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Ribeiro LR, Magalhães EP, Barroso Gomes ND, Cavalcante JW, Gomes Maia MM, Marinho MM, Dos Santos HS, Marinho ES, Sampaio TL, Costa Martins AM, Paula Pessoa Bezerra de Menezes RR. Elongation on aliphatic chain improves selectivity of 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl chalcone on Trypanosoma cruzi. Future Med Chem 2024; 16:11-26. [PMID: 38084595 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Our objective was to investigate the trypanocidal effect of the chalcone (2E,4E)-1-(2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)-5-phenylpenta-2,4-dien-1-one (CPNC). Material & methods: Cytotoxicity toward LLC-MK2 host cells was assessed by MTT assay, and the effect on Trypanosoma cruzi life forms (epimastigotes, trypomastigotes and amastigotes) was evaluated by counting. Flow cytometry analysis was performed to evaluate the possible mechanisms of action. Finally, molecular docking simulations were performed to evaluate interactions between CPNC and T. cruzi enzymes. Results: CPNC showed activity against epimastigote, trypomastigote and amastigote life forms, induced membrane damage, increased cytoplasmic reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction on T. cruzi. Regarding molecular docking, CPNC interacted with both trypanothione reductase and TcCr enzymes. Conclusion: CPNC presented a trypanocidal effect, and its effect is related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial impairment and necrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyanna Rodrigues Ribeiro
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Paula Magalhães
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Márcia Machado Marinho
- State University of Vale do Acaraú, Center for Exact Sciences & Technology, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
- State University of Vale do Acaraú, Center for Exact Sciences & Technology, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Theoretical & Eletrochemical Chemistry Research Group, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Tiago Lima Sampaio
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Ramon Róseo Paula Pessoa Bezerra de Menezes
- Post-Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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2
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Lopes Santos R, Miguêz LDS, Oliveira Castro J, Silva-Jardim I, Bastos TM, Felix de Sousa KA, Soares MBP, José de Souza A, Nascimento Santana A, Santos de Jesus A, Pereira MDG, Neta LCDS. Antileshimania, anti- Trypanosoma cruzi and antimicrobial activities of scandenin and 4'-O-methylderrone from Deguelia costata. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:2951-2956. [PMID: 36308292 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2140336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Scandenin and 4'-O-methylderrone were isolated from the ethanol extract of the roots and dichloromethane extract of the leaves of Deguelia costata (Benth.) A.M.G. Azevedo & R.A. Camargo, respectively. These compounds and their extracts had their antiprotozoal, antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities tested. All samples were active for amastigotes of the T. cruzi, with EC50 values varying from 34.5 to 9.8 µg mL-1. The 4'-O-methylderrone and scandenin showed better leishmanicidal action against the promastigote of L. amazonensis, with EC50 of 43.3 and 45.9 µg mL-1, respectively, when compared to their extracts. All extracts and scandenin showed activities against Staphylococcus sp, Bacillus sp, and Candida sp. The compounds did not show cytotoxicity on rat macrophages. As confirmed by spectroscopic analyses, the extracts are rich in phenolics, mainly isoflavonoids. The study of D. costata is a promising strategy for discovering isoflavones and 4-hydroxy-3-phenylcoumarins with antiprotozoal, antibacterial, and antifungal activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Lopes Santos
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lilian da Silva Miguêz
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Julyanna Oliveira Castro
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Izaltina Silva-Jardim
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Ilhéus, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Tanira Matutino Bastos
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Karoline Almeida Felix de Sousa
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aiane Nascimento Santana
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Andreza Santos de Jesus
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Madson de Godoi Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Cardoso de Souza Neta
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra I, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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3
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Robledo SM, Pérez-Silanes S, Fernández-Rubio C, Poveda A, Monzote L, González VM, Alonso-Collado P, Carrión J. Neglected Zoonotic Diseases: Advances in the Development of Cell-Penetrating and Antimicrobial Peptides against Leishmaniosis and Chagas Disease. Pathogens 2023; 12:939. [PMID: 37513786 PMCID: PMC10383258 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12070939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2020, the WHO established the road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030, which aims to control and eradicate 20 diseases, including leishmaniosis and Chagas disease. In addition, since 2015, the WHO has been developing a Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. In this context, the achievement of innovative strategies as an alternative to replace conventional therapies is a first-order socio-sanitary priority, especially regarding endemic zoonoses in poor regions, such as those caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. infections. In this scenario, it is worth highlighting a group of natural peptide molecules (AMPs and CPPs) that are promising strategies for improving therapeutic efficacy against these neglected zoonoses, as they avoid the development of toxicity and resistance of conventional treatments. This review presents the novelties of these peptide molecules and their ability to cross a whole system of cell membranes as well as stimulate host immune defenses or even serve as vectors of molecules. The efforts of the biotechnological sector will make it possible to overcome the limitations of antimicrobial peptides through encapsulation and functionalization methods to obtain approval for these treatments to be used in clinical programs for the eradication of leishmaniosis and Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Robledo
- Programa de Estudio y Control de Enfermedades Tropicales PECET, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Silvia Pérez-Silanes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Celia Fernández-Rubio
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, ISTUN Instituto de Salud Tropical, IdiSNA, Universidad de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Ana Poveda
- DNA Replication and Genome Instability Unit, Grupo de Investigación en Biodiversidad, Zoonosis y Salud Pública (GIBCIZ), Instituto de Investigación en Zoonosis-CIZ, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito 170521, Ecuador
| | - Lianet Monzote
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine "Pedro Kourí", Apartado Postal No. 601, Marianao 13, La Habana 10400, Cuba
| | - Víctor M González
- Grupo de Aptámeros, Departamento de Bioquímica-Investigación, IRYCIS-Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Carretera de Colmenar Viejo Km. 9.100, 28034 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paloma Alonso-Collado
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Carrión
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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4
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Senevirathne A, Jayathilaka EHTT, Haluwana DK, Chathuranga K, Senevirathne M, Jeong JS, Kim TW, Lee JS, De Zoysa M. The Aqueous Leaf Extract of the Medicinal Herb Costus speciosus Suppresses Influenza A H1N1 Viral Activity under In Vitro and In Vivo Conditions. Viruses 2023; 15:1375. [PMID: 37376674 DOI: 10.3390/v15061375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antiviral activity of aqueous leaf extract of Costus speciosus (TB100) against influenza A. Pretreatment of TB100 in RAW264.7 cells enhanced antiviral activity in an assay using the green fluorescence-expressing influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1) virus. The fifty percent effective concentration (EC50) and fifty percent cytotoxic concentration (CC50) were determined to be 15.19 ± 0.61 and 117.12 ± 18.31 µg/mL, respectively, for RAW264.7 cells. Based on fluorescent microscopy, green fluorescence protein (GFP) expression and viral copy number reduction confirmed that TB100 inhibited viral replication in murine RAW264.7 and human A549 and HEp2 cells. In vitro pretreatment with TB100 induced the phosphorylation of transcriptional activators TBK1, IRF3, STAT1, IKB-α, and p65 associated with interferon pathways, indicating the activation of antiviral defenses. The safety and protective efficacy of TB100 were assessed in BALB/c mice as an oral treatment and the results confirmed that it was safe and effective against influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1), A/Philippines/2/2008 (H3N2), and A/Chicken/Korea/116/2004 (H9N2). High-performance liquid chromatography of aqueous extracts led to the identification of cinnamic, caffeic, and chlorogenic acids as potential chemicals for antiviral responses. Further confirmatory studies using these acids revealed that each of them confers significant antiviral effects against influenza when used as pretreatment and enhances the antiviral response in a time-dependent manner. These findings suggest that TB100 has the potential to be developed into an antiviral agent that is effective against seasonal influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Senevirathne
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - E H T Thulshan Jayathilaka
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - D K Haluwana
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiramage Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahinda Senevirathne
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Applied Science, Sabaragamuwa University of Sri Lanka, Belihuloya 70140, Sri Lanka
| | - Ji-Soo Jeong
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Mahanama De Zoysa
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Yuseong-go, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
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5
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Batista AS, Oliveira SDS, Pomel S, Commere PH, Mazan V, Lee M, Loiseau PM, Rossi-Bergmann B, Prina E, Duval R. Targeting chalcone binding sites in living Leishmania using a reversible fluorogenic benzochalcone probe. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 149:112784. [PMID: 35299122 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chalcones (1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones) either natural or synthetic have a plethora of biological properties including antileishmanial activities, but their development as drugs is hampered by their largely unknown mechanisms of action. We demonstrate herein that our previously described benzochalcone fluorogenic probe (HAB) could be imaged by fluorescence microscopy in live Leishmania amazonensis promastigotes where it targeted the parasite acidocalcisomes, lysosomes and the mitochondrion. As in the live zebrafish model, HAB formed yellow-emitting fluorescent complexes when associated with biological targets in Leishmania. Further, we used HAB as a reversible probe to study the binding of a portfolio of diverse chalcones and analogues in live promastigotes, using a combination of competitive flow cytometry analysis and cell microscopy. This pharmacological evaluation suggested that the binding of HAB in promastigotes was representative of chalcone pharmacology in Leishmania, with certain exogenous chalcones exhibiting competitive inhibition (ca. 20-30%) towards HAB whereas non-chalconic inhibitors showed weak capacity (ca. 3-5%) to block the probe intracellular binding. However, this methodology was restricted by the strong toxicity of several competing chalcones at high concentration, in conjunction with the limited sensitivity of the HAB fluorophore. This advocates for further optimization of this undirect target detection strategy using pharmacophore-derived reversible fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane S Batista
- Nanotechnology Engineering Program, Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia - COPPE, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, Brazil
| | | | - Sébastien Pomel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | | | - Valérie Mazan
- Université de Strasbourg, Université de Haute-Alsace, CNRS, LIMA, UMR 7042, ECPM, 25 Rue Becquerel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Moses Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta 30303, USA
| | | | - Bartira Rossi-Bergmann
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal de Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eric Prina
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Parasitologie Moléculaire et Signalisation, INSERM U1201, Paris, France
| | - Romain Duval
- Université de Paris, IRD, MERIT, F-75006 Paris, France.
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6
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Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic analysis, and antiproliferative activity of chalcone derivate (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)prop‑2-en-1-one in Trypanosoma cruzi. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.132197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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Chloride substitution on 2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyphenylchalcones improves in vitro selectivity on Trypanosoma cruzi strain Y. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 361:109920. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Geysillene Castro Matos M, da Silva LP, Wagner Queiroz Almeida-Neto F, Machado Marinho E, Róseo Paula Pessoa Bezerra de Menezes R, Lima Sampaio T, Nunes da Rocha M, Rodrigues Ribeiro L, Paula Magalhaes E, Rodrigues Teixeira AM, Dos Santos HS, Marinho ES, de Lima-Neto P, Costa Martins AM, Monteiro NKV, Machado Marinho M. Quantum mechanical, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, ADMET and antiproliferative activity on Trypanosoma cruzi (Y strain) of chalcone ( E)-1-(2-hydroxy-3,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one derived from a natural product. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:5052-5069. [PMID: 35144275 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04992e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chagas disease is a leading public health problem. More than 8 million people are affected by the disease, which is endemic in 21 countries in Latin America, generating an average annual cost of 7.2 billion dollars per year. The conventional treatment of Chagas disease is carried out by administering the drug benznidazole (BZN), which has caused numerous adverse reactions. Hence, the search for new, more efficient, and less toxic anti-chagasic agents is essential. Recently, chalcones have been researched to propose new therapies against neglected diseases, mainly Trypanosoma cruzi. The objective of this work was to evaluate for the first time the antiproliferative potential of chalcone derived from the natural product on T. cruzi strain Y. The molecular structure of the chalcone was confirmed by spectrometric data. The toxicity of chalcone in LLC-MK2 cells indicated that a concentration of 514.10 ± 62.40 μM was able to reduce cell viability by 50%. Regarding the effect of chalcone on epimastigote forms, an IC50 value of 46.57 ± 9.81 μM was observed; 45.92 ± 8.42 and 16.32 ± 3.41 μM at times of 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. The chalcone was able to eliminate trypomastigote forms at all concentrations tested, except for 31.25 μM, with LC50 values of 117.90 ± 12.60 μM, lower than the reference drug BZN (161.40 ± 31. 80 μM). The mechanism of action may be related to the membrane damage provoked by reduction of the mitochondrial potential. The anti-T. cruzi effect can be assigned through some structural aspects of the chalcone as the nitro group (NO2) is present, which can be enzymatically reduced forming a nitro radical, and the presence of methoxyl groups in the A ring of the chalcone. In silico studies showed that the chalcone had a higher affinity for cruzain when compared to BZN and the co-crystallized inhibitor KB2, as it presented a more thermodynamically stable complex in the order of -6.9 kcal mol-1. The pharmacokinetic prediction showed a significant probability of antiprotozoal activity, a good volume of distribution after being absorbed in the intestine, and a low chance of activity in the central nervous system. Therefore, these results suggest that the chalcone can become a potential cruzain enzyme inhibitor with trypanocidal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Geysillene Castro Matos
- State University of Ceará, Center for Science and Technology, Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Paes da Silva
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Emanuelle Machado Marinho
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Tiago Lima Sampaio
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Matheus Nunes da Rocha
- State University of Ceará, Faculty of Philosophy Dom Aureliano Matos, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Lyanna Rodrigues Ribeiro
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Paula Magalhaes
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
- State University of Ceará, Center for Science and Technology, Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. .,State University of Vale do Acaraú, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Sobral, CE, Brazil.,Regional University of Cariri, Department of Biological Chemistry, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- State University of Ceará, Faculty of Philosophy Dom Aureliano Matos, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil.,Regional University of Cariri, Department of Biological Chemistry, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Pedro de Lima-Neto
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Physical Chemistry, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Alice Maria Costa Martins
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Norberto K V Monteiro
- State University of Ceará, Center for Science and Technology, Postgraduate Program in Natural Sciences, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Márcia Machado Marinho
- Faculty of Education, Science and Letters of Iguatu, State University of Ceará, Iguatu, CE, Brazil
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9
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Staffen IV, Banhuk FW, Tomiotto-Pellissier F, da Silva Bortoleti BT, Pavanelli WR, Ayala TS, Menolli RA. Chalcone-rich extracts from Lonchocarpus cultratus roots present in vitro leishmanicidal and immunomodulatory activity. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 74:77-87. [PMID: 34791343 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-Leishmania activity of chalcone-rich three extracts (LDR, LHR and LMR) from Lonchocarpus cultratus (Vell.) A.M.G. Azevedo & H.C. Lima against L. amazonensis. Also, the immunomodulatory and antioxidant capacity was assessed. METHODS Successive extraction with hexane, dichloromethane and methanol were performed to obtain LHR, LDR and LMR extracts from L. cultratus roots, which were characterized by 1H NMR. Promastigotes, amastigotes and peritoneal macrophages were exposed to crescent concentrations of the three extracts, and after incubation, the inhibition rates were determined to both types of cells, and morphological analyses were performed on the parasite. The immunomodulatory activity was determined against stimulated macrophages. KEY FINDINGS LDR, LHR and LMR inhibited promastigote cell growth (IC50 0.62 ± 0.3, 0.94 ± 0.5 and 1.28 ± 0.73 µg/ml, respectively) and reduced the number of amastigotes inside macrophages (IC50 1.36 ± 0.14, 1.54 ± 0.26 and 4.09 ± 0.88 µg/ml, respectively). The cytotoxicity against murine macrophages resulted in a CC50 of 13.12 ± 1.92, 92.93 ± 9.1 and >300 µg/ml, resulting in high selectivity index to promastigotes and amastigotes. The extracts also inhibited the nitric oxide secretion in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The antioxidant capacity resulted in a higher scavenger LMR ability. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that L. cultratus extracts have anti-Leishmania potential, are non-toxic, and immunosuppress macrophages in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Virginia Staffen
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Weyand Banhuk
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tomiotto-Pellissier
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Taciane da Silva Bortoleti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.,Molecular Virology Laboratory, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Wander Rogério Pavanelli
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Postgraduate Program, Carlos Chagas Institute (ICC/Fiocruz/PR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Thaís Soprani Ayala
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rafael Andrade Menolli
- Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Center of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Western Paraná State University (Unioeste), Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
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