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Myrtsi ED, Vlachostergios DN, Petsoulas C, Koulocheri SD, Evergetis E, Haroutounian SA. Εleven Greek Legume Beans: Assessment of Genotypic Effect on Their Phytochemical Content and Antioxidant Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:459. [PMID: 38671907 PMCID: PMC11047335 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Legumes, one of the first crops of humanity, inherently constitute a staple nutritional source for mankind, attracting significant research attention that has been afforded to the development of numerous cultivars. The study herein concerns the exploitation of the nutritional and bio-functional content of beans harvested from eleven Greek cultivars belonging to five different species, namely Cicer arietinum L., Pisum sativum L., Vicia faba L., Lens culinaris L., and Phaseolus vulgaris L. The final goal is to define their varietal identity and correlate their phytochemical content with their potential utilization as functional foods and/or feed of high nutritional value. In this respect, their extracts were screened against the presence of 27 fatty acids and 19 phenolic compounds, revealing the presence of 22 and 15 molecules, respectively. Specifically, numerous fatty acids were detected in significant amounts in all but C. arietinum extract, while significant polyphenolic content was confirmed only in P. vulgaris. Among individual compounds, linoleic acid was the major fatty acid detected in amounts averaging more than 150 mg/g, followed by oleic acid, which was present as a major compound in all extracts. Among the nine polyphenols detected in P. vulgaris, the molecules of genistein (3.88 mg/g) and coumestrol (0.82 mg/g) were the most abundant. Their antioxidant properties were evaluated through DPPH and FRAP assays, which were highlighted as most potent in both tests of the V. faba extract, while C. arietinum was determined as totally inactive, indicating a potential correlation between the phenolic content of the plant species and antioxidant activity. These results are indicative of the significant advances achieved for the cultivars investigated and reveal their important role as nutritional crops for human and animal consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni D. Myrtsi
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
| | - Dimitrios N. Vlachostergios
- Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 41335 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Christos Petsoulas
- Institute of Industrial and Forage Crops, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO-DIMITRA, 41335 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Sofia D. Koulocheri
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
| | - Epameinondas Evergetis
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
| | - Serkos A. Haroutounian
- Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Bioscience, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; (E.D.M.); (S.D.K.); (E.E.)
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2
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Cao J, Zhu H, Gao Y, Hu Y, Li X, Shi J, Chen L, Kang H, Ru D, Ren B, Liu B. Chromosome-level genome assembly and characterization of the Calophaca sinica genome. DNA Res 2024:dsae011. [PMID: 38590243 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsae011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Calophaca sinica is a rare plant endemic to northern China which belongs to the Fabaceae family and possesses rich nutritional value. To support the preservation of the genetic resources of this plant, we have successfully generated a high-quality genome of C. sinica (1.06 Gb). Notably, transposable elements (TEs) constituted ~73% of the genome, with long terminal repeat retrotransposons (LTR-RTs) dominating this group of elements (~54% of the genome). The average intron length of the C. sinica genome was noticeably longer than what has been observed for closely-related species. The expansion of LTR-RTs and elongated introns emerged had the largest influence on the enlarged genome size of C. sinica in comparison to other Fabaceae species. The proliferation of TEs could be explained by certain modes of gene duplication, namely, whole genome duplication (WGD) and dispersed duplication (DSD). Gene family expansion, which was found to enhance genes associated with metabolism, genetic maintenance, and environmental stress resistance, was a result of transposed duplicated genes (TRD) and WGD. The presented genomic analysis sheds light on the genetic architecture of C. sinica, as well as provides a starting point for future evolutionary biology, ecology, and functional genomics studies centered around C. sinica and closely-related species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yingqi Gao
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yue Hu
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xuejiao Li
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jianwei Shi
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Luqin Chen
- Taiyuan Botanical Garden, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hao Kang
- Taiyuan Botanical Garden, Taiyuan, China
| | - Dafu Ru
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystem, College of Ecology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | | | - Bingbing Liu
- Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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Gudavalli D, Pandey K, Ede VG, Sable D, Ghagare AS, Kate AS. Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of five species of Bauhinia genus: A review. Fitoterapia 2024; 174:105830. [PMID: 38286316 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.105830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Genus Bauhinia has been widely used in the treatment of diabetes, malaria, cough, headache, fever, piles, dysentery, flatulence, diarrhoea, ulcer and cardiovascular problems. Among 600 species of this genus, Bauhinia variegata, B. purpurea, B. championii, B. racemosa, and B. forficata are commonly used in the traditional medicine and found to be throughly investigated for their medicinal properties. They possess diverse pharmacological activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-arthritic, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, nephroprotective, fibrinolytic, and wound healing properties and most of the biological activities are corelating with traditional knowledge. Phytochemical analysis indicated that steroids, terpenoids, and flavonoids are prominent in the selected species, whereas bauhiniastatins, bauhinoxepins, racemosols, roseosides, and bauhichamines are found unique to the genus. This review aims to decipher active molecules from the aforementioned species of Bauhinia covering comprehensive analysis of phytochemistry, pharmacological activities and traditional uses. The data has been carefully analyzed to find compounds or fractions with a translational value. In most of the cases, the pharmacological activities have been established, however, further studies are needed such as safety evaluations, target identification, bioavailability, metabolite identification, and pharmacokinetic properties. In conclusion, the pharmacological potential of Bauhinia plants show promise with various leads such as insulin-like protein, roseoside, bauhiniastatin, and melibiose binding lectin. However, further investigations are required to address existing gaps and advance them towards product development. This review will lay the groundwork for future research initiatives aimed at fully realizing the therapeutic potential of Bauhinia plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Gudavalli
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Komal Pandey
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Venkata Gopal Ede
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dakshata Sable
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Ashwini S Ghagare
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Abhijeet S Kate
- Department of Natural Products, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Ahmedabad, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.
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Gerometta E, Garayev E, Herbette G, Marvilliers A, Di Giorgio C, Clerc P, Frederich M, Baghdikian B, Grondin I, Gauvin-Bialecki A. Chemical and biological investigation of Indigofera ammoxylum (DC.) Polhill. red and white phenotypes through feature-based molecular networking. Phytochemistry 2024; 220:114005. [PMID: 38309451 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of ethyl acetate bark extracts of Indigofera ammoxylum red and white phenotypes led to the bio-guided isolation of four previously undescribed flavonoids, named (2S,3R)-3',7-dihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyflavanol (1), (2S,3R)-6-methoxy-7-hydroxyflavanol (2), 2',3',7-trihydroxy-4',6-dimethoxyisoflavone (7) and 2',5' -dimethoxy-4',5,7-trihydroxyisoflavanone (8), along with 14 known compounds (3-6 and 9-18). The previously undescribed structures were characterized based on NMR, HRESIMS, UV and IR data. Published spectroscopic data were used to deduce the structure of the known compounds. Eleven of the 18 isolated metabolites were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity and cytotoxic activity against human liver carcinoma cells and human colon and colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. All tested compounds showed an anti-inflammatory activity (IC50 NO < 25 μg/mL), and compounds 2 and 3 were more selective than the positive control dexamethasone. Afromorsin (6) showed promising cytotoxic properties against both cancer cell lines (IC50 18.9 and 11.4 μg/mL). Feature-based molecular networking approach applied to bark and leaves extracts of the two phenotypes allowed to detect bioactive analogues, belonging to the families of flavones, isoflavones, flavanones, flavanols and flavonols, and to explore the chemodiversity of the species. The red and white phenotypes have a similar composition, whereas bark and leaves contain specific chemical entities. Finally, this approach highlighted a cluster of potentially bioactive and undescribed metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Gerometta
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, St Denis, La Réunion, France.
| | - Elnur Garayev
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France, Faculty of Pharmacy, Service of Pharmacognosy, Marseille, France.
| | - Gaëtan Herbette
- Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM, Spectropole, Campus de St Jérôme - Service 511, Marseille, France.
| | - Arnaud Marvilliers
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, St Denis, La Réunion, France.
| | - Carole Di Giorgio
- Aix-Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France, Faculty of Pharmacy, Service of Environmental Mutagenesis, Marseille, France.
| | - Patricia Clerc
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, St Denis, La Réunion, France.
| | - Michel Frederich
- Université de Liège, Département de Pharmacie, Centre Interfacultaire de Recherche sur le Médicament (CIRM), Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Campus Du Sart-Tilman, Quartier Hôpital, Liège, Belgium.
| | - Béatrice Baghdikian
- Aix Marseille Université, Avignon Université, CNRS, IRD, IMBE, Marseille, France, Faculty of Pharmacy, Service of Pharmacognosy, Marseille, France.
| | - Isabelle Grondin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, St Denis, La Réunion, France.
| | - Anne Gauvin-Bialecki
- Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de La Réunion, St Denis, La Réunion, France.
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Yan MQ, Xu F, Kuang HX, Shi XP, Cao F, Yang BY, Wang ZB. 10-Secocycloartane (=9,19-cyclo-9,10-secolanostane) triterpenoid saponins: Huangqiyenins M-X from Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. Phytochemistry 2024; 222:114072. [PMID: 38561105 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Phytochemical investigations of the leaves of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. have led to the isolation of 12 undescribed triterpenoid saponins named huangqiyenins M-X. The structures of the undescribed compounds were determined using NMR and HRESIMS data. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against the RKO and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines was evaluated. Among these compounds, huangqiyenin W exhibited the highest cytotoxic activity against RKO colon cancer cells, whereas huangqiyenin Q and W showed moderate cytotoxic activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells. The network pharmacology results indicated that STAT3, IL-2 and CXCR1 are the correlated targets of huangqiyenin W against colon cancer, with AGE-RAGE and Th17 cell differentiation as the key signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qi Yan
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Xue Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Peng Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Cao
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-You Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Application Research of Beiyao (Ministry of Education), Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, 150040, People's Republic of China.
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6
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Torheim LE, Fadnes LT. Legumes and pulses - a scoping review for Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023. Food Nutr Res 2024; 68:10484. [PMID: 38571918 PMCID: PMC10989235 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v68.10484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Consumption of legumes and pulses is associated with various health outcomes. Therefore, when updating the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), summarizing the best available evidence on key health outcomes regarded as relevant for the Nordic and Baltics related to the consumption of legumes was essential. The aim of this scoping review was to evaluate the updated evidence on the effect of the consumption of legumes and pulses on various health outcomes, as well as their dose-response relationship in updated systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The scoping review is built on a de novo systematic review published in 2023 and additional searches on the consumption of legumes and pulses and its various health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Current available evidence shows that the consumption of legumes and pulses is associated with a lower risk of several cancers (evidence: low-moderate), and lower all-cause mortality (evidence: moderate). The associations with CVDs are neutral or inverse, with studies generally showing favourable changes in biomarkers for CVDs. Legume consumption is associated with a lower risk of obesity (evidence: low). For type 2 diabetes, no association was found with incidence, but trials on consumption of legumes and pulses and biomarkers generally indicated protective effects. Overall, the current evidence supports dietary recommendations to increase the consumption of legumes and pulses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Elin Torheim
- Department of Physical Health and Ageing, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Jordão LSB, Morim MP, Baumgratz JFA, Simon MF, Eppinghaus ALC, Calfo VA. TypeTaxonScript: sugarifying and enhancing data structures in biological systematics and biodiversity research. Biol Methods Protoc 2024; 9:bpae017. [PMID: 38566774 PMCID: PMC10984730 DOI: 10.1093/biomethods/bpae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Object-oriented programming (OOP) embodies a software development paradigm grounded in representing real-world entities as objects, facilitating a more efficient and structured modelling approach. In this article, we explore the synergy between OOP principles and the TypeScript (TS) programming language to create a JSON-formatted database designed for storing arrays of biological features. This fusion of technologies fosters a controlled and modular code script, streamlining the integration, manipulation, expansion, and analysis of biological data, all while enhancing syntax for improved human readability, such as through the use of dot notation. We advocate for biologists to embrace Git technology, akin to the practices of programmers and coders, for initiating versioned and collaborative projects. Leveraging the widely accessible and acclaimed IDE, Visual Studio Code, provides an additional advantage. Not only does it support running a Node.js environment, which is essential for running TS, but it also efficiently manages GitHub versioning. We provide a use case involving taxonomic data structure, focusing on angiosperm legume plants. This method is characterized by its simplicity, as the tools employed are both fully accessible and free of charge, and it is widely adopted by communities of professional programmers. Moreover, we are dedicated to facilitating practical implementation and comprehension through a comprehensive tutorial, a readily available pre-built database at GitHub, and a new package at npm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Sá Barreto Jordão
- Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora—CNCFlora, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Marli Pires Morim
- Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica—DIPEQ, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030, Brazil
| | - José Fernando A Baumgratz
- Diretoria de Pesquisa Científica—DIPEQ, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fragomeni Simon
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica–PqEB, Brasília, 70770-901, Brazil
| | - André L C Eppinghaus
- Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora—CNCFlora, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Vicente A Calfo
- Centro Nacional de Conservação da Flora—CNCFlora, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030, Brazil
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Ke QL, Li RY, Cai SS, Tang MQ, Cui LC, Lai CD, Li YH. The complete chloroplast genome and phylogenetic analysis of Bauhinia glauca subsp . hupehana (Craib) T. C. Chen 1988. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2024; 9:327-331. [PMID: 38476838 PMCID: PMC10930098 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2024.2324928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Bauhinia glauca subsp. hupehana (Craib) T. C. Chen 1988, a member of the Leguminosae family, Cercidoideae subfamily, and Bauhinia genus, has a rich history of traditional usage in Chinese medicine. Renowned for its analgesic properties, it is commonly employed for managing inflammation and pain. This study aimed to sequence the complete chloroplast genome of B. glauca subsp. hupehana using Illumina paired-end sequencing data. The chloroplast genome spans 156,967 bp and consists of four main regions: the large single-copy (LSC) region (89,185 bp), the small single-copy (SSC) region (19,146 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) (24,318 bp). The overall GC content of the chloroplast genome is 36.19%, with specific values of 33.99%, 29.79%, and 42.76% for the LSC, SSC, and IR regions, respectively. A total of 128 genes were annotated in the chloroplast genome, including 83 protein-coding genes, 37 tRNA genes, and eight rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that B. glauca subsp. hupehana is closely related to Bauhinia racemose, indicating a sister taxon relationship between the two species. This study significantly contributes to the chloroplast genomic resource for Bauhinia, laying the groundwork for future phylogenetic investigations within the genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lin Ke
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRC, Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui-Ying Li
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shao-Shuai Cai
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | | | - Li-Cao Cui
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chong-De Lai
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi-Han Li
- College of Bioscience and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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9
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Wu L, Fan P, Cai J, Zang C, Lin Y, Xu Z, Wu Z, Gao W, Song J, Yao H. Comparative genomics and phylogenomics of the genus Glycyrrhiza ( Fabaceae) based on chloroplast genomes. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1371390. [PMID: 38515836 PMCID: PMC10955637 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1371390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza (Fabaceae) species are rich in metabolites and widely used in medicine. Research on the chloroplast genome of Glycyrrhiza is important for understanding its phylogenetics, biogeography, genetic diversity, species identification, and medicinal properties. In this study, comparative genomics and phylogenomics of Glycyrrhiza were analyzed based on the chloroplast genome. The chloroplast genomes of six Glycyrrhiza species were obtained using various assembly and annotation tools. The final assembled chloroplast genome sizes for the six Glycyrrhiza species ranged from 126,380 bp to 129,115 bp, with a total of 109-110 genes annotated. Comparative genomics results showed that the chloroplast genomes of Glycyrrhiza showed typically lacking inverted repeat regions, and the genome length, structure, GC content, codon usage, and gene distribution were highly similar. Bioinformatics analysis revealed the presence of 69-96 simple sequence repeats and 61-138 long repeats in the chloroplast genomes. Combining the results of mVISTA and nucleotide diversity, four highly variable regions were screened for species identification and relationship studies. Selection pressure analysis indicated overall purifying selection in the chloroplast genomes of Glycyrrhiza, with a few positively selected genes potentially linked to environmental adaptation. Phylogenetic analyses involving all tribes of Fabaceae with published chloroplast genomes elucidated the evolutionary relationships, and divergence time estimation estimated the chronological order of species differentiations within the Fabaceae family. The results of phylogenetic analysis indicated that species from the six subfamilies formed distinct clusters, consistent with the classification scheme of the six subfamilies. In addition, the inverted repeat-lacking clade in the subfamily Papilionoideae clustered together, and it was the last to differentiate. Co-linear analysis confirmed the conserved nature of Glycyrrhiza chloroplast genomes, and instances of gene rearrangements and inversions were observed in the subfamily Papilionoideae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Panhui Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaying Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chenxi Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yulin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhichao Xu
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengjun Wu
- China Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Gao
- China Resources Sanjiu Medical & Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Basis and New Drug Development of Natural and Nuclear Drugs, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
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10
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Nurudeen QO, Yusuf ZM, Salimon SS, Falana MB, Ayinla A, Asinmi MR, Oweh OT, Dikwa MA. Hydroethanolic extract of Piliostigma thonningii leaves extenuates the severity of diarrhoea in female Wistar rats. J Complement Integr Med 2024; 21:26-37. [PMID: 38180845 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2023-0205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nigeria ranks second in the global prevalence of diarrhoea with most cases concentrated in the Northern-region of the country. This research explored the antidiarrhoeal efficacy of the hydroethanolic extract of Piliostigma thonningii leaves (HEPTL), locally used to manage diarrhoeal conditions in Kebbi State, Nigeria. METHODS P. thonningii leaves were screened for their secondary metabolites and mineral constituents. Using 3 standard-diarrhoea models, female Wistar rats completely-randomised into six-groups of six animals each were utilised for probing the antidiarrhoeal activity of HEPTL. Animals in groups I and II served as the negative and positive controls, whereas the rats in groups III, IV and V respectively received 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight-(bw) of HEPTL. RESULTS Six secondary metabolites and eight minerals were found in the extract, with flavonoids and calcium being the most abundant while steroids and zinc were the least prevalent, respectively. High performance liquid chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of 19 bioactive substances. Furthermore, there was a significant (p<0.05) and dose-related reduction in diarrhoea onset, water content, and wet faeces count. Similarly, the amount of intestinal fluid and average distance traversed by the charcoal-meal were decreased dose-dependently by the HEPTL with a commensurate rise in the suppression of intestinal fluid accrual and peristalsis. Acetylcholinesterase, Na+/K+-ATPase, reduced glutathione, intestinal-alkaline phosphatase and protein levels increased significantly (p<0.05) whereas superoxide-dismutase, catalase, intestinal-nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels all fell significantly (p<0.05). However, the level of intestinal glucose was not significantly altered. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the HEPTL exhibited a profound effect in the alleviation of the severity of diarrhoea, notably at 200 mg/kg bw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quadri Olaide Nurudeen
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Saoban Sunkanmi Salimon
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | | | - Abdul'aziz Ayinla
- Biology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - Muhammed Robiu Asinmi
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Al-Hikmah University, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | | | - Muhammad Ali Dikwa
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria
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11
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de Oliveira Silva D, Conceição Santos MF, de Jesus Nicácio K, Neto AK, Ghilardi Lago JH, Chagas-Paula DA, Dias DF, Soares MG. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of Acacia polyphylla and identification of a new apigenin-3- C- glycosylated type flavonoid. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1054-1059. [PMID: 37157912 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2210256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the potentially harmful adverse effects of current anti-inflammatory drugs, there is a need to identify new alternative substances. Thus, this study aimed to perform a phytochemical analysis of A. polyphylla to identify compounds responsible for its anti-inflammatory activity. Several fractions of the A. polyphylla extract were obtained and evaluated in an ex vivo anti-inflammatory assay using fresh human blood. Among the evaluated fractions, the BH fraction displayed the highest percentage of PGE2 inhibition (74.8%) compared to the reference drugs dexamethasone and indomethacin, demonstrating its excellent potential for anti-inflammatory activity. Astragalin (P1), a known 3-O-glucoside of kaempferol, was isolated from the A. polyphylla extract for the first time. In addition, a new compound (P2) was isolated and identified as the apigenin-3-C-glycosylated flavonoid. Astragalin showed moderate PGE2 activity (48.3%), whereas P2 was not anti-inflammatory. This study contributes to the phytochemical studies of A. polyphylla and confirms its anti-inflammatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mário Ferreira Conceição Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Center for Exact, Natural and Health Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Danielle F Dias
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Marisi G Soares
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, MG, Brazil
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12
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Folk RA, Charboneau JLM, Belitz M, Singh T, Kates HR, Soltis DE, Soltis PS, Guralnick RP, Siniscalchi CM. Anatomy of a mega-radiation: Biogeography and niche evolution in Astragalus. Am J Bot 2024; 111:e16299. [PMID: 38419145 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
PREMISE Astragalus (Fabaceae), with more than 3000 species, represents a globally successful radiation of morphologically highly similar species predominant across the northern hemisphere. It has attracted attention from systematists and biogeographers, who have asked what factors might be behind the extraordinary diversity of this important arid-adapted clade and what sets it apart from close relatives with far less species richness. METHODS Here, for the first time using extensive phylogenetic sampling, we asked whether (1) Astragalus is uniquely characterized by bursts of radiation or whether diversification instead is uniform and no different from closely related taxa. Then we tested whether the species diversity of Astragalus is attributable specifically to its predilection for (2) cold and arid habitats, (3) particular soils, or to (4) chromosome evolution. Finally, we tested (5) whether Astragalus originated in central Asia as proposed and (6) whether niche evolutionary shifts were subsequently associated with the colonization of other continents. RESULTS Our results point to the importance of heterogeneity in the diversification of Astragalus, with upshifts associated with the earliest divergences but not strongly tied to any abiotic factor or biogeographic regionalization tested here. The only potential correlate with diversification we identified was chromosome number. Biogeographic shifts have a strong association with the abiotic environment and highlight the importance of central Asia as a biogeographic gateway. CONCLUSIONS Our investigation shows the importance of phylogenetic and evolutionary studies of logistically challenging "mega-radiations." Our findings reject any simple key innovation behind high diversity and underline the often nuanced, multifactorial processes leading to species-rich clades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A Folk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - Joseph L M Charboneau
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael Belitz
- Florida Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tajinder Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | | | - Douglas E Soltis
- Florida Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Pamela S Soltis
- Florida Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Robert P Guralnick
- Florida Museum, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
- Biodiversity Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carolina M Siniscalchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
- General Libraries, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
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13
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An Q, Zhang J, Zhang P, Chen L, Yi P, Yuan CM, Hu ZX, Hao XJ. Three new quinolizidine alkaloids from the roots of Sophora tonkinensis. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2024; 26:302-312. [PMID: 37312516 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2221658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Three new quinolizidine alkaloids (1 - 3), including one new naturally isoflavone and cytisine polymer (3), along with 6 known ones were isolated from the ethanol extract of Sophora tonkinensis Gagnep. Their structures were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis (IR, UV, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR), combined with ECD calculations. The antifungal activity against Phytophythora capsica, Botrytis cinerea, Gibberella zeae, and Alternaria alternata of the compounds was evaluated in a mycelial inhibition assay. Biological tests indicated that compound 3 exhibited strong antifungal activity against P. capsica with EC50 values of 17.7 μg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao An
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Administrative Examination and Approval Service Center, People's Government of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang 050601, China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Zhan-Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Kunming 650201, China
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14
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Sergeant K, Goertz S, Halime S, Tietgen H, Heidt H, Minestrini M, Jacquard C, Zimmer S, Renaut J. Exploration of the Diversity of Vicine and Convicine Derivatives in Faba Bean ( Vicia faba L.) Cultivars: Insights from LC-MS/MS Spectra. Molecules 2024; 29:1065. [PMID: 38474577 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
While numerous Fabaceae seeds are a good nutritional source of high-quality protein, the use of some species is hampered by toxic effects caused by exposure to metabolites that accumulate in the seeds. One such species is the faba or broad bean (Vicia faba L.), which accumulates vicine and convicine. These two glycoalkaloids cause favism, the breakdown of red blood cells in persons with a glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency. Because this is the most common enzyme deficiency worldwide, faba bean breeding efforts have focused on developing cultivars with low levels of these alkaloids. Consequently, quantification methods have been developed; however, they quantify vicine and convicine only and not the derivatives of these compounds that potentially generate the same bio-active molecules. Based on the recognition of previously unknown (con)vicine-containing compounds, we screened the fragmentation spectra of LC-MS/MS data from five faba bean cultivars using the characteristic fragments generated by (con)vicine. This resulted in the recognition of more than a hundred derivatives, of which 89 were tentatively identified. (Con)vicine was mainly derivatized through the addition of sugars, hydroxycinnamic acids, and dicarboxylic acids, with a group of compounds composed of two (con)vicine residues linked by dicarboxyl fatty acids. In general, the abundance profiles of the different derivatives in the five cultivars mimicked that of vicine and convicine, but some showed a derivative-specific profile. The description of the (con)vicine diversity will impact the interpretation of future studies on the biosynthesis of (con)vicine, and the content in potentially bio-active alkaloids in faba beans may be higher than that represented by the quantification of vicine and convicine alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjell Sergeant
- Biotechnologies and Environmental Analytics Platform (BEAP), Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5, Rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
| | - Simon Goertz
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof 1, 24363 Holtsee, Germany
| | - Salma Halime
- Biotechnologies and Environmental Analytics Platform (BEAP), Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5, Rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Hanna Tietgen
- NPZ Innovation GmbH, Hohenlieth-Hof 1, 24363 Holtsee, Germany
| | - Hanna Heidt
- Institut fir Biologësch Landwirtschaft an Agrarkultur Luxemburg a.s.b.l (IBLA), 1 Wantergaass, L-7664 Medernach, Luxembourg
| | - Martina Minestrini
- Biotechnologies and Environmental Analytics Platform (BEAP), Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5, Rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), UCLouvain, Croix du 11 Sud 4-5/L7.07.03, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Cédric Jacquard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, INRAE, RIBP USC 1488, 51100 Reims, France
| | - Stephanie Zimmer
- Institut fir Biologësch Landwirtschaft an Agrarkultur Luxemburg a.s.b.l (IBLA), 1 Wantergaass, L-7664 Medernach, Luxembourg
| | - Jenny Renaut
- Biotechnologies and Environmental Analytics Platform (BEAP), Environmental Research and Innovation Department (ERIN), Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), 5, Rue Bommel, L-4940 Hautcharage, Luxembourg
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15
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Zhigila DA, Elliott TL, Schmiedel U, Muasya AM. Do phylogenetic community metrics reveal the South African quartz fields as terrestrial-habitat islands? Ann Bot 2024:mcae027. [PMID: 38401154 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcae027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The quartz fields of the Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR) are arid and island-like special habitats, hosting about 142 habitat-specialized plant species of which 81% are local endemics, characterized by a rapid turnover of species between and among sites. We use several phylogenetic community metrics to i) examine species diversity and phylogenetic structure within and among quartz fields; ii) investigate whether quartz field specialists are evolutionarily drawn from local species pools, while the alternative hypothesis posits that there is no significant evolutionary connection between quartz field specialists and the local species pools; and iii) determine whether there is an association between certain traits and the presence of species in quartz fields. METHODS We sampled and developed dated phylogenies for six species-rich angiosperm families (Aizoaceae, Asteraceae, Crassulaceae, Cyperaceae, Fabaceae and Santalaceae) represented in the quartz field floras of southern Africa. Specifically, we focused on the flora of three quartz field regions in South Africa (Knersvlakte, Little Karoo and Overberg) and their surrounding species pools to address our research questions, scoring traits associated with harsh environments. KEY RESULTS We found that the Overberg and Little Karoo had the highest level of species overlap for families Aizoaceae and Fabaceae, while the Knersvlakte and the Overberg had the highest species overlap for families Asteraceae, Crassulaceae, and Santalaceae. Although our phylogenetic community structure and trait analyses showed no clear patterns, relatively low pairwise phylogenetic distances between specialists and their local species pools for Aizoaceae and Fabaceae suggest that quartz species could be evolutionarily drawn from their surrounding areas, with phylogenetic overdispersion in Knersvlakte and Little Karoo for Aizoaceae and Crassulaceae. CONCLUSIONS Despite their proximity to one another within the GCFR, the studied areas differ in their species pools and the phylogenetic structure of their specialists. Our work provides further justification for increased conservation focus of these unique habitats under future scenarios of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Zhigila
- Department of Botany, Gombe State University, PMB 127, Tudun Wada, Gombe, Gombe State, Nigeria
- Bolus Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Tammy L Elliott
- Bolus Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
| | - Ute Schmiedel
- Organismic Botany and Mycology, Institute of Plant Science and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Germany
| | - A Muthama Muasya
- Bolus Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, Private Bag X3, Rondebosch, Cape Town 7701, South Africa
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16
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Koptur S, Primoli AS, Neto HFP, Whitfield J. Pierid Butterflies, Legume Hostplants, and Parasitoids in Urban Areas of Southern Florida. Insects 2024; 15:123. [PMID: 38392542 PMCID: PMC10888611 DOI: 10.3390/insects15020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Are parasitoids less likely to find their Lepidoptera hosts on non-native hostplants than native hostplants? We predicted that with longer periods of coevolution between herbivores and the plants they consume, the parasitoids that provide top-down control would be more attuned to finding their hosts on native plants. To test this hypothesis, we collected immature stages of sulfur butterflies (the cloudless sulfur (Phoebis sennae) and the orange-barred sulfur (Phoebis agarithe) over a three-year period (2008-2011) from native and ornamental hostplants in the genus Senna in three different parts of the urban landscape of Miami, Florida, USA. We reared the immature specimens to pupation and either eclosion of adults or emergence of parasitoids and compared the levels of parasitization among the three areas, and among native vs. exotic hostplants. We found, contrary to our prediction, that caterpillars feeding on non-native leguminous hostplant species were more likely to be parasitized than those feeding on native hostplants. We discuss this surprising finding in the light of recent findings in other plant/herbivore/parasitoid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Koptur
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Center for Tropical Botany, Institute of the Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
| | - Andrea Salas Primoli
- Department of Biological Sciences, International Center for Tropical Botany, Institute of the Environment, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
| | - Hipolito Ferreira Paulino Neto
- Departamento de Ecologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, SP, Brazil;
- Departamento de Biociências, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais-UEMG/Unidade Passos, Passos 37900-004, MG, Brazil
| | - James Whitfield
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA;
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Parera V, Pérez-Chaca MV, Gallardo LV, Gatica-Aguilar CV, Parera CA, Feresin GE. Adesmia pinifolia, a Native High-Andean Species, as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd and Hg. Plants (Basel) 2024; 13:464. [PMID: 38498429 PMCID: PMC10891624 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study highlights Adesmia pinifolia, a native high-Andean species, as a potential candidate for the phytoremediation of soils contaminated with Cd and Hg. In this work, a semi-hydronic assay with different doses of Cd (3, 4.5, and 6 mg L-1) and Hg (0.8, 1.2, and 1.6 mg L-1) was analysed to evaluate the establishment of plants, antioxidant defence systems, oxidative stress, and the ability to accumulate heavy metals. The results indicate high survival rates (>80%); however, Cd significantly reduced shoot and root biomass, while Hg increased root biomass with the 1.6 mg L-1 treatment. Cd and Hg tend to accumulate more in roots (2534.24 µg/g and 596.4 µg g-1, respectively) compared to shoots (398.53 µg g-1 and 140.8 µg g-1, respectively). A significant decrease in the bioconcentration factor of Cd and Hg in roots was observed as metal levels increased, reaching the maximum value at 3 mg L-1 (805.59 ± 54.38) and 0.8 mg L-1 (804.54 ± 38.09). The translocation factor, <1 for both metals, suggests that translocation from roots to shoots is limited. An overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed, causing lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage to plant membranes. Tolerance strategies against subsequent toxicity indicate that enhanced glutathione reductase (GR) activity and glutathione (GSH) accumulation modulate Cd and Hg accumulation, toxicity, and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Parera
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
| | - M. Verónica Pérez-Chaca
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Laura V. Gallardo
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Camila V. Gatica-Aguilar
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina; (M.V.P.-C.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Carlos A. Parera
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Avenida Rivadavia 1439, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1033AAE, Argentina;
| | - Gabriela E. Feresin
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, Av. Libertador General San Martin 1109 Oeste, San Juan 5400, Argentina;
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Godoy Cruz 2290, Cuidad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) C1425FQB, Argentina;
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Luo D, Zou JW, Wang JH, Tian H, Xie HY, Zhu TX, Zhu HH, Deng LM, Fan CL, Wang H, Wang GC, Zhang YB. Undescribed matrine-type alkaloids from Sophora alopecuroides with anti-inflammatory activity. Phytochemistry 2024; 218:113954. [PMID: 38104747 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
A phytochemical investigation on the alkaloid fractions of Sophora alopecuroides L. led to the production of 11 undescribed matrine-type alkaloids, sophaloseedlines I-S (1-11), 12 known analogs (12-23), and an unexpected artificial matrine-derived Al(III) complex (24). The corresponding structures were elucidated by the interpretation of spectroscopic analyses, quantum chemical calculation, and six instances (1-4, 18, and 24), verified by X-ray crystallography. The biological activities screening demonstrated that none of the isolates exhibited cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, THP-1, and MCF-7) and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) at 50 μM, while moderate anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 value from 15.6 to 47.8 μM was observed. The key structure-activity relationships of those matrine-type alkaloids for anti-inflammatory effects have been summarized. In addition, the most potent 7-epi-sophoramine (19) and aluminum sophaloseedline T (24) could effectively inhibit the release of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β), as well as the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Luo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jia-Wen Zou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Jing-Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - He Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Hua-Yan Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China
| | - Tian-Xi Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Lu-Ming Deng
- Marine Biomedical Research Institution, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524023, PR China
| | - Chun-Lin Fan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510000, PR China.
| | - Guo-Cai Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
| | - Yu-Bo Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, and Guangdong Clinical Translational Center for Targeted Drug, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, PR China.
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Guimarães Veloso D, de Freitas Mansano V, Pádua Teixeira S, Alcantara de Oliveira C, Baratto LC, Almeida Rodrigues I, Villela Paulino J. Unveiling foliar secreting sites and secretion composition in the legume tree Swartzia flaemingii Raddi. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301616. [PMID: 38161186 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Secretory structures in plants play a crucial role in producing bioactive compounds. Despite the potential of the Swartzia genus, comprehensive studies in this context are still scarce. Swartzia is a legume tree (Fabaceae) that occurs in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a biodiversity hotspot, and includes species such as Swartzia flaemingii. Therefore, we aim to achieve: (1) identify and characterize the key secretory sites responsible for saponin production in S. flaemingii leaflets; (2) confirm the presence of saponins in S. flaemingii leaves by comparing them with known chemical profiles of other Swartzia species; (3) assess the potential hemolytic and cytotoxic effects of crude leaf extracts. Our investigation unveils the presence of phenolic idioblasts, mucilage cells, and articulate laticifers, which play pivotal roles in defense and adaptation. Notably, we report the first-ever ultrastructural details of laticifers in a legume species. Additionally, oleanane-type saponins were identified in the leaves, giving insights into the chemotaxonomic profile of Swartzia. The crude extracts show low cytotoxicity levels, showcasing as a promising alternative source of saponins. This investigation reinforces the importance of conserving plants in threatened regions like the Atlantic Forest, a global biodiversity hotspot facing substantial anthropogenic pressures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalton Guimarães Veloso
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Vidal de Freitas Mansano
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, DIPEQ, Rua Pacheco Leão 915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22460-030, Brazil
| | - Simone Pádua Teixeira
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. do Café, s/n., Ribeirão Preto, SP 14040-903, Brazil
| | - Carolina Alcantara de Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo C Baratto
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Igor Almeida Rodrigues
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Juliana Villela Paulino
- Departamento de Produtos Naturais e Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-902, Brazil
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Adetunji TL, Acho MA, Samuel VO, Ohoro CR, Ramulondi M. Erythrina velutina Willd.: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 319:117273. [PMID: 37820994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Erythrina velutina Willd., commonly known as "mulungu" in Brazil, is a leguminous tree with various traditional medicinal uses. These uses include treating insomnia, central nervous system disorders, convulsions, nervous cough, and inflammation. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to comprehensively summarize the ethnomedicinal uses, chemical constituents, pharmacology, and toxicology of E. velutina to explore its potential as a source for new therapeutic agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was collected from scientific databases, dissertations, and books. Chemical structures were generated using ChemDraw. To ensure the accuracy of the plant names, "World Flora Online" (www.worldfloraonline.org) was consulted for the accepted names of plants. RESULTS E. velutina is indigenous to Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Hispaniola. Approximately 244 compounds, mainly alkaloids and flavonoids, have been isolated from it. The plant and its extracts have exhibited various bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, neuroprotective, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects, validating some of its traditional medicinal uses. Erythrina velutina shows promising therapeutic potential for conditions like convulsion, central nervous disorders, anxiety, insomnia, and inflammation, primarily due to its alkaloid and flavonoid content. CONCLUSION The traditional medicinal uses of the plant, combined with modern scientific research, underscore its pharmacological potential. This makes it a significant candidate for drug development. Further research should focus on conducting toxicological studies, clinical trials, and mechanistic investigations. These efforts will enable a comprehensive exploration of its pharmacological properties and potential applications in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomi Lois Adetunji
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
| | | | | | - Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro
- Water Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
| | - Mmbulaheni Ramulondi
- Department of Science Access, Faculty of Science, Agriculture and Engineering, University of Zululand, South Africa.
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21
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Jacob F, Hamid R, Ghorbanzadeh Z, Valsalan R, Ajinath LS, Mathew D. Genome-wide identification, characterization, and expression analysis of MIPS family genes in legume species. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:95. [PMID: 38262915 PMCID: PMC10804463 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evolutionarily conserved in plants, the enzyme D-myo-inositol-3-phosphate synthase (MIPS; EC 5.5.1.4) regulates the initial, rate-limiting reaction in the phytic acid biosynthetic pathway. They are reported to be transcriptional regulators involved in various physiological functions in the plants, growth, and biotic/abiotic stress responses. Even though the genomes of most legumes are fully sequenced and available, an all-inclusive study of the MIPS family members in legumes is still ongoing. RESULTS We found 24 MIPS genes in ten legumes: Arachis hypogea, Cicer arietinum, Cajanus cajan, Glycine max, Lablab purpureus, Medicago truncatula, Pisum sativum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Trifolium pratense and Vigna unguiculata. The total number of MIPS genes found in each species ranged from two to three. The MIPS genes were classified into five clades based on their evolutionary relationships with Arabidopsis genes. The structural patterns of intron/exon and the protein motifs that were conserved in each gene were highly group-specific. In legumes, MIPS genes were inconsistently distributed across their genomes. A comparison of genomes and gene sequences showed that this family was subjected to purifying selection and the gene expansion in MIPS family in legumes was mainly caused by segmental duplication. Through quantitative PCR, expression patterns of MIPS in response to various abiotic stresses, in the vegetative tissues of various legumes were studied. Expression pattern shows that MIPS genes control the development and differentiation of various organs, and have significant responses to salinity and drought stress. CONCLUSION The MIPS genes in the genomes of legumes have been identified, characterized and their expression was analysed. The findings pave way for understanding their molecular functions and evolution, and lead to identify the putative MIPS genes associated with different cell and tissue development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feba Jacob
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
| | - Rasmieh Hamid
- Department of Plant Breeding, Cotton Research Institute of Iran (CRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra Ghorbanzadeh
- Department of Systems Biology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Ravisankar Valsalan
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
| | - Lavale Shivaji Ajinath
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India
| | - Deepu Mathew
- Centre for Plant Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, India.
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Do LTM, Huynh TTN, Tran QHN, Nguyen HTM, Nguyen TTA, Nguyen TTN, Nguyen PHH, Sichaem J. Placoisoflavones A and B, two new cytotoxic isoflavonoids from Placolobium vietnamense N.D.Khôi & Yakovlev. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:112-118. [PMID: 35945810 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2110092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Two previously unreported isoflavonoids, placoisoflavones A and B (1 and 2), along with five known compounds, calopogonium isoflavone B (3), jamaicin (4), 6-methoxycalopogonium isoflavone A (5), vestitol (6), and caviunin (7) have been isolated from the stems of Placolobium vietnamense N.D.Khôi & Yakovlev. The structures of all isolated compounds were fully characterized using spectroscopic data and comparison with the previous literature. The cytotoxicity of all isolated compounds was evaluated against HepG2 cell line, and compound 1 showed the most potent cytotoxicity with an IC50 value of 8.0 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien T M Do
- Sai Gon University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | - Tuyet T A Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Ho Chi Minh City University of Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Jirapast Sichaem
- Research Unit in Natural Products Chemistry and Bioactivities, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University Lampang Campus, Lampang, Thailand
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Valente IM, Sousa C, Almeida M, Miranda C, Pinheiro V, Garcia-Santos S, Ferreira LMM, Guedes CM, Maia MRG, Cabrita ARJ, Fonseca AJM, Trindade H. Insights from the yield, protein production, and detailed alkaloid composition of white ( Lupinus albus), narrow-leafed ( Lupinus angustifolius), and yellow ( Lupinus luteus) lupin cultivars in the Mediterranean region. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1231777. [PMID: 38162308 PMCID: PMC10755673 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1231777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Lupins and other legumes have been considered as alternative plant-based protein sources to soybeans for both humans and livestock. Furthermore, they can contribute to more sustainable agricultural systems. The productivity and chemical composition of legumes is highly variable between species, cultivars, and with the edaphoclimatic conditions. Methods This work evaluated the adaptability of seven Lupinus cultivars in two different sowing locations, during two consecutive years, through the characterization of their seed, as a means of investigating their suitability to be used as a source of food and/or feed. Results and discussion Lupinus angustifolius cv. Tango and Lupinus luteus cv. Acos were the most stable genotypes across the environments when considering the seed and protein production, while L. luteus cv. Alburquerque and L. luteus cv. Mister showed less variation in the total alkaloid content across the environments. The edaphoclimatic conditions affected seed and protein yields, as higher rainfall resulted in high productivity. The lower temperatures observed in the first year at both locations caused a reduction in the production of alkaloids in L. luteus cv. Acos and Cardiga. Due to the high alkaloid content of some of the studied cultivars their use as food or feed can pose some safety concerns. However, these cultivars can have high levels of resistance to herbivore and insect attacks, which can be of the utmost importance for the use of these crops for recovering poor or exhausted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. Valente
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, Departament of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Sousa
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mariana Almeida
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV) and Associate Laboratory for Veterinary and Animal Science (AL4AnimalS), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Carla Miranda
- Centre for the Research and Technology Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Victor Pinheiro
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV) and Associate Laboratory for Veterinary and Animal Science (AL4AnimalS), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Sofia Garcia-Santos
- Centre for the Research and Technology Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luís M. M. Ferreira
- Centre for the Research and Technology Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Cristina M. Guedes
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV) and Associate Laboratory for Veterinary and Animal Science (AL4AnimalS), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Margarida R. G. Maia
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana R. J. Cabrita
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - António J. M. Fonseca
- REQUIMTE, LAQV, ICBAS, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Trindade
- Centre for the Research and Technology Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
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de Veras BO, Moura GMDM, Barros AVD, Vanusa da Silva M, Assis PACD, Aguiar JCRDOFD, Navarro DMDAF, Ximenes RM, Wanderley AG, Oliveira MBMD, Lopes ACDS. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of essential oil of the leaves of Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Smith. from the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 317:116858. [PMID: 37400005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Amburana cearensis (Allemão) A.C. Smith is a medicinal plant with wide distribution in South America, popularly known in Brazil as "cumaru" or "amburana de cheiro". In folk medicine, in the semi-arid region of Northeastern Brazil, infusions, teas and decoctions of leaves of Amburana cearensis have their practical use for treating fever, gastrointestinal disorders, inflammation, and inflammation pain. However, none of the ethnopharmacological properties has been scientifically evaluated using volatile compounds obtained from its leaves (essential oil). AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the chemical composition, acute oral toxicity, and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil from the leaves of A. cearensis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The acute toxicity of the essential oil was investigated in mice. The antinociceptive effect was evaluated using the formalin test and, abdominal writhing induced by acetic acid, being investigated the possible mechanisms of action involved in antinociception. The acute anti-inflammatory effect was investigated through models of carrageenan-induced peritonitis, yeast-induced pyrexia, and carrageenan- and histamine-induced paw inflammation. RESULTS No acute toxicity was observed at doses up to 2000 mg/kg; p.o. The antinociceptive effect was statistically equal to morphine. In the formalin assay, the oil showed analgesic activity in the neurogenic and inflammatory phases, having as mechanisms the cholinergic, adenosinergic system, and ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K-ATP). In peritonitis, a reduction in TNF-α and IL-1β levels and leukocyte migration were observed. The antipyretic effect was statistically superior to dipyrone. The reduction in paw edema was statistically superior to the standard in both models. CONCLUSION The results obtained not only support the traditional use of the species in inflammatory conditions and pain in folk medicine but also demonstrate that this is a rich source of phytocomponents such as germacrone, which can be used as a natural and sustainable therapeutic agent with industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Oliveira de Veras
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Post-graduation in Biotechnology - RENORBIO, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Geovanna Maria de Medeiros Moura
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory Chemistry and Function of Bioactive Proteins, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Amanda Vieira de Barros
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Márcia Vanusa da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Priscilla Anne Castro de Assis
- Department of Physiology and Pathology, Laboratory of Immunology and Cell Biology, Federal University of Paraiba, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Post-graduation in Biotechnology - RENORBIO, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Almir Gonçalves Wanderley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Environmental, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, 09913-030, Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Betânia Melo de Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Natural Products, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ana Catarina de Sousa Lopes
- Post-graduation in Tropical Medicine, Laboratory of Microbiology, Federal University of Pernambuco, 50670-420, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Dagan R, Dovrat G, Masci T, Sheffer E. Competition-induced downregulation of symbiotic nitrogen fixation. New Phytol 2023; 240:2288-2297. [PMID: 37845824 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Controlled experiments at the level of individual plants show that legume species use different strategies for the regulation of symbiotic dinitrogen fixation in response to nitrogen availability. These strategies were suggested to improve legume fitness in the context of the plant community, although rarely studied at this level. We evaluated how nitrogen availability and conspecific vs heterospecific interactions influenced the strategy of regulation of nitrogen fixation. We grew two species of herbaceous legumes representing two different strategies of regulation without interaction, under treatments of deficient and sufficient nitrogen availability, with conspecific or heterospecific interaction. We found that Hymenocarpus circinnatus maintained a facultative strategy of downregulating nitrogen fixation when nitrogen was available under both con- and heterospecific interactions, as was also found for this species when grown alone. Vicia palaestina also downregulated nitrogen fixation under both con- and heterospecific interactions but did not regulate fixation when grown alone. Our results showed that under nitrogen limitation, interaction with a neighboring plant reduced fitness, reflecting a competitive effect. Our findings suggest that when interacting with other plants, downregulation of nitrogen fixation is more likely, therefore reducing the energetic cost of fixation, and improving plant performance in competitive ecological communities, especially when nitrogen is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rotem Dagan
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Guy Dovrat
- Department of Natural Resources, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Tania Masci
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
| | - Efrat Sheffer
- Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel
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Wanga LA, Indieka AS, Matasyoh JC. Antidermatophytic quinolizidine alkaloids from Calpurnia aurea subsp. aurea (Aiton) Benth. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105698. [PMID: 37802229 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
From the leaves and stem bark of the Kenyan medicinal plant Calpurnia aurea subsp. aurea, four previously undescribed quinolizidine alkaloids namely, 2β-methoxy-13α-O-(2'-pyrrolylcarbonyl) virgiline, 2α-methoxy-13β-O-(2'-pyrrolylcarbonyl) virgiline, 3α-O-angelate-2β-hydroxy-13α-O-(2'-pyrrolylcarbonyl) virgiline, 2,3-dehydro-virgiline were isolated together with four known ones. Structural elucidation of the compounds was based on 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Their relative configurations were determined by NOESY correlations and literature. The quinolizidine alkaloids were tested against Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton benhamiae, Microsporum canis and Nannizzia gypsea, common causative agents of most of the tinea infections in human. All the isolated quinolizidine alkaloids exhibited antidermatophytic activity with MIC ranging from 37.5 μg/ml to 300 μg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Aketch Wanga
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton 20115, Kenya; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton 20115, Kenya; Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig 38124, Germany; Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, VIDENSKA 1083, PRAHA 4, 142 00, Czech Republic
| | - Abwao Stephen Indieka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton 20115, Kenya
| | - Josphat Clement Matasyoh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Egerton University, P.O. Box 536, Egerton 20115, Kenya.
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Lu J, Dreyer I, Dickinson MS, Panzer S, Jaślan D, Navarro-Retamal C, Geiger D, Terpitz U, Becker D, Stroud RM, Marten I, Hedrich R. Vicia faba SV channel VfTPC1 is a hyperexcitable variant of plant vacuole Two Pore Channels. eLife 2023; 12:e86384. [PMID: 37991833 PMCID: PMC10665017 DOI: 10.7554/elife.86384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To fire action-potential-like electrical signals, the vacuole membrane requires the two-pore channel TPC1, formerly called SV channel. The TPC1/SV channel functions as a depolarization-stimulated, non-selective cation channel that is inhibited by luminal Ca2+. In our search for species-dependent functional TPC1 channel variants with different luminal Ca2+ sensitivity, we found in total three acidic residues present in Ca2+ sensor sites 2 and 3 of the Ca2+-sensitive AtTPC1 channel from Arabidopsis thaliana that were neutral in its Vicia faba ortholog and also in those of many other Fabaceae. When expressed in the Arabidopsis AtTPC1-loss-of-function background, wild-type VfTPC1 was hypersensitive to vacuole depolarization and only weakly sensitive to blocking luminal Ca2+. When AtTPC1 was mutated for these VfTPC1-homologous polymorphic residues, two neutral substitutions in Ca2+ sensor site 3 alone were already sufficient for the Arabidopsis At-VfTPC1 channel mutant to gain VfTPC1-like voltage and luminal Ca2+ sensitivity that together rendered vacuoles hyperexcitable. Thus, natural TPC1 channel variants exist in plant families which may fine-tune vacuole excitability and adapt it to environmental settings of the particular ecological niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Lu
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Universidad de Talca, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and ModelingTalcaChile
| | - Miles Sasha Dickinson
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Sabine Panzer
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Department of Biotechnology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Dawid Jaślan
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
- Ludwig Maximilians-Universität, Faculty of Medicine, Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and ToxicologyMunichGermany
| | - Carlos Navarro-Retamal
- Universidad de Talca, Faculty of Engineering, Center of Bioinformatics, Simulation and ModelingTalcaChile
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of MarylandCollege ParkUnited States
| | - Dietmar Geiger
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Ulrich Terpitz
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Theodor-Boveri-Institute, Department of Biotechnology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Dirk Becker
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Robert M Stroud
- University of California San Francisco, Department of Biochemistry and BiophysicsSan FranciscoUnited States
| | - Irene Marten
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Julius-Maximilians-Universität (JMU), Biocenter, Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and BiophysicsWürzburgGermany
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Khalfallah A, Kabouche Z, Kabouche A, Berrehal D, Boutaghane N, Voutquenne-Nazabadioko L. A new acylated flavonol triglycoside and evaluation of the antioxidant activity of Astragalus armatus subsp. numidicus (Murb.) Emb. & Maire. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37950665 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2278761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
A new acylated flavonol triglycoside, quercetin-3-O-(5'-p-hydroxybenzoyl)-β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1→2)[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)]-β-D-galactopyranoside (1), was isolated from the aerial parts of Astragalus armatus subsp. numidicus (Murb.) Emb. & Maire as well as ten known compounds, one phenolic compound, one flavonol-aglycone and eight flavonol-glycosides distributed into two monoglycosides, three diglycosides and three triosides. Their structures were mainly determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR experiments (1H,13C, COSY, HSQC, HMBC). The chloroform, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and hydroethanol extracts were tested for their antioxidant activity using five methods (DPPH, ABTS, Reducing power, CUPRAC and Phenanthroline). The ethyl acetate extract was the most active in CUPRAC (A0.5: 50.28 ± 2.16 µg/mL), ABTS (IC50: 49.73 ± 1.55 µg/mL) and Reducing power (A0.5: 58.13 ± 4.35 µg/mL) assays, whereas the hydroethanol and n-BuOH exhibited the highest activity in the Phenanthroline assay (A0.5: 9.93 ± 0.16) and (A0.5: 10.27 ± 0.44 µg/mL), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assia Khalfallah
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Université -Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
- Département des Sciences et Techniques, Centre universitaire Abdelhafid Boussouf-Mila, Mila, Algeria
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Université -Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ahmed Kabouche
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Université -Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Djemaa Berrehal
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Université -Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
| | - Naima Boutaghane
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Université -Constantine 1, Constantine, Algeria
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29
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Ibarra-Berumen J, Moreno-Eutimio MA, Rosales-Castro M, Ordaz-Pichardo C. Cytotoxic effect and induction of apoptosis in human cervical cancer cells by a wood extract from Prosopis laevigata. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:931-943. [PMID: 35950554 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2109046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer ranks fourth in incidence among women worldwide. Cisplatin is currently the first-line drug of treatment for cervical cancer; however, it causes serious adverse effects. Therefore, it is crucial to explore natural products for cervical cancer treatment. Prosopis laevigata is a medicinal plant frequently used for ophthalmological and gastrointestinal infections. In this study, we used the MTT cell viability assay to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of a wood extract from Prosopis laevigata (Extract T7) in SiHa, HeLa, Ca Ski, and C-33 A cancer cell lines. Phosphatidylserine translocation and cell cycle evaluations were performed to determine the mechanism of cellular death. The extract's safety was evaluated using the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium strains, in vivo acute toxicity assay, and repeated dose toxicity assay in mice. We also identified phenolic compounds of Extract T7 through liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. Naringin, catechin, and eriodictyol demonstrated a higher concentration in Extract T7. Additionally, Extract T7 exhibited a cytotoxic effect against cervical cancer cells, where C-33 A was the most sensitive (IC50= 22.58 ± 1.10 µg/mL and 14.26 ± 1.11 µg/mL at 24 h and 48 h respectively). Extract T7 induced death by apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G2 phase in C-33 A. Extract T7 was not mutagenic. No toxicological effects were observed during acute toxicity and repeated dose toxicity for 28 days. Therefore, further evaluations of Extract T7 should be conducted to identify the complete mechanism of action for potential anti-tumoral activity and safety before conducting studies in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Ibarra-Berumen
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional - Unidad Durango, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Mario Adán Moreno-Eutimio
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Alc. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Martha Rosales-Castro
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Investigación para el Desarrollo Integral Regional - Unidad Durango, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Durango, Dgo, México
| | - Cynthia Ordaz-Pichardo
- Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Alc. Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, México
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Rees M, Neaves LE, Lewis GP, de Lima HC, Gagnon E. Phylogenomic and morphological data reveal hidden patterns of diversity in the national tree of Brazil, Paubrasilia echinata. Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16241. [PMID: 37672601 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Paubrasilia echinata (common names, pau brasil, brazilwood) is the national tree of Brazil and an endangered species endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Over its wide distribution of 2000 km, its leaflets morphology exhibits extensive plasticity. Three morphotypes are commonly identified based on leaf size, but it is unclear if they represent distinct taxa or a single polymorphic species. This study aims to clarify the taxonomic position of the three morphotypes to inform conservation decisions. METHODS A morphometric study of leaf characters of herbarium specimens was coupled with genetic analyses using genotype-by-sequencing data. We used maximum-likelihood and coalescent methods to evaluate the phylogenetic and population structure of the species. We compared these with a morphological dendrogram built from hierarchical clustering. RESULTS Two of the three morphotypes formed separately evolving lineages, the third morphotype formed two geographically separate lineages, and northern trees with intermediate leaf morphology formed a separate fifth lineage. Leaflet size varied by over 35-fold, and although morphological clustering generally matched the genetic patterns, there were some overlaps, highlighting the cryptic diversity within this group. CONCLUSIONS Our genetic and morphological results provide some evidence that cultivated trees from different states in Brazil seem to have a limited genetic origin and do not reflect the broader genetic and geographical diversity of the species. As a result, more care is likely needed to preserve the overall genomic diversity of this endangered and iconic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathew Rees
- Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH5 3LR, UK
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Linda E Neaves
- Tropical Diversity, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH5 3LR, UK
- Fenner School of Environment & Society, Australian National University, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Gwilym P Lewis
- Accelerated Taxonomy Department, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, TW9 3AE, UK
| | - Haroldo C de Lima
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 22460-030, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional da Mata Atlântica/INMA-MCTI, Av. José Ruschi, 4, Centro, Santa Teresa, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Edeline Gagnon
- Chair of Phytopathology, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85352, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
- Department of Integrative BIology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
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Chandra P, Kaleem M, Sachan N, Pathak R, Alanazi AS, Alsaif NA, Alsanea S, Alsuwayt B, Alanazi MM, Kabra A. Gastroprotective evaluation of Medicago sativa L. ( Fabaceae) on diabetic rats. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101815. [PMID: 37860685 PMCID: PMC10582054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional uses for the plant Medicago sativa (M. sativa) (Alfalfa) (Family: Fabaceae) include liver protection, antioxidant activity, and the treatment of bleeding and digestive issues. This study aims to assess the effect of ethanol extract of M. sativa (EEMS) on experimental-induced ulcers in diabetic rats. By pylorus ligation and ethanol administration, gastric ulcers were induced in diabetic rats. Five groups each consisting of six rats in each model were used. All other groups except Group I were made diabetic by giving rats alloxan (140 mg/kg i.p.). Vehicles were given to Group I (normal control) and Group II (diabetes control) rats. Group III (positive control) received ranitidine 50 mg/kg, and Group IV and V received EEMS at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg, respectively. In the pylorus ligation and ethanol-induced stomach ulcer model of rats, the findings demonstrated that EEMS (100 mg/kg) showed a decreased ulcer index of 2.01 ± 0.41 and was found statistically significant against the diabetes control group (p < 0.001) as well as, an ulcer index of 0.68 ± 0.22 by EEMS (400 mg/kg) with a significant reduction in the ulcer index (p < 0.001). EEMS (100 and 400 mg/kg) reduce free acidity by 13.16 ± 0.65 mEq/L and 9.83 ± 0.30 mEq/L, respectively. EEMS also showed a protective impact on the liver and kidneys of diabetic rats. Antihyperglycemic action was also discovered in diabetic animals. The findings of the current investigation demonstrated that ethanolic extract of M. sativa possesses anti-ulcer activity in diabetic rats. Ethanolic extract of M. sativa may be a treatment option for stomach ulcers that also have diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phool Chandra
- Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, U.P. 244001, India
| | - Mohammad Kaleem
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IFTM University, Lodhipur Rajput, Delhi Road (NH-24), Moradabad 244 102, U.P., India
| | - Neetu Sachan
- Maharana Pratap College of Pharmacy, Mandhana, Kanpur 209217, U.P., India
| | - Rashmi Pathak
- Department of Pharmacy, Invertis University, Bareilly 243123, U.P., India
| | - Ashwag S. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawaf A. Alsaif
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sary Alsanea
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bader Alsuwayt
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al-Batin, Hafr Al-Batin 31991, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali 140301, Punjab, India
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Eid MM, Abu-Bakr MS, Abd El-Wahab MF, Ragab EA. Phytoconstituents of two Gleditsia L. species and cytotoxic activity of the isolated curcumin analogues. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37799058 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2258440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Methanolic extracts of Gleditsia triacanthos L. fruits and Gleditsia caspica Desf. leaves yielded two mono-carbonyl curcumin analogues; (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one [1], (1E,4E)-1,5-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)penta-1,4-dien-3-one [2], in addition to β-sitosterol [3], apigenin [4], quercetin-3`-O-methyl ether [5], rutin [6], quercetin [7], naringenin [8], eriodictyol [9], vitexin [10], isovitexin [11], gleditsin A [12]. The isolation of these compounds was reported here for the first time from the named plants. The separation and identification of curcumin analogues from genus Gleditsia in addition to 13C NMR data of compound 2 were reported here for the first time. Compounds 1 and 2 were assayed in two hepatic cancer cells; HepG-2 and Huh-7. Compound 1 showed high cytotoxic activity against HepG-2 with an IC50 value of 14.39 µM, compared with the standard, IC50 = 12.44 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Eid
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa S Abu-Bakr
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F Abd El-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ehab A Ragab
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kuo WH, Small LL, Olsen KM. Variable expression of cyanide detoxification and tolerance genes in cyanogenic and acyanogenic white clover (Trifolium repens). Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16233. [PMID: 37661820 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE β-Cyanoalanine synthase (β-CAS) and alternative oxidase (AOX) play important roles in the ability of plants to detoxify and tolerate hydrogen cyanide (HCN). These functions are critical for all plants because HCN is produced at low levels during basic metabolic processes, and especially for cyanogenic species, which release high levels of HCN following tissue damage. However, expression of β-CAS and Aox genes has not been examined in cyanogenic species, nor compared between cyanogenic and acyanogenic genotypes within a species. METHODS We used a natural polymorphism for cyanogenesis in white clover to examine β-CAS and Aox gene expression in relation to cyanogenesis-associated HCN exposure. We identified all β-CAS and Aox gene copies present in the genome, including members of the Aox1, Aox2a, and Aox2d subfamilies previously reported in legumes. Expression levels were compared between cyanogenic and acyanogenic genotypes and between damaged and undamaged leaf tissue. RESULTS β-CAS and Aox2a expression was differentially elevated in cyanogenic genotypes, and tissue damage was not required to induce this increased expression. Aox2d, in contrast, appeared to be upregulated as a generalized wounding response. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a heightened constitutive role for HCN detoxification (via elevated β-CAS expression) and HCN-toxicity mitigation (via elevated Aox2a expression) in plants that are capable of cyanogenesis. As such, freezing-induced cyanide autotoxicity is unlikely to be the primary selective factor in the evolution of climate-associated cyanogenesis clines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hsi Kuo
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Linda L Small
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Kenneth M Olsen
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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Ni M, Luo H, Xu H, Chu C, Fang S. High temperature can improve the performance of invasive plants by facilitating root growth. Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16227. [PMID: 37561668 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The ever-increasing temperatures of the Anthropocene may facilitate plant invasions. To date, studies of temperature effects on alien plants have mainly focused on aboveground plant traits but ignored belowground traits, which may confound predictions of plant invasion risks. METHODS The temperature effects on the root growth dynamics of two alien shrubs, invasive Mimosa sepiaria and naturalized Corchorus capsulari, were studied using a 3D, transparent growth system under five temperature treatments (day/night: 18°C/13°C to 34°C/29°C) that cover the present and future warming temperature scenarios in China. We measured root depth and width growth in response to temperature treatments over 84 days. We also investigated intra- and interspecific competition of paired plants of the two species grown together at the five temperatures. RESULTS Shoot growth of M. sepiaria and C. capsularis was optimal at the mid-range temperature. Root growth, however, was faster at the highest temperature (34°C/29°C) for M. sepiaria, but decreased for C. capsularis as temperatures increased. Root depth growth was more sensitive than root width for both species during neighbor competition. Compared to C. capsularis, M. sepiaria had relatively greater advantage during intra- and interspecific competition with increasing temperature, possibly because of its better root growth at high temperatures. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that temperature increases can improve the performance of some alien plants by facilitating width and depth growth of their roots. This enhancement requires serious attention when managing and predicting invasion risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Luo
- Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Han Xu
- Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengjin Chu
- Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suqin Fang
- Department of Ecology, State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Ter Steege H, Fortes EA, Rozendaal DMA, Erkens RHJ, Sabatier D, Aymard G, Duijm E, Eurlings M, Grewe F, Pombo MM, Gomes VF, de Mansano VF, de Oliveira SM. Molecular phylogeny and evolution of inflorescence types in Eperua. Am J Bot 2023; 110:e16229. [PMID: 37661805 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The Amazonian hyperdominant genus Eperua (Fabaceae) currently holds 20 described species and has two strongly different inflorescence and flower types, with corresponding different pollination syndrome. The evolution of these vastly different inflorescence types within this genus was unknown and the main topic in this study. METHODS We constructed a molecular phylogeny, based on the full nuclear ribosomal DNA and partial plastome, using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods, to test whether the genus is monophyletic, whether all species are monophyletic and if the shift from bat to bee pollination (or vice versa) occurred once in this genus. RESULTS All but two species are well supported by the nuclear ribosomal phylogeny. The plastome phylogeny, however, shows a strong geographic signal suggesting strong local hybridization or chloroplast capture, rendering chloroplast barcodes meaningless in this genus. CONCLUSIONS With our data, we cannot fully resolve the backbone of the tree to clarify sister genera relationships and confirm monophyly of the genus Eperua. Within the genus, the shift from bat to bee and bee to bat pollination has occurred several times but, with the bee to bat not always leading to a pendant inflorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Ter Steege
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Quantitative Biodiversity Dynamics, Dept. of Biology, Utrecht, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Elenice A Fortes
- Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Danaë M A Rozendaal
- Plant Production Systems Group, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, Wageningen, 6700 AK, the Netherlands
- Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, Wageningen, 6700 AK, the Netherlands
| | - Roy H J Erkens
- Maastricht Science Programme, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616. 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Sabatier
- AMAP, IRD, Cirad, CNRS, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, F-34398, France
| | - Gerardo Aymard
- UNELLEZ-Guanare, Programa de Ciencias del Agro y del Mar, Herbario Universitario (PORT), Mesa de Cavacas, estado Portuguesa, 3350, Venezuela
- Compensation International Progress S.A. Ciprogress-Greenlife, Bogotá D.C., Colombia
| | - Elza Duijm
- Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Felix Grewe
- Grainger Bioinformatics Center, Field Museum, 1400 S. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, 60605-2496, IL, USA
| | - Maihyra M Pombo
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia - INPA, Av. André Araújo, 2936, Manaus, 69067-375, AM, Brazil
| | - Vitor F Gomes
- Escola de Negócios Tecnologia e Inovação, Centro Universitário do Pará, Belém, PA, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Pará, Rua Augusto Corrêa 01, Belém, 66075-110, PA, Brazil
| | - Vidal F de Mansano
- Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Rio de Janeiro, 22460-030, RJ, Brazil
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Isah M, Murtala S, Abdullahi SM, Hamza AN, Tajuddeen N, Dauda ML, Mzozoyana V, Musa AM. A bioactive chalcone from the aerial parts of Indigofera conferta Gillet. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:3631-3638. [PMID: 35848389 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2098493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Ethnobotanical information indicates that Indigofera conferta is used in northern Nigeria for the management of poisonous snakebites and the methanol extract was previously reported to have antivenin activity. In this study, we report the isolation of an oxyprenylated bioactive secondary metabolite; 2',4'- dihydroxy-4-prenyloxychalcone from the chloroform fraction of the aerial parts of the plant's methanol extract and the in vivo evaluation of the compound against Naja nigricollis venom. The compound has demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) and dose-dependent antivenin activity against LD99 Naja nigricollis venom. At a dose of 10 mg/kg, the compound protected 60% of the animals tested from death. The observed activity lends credence to the traditional use of the plant in the management of snake bites in northern Nigeria. The compound, 2',4'- dihydroxy-4-prenyloxychalcone, could also serve as a lead in the development of novel antisnake venom agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Isah
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Salima Murtala
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Sakynah Musa Abdullahi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Asmau Nasiru Hamza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Nasir Tajuddeen
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | - Vuyisa Mzozoyana
- School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban, South Africa
| | - Aliyu Muhammad Musa
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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Guedes-Oliveira R, Fortuna-Perez AP, Pederneiras LC, Mansano VDF. Erythrina L. (Phaseoleae, Papilionoideae, Leguminosae) of Brazil: an updated nomenclatural treatment with notes on etymology and vernacular names. PhytoKeys 2023; 232:1-43. [PMID: 37705963 PMCID: PMC10495828 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.232.101105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Erythrina L. is a genus that comprises ca. 120 to 130 species distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics of the world. Linnaeus established the genus in Genera Plantarum (1737) and the first binomial name given to a Brazilian Erythrina was E.crista-galli L., described by himself in Mantissa Plantarum (1767). Vellozo proposed in Florae Fluminensis (1790-1881) the first treatment of the genus in Brazil, where he treated three species from the states of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo. Martins and Tozzi proposed the most recent treatment in 2018, where the authors recognized 11 valid names and presented three new synonyms. Despite extensive efforts already made in the genus, previous works did not treat all names related to the valid ones for Brazilian Erythrina. The present work is the most comprehensive and up-to-date nomenclatural treatment for the genus in Brazil, covering all 84 related names found on digital nomenclatural databases. Here we analyze 64 protologues, update typification statuses, propose five new synonyms, 13 new lectotypes (11 first-step, two second-step) and one neotype, linking all protologues and type specimens with their corresponding available digital sources, and make additional notes on etymology and vernacular names.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Guedes-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical (ENBT), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), 22460-036, Horto, Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, BrazilPrograma de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical (ENBT), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ)Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Ana Paula Fortuna-Perez
- Departamento de Biodiversidade e Bioestatística, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, (IBB), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 18618–970, Botucatu, State of São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)BotucatuBrazil
| | - Leandro Cardoso Pederneiras
- Diretoria de Pesquisas (Dipeq), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), 22460-030, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDiretoria de Pesquisas (Dipeq), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ)Rio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - Vidal de Freitas Mansano
- Diretoria de Pesquisas (Dipeq), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ), 22460-030, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro, BrazilDiretoria de Pesquisas (Dipeq), Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ)Rio de JaneiroBrazil
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Amin HIM, Abdoulrahman K, Sadraddin AS, Smail HA, Jawhar ZH, Dilawer Issa K, Armijos C, Vidari G. Chemical Composition and In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Effects of Volatile Oils Hydrodistilled from Onobrychis carduchorum C.C. Towns., a Kurdish Traditional Plant. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3013. [PMID: 37631224 PMCID: PMC10458915 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The volatile oils hydrodistilled from the aerial parts and roots of O. carduchorum C.C Towns. (Fabaceae) have been chemically characterized for the first time. A total of 43 constituents with an abundance >0.03% were identified and quantified in the two oils by GC/MS and GC/FID analyses. They comprise 38 components (98.58%) of the oil isolated from the aerial parts (OCA) and 34 components (93.33%) of the oil from the roots (OCR). Six constituents, α-pinene (23.11 ± 0.1%), β-elemene (17.33 ± 0.1%), 1,8-cineole (12.15 ± 0.2%), furfural (7.91 ± 0.1%), terpineol-4-ol (6.32 ± 0.2%), and limonene (4.13 ± 0.1%), accounted for about 75% of the total OCA oil. On the other hand, 1,8-cineole (15.79 ± 0.1%), furfural (10.44 ± 0.1%), β-elemene (10.14 ± 0.2%), α-terpineol (7.74 ± 0.1%), linalool (7.45 ± 0.1%), and α-pinene (4.76 ± 0.1%) made up about 60% of the OCR oil. The IC50 values of the scavenging activities of the OCA and OCR oils towards the DPPH radical and H2O2 were 79.8 ± 0.5 and 153.3 ± 0.6 μg/mL and 394.09 ± 0.2 and 311.67 ± 0.4 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, in the MTS assay, the OCA and OCR oils showed significant antiproliferative effects against T47D, MDA-MB-453, BG-1, and A549 human cancer cells that were more powerful than those against two normal human cell lines, HEK-293 and HFF-1. The abundant presence of β-elemene as an antiproliferative component of the two oils suggested the existence of a new chemotype of O. carduchorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (K.A.); (H.A.S.)
- Department of Medical Biochemical Analysis, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Kamaran Abdoulrahman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (K.A.); (H.A.S.)
| | - Azad S. Sadraddin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | - Heman A. Smail
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (K.A.); (H.A.S.)
| | - Zanko Hassan Jawhar
- Department of Science, College of Health Science, Lebanese French University, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
| | - Kovan Dilawer Issa
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (K.D.I.); (G.V.)
| | - Chabaco Armijos
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja (UTPL), Loja 1101608, Ecuador;
| | - Giovanni Vidari
- Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq; (K.D.I.); (G.V.)
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Via Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Petrushin IS, Vasilev IA, Markova YA. Drought Tolerance of Legumes: Physiology and the Role of the Microbiome. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6311-6324. [PMID: 37623217 PMCID: PMC10453936 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Water scarcity and global warming make drought-tolerant plant species more in-demand than ever. The most drastic damage exerted by drought occurs during the critical growth stages of seed development and reproduction. In the course of their evolution, plants form a variety of drought-tolerance mechanisms, including recruiting beneficial microorganisms. Legumes (one of the three largest groups of higher plants) have unique features and the potential to adapt to abiotic stress. The available literature discusses the genetic (breeding) and physiological aspects of drought tolerance in legumes, neglecting the role of the microbiome. Our review aims to fill this gap: starting with the physiological mechanisms of legume drought adaptation, we describe the symbiotic relationship of the plant host with the microbial community and its role in facing drought. We consider two types of studies related to microbiomes in low-water conditions: comparisons and microbiome engineering (modulation). The first type of research includes diversity shifts and the isolation of microorganisms from the various plant niches to which they belong. The second type focuses on manipulating the plant holobiont through microbiome engineering-a promising biotech strategy to improve the yield and stress-resistance of legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan S. Petrushin
- Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk 664033, Russia; (I.A.V.); (Y.A.M.)
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de Koning R, Wils GE, Kiekens R, De Vuyst L, Angenon G. Impact of drought and salt stress on galactinol and raffinose family oligosaccharides in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris). AoB Plants 2023; 15:plad038. [PMID: 37426172 PMCID: PMC10327629 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to climate change, farmers will face more extreme weather conditions and hence will need crops that are better adapted to these challenges. The raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) could play a role in the tolerance of crops towards abiotic stress. To investigate this, we determined for the first time the importance of galactinol and RFOs in the roots and leaves of common bean under drought and salt stress conditions. Initially, the physiological characteristics of common bean under agronomically relevant abiotic stress conditions were investigated by measuring the growth rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll concentration and membrane stability, allowing to establish relevant sampling points. Subsequently, the differential gene expression profiles of the galactinol and RFO biosynthetic genes and the amount of galactinol and RFO molecules were measured in the primary leaves and roots of Phaseolus vulgaris cv. CIAP7247F at these sampling points, using RT-qPCR and HPAEC-PAD, respectively. Under drought stress, the genes galactinol synthase 1, galactinol synthase 3 and stachyose synthase were significantly upregulated in the leaves and had a high transcript level in comparison with the other galactinol and RFO biosynthetic genes. This was in accordance with the significantly higher amount of galactinol and raffinose detected in the leaves. Under salt stress, raffinose was also present in a significantly higher quantity in the leaves. In the roots, transcript levels of the RFO biosynthetic genes were generally low and no galactinol, raffinose or stachyose could be detected. These results suggest that in the leaves, both galactinol and raffinose could play a role in the protection of common bean against abiotic stresses. Especially, the isoform galactinol synthase 3 could have a specific role during drought stress and forms an interesting candidate to improve the abiotic stress resistance of common bean or other plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon de Koning
- Research Group of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Gertjan E Wils
- Research Group of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Raphaël Kiekens
- Research Group of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Luc De Vuyst
- Research Group of Industrial Microbiology and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Geert Angenon
- Research Group of Plant Genetics, Faculty of Sciences and Bioengineering Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, Brussels, Belgium
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Pimentel FC, Alves CCF, Forim MR, Matos AP, Cunha GOS, Cazal CDM. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil from the Hymenaea stigonocarpa Mart. Ex Hayne (jatobá-do-cerrado) fruit peel. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-5. [PMID: 37328943 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2225123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the chemical composition and the antifungal activity of the essential oil extracted from the Hymenaea stigonocarpa fruit peel (HSFPEO) against Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Aspergillus flavus and Colletotrichum truncatum. The HSFPEO obtained through hydrodistillation was analyzed with gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The antifungal activity was determined by the mean mycelial growth inhibition of the fungus treated with essential oils and growth control. The major constituents of HSFPEO were spathulenol (25.19%) and caryophyllene oxide (13.33%). HSFPEO demonstrated antifungal activity against all fungi tested in all concentrations evaluated in a dose-dependent behavior. The best results were observed against B. cinerea and A. flavus, in which the lowest concentration tested inhibited more than 70% of mycelial growth. Based on the current knowledge, this study describes for the first time the chemical composition and the antifungal activity of HSFPEO against the phytopathogenic fungi B. cinerea and C. truncatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Campos Pimentel
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano - Campus Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Cristiane de Melo Cazal
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Sudeste de Minas Gerais - Campus Barbacena, Barbacena, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Hu YJ, Lan Q, Su BJ, Liang D. Phanerosides A-X, Phenylpropanoid Esters of Sucrose from the Rattans of Phanera championii Benth. Molecules 2023; 28:4767. [PMID: 37375320 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Twenty-four new phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose, phanerosides A-X (1-24), were isolated from an EtOH extract of the rattans of Phanera championii Benth. (Fabaceae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of comprehensive spectroscopic data analysis. A wide range of structural analogues were presented due to the different numbers and positions of acetyl substituents and the structures of phenylpropanoid moieties. Phenylpropanoid esters of sucrose were isolated from the Fabaceae family for the first time. Biologically, the inhibitory effects of compounds 6 and 21 on NO production in LPS-induced BV-2 microglial cells were better than that of the positive control, with IC50 values of 6.7 and 5.2 μM, respectively. The antioxidant activity assay showed that compounds 5, 15, 17, and 24 displayed moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity, with IC50 values ranging from 34.9 to 43.9 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Jie Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Qian Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Bao-Jun Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Dong Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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Voronezhskaya V, Volkova P, Bitarishvili S, Shesterikova E, Podlutskii M, Clement G, Meyer C, Duarte GT, Kudin M, Garbaruk D, Turchin L, Kazakova E. Multi-Omics Analysis of Vicia cracca Responses to Chronic Radiation Exposure in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2318. [PMID: 37375943 DOI: 10.3390/plants12122318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the long-term consequences of chronic ionising radiation for living organisms remains scarce. Modern molecular biology techniques are helpful tools for researching pollutant effects on biota. To reveal the molecular phenotype of plants growing under chronic radiation exposure, we sampled Vicia cracca L. plants in the Chernobyl exclusion zone and areas with normal radiation backgrounds. We performed a detailed analysis of soil and gene expression patterns and conducted coordinated multi-omics analyses of plant samples, including transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics. Plants growing under chronic radiation exposure showed complex and multidirectional biological effects, including significant alterations in the metabolism and gene expression patterns of irradiated plants. We revealed profound changes in carbon metabolism, nitrogen reallocation, and photosynthesis. These plants showed signs of DNA damage, redox imbalance, and stress responses. The upregulation of histones, chaperones, peroxidases, and secondary metabolism was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gilles Clement
- Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | - Christian Meyer
- Institute Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France
| | | | - Maksim Kudin
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618 Khoiniki, Belarus
| | - Dmitrii Garbaruk
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618 Khoiniki, Belarus
| | - Larisa Turchin
- Polesye State Radiation-Ecological Reserve, 247618 Khoiniki, Belarus
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Monteoliva MI, Ruiz OA, Li F. Editorial: Legumes and their microbiome in climate change mitigation. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1220535. [PMID: 37377800 PMCID: PMC10291733 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariela I. Monteoliva
- Instituto de Fisiología y Recursos genéticos Vegetales, Unidad de Estudios Agropecuarios (IFRGV-UDEA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Concejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Católica de Córdoba (UCC), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Oscar A. Ruiz
- Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), San Martín, Argentina
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (INTECH), CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Fadong Li
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cortes-Morales JA, Zamilpa A, Salinas-Sánchez DO, González-Cortazar M, Tapia-Maruri D, Gives PMD, Rivas-González JM, Olmedo-Juárez A. In vitro ovicidal effect of p-coumaric acid from Acacia bilimekii aerial parts against Haemonchus contortus. Vet Parasitol 2023; 320:109971. [PMID: 37331171 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2023.109971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Acacia bilimekii is a plant with a high content of protein, fibre, and condensed tannins, making it an excellent feed for small ruminants with anthelmintic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the ovicidal activity of a hydroalcoholic extract (Ab-HA) and fractions from A. bilimekii aerial parts on Haemonchus contortus. The ovicidal activity of the Ab-HA extract and its fractions obtained by chromatographic fractionation were evaluated through the egg hatching inhibition (EHI) test. The results showed that the Ab-HA extract had 91% EHI at 20,000 µg/mL with a mean effective concentration (EC50) of 9260 µg/mL. After liquid-liquid fractionation of Ab-HA extract, the aqueous fraction (Ab-Aq) did not show ovicidal activity, whereas the organic fraction (Ab-EtOAc) showed a better EHI than the Ab-HA extract (98.9% at 2500 µg/mL). Then, the chemical fractionation of Ab-EtOAc allowed obtaining six bioactive fractions (AbR12-17) with an EHI greater than 90% at 1500 µg/mL. The best treatment was AbR15 (98.7% EHI at 750 µg/mL). Chemical analysis by HPLC-PDA of AbR15 indicated the presence of p-coumaric acid and the flavone luteolin as major compounds. Additionally, the commercial p-coumaric acid standard was evaluated in the EHI assay and showed an EHI of 97% at 62.5 µg/mL. Meanwhile, the confocal laser scanning microscopy analysis demonstrated a colocalization effect between p-coumaric acid and the H. contortus embryonated eggs. These results indicate that due to their major chemical compounds (including p-coumaric acid), the aerial parts of the plant A. bilimekii, could be considered as natural potential tool for controlling haemonchosis in small ruminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Cortes-Morales
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Productos Naturales del Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Zamilpa
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1. Col. Centro., C.P. 62790 Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico.
| | - David O Salinas-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Productos Naturales del Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Manasés González-Cortazar
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Argentina No. 1. Col. Centro., C.P. 62790 Xochitepec, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Daniel Tapia-Maruri
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, PO Box 24, Yautepec, Morelos C.P. 62730, Mexico
| | - Pedro Mendoza-de Gives
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID SAI-INIFAP), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534 / Col. Progreso., C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Morelos / A.P. 206-CIVAC, Mexico
| | - Juan M Rivas-González
- Escuela de Estudios Superiores del Jicarero. Carretera Galeana, Tequesquitengo s/n, Comunidad El Jicarero, Jojutla, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Agustín Olmedo-Juárez
- Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Salud Animal e Inocuidad (CENID SAI-INIFAP), Carretera Federal Cuernavaca-Cuautla No. 8534 / Col. Progreso., C.P. 62574 Jiutepec, Morelos / A.P. 206-CIVAC, Mexico.
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Farazmand T, Mansouri F, Koohestanidehaghi Y, Shahandeh E. Human sperm parameter improvement associated with Ceratonia siliqua extract as a cryopreservation supplement after vitrification. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2023; 50:86-93. [PMID: 37258101 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2022.05554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Given the destructive effects of oxidative stress on sperm structure, this study was conducted to investigate the antioxidant effects of different concentrations of Ceratonia siliqua plant extract on human sperm parameters after the freezing-thawing process. METHODS A total of 20 normozoospermic samples were frozen. Each sample was divided into two control groups (fresh and cryopreservation) and three cryopreservation experimental groups (containing C. siliqua extract at concentrations of 20, 30, and 40 μg/mL in the freezing extender). Motility, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), plasma membrane integrity (PMI), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), viability, and acrosome reaction parameters were evaluated. RESULTS Statistical analysis showed that the highest motility, viability, and PMI were associated with the 20 μg/mL concentration of C. siliqua extract. At all concentrations, intracellular ROS levels were significantly lower and the levels of MMP and the acrosome reaction were significantly higher than in the cryopreservation control group (p≤0.05). CONCLUSION C. siliqua extract supplements at concentrations of 20, 30, and 40 μg/mL improved sperm motility, viability, PMI, MMP, intracellular ROS, and the acrosome reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tooba Farazmand
- Department of Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mansouri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Koohestanidehaghi
- Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Yazd Reproductive Sciences Institute, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Erfan Shahandeh
- Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University of Hamedan, Hamedan, Iran
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Chalo DM, Franke K, Nchiozem-Ngnitedem VA, Kakudidi E, Origa-Oryem H, Namukobe J, Kloss F, Yenesew A, Wessjohann LA. Prenylated Isoflavanones with Antimicrobial Potential from the Root Bark of Dalbergia melanoxylon. Metabolites 2023; 13:678. [PMID: 37367838 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr (Fabaceae) is widely utilized in the traditional medicine of East Africa, showing effects against a variety of ailments including microbial infections. Phytochemical investigation of the root bark led to the isolation of six previously undescribed prenylated isoflavanones together with eight known secondary metabolites comprising isoflavanoids, neoflavones and an alkyl hydroxylcinnamate. Structures were elucidated based on HR-ESI-MS, 1- and 2-D NMR and ECD spectra. The crude extract and the isolated compounds of D. melanoxylon were tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic and cytotoxic properties, applying established model organisms non-pathogenic to humans. The crude extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (97% inhibition at 50 μg/mL) and antifungal activity against the phytopathogens Phytophthora infestans, Botrytis cinerea and Septoria tritici (96, 89 and 73% at 125 μg/mL, respectively). Among the pure compounds tested, kenusanone H and (3R)-tomentosanol B exhibited, in a panel of partially human pathogenic bacteria and fungi, promising antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Mycobacterium showing MIC values between 0.8 and 6.2 μg/mL. The observed biological effects support the traditional use of D. melanoxylon and warrant detailed investigations of its prenylated isoflavanones as antibacterial lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duncan Mutiso Chalo
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Biology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-0100, Kenya
| | - Katrin Franke
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Esezah Kakudidi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda
| | - Hannington Origa-Oryem
- Department of Plant Sciences, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda
| | - Jane Namukobe
- Department of Chemistry, Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda
| | - Florian Kloss
- Transfer Group Anti-Infectives, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Leibniz-HKI, Beutenbergstr. 11a, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Abiy Yenesew
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi, Nairobi P.O. Box 30197-0100, Kenya
| | - Ludger A Wessjohann
- Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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Karczyński P, Orłowska A, Kępczyńska E. Two Medicago truncatula growth-promoting rhizobacteria capable of limiting in vitro growth of the Fusarium soil-borne pathogens modulate defense genes expression. Planta 2023; 257:118. [PMID: 37173556 PMCID: PMC10181981 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04145-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION PGPRs: P. fluorescens Ms9N and S. maltophilia Ll4 inhibit in vitro growth of three legume fungal pathogens from the genus Fusarium. One or both trigger up-regulation of some genes (CHIT, GLU, PAL, MYB, WRKY) in M. truncatula roots and leaves in response to soil inoculation. Pseudomonas fluorescens (referred to as Ms9N; GenBank accession No. MF618323, not showing chitinase activity) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (Ll4; GenBank accession No. MF624721, showing chitinase activity), previously identified as promoting growth rhizobacteria of Medicago truncatula, were found, during an in vitro experiment, to exert an inhibitory effect on three soil-borne fungi: Fusarium culmorum Cul-3, F. oxysporum 857 and F. oxysporum f. sp. medicaginis strain CBS 179.29, responsible for serious diseases of most legumes including M. truncatula. S. maltophilia was more active than P. fluorescens in suppressing the mycelium growth of two out of three Fusarium strains. Both bacteria showed β-1,3-glucanase activity which was about 5 times higher in P. fluorescens than in S. maltophilia. Upon soil treatment with a bacterial suspension, both bacteria, but particularly S. maltophilia, brought about up-regulation of plant genes encoding chitinases (MtCHITII, MtCHITIV, MtCHITV), glucanases (MtGLU) and phenylalanine ammonia lyases (MtPAL2, MtPAL4, MtPAL5). Moreover, the bacteria up-regulate some genes from the MYB (MtMYB74, MtMYB102) and WRKY (MtWRKY6, MtWRKY29, MtWRKY53, MtWRKY70) families which encode TFs in M. truncatula roots and leaves playing multiple roles in plants, including a defense response. The effect depended on the bacterium species and the plant organ. This study provides novel information about effects of two M. truncatula growth-promoting rhizobacteria strains and suggests that both have a potential to be candidates for PGPR inoculant products on account of their ability to inhibit in vitro growth of Fusarium directly and indirectly by up-regulation of some defense priming markers such as CHIT, GLU and PAL genes in plants. This is also the first study of the expression of some MYB and WRKY genes in roots and leaves of M. truncatula upon soil treatment with two PGPR suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Karczyński
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Orłowska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Kępczyńska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, Wąska 13, 71-415, Szczecin, Poland.
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49
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Grygier A, Chakradhari S, Ratusz K, Rudzińska M, Patel KS, Lazdiņa D, Segliņa D, Górnaś P. Evaluation of Selected Medicinal, Timber and Ornamental Legume Species' Seed Oils as Sources of Bioactive Lipophilic Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103994. [PMID: 37241735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipophilic compounds were investigated in 14 leguminous tree species of timber, agroforestry, medicinal or ornamental use but little industrial significance to elucidate their potential in food additive and supplement production. The tree species investigated were: Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia concinna, Albizia lebbeck, Albizia odoratissima, Bauhinia racemosa, Cassia fistula, Dalbergia latifolia, Delonix regia, Entada phaseoloides, Hardwickia binata, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Senegalia catechu, Sesbania sesban and Vachellia nilotica. The hexane-extracted oils of ripe seeds were chromatographically analysed for their fatty acid composition (GC-MS), tocochromanol (RP-HPLC/FLD), squalene and sterol (GC-FID) content. A spectrophotometrical method was used to determine total carotenoid content. The results showed generally low oil yield (1.75-17.53%); the highest was from H. binata. Linoleic acid constituted the largest proportion in all samples (40.78 to 62.28% of total fatty acids), followed by oleic (14.57-34.30%) and palmitic (5.14-23.04%) acid. The total tocochromanol content ranged from 100.3 to 367.6 mg 100 g-1 oil. D. regia was the richest and the only to contain significant amount of tocotrienols while other oils contained almost exclusively tocopherols, dominated by either α-tocopherol or γ-tocopherol. The total carotenoid content was highest in A. auriculiformis (23.77 mg 100 g-1), S. sesban (23.57 mg 100 g-1) and A. odoratissima (20.37 mg 100 g-1), and ranged from 0.7 to 23.7 mg 100 g-1 oil. The total sterol content ranged from 240.84 to 2543 mg 100 g-1; A. concinna seed oil was the richest by a wide margin; however, its oil yield was very low (1.75%). Either β-sitosterol or Δ5-stigmasterol dominated the sterol fraction. Only C. fistula oil contained a significant amount of squalene (303.1 mg 100 g-1) but was limited by the low oil yield as an industrial source of squalene. In conclusion, A. auriculiformis seeds may hold potential for the production of carotenoid-rich oil, and H. binata seed oil has relatively high yield and tocopherol content, marking it as a potential source of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Suryakant Chakradhari
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, CG, India
| | - Katarzyna Ratusz
- Division of Fats and Oils Technology, Department of Food Technology, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- Department of Applied Sciences, Amity University, State Highway 9, Raipur Baloda-Bazar Road, Tilda, Raipur 493225, CG, India
| | - Danija Lazdiņa
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
| | - Dalija Segliņa
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
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50
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Zwirchmayr J, Schachner D, Grienke U, Rudžionytė I, de Martin R, Dirsch VM, Rollinger JM. Biochemometry identifies suppressors of pro-inflammatory gene expression in Pterocarpus santalinus heartwood. Phytochemistry 2023; 212:113709. [PMID: 37150433 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2023.113709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The heartwood extract of the Ayurvedic medicinal plant Pterocarpus santalinus L. f. Has previously been shown to significantly suppress the expression of CX3CL1 and other pro-inflammatory molecules in IL-1-stimulated human endothelial cells. Here, we identify the pigment-depleted extract PSD as the most promising yet still complex source of metabolites acting as an inhibitor of CX3CL1 gene expression. For the target-oriented identification of the constituents contributing to the observed in vitro anti-inflammatory effect of PSD, the biochemometric approach ELINA (Eliciting Nature's Activities) was applied. ELINA relies on the deconvolution of complex mixtures by generating microfractions with quantitative variances of constituents over several consecutive fractions. Therefore, PSD was separated into 35 microfractions by means of flash chromatography. Their 1H NMR data and bioactivity data were correlated by heterocovariance analysis. Complemented by LC-MS-ELSD data, ELINA differentiated between constituents with positive and detrimental effects towards activity and allowed for the prioritization of compounds to be isolated in the early steps of phytochemical investigation. A hyphenated high-performance counter-current chromatographic device (HPCCC+) was employed for efficient and targeted isolation of bioactive constituents. A total of 15 metabolites were isolated, including four previously unreported constituents and nine that have never been described before from red sandalwood. Nine isolates were probed for their inhibitory effects on CX3CL1 gene expression, of which four isoflavonoids, namely pterosonin A (1), santal (6), 7,3'-dimethylorobol (12) and the previously unreported compound pterosantalin A (2), were identified as pronounced inhibitors of CX3CL1 gene expression in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Zwirchmayr
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniel Schachner
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike Grienke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ieva Rudžionytė
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer de Martin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Schwarzspanierstraße 17, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena M Dirsch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Judith M Rollinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Josef-Holaubek-Platz 2, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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