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Khan Q, Kakar A, Kamran K. New faunistic data on Diptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) from the Ziarat Juniperus forest ecosystem (Pakistan). Biodivers Data J 2024; 12:e114414. [PMID: 38566888 PMCID: PMC10985402 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.12.e114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background This study presents the first faunistic record and DNA barcoding for some Diptera species recorded from the Juniperus forest ecosystem of Balochistan, Pakistan. DNA barcoding was used to explore species diversity of Dipterans and collections carried out using a Malaise trap between December 2018 to December 2019. This process involved sequencing the 658 bp Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) gene. New information Amongst the collected Diptera specimens, nine families were identified, representing 13 genera. These species include Atherigonasoccata (Rondani, 1871), Atherigonavaria (Schiner, 1868), Chironomusdorsalis (Meigen, 1818), Eupeodescorollae (Linnaeus, 1758), Eristalistenax (Linnaeus,1758), Goniaornata (Meigen, 1826), Luciliasericata (Meigen, 1826), Paragusquadrifasciatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Polleniarudis (Fabricius, 1794), Raviniapernix (Thompson, 1869), Sarcophagadux (Thompson, 1869), Trupaneaamoena (Schiner, 1868) and Wohlfahrtiabella (Linnaeus, 1758). The families Syrphidae and Sarcophagidae exhibited the highest representation, each comprising three genera and three species. They were followed by the family Muscidae, which had a single genus and two species. Anthomyiidae, Chironomidae, Calliphoridae, Polleniidae, Tachinidae and Tephritidae were represented by only one genus and one species. A nique Barcode Index Number (BIN) was allotted to Tachinidae (specie i.e Goniaornata). The results indicated that barcoding through cytochrome oxidase I is an effective approach for the accurate identification and genetic studies of Diptera species. This discovery highlights the significant diversity of this insect order in study region. Furthermore, a comprehensive list of other Diptera species remains elusive because of difficulties in distinguishing them, based on morphology and a lack of professional entomological knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaiser Khan
- Department of Zoology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, PakistanDepartment of Zoology, University of BalochistanQuettaPakistan
| | - Asmathullah Kakar
- Department of Zoology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, PakistanDepartment of Zoology, University of BalochistanQuettaPakistan
| | - Kashif Kamran
- Department of Zoology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, PakistanDepartment of Zoology, University of BalochistanQuettaPakistan
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Mohsin M, Ahmad H, Nasir MN, Abideen ZU, Nadeem M, Sattar R, Saad AQ, Hussain M, Shah SA, Cheng H, Sturdivant D, Hameed SA. Quantifying the Soil Arthropod Diversity in Urban Forest in Dera Ghazi Khan. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:8125585. [PMID: 36193327 PMCID: PMC9526604 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8125585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Arthropods can be either large or too small to be seen from the microscope. Their legs are jointed and perform a specific function in the soil. Several arthropods have been identified to date. Therefore, it is essential to identify them in a different type of soil. An experiment to quantify the soil arthropods in the urban forests of D.G. Khan was conducted at the Zoology lab of Ghazi University on four tree plants, i.e., neem (Azadirachta indica), mango (Mangifera indica), guava (Psidium guajava), and phalsa (Grewia asiatica). Soil samples were taken from different areas and on different months. The diversity of arthropods was analyzed through the Shannon index. The results were all significant. The total number of arthropods found in the experiment was 5151, with the following distributions: millipedes were 132 in neem, 133 in guava, 113 in mango, and 121 in phalsa; centipedes were 136 in neem, 142 in guava, 118 in mango, and 132 in phalsa; springtails were 138 in neem, 130 in guava, 120 in mango, and 134 in phalsa. There were a total of 12 different species of arthropods found. Neem (Azadirachta indica) have mites, centipede, and ants; guava (Psidium guajava) have centipedes and ants. Mango (Mangifera indica) have millipedes, centipedes, mites, springtail, and ants, and phalsa (Grewia asiatica) have mites, ants, and centipedes. The study reveals that millipedes, centipedes, springtails, and ants were found abundantly in the urban forest area of D.G. Khan, resulting in increased organic matter decomposition and appropriate distribution of nutrients through the soil having beneficial effects on the terrestrial ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University Dera, Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Ahmad
- Rural Dispensary Chak No. 151JB, Tehsil Chiniot, District Chiniot, Pakistan
| | | | - Zain Ul Abideen
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University Dera, Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University Dera, Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Rukhsana Sattar
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University Dera, Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Qadeer Saad
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Hussain
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Syed Akbar Shah
- Department of Zoology, Ghazi University Dera, Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Hanlie Cheng
- School of Energy Resource, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 434000, China
| | | | - Syeda Amber Hameed
- Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
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Amjad Bashir M, Batool M, Khan H, Shahid Nisar M, Farooq H, Hashem M, Alamri S, A. El-Zohri M, Alajmi RA, Tahir M, Jawad R. Effect of temperature & humdity on population dynamics of insects’ pest complex of cotton crop. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263260. [PMID: 35522647 PMCID: PMC9075644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was directed to investigate the effect of temperature and humidity on insect pest complex of cotton. This study was carried out on the farmer field of a farmer of MouzaMehraywala tehsil and district Rajanpur southern part of the Punjab, Pakistan (29.1044° N, 70.3301° E) in the month of May, 2019 to November 2019. The climatic conditions of the study site were; a Rajanpur lie on 96m above sea level Rajanpur has a desert climate. During the year, there is virtually no rainfall. The average temperature in Rajanpur is 26.0°C | 78.8°F. Precipitation here is about 205 mm / 8.1 inch per year. Our results indicate that’s the correlation of temperature (minimum and maximum), humidity (minimum and maximum), rainfall and weather condition (clear or cloud), it is clear that except temperature there is a positive correlation of jassid population. While among the relation of jassid with different factor there is very weak relation with jassid population regarding temperature (-0.001), the relation of humidity, rainfall and sky condition with jassid population is positive and moderate (0.520, 0.668 & 0.575 respectively), while the relation of jassid population among these factor is significant except temperature. The results indicate that’s the correlation of temperature, humidity, rainfall and weather condition, it is clear that there is positive correlation of thrips population. While among the relation of thrips with different factor there is very weak relation of thrips population with temperature (.103), the relation of humidity, rainfall and sky condition with thrips population is positive and moderate (.515.751& .577 respectively), while the relation thrips population among these factor is significant except temperature. The results indicate that’s correlation of temperature, humidity, rainfall and weather condition, it is clear that there is positive correlation of Whitefly population. While among the relation of Whitefly with different factors there is very moderate relation of Whitefly population with temperature (.076), the relation of humidity, rainfall and sky condition with Whitefly population is negative and moderate (-.051.-.368 & -.559 respectively), while the relation Whitefly population among these factor is significant except temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Bashir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Munaza Batool
- Department of Soil & Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Huma Khan
- Medical Officer Health Department Government of Punjab, BHU, Thatta Gabolan, Kot Chutta, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nisar
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Hasnain Farooq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA, United States of America
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Saad Alamri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Manal A. El-Zohri
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Reem A. Alajmi
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tahir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rashid Jawad
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan
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Joshi A, Baniya S, Shrestha N, Sapkota RP, Baral HS. Contiguous forest supports higher bird diversity compared to isolated forest: Evidence from forest landscape of Eastern Nepal. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Dyola U, Baniya CB, Acharya PR, Subedi P, Pandey A, Sapkota K. Community structure of pollinating insects and its driving factors in different habitats of Shivapuri‐Nagarjun National Park, Nepal. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8653. [PMID: 35261744 PMCID: PMC8888256 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Insect pollinators are important means for a stable ecosystem. The habitat types play a crucial role in the community composition, abundance, diversity, and species richness of the pollinators. The present study in Shivapuri‐Nagarjun National Park explored the species richness and abundances of insect pollinators in four different habitats and different environmental variables in determining the community composition of the pollinators. Data were collected from 1,500 m to 2,700 m using color pan traps and hand sweeping methods. Non‐Metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) and Redundancy Analysis (RDA) were conducted to show the association between insect pollinators and environmental variables. The results firmly demonstrated that species richness and abundances were higher (158) in Open trail compared to other habitats. The distribution of the pollinator species was more uniform in the Open trail followed by the Grassland. Similarly, a strong positive correlation between flower resources and pollinators' abundance (R2 = .63, P < .001) was found. In conclusion, the Open trail harbors rich insect pollinators in lower elevation. The community structure of the pollinators was strongly influenced by the presence of flowers in the trails.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urmila Dyola
- Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Nepal
- Department of Zoology Patan Multiple Campus Lalitpur Nepal
| | | | - Pushpa Raj Acharya
- Central Campus of Science and Technology Faculty of Science and Technology Mid‐West University Surkhet Nepal
| | - Pradip Subedi
- School of Natural Sciences Macquarie University North Ryde NSW Australia
| | - Anjeela Pandey
- Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Nepal
| | - Kumar Sapkota
- Central Department of Zoology Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kirtipur Nepal
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Ahmad Dar A, Jamal K, Alhazmi A, El-Sharnouby M, Salah M, Sayed S. Moth diversity, species composition, and distributional pattern in Aravalli Hill Range of Rajasthan, India. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4884-4890. [PMID: 34466062 PMCID: PMC8381046 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Moths are phytophagous, cosmopolitan, agricultural pests, night pollinators, chiefly nocturnal and potential bio-indicators. The current study will be the first report on species diversity, species composition, abundance, and distributional pattern of moth fauna in Aravalli Hill Range Rajasthan. During the survey period of 2018-2019, 758 specimens of moths were collected pertaining to 34 species, 26 genera belonging to 05 families, and 13 subfamilies from three different sites of Aravalli Hill Range. Based on the number of genera, family Sphingidae was most dominant with 9 genera, and family Crambidae was least dominant with 2 genera. Based on the number of species, the family Sphingidae was the most dominant, representing 13 species, followed by Erebidae representing 11 species, Saturniidae and Noctuidae with 4 species each, the least dominant was Crambidae with 2 species. The diversity indices for moths have been calculated for the first time from the Aravalli Range of Rajasthan. Across the survey, Simpson's Diversity Index (D'), Shannon Diversity Index (H'), Dominance & Evenness was calculated as 0.95, 3.3, 0.04, and 0.8, respectively, which reflects that moth fauna is diverse in the surveyed areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaq Ahmad Dar
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P), India
| | - Khowaja Jamal
- Department of Zoology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (U.P), India
| | - Alaa Alhazmi
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- SMIRES for Consultation in Specialized Medical Laboratories, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed El-Sharnouby
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Salah
- Department of Biology, Turabah University College, Taif University, B.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Sayed
- Department of Science and Technology, University College-Ranyah, Taif University, B.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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Sajjad A, Ali M, Saeed S, Bashir MA, Ali I, Khan KA, Ghramh HA, Ansari MJ. Yearlong association of insect pollinator, Pseudapis oxybeloides with flowering plants: Planted forest vs. agricultural landscape. Saudi J Biol Sci 2019; 26:1799-1803. [PMID: 31762661 PMCID: PMC6864182 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2018.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The yearlong association of a native bee, Pseudapis oxybeloides (Halictidae: Hymenoptera) was studied with 72 plant species in a sub-tropical planted forest and some adjacent agricultural landscapes at Multan, Pakistan. The study resulted in 66 interactions of P. oxybeloides with only 24 plant species in 15 families while other 48 plant species were not visited by this bee. The maximum abundance of P. oxybeloides (7-9 individuals) was recorded on Achyranthes aspera and Launaea procumbens followed by Ageratum conyzoides, Trianthema portulacastrum and Cleome viscosa (5-6 individuals). Majority (19) of plant species were visited by only 1-4 individuals. The bee activity was started in the month of March which attained its peak in May followed by a gradual decline until September. No bees were observed during the months of January and February. There was a significant positive relationship between bee abundance and number of flowering plant species. Bee abundance had a strong positive relationship with temperature while it had a strong negative relationship with relative humidity (%). Floral abundance increased with the number of flowering plant species while it was not influenced by floral span of plant species. Besides giving the floral host plants of P. oxybeloides, the current study also gives a better understanding of its seasonality along with its relationships with different biotic and abiotic factors under local conditions. These findings can help in maintaining and managing P. oxybeloides population particularly and other native bees in general at local scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Sajjad
- Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Mudssar Ali
- Department of Entomology, Muhammad Nawaz Shreef University of Agriculture, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Shafqat Saeed
- Department of Entomology, Muhammad Nawaz Shreef University of Agriculture, Multan 60800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Amjad Bashir
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan 32200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Intazar Ali
- Department of Entomology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A. Ghramh
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, P.O. Box 9004, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Bee Research Chair, Plant Protection Department, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, P.O. Box 2460, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, Hindu College Moradabad, 244001, India
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