402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PCa) is acknowledged as a significant contributor to global cancer- related mortality and is widely recognized as one of the most challenging malignant diseases to treat. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which is the most common type of PCa, is highly aggressive and is mostly incurable. The poor prognosis of this neoplasm is exacerbated by the prevalence of angiogenic molecules, which contribute to stromal stiffness and immune escape. PDAC overexpresses various proangiogenic proteins, including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, and the levels of these molecules correlate with poor prognosis and treatment resistance. Moreover, VEGF-targeting anti-angiogenesis treatments are associated with the onset of resistance due to the development of hypoxia, which in turn induces the production of angiogenic molecules. Furthermore, excessive angiogenesis is one of the hallmarks of the second most common form of PCa, namely, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET). In this review, the role of angiogenesis regulators in promoting disease progression in PCa, and the impact of these molecules on resistance to gemcitabine and various therapies against PCa are discussed. Finally, the use of anti-angiogenic agents in combination with chemotherapy and other targeted therapeutic molecules is discussed as a novel solution to overcome current treatment limitations in PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig Grobbelaar
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, CNR Lynnwood Road and Roper Street, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Mpho Kgomo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, 9 Bophelo Road, Arcadia, CNR Lynnwood Road and Roper Street, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Peace Mabeta
- Department of Physiology, University of Pretoria, CNR Lynnwood Road and Roper Street, Hatfield, 0028South Africa
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3
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Lim J, Kurzrock R, Nishizaki D, Miyashita H, Adashek JJ, Lee S, Pabla S, Nesline M, Conroy JM, DePietro P, Lippman SM, Kato S. Pan-cancer analysis of TIM-3 transcriptomic expression reveals high levels in pancreatic cancer and interpatient heterogeneity. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e6844. [PMID: 38132831 PMCID: PMC10807558 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), an immune checkpoint receptor, dampens immune function. TIM-3 antagonists have entered the clinic. METHODS We analyzed TIM-3 transcriptomic expression in 514 diverse cancers. Transcript abundance was normalized to internal housekeeping genes and ranked (0-100 percentile) to a reference population (735 tumors; 35 histologies [high≥75 percentile rank]). Ninety tumors (17.5%) demonstrated high TIM-3 expression. RESULTS TIM-3 expression varied between and within tumor types. However, high TIM-3 expression was more common in pancreatic cancer (20/55 tumors, 36.4%; odds ratio, 95% confidence interval (pancreatic vs. other tumors) = 3.176 (1.733-5.818; p < 0.001, multivariate]). High TIM-3 also significantly and independently correlated with high PD-L1 (p = 0.014) and high CTLA-4 (p < 0.001) transcriptomic expression (multivariate). CONCLUSIONS These observations indicate that TIM-3 RNA expression is heterogeneous, but more common in pancreatic cancer and in tumors exploiting PD-L1 and CTLA-4 checkpoints. Clinical trials with patient selection for matched immune-targeted combinations may be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Razelle Kurzrock
- MCW Cancer CenterMilwaukeeWisconsinUSA
- WIN ConsortiumParisFrance
- University of NebraskaOmahaNebraskaUSA
| | - Daisuke Nishizaki
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Hirotaka Miyashita
- Dartmouth Cancer Center, Hematology and Medical OncologyLebanonNew HampshireUSA
| | - Jacob J. Adashek
- Department of Oncology, The Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer CenterThe Johns Hopkins HospitalBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Suzanna Lee
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | | | | | | | | | - Scott M. Lippman
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shumei Kato
- Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy and Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UC San Diego Moores Cancer CenterLa JollaCaliforniaUSA
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Sauer N, Janicka N, Szlasa W, Skinderowicz B, Kołodzińska K, Dwernicka W, Oślizło M, Kulbacka J, Novickij V, Karłowicz-Bodalska K. TIM-3 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy in a wide range of tumors. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:3405-3425. [PMID: 37567938 PMCID: PMC10576709 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03516-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3) expression has been a trending topic in recent years due to its differential expression in a wide range of neoplasms. TIM-3 is one of the key immune checkpoint receptors that interact with GAL-9, PtdSer, HMGB1 and CEACAM1. Initially identified on the surface of T helper 1 (Th1) lymphocytes and later on cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTLs), monocytes, macrophages, natural killer cells (NKs), and dendritic cells (DCs), TIM-3 plays a key role in immunoregulation. Recently, a growing body of evidence has shown that its differential expression in various tumor types indicates a specific prognosis for cancer patients. Here, we discuss which types of cancer TIM-3 can serve as a prognostic factor and the influence of coexpressed immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as LAG-3, PD-1, and CTLA-4 on patients' outcomes. Currently, experimental medicine involving TIM-3 has significantly enhanced the anti-tumor effect and improved patient survival. In this work, we summarized clinical trials incorporating TIM-3 targeting monoclonal and bispecific antibodies in monotherapy and combination therapy and highlighted the emerging role of cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Sauer
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Janicka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Wioletta Dwernicka
- Faculty of Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Julita Kulbacka
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Vitalij Novickij
- State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Department of Immunology, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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5
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Tittarelli A, Barría O, Sanders E, Bergqvist A, Brange DU, Vidal M, Gleisner MA, Vergara JR, Niechi I, Flores I, Pereda C, Carrasco C, Quezada-Monrás C, Salazar-Onfray F. Co-Expression of Immunohistochemical Markers MRP2, CXCR4, and PD-L1 in Gallbladder Tumors Is Associated with Prolonged Patient Survival. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3440. [PMID: 37444550 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is a rare pathology in Western countries. However, it constitutes a relevant health problem in Asia and Latin America, with a high mortality in middle-aged Chilean women. The limited therapeutic options for GBC require the identification of targetable proteins with prognostic value for improving clinical management support. We evaluated the expression of targetable proteins, including three epithelial tumor markers, four proteins associated with multidrug and apoptosis resistance, and eleven immunological markers in 241 primary gallbladder adenocarcinomas. We investigated correlations between tumor marker expression, the primary tumor staging, and GBC patients' survival using automated immunohistochemistry, a semi-automatic method for image analysis, univariate and multivariate statistical analyses, and machine learning algorithms. Our data show a significant association between the expression of MRP2 (p = 0.0028), CXCR4 (p = 0.0423), and PD-L1 (p = 0.0264), and a better prognosis for patients with late-stage primary tumors. The expression of the MRP2/CXCR4/PD-L1 cluster of markers discriminates among short-, medium-, and long-term patient survival, with an ROC of significant prognostic value (AUC = 0.85, p = 0.0012). Moreover, a high MRP2/CXCR4/PD-L1 co-expression is associated with increased survival time (30 vs. 6 months, p = 0.0025) in GBC patients, regardless of tumor stage. Hence, our results suggest that the MRP2/CXCR4/PD-L1 cluster could potentially be a prognostic marker for GBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Tittarelli
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | - Omar Barría
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Evy Sanders
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Anna Bergqvist
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Daniel Uribe Brange
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Mabel Vidal
- Molecular and Traslational Immunology Laboratory, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunology, Pharmacy Faculty, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
- Computer Science Department, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile
| | - María Alejandra Gleisner
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Jorge Ramón Vergara
- Departamento de Informática y Computación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 7800002, Chile
| | - Ignacio Niechi
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Iván Flores
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Cristián Pereda
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
| | - Cristian Carrasco
- Subdepartamento de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Base de Valdivia, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Claudia Quezada-Monrás
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Laboratorio de Biología Tumoral, Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile
| | - Flavio Salazar-Onfray
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and Immunotherapy, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Disciplinary Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Kumar S, Singh SK, Srivastava P, Suresh S, Rana B, Rana A. Interplay between MAP kinases and tumor microenvironment: Opportunity for immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2023. [PMID: 37268394 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2023.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC), commonly called pancreatic cancer, is aggressive cancer usually detected at a late stage, limiting treatment options with modest clinical responses. It is projected that by 2030, PDAC will be the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Drug resistance in PDAC is common and significantly affects patients' overall survival (OS). Oncogenic KRAS mutations are nearly uniform in PDAC, affecting over 90% of patients. However, effective drugs directed to target prevalent KRAS mutants in pancreatic cancer are not in clinical practice. Accordingly, efforts are continued on identifying alternative druggable target(s) or approaches to improve patient outcomes with PDAC. In most PDAC cases, the KRAS mutations turn-on the RAF-MEK-MAPK pathways, leading to pancreatic tumorigenesis. The MAPK signaling cascade (MAP4K→MAP3K→MAP2K→MAPK) plays a central role in the pancreatic cancer tumor microenvironment (TME) and chemotherapy resistance. The immunosuppressive pancreatic cancer TME is another unfavorable factor affecting the therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The immune checkpoint proteins (ICPs), including CTLA-4, PD-1, PD-L1, and PD-L2, are critical players in T cell dysfunction and pancreatic tumor cell growth. Here, we review the activation of MAPKs, a molecular trait of KRAS mutations and their impact on pancreatic cancer TME, chemoresistance, and expression of ICPs that could influence the clinical outcomes in PDAC patients. Therefore, understanding the interplay between MAPK pathways and TME could help to design rational therapy combining immunotherapy and MAPK inhibitors for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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7
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Hughes R, Snook AE, Mueller AC. The poorly immunogenic tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer: the impact of radiation therapy, and strategies targeting resistance. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:1393-1405. [PMID: 36468417 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal cancers, due to its uniquely aggressive behavior and resistance to therapy. The tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer is immunosuppressive, and attempts at utilizing immunotherapies have been unsuccessful. Radiation therapy (RT) results in immune activation and antigen presentation in other cancers, but in pancreatic cancer has had limited success in stimulating immune responses. RT activates common pathways of fibrosis and chronic inflammation seen in pancreatic cancer, resulting in immune suppression. Here we describe the pancreatic tumor microenvironment with regard to fibrosis, myeloid and lymphoid cells, and the impact of RT. We also describe strategies of targeting these pathways that have promise to improve outcomes by harnessing the cytotoxic and immune-activating aspects of RT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Hughes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
| | - Adam E Snook
- Department of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Adam C Mueller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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8
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Noubissi Nzeteu GA, Gibbs BF, Kotnik N, Troja A, Bockhorn M, Meyer NH. Nanoparticle-based immunotherapy of pancreatic cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:948898. [PMID: 36106025 PMCID: PMC9465485 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.948898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC) has a complex and unique tumor microenvironment (TME). Due to the physical barrier formed by the desmoplastic stroma, the delivery of drugs to the tumor tissue is limited. The TME also contributes to resistance to various immunotherapies such as cancer vaccines, chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Overcoming and/or modulating the TME is therefore one of the greatest challenges in developing new therapeutic strategies for PC. Nanoparticles have been successfully used as drug carriers and delivery systems in cancer therapy. Recent experimental and engineering developments in nanotechnology have resulted in increased drug delivery and improved immunotherapy for PC. In this review we discuss and analyze the current nanoparticle-based immunotherapy approaches that are at the verge of clinical application. Particularly, we focus on nanoparticle-based delivery systems that improve the effectiveness of PC immunotherapy. We also highlight current clinical research that will help to develop new therapeutic strategies for PC and especially targeted immunotherapies based on immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: N. Helge Meyer, ; Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu,
| | - Bernhard F. Gibbs
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Nika Kotnik
- Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Achim Troja
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Bockhorn
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - N. Helge Meyer
- University Hospital of General and Visceral Surgery, Department of Human Medicine, University of Oldenburg and Klinikum Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- *Correspondence: N. Helge Meyer, ; Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu,
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9
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Gao Z, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Song Y. Advance of T regulatory cells in tumor microenvironment remodeling and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer. EUR J INFLAMM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1721727x221092900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is highly aggressive, deadly, and is rarely diagnosed early. Regulatory T cells (Treg) are a multifunctional class of immunosuppressive T cells that help maintain immunologic homeostasis and participate in autoimmune diseases, transplants, and tumors. This cell type mediates immune homeostasis, tolerance, and surveillance and is associated with poor outcomes in PDAC. Tregs remodel the tumor immune microenvironment, mediate tumor immune escape, and promote tumor invasion and metastasis. A promising area of research involves regulating Tregs to reduce their infiltration into tumor tissues. However, the complexity of the immune microenvironment has limited the efficacy of immunotherapy in PDAC. Treg modulation combined with other treatments is emerging. This review summarizes the mechanisms of Tregs activity in tumor immune microenvironments in PDAC and the latest developments in immunotherapy and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetian Gao
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qiubo Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Xie Zhang
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yufei Song
- The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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10
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Wang C, Hao C, Dai K, Li Y, Jiao J, Niu Z, Xu X, Deng X, He J, Yao W. Occupational Low-Dose Radiation Affects the Expression of Immune Checkpoint of Medical Radiologists. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:7105. [PMID: 35742351 PMCID: PMC9223099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of immune checkpoint cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) in the peripheral blood T lymphocytes of medical radiologists. The study incorporated 100 male medical radiologists and 107 male healthy controls. The expressions of CTLA-4 and TIM-3 among CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry. The expression levels of CTLA-4 and TIM-3 in the CD4+T cells of radiation workers were lower than those of healthy controls (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the CD8+CTLA-4 expression level was significantly positively correlated with individual cumulative dose (rs = 0.260, p = 0.001, <0.05), while the expression level of CD8+TIM-3 was negatively correlated (rs = −0.180, p = 0.027, <0.05). Low-dose radiation exposure affects the expression of CTLA-4 and TIM-3 in human peripheral blood T lymphocytes. Future studies need to focus on exploring the mechanisms by which CTLA-4 and TIM-3 expression changes in response to low-dose radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Changfu Hao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Kai Dai
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Yuzheng Li
- Henan Institute of Occupational Medicine, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Jie Jiao
- Henan Institute of Occupational Medicine, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (Y.L.); (J.J.)
| | - Zhuoya Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Xiao Xu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Xuedan Deng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Jing He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; (C.W.); (C.H.); (K.D.); (Z.N.); (X.X.); (X.D.); (J.H.)
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11
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Pancreatic Cancer and Immunotherapy: A Clinical Overview. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13164138. [PMID: 34439292 PMCID: PMC8393975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive disease with high mortality. The vast majority of patients present with unresectable, advanced stage disease, for whom standard of care chemo(radio)therapy may improve survival by several months. Immunotherapy has led to a fundamental shift in the treatment of several advanced cancers. However, its efficacy in PDAC in terms of clinical benefit is limited, possibly owing to the immunosuppressive, inaccessible tumor microenvironment. Still, various immunotherapies have demonstrated the capacity to initiate local and systemic immune responses, suggesting an immune potentiating effect. In this review, we address PDAC's immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and immune evasion methods and discuss a wide range of immunotherapies, including immunomodulators (i.e., immune checkpoint inhibitors, immune stimulatory agonists, cytokines and adjuvants), oncolytic viruses, adoptive cell therapies (i.e., T cells and natural killer cells) and cancer vaccines. We provide a general introduction to their working mechanism as well as evidence of their clinical efficacy and immune potentiating abilities in PDAC. The key to successful implementation of immunotherapy in this disease may rely on exploitation of synergistic effects between treatment combinations. Accordingly, future treatment approaches should aim to incorporate diverse and novel immunotherapeutic strategies coupled with cytotoxic drugs and/or local ablative treatment, targeting a wide array of tumor-induced immune escape mechanisms.
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12
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Yang F, Zeng Z, Li J, Ren X, Wei F. TIM-3 and CEACAM1 are Prognostic Factors in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:619765. [PMID: 34368221 PMCID: PMC8343070 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.619765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: T-cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin domain-containing molecule-3 (TIM-3) is a new immune checkpoint molecule which plays important and complex roles in regulating immune responses and in inducing immune tolerance. TIM-3 is expressed on activated T cells and its signaling on cytotoxic T cells leads to T cell exhaustion which is mediated by carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1), another well-known molecule expressed on tumor tissues and/or tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Methods: In the present study, we investigated TIM-3 and CEACAM1 immunohistochemical expression in 80 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) specimens, linked to detailed outcome, clinic-pathological parameters. Here we reported scores and absolute counts of TIM-3+/CEACAM1+ TILs, and evaluated the expression of CEACAM1 on tumor tissues. Results: The results showed that more TIM-3+ TILs infiltration correlated with poorer overall survival (p < 0.001), as did the presence of CEACAM1 on cancer cells (p < 0.001) and CEACAM1+ TILs in tumor microenvironment (p = 0.015). Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that high TIM-3+ TILs may be considered as an independent prognostic factor of poor disease outcome (hazard ratio, 2.066; 95% confidence interval, 1.027-4.159; p = 0.042), as well as cancer cells expressed CEACAM1 level (hazard ratio, 5.885; 95% confidence interval, 2.832-12.230; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results indicate that expression of TIM-3 and CEACAM1 may represent a highly dysfunctional population of T cells. Our current findings suggest both of them were valuable predicting markers that might provide help for clinicians to design effective immunotherapeutic regimen against head and neck carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Ziqing Zeng
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiubao Ren
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin, China
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13
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Sams L, Kruger S, Heinemann V, Bararia D, Haebe S, Alig S, Haas M, Zhang D, Westphalen CB, Ormanns S, Metzger P, Werner J, Weigert O, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Rataj F, Kobold S, Boeck S. Alterations in regulatory T cells and immune checkpoint molecules in pancreatic cancer patients receiving FOLFIRINOX or gemcitabine plus nab-paclitaxel. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:2394-2401. [PMID: 33876417 PMCID: PMC8455387 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-021-02620-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This pilot study aimed on generating insight on alterations in circulating immune cells during the use of FOLFIRINOX and gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Patients and methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated before and 30 days after initiation of chemotherapy from 20 patients with advanced PDAC. Regulatory T cells (FoxP3+) and immune checkpoints (PD-1 and TIM-3) were analyzed by flow cytometry and immunological changes were correlated with clinical outcome. Results Heterogeneous changes during chemotherapy were observed in circulating T-cell subpopulations with a pronounced effect on PD-1+ CD4+/CD8+ T cells. An increase in FoxP3+ or PD-1+ T cells had no significant effect on survival. An increase in TIM3+/CD8+ (but not TIM3+/CD4+) T cells was associated with a significant inferior outcome: median progression-free survival in the subgroup with an increase of TIM-3+/CD8+ T cells was 6.0 compared to 14.0 months in patients with a decrease/no change (p = 0.026); corresponding median overall survival was 13.0 and 20.0 months (p = 0.011), respectively. Conclusions Chemotherapy with FOLFIRNOX or gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel induces variable changes in circulating T-cell populations that may provide prognostic information in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sams
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - S Kruger
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - V Heinemann
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - D Bararia
- Laboratory for Experimental Leukemia and Lymphoma Research (ELLF), Department of Internal Medicine III, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Haebe
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Laboratory for Experimental Leukemia and Lymphoma Research (ELLF), Department of Internal Medicine III, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Alig
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Laboratory for Experimental Leukemia and Lymphoma Research (ELLF), Department of Internal Medicine III, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M Haas
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - D Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - C B Westphalen
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - S Ormanns
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - P Metzger
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - J Werner
- Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - O Weigert
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Laboratory for Experimental Leukemia and Lymphoma Research (ELLF), Department of Internal Medicine III, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - M von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - F Rataj
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Kobold
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.,Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - S Boeck
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Grosshadern University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. .,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
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14
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Zang K, Hui L, Wang M, Huang Y, Zhu X, Yao B. TIM-3 as a Prognostic Marker and a Potential Immunotherapy Target in Human Malignant Tumors: A Meta-Analysis and Bioinformatics Validation. Front Oncol 2021; 11:579351. [PMID: 33692946 PMCID: PMC7938756 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.579351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As a novel immune checkpoint molecular, T-cell immunoglobulin mucin 3 (TIM-3) is emerging as a therapeutic target for cancer immunotherapy. However, the predictive role of TIM-3 in cancer remains largely undetermined. This study was designed to investigate the role of TIM-3 in cancer. Methods Publications were searched using multiple databases. The hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. To further confirm the prognostic effect of TIM-3, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were applied. Functional analysis of TIM-3 was also investigated. Results 28 studies with 7284 patients with malignant tumors were identified. Based on multivariate Cox regression analysis, TIM-3 was an independent prognostic indicator for poor overall survival (OS) (HR= 1.54, 95% CI = 1.19-1.98, P = 0.001). However, TIM-3 was not correlated with cancer-specific survival and disease-free survival (DFS). Particularly, TIM-3 showed a worse prognosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma and gastric cancer; but it showed a favorable prognosis in breast cancer. Functional analysis showed that TIM-3 was closely correlated with immune responses such as T-cell activation and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Moreover, TIM-3 expression was found to be related to worse OS in 9491 TCGA patients (HR = 1.2, P < 0.001), but was not associated with DFS. Conclusions TIM-3 was an independent prognostic factor. Meanwhile, TIM-3 played a crucial role in tumor immune responses. This supports TIM-3 as a promising target for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kui Zang
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Liangliang Hui
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Xingxing Zhu
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
| | - Bin Yao
- Department of ICU, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian, China
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15
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Saka D, Gökalp M, Piyade B, Cevik NC, Arik Sever E, Unutmaz D, Ceyhan GO, Demir IE, Asimgil H. Mechanisms of T-Cell Exhaustion in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082274. [PMID: 32823814 PMCID: PMC7464444 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
T-cell exhaustion is a phenomenon that represents the dysfunctional state of T cells in chronic infections and cancer and is closely associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. The endogenous T-cell immunity and genetically edited cell therapies (CAR-T) failed to prevent tumor immune evasion. The effector T-cell activity is perturbed by an imbalance between inhibitory and stimulatory signals causing a reprogramming in metabolism and the high levels of multiple inhibitory receptors like programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1), cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM-3), and Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (Lag-3). Despite the efforts to neutralize inhibitory receptors by a single agent or combinatorial immune checkpoint inhibitors to boost effector function, PDAC remains unresponsive to these therapies, suggesting that multiple molecular mechanisms play a role in stimulating the exhaustion state of tumor-infiltrating T cells. Recent studies utilizing transcriptomics, mass cytometry, and epigenomics revealed a critical role of Thymocyte selection-associated high mobility group box protein (TOX) genes and TOX-associated pathways, driving T-cell exhaustion in chronic infection and cancer. Here, we will review recently defined molecular, genetic, and cellular factors that drive T-cell exhaustion in PDAC. We will also discuss the effects of available immune checkpoint inhibitors and the latest clinical trials targeting various molecular factors mediating T-cell exhaustion in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didem Saka
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Muazzez Gökalp
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Betül Piyade
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Nedim Can Cevik
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Elif Arik Sever
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- Jackson Laboratory of Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA;
| | - Güralp O. Ceyhan
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
- Correspondence: (G.O.C.); (I.E.D.); Tel.: +90-5320514424 (G.O.C.); +49-8941405868 (I.E.D.)
| | - Ihsan Ekin Demir
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Correspondence: (G.O.C.); (I.E.D.); Tel.: +90-5320514424 (G.O.C.); +49-8941405868 (I.E.D.)
| | - Hande Asimgil
- Department of General Surgery, HPB-Unit, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34684, Turkey; (D.S.); (M.G.); (B.P.); (N.C.C.); (E.A.S.); (H.A.)
- Department of Surgery, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
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16
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Qin S, Dong B, Yi M, Chu Q, Wu K. Prognostic Values of TIM-3 Expression in Patients With Solid Tumors: A Meta-Analysis and Database Evaluation. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1288. [PMID: 32850398 PMCID: PMC7417611 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing molecule-3 (TIM-3), a novel emerging immune checkpoint molecule, was reported to express both on various kinds of immune cells and tumor cells. Many previous studies have investigated the prognostic significance of TIM-3 in cancer. However, the sample number from single study was limited and results remained controversial. Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases for publications concerning TIM-3 expression in solid cancers up to March 2020. The correlations between TIM-3 and survival as well as clinical-pathological features were analyzed. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs), odds ratios (ORs), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated by either fixed or random effects models. Results: A total of 3,072 patients were included in our meta-analysis. The result suggested that TIM-3 protein overexpression was relevant to poor overall survival (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.39–2.15, P < 0.001). Moreover, TIM-3 was shown to be connected with lymph node metastasis (N+ vs. N-, OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.10–2.29, P = 0.013), tumor grade (G2-3 vs. G1, OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.21–2.34, P = 0.002), as well as PD-1 expression (PD-1high vs. PD-1low, OR = 3.26, 95% CI = 2.20–4.82, P < 0.001). In database test, significant correlations between high TIM-3 mRNA expression and poor overall survival for patients with non-small cell lung cancer and gastric cancer were observed (HR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.23–1.72, P < 0.001; HR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.12–1.77, P = 0.0038). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis highlights that TIM-3 has the potential to serve as a prognostic marker and a valuable therapeutic target in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Radiation Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Dong
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ming Yi
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Qian Chu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Kongming Wu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
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Melaiu O, Lucarini V, Giovannoni R, Fruci D, Gemignani F. News on immune checkpoint inhibitors as immunotherapy strategies in adult and pediatric solid tumors. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 79:18-43. [PMID: 32659257 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown unprecedented benefits in various adult cancers, and this success has prompted the exploration of ICI therapy even in childhood malignances. Although the use of ICIs as individual agents has achieved disappointing response rates, combinational therapies are likely to promise better results. However, only a subset of patients experienced prolonged clinical effects, thus suggesting the need to identify robust bio-markers that predict individual clinical response or resistance to ICI therapy as the main challenge. In this review, we focus on how the use of ICIs in adult cancers can be translated into pediatric malignances. We discuss the physiological mechanism of action of each IC, including PD-1, PD-L1 and CTLA-4 and the new emerging ones, LAG-3, TIM-3, TIGIT, B7-H3, BTLA and IDO-1, and evaluate their prognostic value in both adult and childhood tumors. Furthermore, we offer an overview of preclinical models and clinical trials currently under investigation to improve the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies in these patients. Finally, we outline the main predictive factors that influence the efficacy of ICIs, in order to lay the basis for the development of a pan-cancer immunogenomic model, able to direct young patients towards more specific immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ombretta Melaiu
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucarini
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Doriana Fruci
- Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Department, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, Rome, Italy.
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18
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Xu W, Qi F, Jiao R, Zheng L, Zhang Y, Hou D, Liu Y, Kang Z. Prognostic and clinicopathological value of high expression of
TIM
‐3 in different cancer types: A meta‐analysis. PRECISION MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prm2.12007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Xu
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of UrologyJiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research & Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Ruidi Jiao
- Department of Radiation OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan Province China
| | - Lizhuan Zheng
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Yinghao Zhang
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Donghai Hou
- Department of SurgeryPeople's Hospital of Xinzheng Xinzheng China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
| | - Zhengjun Kang
- Department of UrologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou Henan China
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19
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Abdkarimi S, Razi Soofiyani S, Elham G, Mashhadi Abdolahi H, Safarzadeh E, Baradaran B. Targeting immune checkpoints: Building better therapeutic puzzle in pancreatic cancer combination therapy. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2020; 29:e13268. [PMID: 32459388 DOI: 10.1111/ecc.13268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is related to a very weak diagnosis; the close parallel between disease incidence and mortality rates from pancreatic cancer reflects the fatal nature of this disease. Although early detection procedures are growing, they are not applicable yet for pancreatic cancer. The majority of cancer patients suffer from advanced disease, in which surgery has no potential effect. Based on the growing evidence, it is predicated that cancer immunotherapy alone or in combination will probably be an essential section of different cancer treatment methods. There are different kinds of immune processes, including various antitumour and tumour-promoting leukocytes. Moreover, tumour cells utilise numerous approaches to overwhelm the immune response. Use of antibody in the therapeutic protocols is proving significant success and is probably a key element of cancer treatment. This method is directed against numerous negative immunologic regulators and immune checkpoints. In the present review, the clinical outlines of immune checkpoint inhibition are discussed in pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Abdkarimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saiedeh Razi Soofiyani
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Goli Elham
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Mashhadi Abdolahi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Centre, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Elham Safarzadeh
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Grywalska E, Pasiarski M, Góźdź S, Roliński J. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors for combating T-cell dysfunction in cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2018; 11:6505-6524. [PMID: 30323625 PMCID: PMC6177399 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s150817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Under normal conditions, the immune system responds effectively to both external and internal threats without damaging healthy tissues. Cells undergoing a neoplastic transformation are one such threat. An efficient activation of T cells is enabled by T-cell receptor (TCR) interactions with antigen-presenting class I and class II molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), co-stimulatory molecules, and cytokines. After threatening stimuli are removed from the body, the host's immune response ceases, which prevents tissue damage or chronic inflammation. The recognition of foreign antigens is highly selective, which requires multistep regulation to avoid reactions against the antigens of healthy cells. This multistep regulation includes central and peripheral tolerance toward the body's own antigens. Here, we discuss T-cell dysfunction, which leads to poor effector function against foreign antigens, including cancer. We describe selected cellular receptors implicated in T-cell dysfunction and discuss how immune-checkpoint inhibitors can help overcome T-cell dysfunction in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Grywalska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,
| | - Marcin Pasiarski
- Department of Hematology, Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Kielce, Poland.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Stanisław Góźdź
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland.,Department of Oncology, Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Jacek Roliński
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland,
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