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Cais-Sokolińska D, Bielska P, Rudzińska M, Grygier A. Water thermodynamics and lipid oxidation in stored whey butter. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1903-1915. [PMID: 37923208 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Whey butter is the result of the rational use of the whey component, which is cream whey. It is an alternative to milk cream butter. The aim of the presented study was to analyze the effect of storage conditions on water thermodynamics and cholesterol oxidation products as reliable markers of quality and safety. After 4 mo of storage, the water loss (at 3°C and 13°C) and water activity in whey butter (only at 13°C) were reduced. Three-factorial ANOVA showed that the value of water activity was independent of the type of butter in interaction with the storage temperature. The duration of the translational movement of water molecules from the inside of whey butter was definitely longer than in butter and shortened with storage time. This was in contrast to butter. For whey butter stored at 13°C, the kinetics of the movement of water molecules was at the highest speed. In the case of whey butter and butter, the higher storage temperature almost doubled the gloss. Increasing the temperature to 13°C resulted in different yellowness index, chroma, and browning index between whey butter and butter. There were no statistically significant differences in the percentage of fatty acids and triacylglycerols in whey butter and milk cream butter during storage. In whey butter, compared with butter, the cholesterol content was higher, but the amount of cholesterol oxidation products was smaller. However, in whey butter, these amounts increased significantly. The presence of epoxides and their transformation products (i.e., triol cholesterol) was found in storage whey butter.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cais-Sokolińska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - P Bielska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - M Rudzińska
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - A Grygier
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
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2
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Składanowska-Baryza J, Kmiecik D, Rudzińska M, Vissio A, Grygier A, Ludwiczak A, Stanisz M. Higher Oxygen Content Affects Rabbit Meat's Quality and Fatty Acid Profile in a Modified Atmosphere. Int J Food Sci 2024; 2024:9486285. [PMID: 38380345 PMCID: PMC10878750 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9486285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
After 7 days of storage, the quality of the meat packed in both systems (MAP and VAC) was satisfactory; however, after 14 and 21 days, there was a noticeable decline in quality, as evidenced by changes in the water percentage and color parameters (L∗, a∗, and b∗). However, muscles stored in the MAP1 had the highest tenderness. The results indicated that as the storage time increased (up to 21 days), the share of C14:0 (P < 0.001) and C16:0 (P < 0.001) acids in the fat of the LTL muscles decreased. Only the share of C18:0 (P = 0.001) and C20:1 (P = 0.015) acids was significantly influenced by the packaging method. The highest iodine level was found in MAP1 21 days after packaging (85.68). The ratio of n-6/n-3, PUFA/SFA, AI, and TI indexes, which indicate a higher nutritional quality of fat, varied only with storage time without being affected by the gas mixture (P > 0.05). The H/H level differed significantly with the storage time (P < 0.001), with no effect of the gas mixture (P = 0.133). After the 21-day storage period, the controlled atmosphere led to an increase in the concentration of MUFA and PUFA and a decrease in SFA, according to the study of the fatty acid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Składanowska-Baryza
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Złotniki, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland
| | - Dominik Kmiecik
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-634 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-634 Poznan, Poland
| | - Annalisa Vissio
- Department of Agricultural, Forest and Food Science, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Anna Grygier
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-634 Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ludwiczak
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Złotniki, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland
| | - Marek Stanisz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Product Quality Assessment, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Złotniki, Słoneczna 1, 62-002 Suchy Las, Poland
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3
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Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Olejnik A, Kowalska K, Kmiecik D, Chojnacka A, Gładkowski W, Grudniewska A, Przybylski R. Heating and storage of structured acylglycerols with succinyl-linked stigmasterol residue does not cause negative chemical or biological changes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:21375. [PMID: 38049600 PMCID: PMC10695919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48444-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Four structured acylglycerols with stigmasterol bonded by a succinyl linker were investigated and their stability were analyzed. Samples were heated to 60 °C and kept at that temperature to simulate storage, and to 180 °C to simulate frying conditions. The degradation of the synthesized compounds and formed derivatives was determined, and their cytotoxicity and genotoxicity on normal human cells from the digestive system was determined. Holding at 180 °C resulted in greater degradation of the compounds than holding at 60 °C. The most stable compound in each sample proved to be one with oleic acid in its structure-1,3-dioleoyl-2-stigmasterylsuccinoyl-sn-glycerol (DO2SSt) at 60 °C and 1,2-dioleoyl-3-stigmasterylsuccinoyl-sn-glycerol (DO3SSt) at 180 °C. These results indicate that the type of fatty acid in the molecule is more important than its position in the glycerol structure. None of the diacylmonostigmasterylsuccinoyl-sn-glycerols (DASStGs) before or after heating exhibited cytotoxic or genotoxic potential to small intestine and colon mucosa cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland.
| | - A Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - A Olejnik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - K Kowalska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - D Kmiecik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, Poland
| | - A Chojnacka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - W Gładkowski
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Grudniewska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, Poland
| | - R Przybylski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB, T1K 3M4, Canada
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Grygier A, Chakradhari S, Ratusz K, Rudzińska M, Patel KS, Lazdiņa D, Segliņa D, Górnaś P. Evaluation of Selected Medicinal, Timber and Ornamental Legume Species' Seed Oils as Sources of Bioactive Lipophilic Compounds. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28103994. [PMID: 37241735 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28103994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive lipophilic compounds were investigated in 14 leguminous tree species of timber, agroforestry, medicinal or ornamental use but little industrial significance to elucidate their potential in food additive and supplement production. The tree species investigated were: Acacia auriculiformis, Acacia concinna, Albizia lebbeck, Albizia odoratissima, Bauhinia racemosa, Cassia fistula, Dalbergia latifolia, Delonix regia, Entada phaseoloides, Hardwickia binata, Peltophorum pterocarpum, Senegalia catechu, Sesbania sesban and Vachellia nilotica. The hexane-extracted oils of ripe seeds were chromatographically analysed for their fatty acid composition (GC-MS), tocochromanol (RP-HPLC/FLD), squalene and sterol (GC-FID) content. A spectrophotometrical method was used to determine total carotenoid content. The results showed generally low oil yield (1.75-17.53%); the highest was from H. binata. Linoleic acid constituted the largest proportion in all samples (40.78 to 62.28% of total fatty acids), followed by oleic (14.57-34.30%) and palmitic (5.14-23.04%) acid. The total tocochromanol content ranged from 100.3 to 367.6 mg 100 g-1 oil. D. regia was the richest and the only to contain significant amount of tocotrienols while other oils contained almost exclusively tocopherols, dominated by either α-tocopherol or γ-tocopherol. The total carotenoid content was highest in A. auriculiformis (23.77 mg 100 g-1), S. sesban (23.57 mg 100 g-1) and A. odoratissima (20.37 mg 100 g-1), and ranged from 0.7 to 23.7 mg 100 g-1 oil. The total sterol content ranged from 240.84 to 2543 mg 100 g-1; A. concinna seed oil was the richest by a wide margin; however, its oil yield was very low (1.75%). Either β-sitosterol or Δ5-stigmasterol dominated the sterol fraction. Only C. fistula oil contained a significant amount of squalene (303.1 mg 100 g-1) but was limited by the low oil yield as an industrial source of squalene. In conclusion, A. auriculiformis seeds may hold potential for the production of carotenoid-rich oil, and H. binata seed oil has relatively high yield and tocopherol content, marking it as a potential source of these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Suryakant Chakradhari
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur 492010, CG, India
| | - Katarzyna Ratusz
- Division of Fats and Oils Technology, Department of Food Technology, Institute of Food Science, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- Department of Applied Sciences, Amity University, State Highway 9, Raipur Baloda-Bazar Road, Tilda, Raipur 493225, CG, India
| | - Danija Lazdiņa
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
| | - Dalija Segliņa
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, LV-3701 Dobele, Latvia
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Kasprzak M, Rudzińska M, Juzwa W, Olejnik A. Anti-proliferative potential and oxidative reactivity of thermo-oxidative degradation products of stigmasterol and stigmasteryl esters for human intestinal cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7093. [PMID: 37127788 PMCID: PMC10151334 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34335-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Stigmasterol in free and esterified form is incorporated in LDL cholesterol-lowering food products, intended for direct consumption and cooking, baking, and frying. Under thermal treatment, stigmasterol compounds may constitute a source of thermo-oxidative degradation products and oxyderivatives with potentially adverse health effects. This study aimed to analyze the anti-proliferative potential and genotoxicity of thermo-oxidatively treated stigmasterol (ST), stigmasteryl linoleate (ST-LA), and oleate (ST-OA). The effects on cell viability and proliferation, cell cycle progression, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and DNA damage were analyzed in normal human intestinal cells. The mutagenic potential was assessed in a bacterial reverse mutation test using Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains involving metabolic activation. Stigmasteryl esters showed a significantly lower potential to affect intestinal cell viability and proliferation than non-esterified ST, regardless of heating. Thermo-oxidatively treated ST suppressed intestinal cell proliferation by arresting the cell cycle in the G2/M phase and DNA synthesis inhibition. The enhanced intracellular ROS generation and caspase 3/7 activity suggest targeting intestinal cells to the apoptosis pathway. Also, heated ST-LA intensified ROS production and elicited pro-apoptotic effects. Thermo-oxidative derivatives of ST and ST-LA may evoke harmful gastrointestinal effects due to their high oxidative reactivity towards intestinal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kasprzak
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 31 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wojciech Juzwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 48 Wojska Polskiego St., 60-627, Poznań, Poland.
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6
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Rudzińska M, Olejnik A, Grygier A, Kowalska K, Kmiecik D, Chojnacka A, Gładkowski W, Grudniewska A, Przybylski R. Thermo-oxidative stability and safety of new acylglycerols with stigmasterol residue: Effects of fatty acids saturation and position in the glycerol backbone. Food Chem 2023; 421:136194. [PMID: 37094401 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
The safety and thermoxidative stability of new diacyl-stigmasterylcarbonoyl-sn-glycerols (DAStGs) with two molecules of palmitic or oleic acids and one molecule of stigmasterol at the sn-2 or sn-3 position were studied. After heating to 60 °C, the compounds with stigmasterol at the sn-2 position were more stable than those with stigmasterol at the sn-3 position. The lowest level of degradation of stigmasterol after heating to 180 °C was detected for both compounds with oleic acid, followed by the samples with palmitic acid. The high content of SOPs, especially triolSt, as well as the high level of dimers showed the most effect on the cytotoxicity of DAStGs heated at both temperatures. DAStGs with oleic acid at sn-1,3 and stigmasterol at sn-2 position were the most stable compounds. Both oleic acid and the location of stigmasterol in the middle of the glycerol molecule play an important role in increasing the thermoxidative stability of stigmasterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - A Olejnik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - A Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - K Kowalska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - D Kmiecik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - A Chojnacka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - W Gładkowski
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - A Grudniewska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - R Przybylski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
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Abdel-Razek AG, Abo-Elwafa GA, Al-Amrousi EF, Badr AN, Hassanein MMM, Qian Y, Siger A, Grygier A, Radziejewska-Kubzdela E, Rudzińska M. Effect of Refining and Fractionation Processes on Minor Components, Fatty Acids, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Shea Butter. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081626. [PMID: 37107421 PMCID: PMC10137687 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Shea butter is becoming increasingly popular in foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. This work aims to study the effect of the refining process on the quality and stability of fractionated and mixed shea butters. Crude shea butter, refined shea stearin, olein and their mixture (1:1 w/w) were analyzed for fatty acids, triacylglycerol composition, peroxide value (PV), free fatty acids (FFA), phenolic (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), unsaponifiable matter (USM), tocopherol and phytosterol content. Additionally, the oxidative stability, radical scavenging activity (RSA), antibacterial and antifungal activities were evaluated. The two main fatty acids in the shea butter samples were stearic and oleic. The refined shea stearin showed lower PV, FFA, USM, TPC, TFC, RSA, tocopherol and sterol content than crude shea butter. A higher EC50 was observed, but antibacterial activity was much lower. The refined olein fraction was characterized by lower PV, FFA and TFC in comparison with crude shea butter, but USM, TPC, RSA, EC50, tocopherol and sterol content was unchanged. The antibacterial activity was higher, but the antifungal activity was lower than those of crude shea butter. When both fractions were mixed, their fatty acid and triacylglycerol composition were similar to those of crude shea butter, but other parameters were different.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel G Abdel-Razek
- Department of Fats and Oils, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abo-Elwafa
- Department of Fats and Oils, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Eman F Al-Amrousi
- Department of Fats and Oils, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | - Ahmed N Badr
- Department of Food Toxicology and Contaminants, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo 12622, Egypt
| | | | - Ying Qian
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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Gładkowski W, Chojnacka A, Włoch A, Pruchnik H, Grudniewska A, Dunal A, Dudek A, Maciejewska G, Rudzińska M. Conjugates of 1,3- and 1,2-Acylglycerols with Stigmasterol - Synthesis, NMR Characterization and Impact on Lipid Bilayers. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300161. [PMID: 36997498 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of research was synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of new conjugates in which stigmasterol was linked via carbonate or succinyl linker with 1,3- and 1,2-acylglycerols of palmitic and oleic acid. Acylglycerols containing stigmasterol residue at internal position have been synthesized from 2-benzyloxypropane-1,3-diol or dihydroxyacetone. Their asymmetric counterparts containing stigmasterol residue attached to sn-3 position have been obtained from (S)-solketal. Eight synthesized conjugates were used to create the liposomes as nanocarriers of phytosterols to increase their stability and protect them from degradation during thermal-oxidative treatments. Fluorimetric and ATR-FTIR methods were used to determine the impact of synthesized conjugates on the physicochemical properties of the lipid bilayer. The results indicate that conjugates with palmitic acid are better candidates for use as the potential stigmasterol nanocarriers compared to those with oleic acid because they increase the stiffness of the lipid bilayer and temperature of the main phase transition. The obtained results are the first step in designing of stigmasterol-enriched liposomal carriers with higher thermo-oxidative stability for their potential use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Gładkowski
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, POLAND
| | - Anna Chojnacka
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, POLAND
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, POLAND
| | - Hanna Pruchnik
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, POLAND
| | - Aleksandra Grudniewska
- Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, POLAND
| | - Anna Dunal
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, POLAND
| | - Anita Dudek
- Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wroclawiu, Department of Physics and Biophysics, Norwida 25, 50-375, Wrocław, POLAND
| | - Gabriela Maciejewska
- Wroclaw University of Technology: Politechnika Wroclawska, Faculty of Chemistry, Norwida 4/6, 50-375, Wroclaw, POLAND
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Poznan University of Life Sciences: Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznań, POLAND
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9
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Grygier A, Chakradhari S, Ratusz K, Rudzińska M, Patel KS, Lazdiņa D, Segliņa D, Górnaś P. Lipophilic profile of mature seeds of unconventional edible tree legumes. Eur Food Res Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-023-04234-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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10
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Hassanein MMM, Abdel-Razek AG, Affifi SM, Qian Y, Radziejewska-Kubzdela E, Siger A, Rudzińska M, Abo-Elwafa GA, Grygier A. Characterization of New Egyptian Linseed Varieties and the Effects of Roasting on Their Pigments, Tocochromanols, Phytosterols, Omega-3 Fatty Acids, and Stability. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238526. [PMID: 36500618 PMCID: PMC9735629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of roasting linseeds on the pigment, lipid profile, bioactive components, and oxidative stability of the extracted oils. The linseed varieties Giza 11, Giza 12, Sakha 3, and Sakha 6 were roasted at 180 °C for 10 min, and the oils were extracted by cold pressing. The results showed that, after roasting, there was an increase in oil percentage and peroxide value, as well as small increases in p-anisidine and acid values. Roasting also caused an increase in chlorophyll content, while lutein and β-carotene tend to slightly decrease, except in the Giza 11 variety. The total phenolics content was markedly enhanced after roasting. Omega-3 fatty acids were not affected by the roasting process. The total amounts of tocochromanol were found to decrease in the Giza 12 and Sakha 6 varieties after roasting. Plastochromanol-8 increased in all varieties after roasting. The phytosterol composition was minimally affected by roasting. Roasting enhanced the stability of the extracted oils, increasing the induction period and decreasing EC50 values. These results may thus help to discriminate between the different linseed varieties and serve to recommend the use of roasting to enhance the oxidative stability of extracted oil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ying Qian
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Aleksander Siger
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | | | - Anna Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
- Correspondence:
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11
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Pruchnik H, Włoch A, Gładkowski W, Grudniewska A, Chojnacka A, Krzemiński M, Rudzińska M. Effect of Distigmasterol-Modified Acylglycerols on the Fluidity and Phase Transition of Lipid Model Membranes. Membranes (Basel) 2022; 12:membranes12111054. [PMID: 36363609 PMCID: PMC9698068 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Plant sterols are known for their health-promoting effects, lowering blood cholesterol levels and alleviating cardiovascular disease. In this work, we continue our research on the asymmetric acylglycerols in which fatty acid residues are replaced by two stigmasterol residues in sn-1 and sn-2 or sn-2 and sn-3 positions as new thermostable carriers of phytosterols for their potential application in foods or as components of new liposomes in the pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this manuscript was to compare and analyze the effects of four distigmasterol-modified acylglycerols (dStigMAs) on the fluidity and the main phase transition temperature of the model phospholipid membrane. Their properties were determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), steady-state fluorimetry and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The determination of the effect of the tested compounds on the mentioned physicochemical parameters of the model membranes will allow for the determination of their properties and stability, which is essential for their practical application. The results indicated that all compounds effect on the physicochemical properties of the model membrane. The degree of these changes depends on the structure of the compound, especially the type of linker by which stigmasterol is attached to the glycerol backbone, as well as on the type of hydrocarbon chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Grudniewska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anna Chojnacka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Krzemiński
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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12
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Gładkowski W, Włoch A, Pruchnik H, Chojnacka A, Grudniewska A, Wysota A, Dunal A, Rubiano Castro D, Rudzińska M. Acylglycerols of Myristic Acid as New Candidates for Effective Stigmasterol Delivery-Design, Synthesis, and the Influence on Physicochemical Properties of Liposomes. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113406. [PMID: 35684341 PMCID: PMC9182174 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
New carriers of phytosterols; acylglycerols containing natural myristic acid at sn-1 and sn-3 positions and stigmasterol residue linked to sn-2 position by carbonate and succinate linker have been designed and synthesized in three-step synthesis from dihydroxyacetone (DHA). The synthetic pathway involved Steglich esterification of DHA with myristic acid; reduction of carbonyl group of 1,3-dimyristoylpropanone and esterification of 1,3-dimyristoylglicerol with stigmasterol chloroformate or stigmasterol hemisuccinate. The structure of the obtained hybrids was established by the spectroscopic methods (NMR; IR; HRMS). Obtained hybrid molecules were used to form new liposomes in the mixture with model phospholipid and their effect on their physicochemical properties was determined, including the polarity, fluidity, and main phase transition of liposomes using differential scanning calorimetry and fluorimetric methods. The results confirm the significant effect of both stigmasterol-containing acylglycerols on the hydrophilic and hydrophobic region of liposome membranes. They significantly increase the order in the polar heads of the lipid bilayer and increase the rigidity in the hydrophobic region. Moreover, the presence of both acylglycerols in the membranes shifts the temperature of the main phase transition towards higher temperatures. Our results indicate stabilization of the bilayer over a wide temperature range (above and below the phase transition temperature), which in addition to the beneficial effects of phytosterols on human health makes them more attractive components of novel lipid nanocarriers compared to cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (A.G.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (A.W.); (A.D.); Tel.: +48-71-3205-154 (W.G.); +48-71-3205-461 (A.W.); +48-724-540-245 (A.D.)
| | - Aleksandra Włoch
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (A.W.); (A.D.); Tel.: +48-71-3205-154 (W.G.); +48-71-3205-461 (A.W.); +48-724-540-245 (A.D.)
| | - Hanna Pruchnik
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Chojnacka
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (A.G.); (A.W.)
| | - Aleksandra Grudniewska
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (A.G.); (A.W.)
| | - Agnieszka Wysota
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (A.G.); (A.W.)
| | - Anna Dunal
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biocatalysis, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.C.); (A.G.); (A.W.)
- Correspondence: (W.G.); (A.W.); (A.D.); Tel.: +48-71-3205-154 (W.G.); +48-71-3205-461 (A.W.); +48-724-540-245 (A.D.)
| | - Daniel Rubiano Castro
- Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda de Diagonal 643, 08007 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
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Rudzińska M, Olejnik A, Grygier A, Kowalska K, Kmiecik D, Grudniewska A, Chojnacka A, Gładkowski W, Maciejewska G, Przybylski R. Thermo-oxidative stability of asymmetric distigmasterol-modified acylglycerols as novel derivatives of plant sterols. Food Chem 2022; 390:133150. [PMID: 35551028 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The study investigated the thermo-oxidative stability of distigmasterol-modified acylglycerols as a new structured acylglycerols. Samples were heated at 60 and 180 °C for 8 h. Their percentage degradation and products formed during heating were compared with free stigmasterol and stigmasteryl esters. The remaining of stigmasterol and fatty acid parts, the formation of stigmasterol oxidation products and the composition of polar and non-polar fractions were analysed using chromatographic methods. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity were determined with the use of an MTT test and a comet assay, respectively. The highest stability during heating was observed for 2,3-distigmasterylsuccinoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (dStigS-OA) and the lowest for 2,3-distigmasterylcarbonoyl-1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol (dStigC-OA). Data showed that the formation of thermo-oxidative degradation products is affected by the temperature and chemical structure of lipids present in the molecule. The dStigMAs bonded by a succinate linker and products formed during their thermo-oxidation showed no cytotoxic or genotoxic activity to normal human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, WojskaPolskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - A Olejnik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, WojskaPolskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - A Grygier
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, WojskaPolskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - K Kowalska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, WojskaPolskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - D Kmiecik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, WojskaPolskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - A Grudniewska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - A Chojnacka
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - W Gładkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - G Maciejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, WybrzeżeWyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - R Przybylski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada
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14
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Cais-Sokolińska D, Walkowiak-Tomczak D, Rudzińska M. Photosensitized oxidation of cholesterol and altered oxysterol levels in sour cream: Effects of addition of cucumber pickles. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:4760-4771. [PMID: 35450712 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-21856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to examine whether sour cream (18% fat) is an exogenous source of oxysterols and whether it is possible to improve its antioxidative properties and to modulate cholesterol transformation by adding cucumber. To determine whether cucumber modifies the properties of sour cream, fresh cucumber or cucumber pickle (pH 3.3; 1.5% lactic acid) was added in an amount of 20%. The sour cream samples were then stored under light (450 lx, 590 cd, 120 lm) for 3 wk. After storage, the addition of the cucumber pickle increased total mesophilic aerobic bacteria from 7.5 to 9.3 log cfu/g and increased the l-lactic acid content from 6.1 to 9.7 g/L. The total conjugated linoleic acid content in sour cream with cucumber pickle also increased to 4.5 mg/g fat after storage, whereas the cholesterol content decreased to 3.44 g/kg fat. Importantly, with the addition of cucumber pickle, the total content of cholesterol oxidization products (COP) did not change after storage (1.7 mg/kg fat). By contrast, the total COP content in the control sour cream sample increased from 1.7 to 7.3 mg/kg fat over 3 wk of storage. The dominant COP before and after storage was 7β-hydroxycholesterol. Thus, despite exposure to light, adding cucumber pickle to sour cream modulates cholesterol transformation and effectively inhibits the formation of oxysterols.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Cais-Sokolińska
- Department of Dairy and Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - D Walkowiak-Tomczak
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
| | - M Rudzińska
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland
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15
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Wawrzyniak J, Rudzińska M, Gawrysiak-Witulska M, Przybył K. Predictive Models of Phytosterol Degradation in Rapeseeds Stored in Bulk Based on Artificial Neural Networks and Response Surface Regression. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082445. [PMID: 35458643 PMCID: PMC9027000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The need to maintain the highest possible levels of bioactive components contained in raw materials requires the elaboration of tools supporting their processing operations, starting from the first stages of the food production chain. In this study, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and response surface regression (RSR) were used to develop models of phytosterol degradation in bulks of rapeseed stored under various temperatures and water activity conditions (T = 12–30 °C and aw = 0.75–0.90). Among ANNs, networks based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) and a radial basis function (RBF) were tested. The model input constituted aw, temperature and storage time, whilst the model output was the phytosterol level in seeds. The ANN-based modeling turned out to be more effective in estimating phytosterol levels than the RSR, while MLP-ANNs proved to be more satisfactory than RBF-ANNs. The approximation quality of the ANNs models depended on the number of neurons and the type of activation functions in the hidden layer. The best model was provided by the MLP-ANN containing nine neurons in the hidden layer equipped with the logistic activation function. The model performance evaluation showed its high prediction accuracy and generalization capability (R2 = 0.978; RMSE = 0.140). Its accuracy was also confirmed by the elliptical joint confidence region (EJCR) test. The results show the high usefulness of ANNs in predictive modeling of phytosterol degradation in rapeseeds. The elaborated MLP-ANN model may be used as a support tool in modern postharvest management systems.
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16
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Bąkowska E, Siger A, Rudzińska M, Dwiecki K. Water content, critical micelle concentration of phospholipids and formation of association colloids as factors influencing autoxidation of rapeseed oil. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:488-495. [PMID: 34138466 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The exact mechanism of lipid autoxidation in vegetable oils, taking into account physical aspects of this phenomenon, including the role of association colloids, is still not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to consider changes in moisture content and DOPC phospholipid (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) critical micelle concentration (CMC) in rapeseed oil during autoxidation as well as to find the relationship between these parameters and the accumulation of primary and secondary lipid oxidation products. RESULTS The experiments were performed at initial oil humidity 220 ppm and 700 ppm, with DOPC below and above CMC. The increase in water concentration was favored by the presence of phospholipids above CMC and, at the same time, high initial water level, which favored oxidation processes and the creation of amphiphilic autoxidation products. At relatively high water level and low amphiphilic DOPC concentration, the growth of water content does not affect the concentration of oxidation products. CONCLUSION Amphiphilic substances play a significant role in increasing the water content of oil. Autoxidation products may reduce CMC of DOPC, but water is able to compensate for the CMC-reducing effect of oxidation products. The presence of association colloids and initial water content play a crucial role in the oxidation process of rapeseed oil. The increase in water concentration does not cause a sufficiently large increase in the number of micelles or sufficiently significant changes in their structure to effect an increase in the level of oxidation products. The formation of micelles requires an appropriate content of both water and amphiphilic substances derived from seeds (phospholipids). © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bąkowska
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dwiecki
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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17
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine olive oils purchased in Poland for their compliance with label declarations and EEC criteria. Statistical analysis was used to compare the olive oils in terms of their content and composition of essential constituents and color parameters. Fifty olive oils (extra virgin, bioextra virgin, cold-pressed, refined, and pomace) from different countries (Spain, Italy, Greece, Portugal, Germany, France, Israel, and the European Union), were purchased commercially in Poland. The contents of triacylglycerols, sterols, and tocopherols, the fatty acid composition, and the color parameters were determined using chromatographic and spectrophotometric methods. Statistical methods were used to divide the olive oils into clusters. Our results show that the composition and color parameters of olive oils available commercially in Poland, excluding pomace olive oils, are similar. It can thus be concluded that, irrespective of the type of olive oil stated on the label, their quality is the same or very similar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qian
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition
| | - Anna Grygier
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition
| | - Arkadiusz Majewski
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Department of Computer Science and Statistics
| | | | - Aleksander Siger
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition
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18
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Rudzińska M, Grudniewska A, Chojnacka A, Gładkowski W, Maciejewska G, Olejnik A, Kowalska K. Distigmasterol-Modified Acylglycerols as New Structured Lipids-Synthesis, Identification and Cytotoxicity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226837. [PMID: 34833929 PMCID: PMC8617691 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant sterols, also referred as phytosterols, have been known as bioactive compounds which have cholesterol-lowering properties in human blood. It has been established that a diet rich in plant sterols or their esters alleviates cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and also may inhibit breast, colon and lung carcinogenesis. Phytosterols, in their free and esterified forms, are prone to thermo-oxidative degradation, where time and temperature affect the level of degradation. Looking for new derivatives of phytosterols with high thermo-oxidative stability for application in foods, our idea was to obtain novel structured acylglycerols in which two fatty acid parts are replaced by stigmasterol residues. In this work, asymmetric (1,2- and 2,3-) distigmasterol-modified acylglycerols (dStigMAs) were synthesized by the covalent attachment of stigmasterol residues to sn-1 and sn-2 or sn-2 and sn-3 positions of 3-palmitoyl-sn-glycerol or 1-oleoyl-sn-glycerol, respectively, using a succinate or carbonate linker. The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were identified by NMR, HR-MS, and IR data. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of the obtained compounds was determined. The dStigMAs possessing a carbonate linker showed potent cytotoxicity to cells isolated from the small intestine and colon epithelium and liver, whereas the opposite results were obtained for compounds containing a succinate linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.O.); (K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-618487276
| | - Aleksandra Grudniewska
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (A.C.); (W.G.)
| | - Anna Chojnacka
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (A.C.); (W.G.)
| | - Witold Gładkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; (A.G.); (A.C.); (W.G.)
| | - Gabriela Maciejewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, 50-371 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Anna Olejnik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.O.); (K.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Kowalska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (A.O.); (K.K.)
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19
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Segliņa D, Krasnova I, Grygier A, Radziejewska‐Kubzdela E, Rudzińska M, Górnaś P. Unique bioactive molecule composition of sea buckthorn (
Hippophae rhamnoides
L.) oils obtained from the peel, pulp, and seeds via physical “solvent‐free” approaches. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aocs.12524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Grygier
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Elżbieta Radziejewska‐Kubzdela
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Department of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
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20
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Siejak P, Smułek W, Fathordobady F, Grygier A, Baranowska HM, Rudzińska M, Masewicz Ł, Jarzębska M, Nowakowski PT, Makiej A, Kazemian P, Drobnik P, Stachowiak B, Jarzębski M, Pratap-Singh A. Multidisciplinary Studies of Folk Medicine "Five Thieves' Oil" (Olejek Pięciu Złodziei) Components. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26102931. [PMID: 34069178 PMCID: PMC8155914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26102931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
To meet the growing interest in natural antibacterial agents, we evaluated the physicochemical and biological properties of the folk medicine known as “five thieves’ oil” (Polish name: olejek pięciu złodziei). Five thieves’ oil consists of a mixture of five oils: rosemary, lemon, clove, eucalyptus, and cinnamon. In this study, we performed gas chromatography, FTIR, and UV–vis spectroscopic analysis, as well as L-a-b color tests, contact angle determination, and surface tension determination. To verify its antibacterial activity, the metabolic activity and changes in cell membrane permeability of bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas were studied. As a result, it was found that among the constituent oils, the oils of clove and cinnamon were the least volatile and, at the same time, had the strongest antibacterial activity. However, a mix of all the oils also showed comparable activity, which was even more pronounced for the oils after 4 weeks of aging. This effect can be linked to the high content of terpene derivatives such as eugenol and cinnamaldehyde, which can cause changes in bacterial membrane permeability, affecting cell activity and survival. This study is the first to characterize the constituents of the popular folk medicine five thieves’ oil, confirming and explaining its strong antibacterial activity, thus constituting a significant contribution to contemporary health education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Siejak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (H.M.B.); (Ł.M.)
| | - Wojciech Smułek
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Farahnaz Fathordobady
- Food, Nutrition and Health, University of British Columbia, 2205, East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (M.J.); (A.P.-S.)
| | - Anna Grygier
- Department of Technology of Plant Origin Food, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland; (A.G.); (M.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Hanna Maria Baranowska
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (H.M.B.); (Ł.M.)
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Department of Technology of Plant Origin Food, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland; (A.G.); (M.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Łukasz Masewicz
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (H.M.B.); (Ł.M.)
| | | | - Piotr T. Nowakowski
- Institute of Pedagogy, Rzeszów University, Jałowego 24, 35-010 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Makiej
- Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Poznan University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (W.S.); (A.M.)
| | - Pardis Kazemian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of British Columbia, 1103-6270 University Blvd, Biological Sciences Building, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada;
| | - Paweł Drobnik
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 28 Czerwca 1956 135/147, 61-545 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Barbara Stachowiak
- Department of Technology of Plant Origin Food, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland; (A.G.); (M.R.); (B.S.)
| | - Maciej Jarzębski
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 38/42, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (P.S.); (H.M.B.); (Ł.M.)
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (M.J.); (A.P.-S.)
| | - Anubhav Pratap-Singh
- Food, Nutrition and Health, University of British Columbia, 2205, East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Correspondence: (F.F.); (M.J.); (A.P.-S.)
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Nowaczewski S, Szablewski T, Cegielska-Radziejewska R, Stuper-Szablewska K, Rudzińska M, Tomczyk Ł, Szulc K, Kaczmarek S, Perz K, Hejdysz M. Effect of age of Japanese quail on physical and biochemical characteristics of eggs. S AFR J ANIM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v51i1.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of age of birds on egg quality in Japanese quail. The eggs were randomly selected from among all eggs laid on the same day when the birds were 15, 23 and 31 weeks old. At each time point, 90 fresh eggs were evaluated for their physical and biochemical characteristics. Egg weights were similar over time. At 23 and 31 weeks, the eggs had less shell than at 15 weeks. Crude fat and ash contents of the eggs increased with the age of the birds. Crude protein was also highest in eggs of the oldest quail. At 31 weeks old, the eggs were lowest in pH of yolk and white. Quail that were 23 and 31 weeks old laid eggs with significantly higher polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) and lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) contents. The lowest cholesterol content was in egg yolks from 23-week-old quail. The oldest birds had the highest contents of sodium, potassium, zinc, selenium, copper, and manganese. The content and activity of lysozyme decreased with ageing of the birds. From the consumers’ point of view, eggs from older birds appeared to be the most valuable. At the same time, as the quail ages, the antibacterial properties of eggs deteriorate, which may indicate a shorter shelf life.
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22
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Sipeniece E, Mišina I, Qian Y, Grygier A, Sobieszczańska N, Sahu PK, Rudzińska M, Patel KS, Górnaś P. Fatty Acid Profile and Squalene, Tocopherol, Carotenoid, Sterol Content of Seven Selected Consumed Legumes. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2021; 76:53-59. [PMID: 33404889 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-020-00875-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Legume seeds (Fabaceae) of seven species Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (guar), Glycine max (soybean), Lablab purpureus (lablab-bean), Macrotyloma uniflorum (kulthi bean), Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek) and Vigna unguiculata (cowpea) were studied. The oil yield ranged from 1.2 to 20.2% dw, in the lablab-bean and soybean, respectively. The polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) constituted the largest part (46-78%) of total fatty acids in studied legumes. γ-Tocopherol was the predominant tocopherol (T) homologue (61-95%) in most of the tested legumes with the exception of fenugreek (α-T, 97%) and cowpea (γ-T and δ-T, nearly equal). The β-sitosterol was the main sterol (51-56%) in most legumes. While in cowpea, lablab-bean and kulthi bean the main sterols were β-sitosterol and Δ5-stigmasterol (28-37% and 14-42%, respectively). Squalene was detected only in kulthi bean and lablab-bean (58 and 284 mg/100 g oil). The total concentration of carotenoids, tocochromanols, and sterols in the studied legumes was 0.2-9.2, 12.4-276.0, and 350-8,542 mg/100 g oil, respectively. Based on the levels of minor lipophilic compounds of this study, C. tetragonoloba, T. foenum-graecum and G. max seem to have a better nutritional value compared to P. vulgaris, V. unguiculata, L. purpureus, and M. uniflorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise Sipeniece
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Ying Qian
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Natalia Sobieszczańska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627, Poznań, Poland
| | - Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, 492010, Raipur, CG, India
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- Amity University, State Highway 9, Raipur Baloda-Bazar Road, Tilda, Raipur, CG, 493225, India
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
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Rudzińska M, Daglioglu C, Savvateeva LV, Kaci FN, Antoine R, Zamyatnin AA. Current Status and Perspectives of Protease Inhibitors and Their Combination with Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:9-20. [PMID: 33442233 PMCID: PMC7797289 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s285852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In cancer treatments, many natural and synthetic products have been examined; among them, protease inhibitors are promising candidates for anti-cancer agents. Since dysregulated proteolytic activities can contribute to tumor development and metastasis, antagonization of proteases with tailored inhibitors is an encouraging approach. Although adverse effects of early designs of these inhibitors disappeared after the introduction of next-generation agents, most of the proposed inhibitors did not pass the early stages of clinical trials due to their nonspecific toxicity and lack of pharmacological effects. Therefore, new applications that modulate proteases more specifically and serve their programmed way of administration are highly appreciated. In this context, nanosized drug delivery systems have attracted much attention because preliminary studies have demonstrated that the therapeutic capacity of inhibitors has been improved significantly with encapsulated formulation as compared to their free forms. Here, we address this issue and discuss the current application and future clinical prospects of this potential combination towards targeted protease-based cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Cenk Daglioglu
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering Application and Research Center, Integrated Research Centers, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Lyudmila V Savvateeva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Fatma Necmiye Kaci
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Yakutiye, Erzurum 25050, Turkey
| | - Rodolphe Antoine
- CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon F-69622, France
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.,Department of Biotechnology, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi 354340, Russia
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Molska M, Reguła J, Rudzińska M, Świeca M. Fatty acids profile, atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices of lyophilized buckwheat sprouts modified with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii [pdf]. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2020. [DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.2020.0866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Siger A, Antkowiak W, Dwiecki K, Rokosik E, Rudzińska M. Nutlets of Tilia cordata Mill. and Tilia platyphyllos Scop. - Source of bioactive compounds. Food Chem 2020; 346:128888. [PMID: 33385911 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyse contents of phytosterols, carotenoids, tocochromanols and fatty acid composition in oil from nutlets of linden. Standard determination methods for these compounds were applied using liquid and gas chromatography. In the analysed oils from small and large-leaved lime the dominant acids included linoleic (53.1 and 54.1%), oleic (18.5 and 22.2%), palmitic (15.3 and 11.8%). Linden seed oil was characterised by very high contents of phytosterols (2-2.5 g/100 g). β-Sitosterol was the dominant phytosterol (80-83%). Additionally squalene was detected at 806 and 607 mg/100 g, respectively, for Tilia cordata and T.platyphyllos. It was found that linden seed oil contains tocopherols (93%) and tocotrienols (7%). In terms of tocochromanol contents this oil is surpassed only by wheat germ oil. In terms of the α-T equivalent these oils contain 95 (Tilia cordata) and 50.6 mg/100 g vitamin E (Tilia platyphyllos).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksander Siger
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Antkowiak
- Department of Botany, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71 c, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dwiecki
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Rokosik
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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Molska M, Reguła J, Rudzińska M, Świeca M. Fatty acids profile, atherogenic and thrombogenic health lipid indices of lyophilized buckwheat sprouts modified with the addition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment 2020; 19:483-490. [PMID: 33179488 DOI: 10.17306/j.afs.0866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aims to present an assessment of the effect on the composition of fatty acids of a modification of buckwheat sprouts Fagopyrum esculentum Moench by the addition of the probiotic strain of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii. The study is innovative. METHODS Seeds, control and modified buckwheat sprouts lyophilisates constituted the research material. Fat analyses were performed using the standards methods. However, the determination of fatty acids was carried out following the AOCS Ce 2-66 methodology. RESULTS The results indicated that the germination process increased the total fat content of the sprouts as well as changed the fatty acid profile. Statistically significant differences were found in the content of palmitic, arachidic, ginkgolic, oleic, eicosenoic and linoleic acids between the control and probiotic-rich sprouts. It was also found that the quality indicators of buckwheat lipids, such as atherogenic and thrombogenic, are optimal in terms of nutritional value. CONCLUSIONS Buckwheat sprouts modified by adding probiotic yeast might be a new functional product that can be used as part of a diet that reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Molska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Julita Reguła
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Michał Świeca
- Department of Food Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Poland
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Rokosik E, Siger A, Rudzińska M, Dwiecki K. Antioxidant activity and synergism of canolol and α-tocopherol in rapeseed oil is affected by the presence of phospholipid association colloids. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Marszałkiewicz S, Siger A, Gawrysiak-Witulska M, Kmiecik D, Rudzińska M. The effect of drying temperature of milk thistle seeds on quality and bioactive compounds in the lipid fraction. J Food Sci Technol 2020; 57:4003-4013. [PMID: 33060864 PMCID: PMC7520502 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Milk thistle oils are available on the market and appeal to consumers because of their healthy properties as cold-pressed oils. The raw material for producing such oils is purchased from a range of domestic and foreign sources. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of drying temperature on the peroxide value, acid value, fatty acid composition, tocopherol and phytosterol contents in the lipid fraction extracted from milk thistle seeds. The seeds were purchased in three different farms and were dried in a thin layer at 40 °C, 60 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C, and 140 °C. The level of phytosterols and the fatty acid composition were determined using GC-FID, while tocopherols concentrations were determined using HPLC. The study showed that the quality of seeds used in the production of oil varies. The drying of milk thistle seeds using air cooler than 80 °C caused no statistically significant changes in AV, p-AnV, phytosterol levels, tocopherols, or SFA levels. Drying temperatures in the 100–140 °C range caused significant losses of phytosterols and tocopherols and also resulted in changes in fatty acid composition. When seeds were dried at 140 °C, phytosterol levels dropped by 19–23%, tocopherols by 10–23%, MUFA by 30%, and PUFA by 11%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Marszałkiewicz
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marzena Gawrysiak-Witulska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dominik Kmiecik
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznan, Poland
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Qian Y, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Przybylski R. Determination of Triacylglycerols by HTGC-FID as a Sensitive Tool for the Identification of Rapeseed and Olive Oil Adulteration. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173881. [PMID: 32858832 PMCID: PMC7504275 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerols (TGs) are the most common compounds in food lipids, accounting for 95% of the weight of edible oils. The aim of this study was to scrutinize a procedure for quantitatively assessing possible adulteration of olive and rapeseed oil through GC-FID analysis of TGs. The recovery of TG standards ranged from 21% to 148%, and the relative response factor (RRF) ranged from 0.42 to 2.28. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.001 to 0.330 µg/mL, and the limits of quantitation from 0.001 to 1.000 µg/mL. The validated method was used to determine the TGs in olive oil (OO), refined rapeseed oil (RRO), and their blends. Eight TGs were detected in refined rapeseed oil, and 10 in olive oil. The addition of 1% of olive oil to rapeseed oil or vice versa can be detected using this method. Three triacylglycerols were pinpointed as indicators of adulteration of rapeseed oil with olive oil (PPO, PPL, PSO). The method described here can be used for controlling the quality of these oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Qian
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-0048-618-487-276
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Anna Grygier
- Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (M.R.); (A.G.)
| | - Roman Przybylski
- University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada;
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Mišina I, Sipeniece E, Grygier A, Qian Y, Rudzińska M, Kaufmane E, Segliņa D, Siger A, Górnaś P. Profiling of the lipophilic components of seed oils recovered from twelve Japanese quince ( Chaenomeles japonica) genotypes. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:474-478. [PMID: 32586126 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1782407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The seeds and oil yield and profile/levels of fatty acids, tocopherols and phytosterols in seed oils of twelve Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) genotypes were studied. The seeds and oil yield ranged from 3.8 to 5.7% w/w fresh fruit, and 10.9 to 14.6% w/w dry weight seeds, respectively. The range of three predominated fatty acids C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2 in the seed oil of twelve Japanese quince genotypes were 8.1-9.8, 37.5-48.1, and 40.1-50.3%, respectively. α-Tocopherol and β-sitosterol were the main minor lipophilic compounds detected in all investigated genotypes. The percentage of predomination of α-tocopherol and β-sitosterol in each investigated genotype was very similar and amounted to 97-99% of total tocopherols and 76-80% of total phytosterols, respectively. The range of total content tocopherols and phytosterols in 12 genotypes of Japanese quince were 91.9-129.3 and 7830-14166 mg/100 g oil, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ying Qian
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | | | | | - Aleksander Siger
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Sahu PK, Sipeniece E, Radziejewska-Kubzdela E, Grygier A, Patel KS, Rudzińska M, Radzimirska-Graczyk M, Górnaś P. Profiling of the lipophilic components of seed oil obtained from two medicinal plants Corchorus capsularis L. and Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Nat Prod Res 2020; 36:450-454. [PMID: 32524836 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1777119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The minor lipophilic composition of seed oils obtained from two medicinal plants (C. capsularis and H. sabdariffa L.), tocopherol, tocotrienols, sterols, carotenoids and squalene, was studied. The oil yield from the seeds of H. sabdariffa and C. capsularis was 19.1 and 12.7%, respectively. The main three fatty acids of the oils from both species were - linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acid (over 95% of all). γ-Tocopherol consisted of over 65% of total tocopherol content of four detected homologues, in both species. Nine and ten sterols were detected in H. sabdariffa and C. capsularis seed oil, respectively. β-Sitosterol was the main sterol (over 50% of all). Lutein was the main carotenoid detected in both species. The total amount of tocopherols, carotenoids and sterols in C. capsularis vs. H. sabdariffa seed oil were 117.2 vs. 159.2, 0.27 vs. 0.74, and 247.1 vs. 968.0 mg/100 g oil, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | - Elżbieta Radziejewska-Kubzdela
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Rudzińska M, Parodi A, Maslova VD, Efremov YM, Gorokhovets NV, Makarov VA, Popkov VA, Golovin AV, Zernii EY, Zamyatnin AA. Cysteine Cathepsins Inhibition Affects Their Expression and Human Renal Cancer Cell Phenotype. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051310. [PMID: 32455715 PMCID: PMC7281206 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal cancer would greatly benefit from new therapeutic strategies since, in advanced stages, it is refractory to classical chemotherapeutic approaches. In this context, lysosomal protease cysteine cathepsins may represent new pharmacological targets. In renal cancer, they are characterized by a higher expression, and they were shown to play a role in its aggressiveness and spreading. Traditional studies in the field were focused on understanding the therapeutic potentialities of cysteine cathepsin inhibition, while the direct impact of such therapeutics on the expression of these enzymes was often overlooked. In this work, we engineered two fluoromethyl ketone-based peptides with inhibitory activity against cathepsins to evaluate their potential anticancer activity and impact on the lysosomal compartment in human renal cancer. Molecular modeling and biochemical assays confirmed the inhibitory properties of the peptides against cysteine cathepsin B and L. Different cell biology experiments demonstrated that the peptides could affect renal cancer cell migration and organization in colonies and spheroids, while increasing their adhesion to biological substrates. Finally, these peptide inhibitors modulated the expression of LAMP1, enhanced the expression of E-cadherin, and altered cathepsin expression. In conclusion, the inhibition of cysteine cathepsins by the peptides was beneficial in terms of cancer aggressiveness; however, they could affect the overall expression of these proteases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
| | - Valentina D. Maslova
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Yuri M. Efremov
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Neonila V. Gorokhovets
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
| | - Vladimir A. Makarov
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
| | - Vasily A. Popkov
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey V. Golovin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeni Y. Zernii
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (N.V.G.); (V.A.M.); (A.V.G.); (E.Y.Z.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +74-95-622-9843
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Kasprzak M, Rudzińska M, Przybylski R, Kmiecik D, Siger A, Olejnik A. The degradation of bioactive compounds and formation of their oxidation derivatives in refined rapeseed oil during heating in model system. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Waszkowiak
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional FoodsPoznan University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31, Poznan 60‐624 Poland
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Biochemistry and Food AnalysisPoznan University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31, Poznan 60‐624 Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Institute of Food Technology of Plant OriginPoznan University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31, Poznan 60‐624 Poland
| | - Weronika Bamber
- Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional FoodsPoznan University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31, Poznan 60‐624 Poland
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Polanowska K, Grygier A, Kuligowski M, Rudzińska M, Nowak J. Effect of tempe fermentation by three different strains of Rhizopus oligosporus on nutritional characteristics of faba beans. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Mišina I, Sipeniece E, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Radzimirska‐Graczyk M, Kaufmane E, Segliņa D, Lācis G, Górnaś P. Associations between Oil Yield and Profile of Fatty Acids, Sterols, Squalene, Carotenoids, and Tocopherols in Seed Oil of Selected Japanese Quince Genotypes during Fruit Development. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture Graudu 1 Dobele LV‐3701 Latvia
| | | | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Poznań University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31 60‐624 Poznań Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition Poznań University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31 60‐624 Poznań Poland
| | - Monika Radzimirska‐Graczyk
- Department of Food and Nutrition Poznan University of Physical Education Królowej Jadwigi 27/39 61‐871 Poznań Poland
| | - Edīte Kaufmane
- Institute of Horticulture Graudu 1 Dobele LV‐3701 Latvia
| | - Dalija Segliņa
- Institute of Horticulture Graudu 1 Dobele LV‐3701 Latvia
| | - Gunārs Lācis
- Institute of Horticulture Graudu 1 Dobele LV‐3701 Latvia
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture Graudu 1 Dobele LV‐3701 Latvia
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Rudzińska M, Parodi A, Balakireva AV, Chepikova OE, Venanzi FM, Zamyatnin AA. Cellular Aging Characteristics and Their Association with Age-Related Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020094. [PMID: 31979201 PMCID: PMC7071036 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Different molecular signaling pathways, biological processes, and intercellular communication mechanisms control longevity and are affected during cellular senescence. Recent data have suggested that organelle communication, as well as genomic and metabolic dysfunctions, contribute to this phenomenon. Oxidative stress plays a critical role by inducing structural modifications to biological molecules while affecting their function and catabolism and eventually contributing to the onset of age-related dysfunctions. In this scenario, proteins are not adequately degraded and accumulate in the cell cytoplasm as toxic aggregates, increasing cell senescence progression. In particular, carbonylation, defined as a chemical reaction that covalently and irreversibly modifies proteins with carbonyl groups, is considered to be a significant indicator of protein oxidative stress and aging. Here, we emphasize the role and dysregulation of the molecular pathways controlling cell metabolism and proteostasis, the complexity of the mechanisms that occur during aging, and their association with various age-related disorders. The last segment of the review details current knowledge on protein carbonylation as a biomarker of cellular senescence in the development of diagnostics and therapeutics for age-related dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (A.V.B.); (O.E.C.); (F.M.V.)
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (A.V.B.); (O.E.C.); (F.M.V.)
| | - Anastasia V. Balakireva
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (A.V.B.); (O.E.C.); (F.M.V.)
| | - Olga E. Chepikova
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (A.V.B.); (O.E.C.); (F.M.V.)
| | - Franco M. Venanzi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (A.V.B.); (O.E.C.); (F.M.V.)
| | - Andrey A. Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.R.); (A.P.); (A.V.B.); (O.E.C.); (F.M.V.)
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +74956229843
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Gawrysiak-Witulska M, Siger A, Rudzińska M, Bartkowiak-Broda I. The effect of drying on the native tocopherol and phytosterol content of Sinapis alba L. seeds. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:354-361. [PMID: 31588554 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postharvest processing, including drying, has a significant effect on the processability of oil crop seeds. High drying air temperature may significantly affect the levels of bioactive compounds in plant raw materials. We decided to investigate the subject given the lack of data on the drying of mustard seeds. The aim was to determine the effect of drying temperature on free fatty acid, phytosterol and tocopherol levels in the oil obtained from white mustard seeds. Seeds were dried in a thin layer at 40, 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 °C. Changes in phytosterol levels were assessed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and changes in tocopherol levels by high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS The analysis showed that, upon completion of air drying at 40-100 °C, losses of sterols did not exceed 5%, while upon completion of drying at 120 °C and 140 °C these losses amounted to 17-50%. Our investigation also showed that during drying of white mustard seed the total tocopherol levels increased, and the higher the drying temperature, the greater the increment. In seeds air-dried at 120 °C and 140 °C, the increase in tocopherol amounted to 7-9%. CONCLUSION We also showed that the temperature of the drying agent significantly affects the tocopherol and phytosterol levels. It was found that a maximum temperature of 100 °C provides optimal drying conditions for mustard seeds. Principal component analysis identified two subgroups of oils obtained from seeds dried at 120 °C and 140 °C, which differed considerably from the other samples in terms of their bioactive component contents. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Iwona Bartkowiak-Broda
- The Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute (IHAR) - National Research Institute, Poznań, Poland
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Sahu YK, Patel KS, Martín-Ramos P, Rudzińska M, Górnaś P, Towett EK, Martín-Gil J, Tarkowska-Kukuryk M. Algal characterization and bioaccumulation of trace elements from polluted water. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 192:38. [PMID: 31828435 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-8001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Algae are a group of autotropic and eukaryotic organisms that play a significant role in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, fuel, and textile industries. They are an important part of our ecosystem, and they can help control the growing problem of pollution. In this work, the carotenoid, sterol, polyphenol and mineral content, spectral and thermal characteristics of six common river algae, viz. Chara spp., Hydrodictyon spp., Lyngbya spp., Nitella spp., Pithophora spp., and Spirogyra spp., collected from Kharun river (India), were evaluated. The concentration of oil, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and mineral ranged from 0.4 to 4.3%, from 2705 to 4450 mg/kg, from 1590 to 2970 mg/kg, and from 85,466 to 122,871 mg/kg of algae (dw), respectively. The concentration of carotenoids and sterols varied from 1.6 to 109 mg/kg and from 522 to 35,664 mg/kg. The potentiality towards the bioaccumulation of 22 trace elements from the surface reservoir was assessed and discussed in relation to carbonate inlay of the algae wall and to the ions ability to bind to pectin, polypeptides, carotenoids, polyphenols, and flavonoids, on the basis of infrared spectroscopy data. In view of the extremely high enrichment factors found for certain elements, such as P, Co, Cu, Pb, and Fe, some of these algae hold promise as bioindicators for the detection of these elements in aquatic environments. Ordination analysis was used to measure the variance gradient of the algal data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaman Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492010, India
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, 492010, India.
| | - Pablo Martín-Ramos
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, EPS, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Ambientales de Aragón (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Carretera de Cuarte, s/n, 22071, Huesca, Spain
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | | | - Jesús Martín-Gil
- Agriculture and Forestry Engineering Department, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004, Palencia, Spain
| | - Monika Tarkowska-Kukuryk
- Department of Hydrobiology and Protection of Ecosystems, University of Life Science in Lublin, B. Dobrzańskiego 37, 20-262, Lublin, Poland
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Chakradhari S, Perkons I, Mišina I, Sipeniece E, Radziejewska-Kubzdela E, Grygier A, Rudzińska M, Patel KS, Radzimirska-Graczyk M, Górnaś P. Profiling of the bioactive components of safflower seeds and seed oil: cultivated (Carthamus tinctorius L.) vs. wild (Carthamus oxyacantha M. Bieb.). Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03414-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract
A study was conducted to analyze the effect of the antioxidants butylated hydroxytoluene, α-tocopherol, ethanolic extracts of rosemary, and green tea on stigmasterol resistance against degradation and formation of its oxidation products in purified triacylglycerols (TAG) from sunflower oil. The content of stigmasterol and its oxidation products 7α-and 7β-hydroxy, α-and β-epoxy, triol, and 7-ketostigmasterol were determined during incubation at 60°C for 3, 6, and 9 days. In addition, peroxide value and fatty acid composition were also determined in the samples. Correlation between the levels of the accumulated stigmasterol oxides and peroxide value of the TAG with antioxidants during incubation was significant only for rosemary extract (R = 0.6799, p < 0.05). The lack of correlation precludes the use of peroxide values to determine the level of sterol oxidation products in the used model system. Correlation between stigmasterol content and the level of stigmasterol oxides was significant for all samples (R = 0.8874, p < 0.05). The total increase of the stigmasterol oxidation products was the lowest in samples with α-tocopherol, but the content of stigmasterol-triol increased the most in this sample. In all the analyzed samples, α-epoxy-stigmasterol was formed in the highest amounts among the analyzed stigmasterol oxidation products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- The August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznañ, Food Technology Department, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznañ, Poland
| | - Józef Korczak
- The August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznañ, Food Technology Department, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznañ, Poland
| | - Anna Gramza
- The August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznañ, Food Technology Department, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznañ, Poland
| | - Erwin Wąsowicz
- The August Cieszkowski Agricultural University of Poznañ, Food Technology Department, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznañ, Poland
| | - Paresh C Dutta
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Food Science, Division of Food Chemistry, Uppsala, Sweden
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Rokosik E, Siger A, Rudzińska M, Siejak P, Dwiecki K. Formation of Phospholipid Association Colloids in Rapeseed Oil and Their Effect on Lipid Autoxidation in the Presence of Sinapic and Ferulic Acid. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201900243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Rokosik
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis Poznań University of Life Sciences Mazowiecka 48 60‐623 Poznan Poland
| | - Aleksander Siger
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis Poznań University of Life Sciences Mazowiecka 48 60‐623 Poznan Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin Poznań University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 31 60‐624 Poznań Poland
| | - Przemysław Siejak
- Department of Physics and Biophysics Poznań University of Life Sciences Wojska Polskiego 38/42 60‐637 Poznań Poland
| | - Krzysztof Dwiecki
- Department of Food Biochemistry and Analysis Poznań University of Life Sciences Mazowiecka 48 60‐623 Poznan Poland
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Rudzińska M, Parodi A, Soond SM, Vinarov AZ, Korolev DO, Morozov AO, Daglioglu C, Tutar Y, Zamyatnin AA. The Role of Cysteine Cathepsins in Cancer Progression and Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3602. [PMID: 31340550 PMCID: PMC6678516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine cathepsins are lysosomal enzymes belonging to the papain family. Their expression is misregulated in a wide variety of tumors, and ample data prove their involvement in cancer progression, angiogenesis, metastasis, and in the occurrence of drug resistance. However, while their overexpression is usually associated with highly aggressive tumor phenotypes, their mechanistic role in cancer progression is still to be determined to develop new therapeutic strategies. In this review, we highlight the literature related to the role of the cysteine cathepsins in cancer biology, with particular emphasis on their input into tumor biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alessandro Parodi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Surinder M Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey Z Vinarov
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry O Korolev
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey O Morozov
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Cenk Daglioglu
- Izmir Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, 35430 Urla/Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Tutar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, 34668 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
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Myszka K, Olejnik A, Majcher M, Sobieszczańska N, Grygier A, Powierska-Czarny J, Rudzińska M. Green pepper essential oil as a biopreservative agent for fish-based products: Antimicrobial and antivirulence activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa KM01. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2019.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Parodi A, Miao J, Soond SM, Rudzińska M, Zamyatnin AA. Albumin Nanovectors in Cancer Therapy and Imaging. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E218. [PMID: 31195727 PMCID: PMC6627831 DOI: 10.3390/biom9060218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Albumin nanovectors represent one of the most promising carriers recently generated because of the cost-effectiveness of their fabrication, biocompatibility, safety, and versatility in delivering hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutics and diagnostic agents. In this review, we describe and discuss the recent advances in how this technology has been harnessed for drug delivery in cancer, evaluating the commonly used synthesis protocols and considering the key factors that determine the biological transport and the effectiveness of such technology. With this in mind, we highlight how clinical and experimental albumin-based delivery nanoplatforms may be designed for tackling tumor progression or improving the currently established diagnostic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Parodi
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Jiaxing Miao
- Ohio State University, 410 W 10th Ave. Columbus, 43210, Ohio, USA.
| | - Surinder M Soond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991, Moscow, Russia.
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.
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Rokosik E, Dwiecki K, Rudzińska M, Siger A, Polewski K. Column chromatography as a method for minor components removal from rapeseed oil. Grasas y Aceites 2019. [DOI: 10.3989/gya.0709182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to verify the influence of different chromatographic column beds (silicic acid, activated charcoal, aluminum oxide, silica gel) on the concentration of individual minor components (sterols, tocopherols, carotenoids and chlorophyll) in rapeseed oil. With the use of a combination of these beds, a three-stage optimized method for removing minor components from rapeseed oil was developed. It was demonstrated that the combination of silicic acid and activated charcoal removed about half of the sterols present from the oil. Aluminum oxide turned out to be the most effective bed in removing tocopherols, purifying the oil to their minimum level (2.6 mg/kg). All adsorbents used had similar capacity to purify oil from pigments (carotenoids and chlorophyll). In the three-stage purification process free sterols were almost completely removed (to the level 90.0 mg/kg). Purification of β-carotene and chlorophyll from the oil was also very effective. Tocopherols were completely removed with this method, except for a small amount of α-tocopherol (0.4 mg/kg), which results from its relatively weak interaction with a hydrophilic bed. The developed method may be used in studies on the effect of association colloids on bulk oil autoxidation processes.
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Rudzińska M, Grzanka M, Stachurska A, Mikula M, Paczkowska K, Stępień T, Paziewska A, Ostrowski J, Czarnocka B. Molecular Signature of Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20092212. [PMID: 31060342 PMCID: PMC6539481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20092212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) transcription factor is a product of one of the lymphangiogenesis master genes. It has also been suggested to play a role in carcinogenesis, although its precise role in tumour development and metastasis remains unclear. The aim of this study was to gain more knowledge on the PROX1 function in thyroid tumorigenesis. Follicular thyroid cancer-derived cells—CGTH-W-1—were transfected with PROX1-siRNA (small interfering RNA) and their proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and motility were then analysed. The transcriptional signature of PROX1 depletion was determined using RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) and the expression of relevant genes was further validated using reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), Western blot and immunocytochemistry. PROX1 depletion resulted in a decreased cell motility, with both migratory and invasive potential being significantly reduced. The cell morphology was also affected, while the other studied cancer-related cell characteristics were not significantly altered. RNA-seq analysis revealed significant changes in the expression of transcripts encoding genes involved in both motility and cytoskeleton organization. Our transcriptional analysis of PROX1-depleted follicular thyroid carcinoma cells followed by functional and phenotypical analyses provide, for the first time, evidence that PROX1 plays an important role in the metastasis of thyroid cancer cells by regulating genes involved in focal adhesion and cytoskeleton organization in tumour cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Rudzińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Grzanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Anna Stachurska
- Department of Immunohematology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Michał Mikula
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Paczkowska
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Stępień
- Clinic of Endocrinological and General Surgery, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Paziewska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Ostrowski
- Department of Genetics, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Czarnocka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
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Górnaś P, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Lācis G. Diversity of oil yield, fatty acids, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and sterols in the seeds of 19 interspecific grapes crosses. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:2078-2087. [PMID: 30298520 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The seeds of Vitis vinifera grapes have been studied extensively but knowledge about the interspecific crosses of other Vitis species (e.g. V. vinifera, V. amurensis, V. rupestris, V. riparia, and V. labruska) is very limited. RESULTS The oil yields recovered from the grape seeds ranged between 7 and 160 g kg-1 dw. The main fatty acids were linoleic (72.5-83.1%), oleic (6.2-15.5%), and palmitic (5.4-13.2%), which together constituted 92.8-97.1% of the total detected fatty acids. The total concentration of tocopherol (T) and tocotrienol (T3) homologues was between 0.785 and 9.033 g kg-1 oil. The concentration of sterols varied significantly and ranged between 2.912 and 105.962 g kg-1 oil. The β-sitosterol constituted 68.2-86.3% of the total content of sterols. The oil yield in grape seeds significantly correlated with the oleic acid, α-linolenic acid, α-T, α-T3, γ-T3, campesterol, Δ5-stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, and total Ts + T3 s and sterols. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that seed oil recovered from different interspecific Vitis crosses is a rich source of minor lipophilic bioactive compounds, especially genotypes with low oil content. They can be used to enrich plant oils that are poor in tocotrienols and/or phytosterols without changing the fatty acid composition of main oil, due to low enrichment quantities (micro-blends). © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Dobele, Latvia
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Gunārs Lācis
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Dobele, Latvia
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Górnaś P, Czubinski J, Rudzińska M, Grygier A, Ying Q, Chakradhari S, Sahu PK, Mišina I, Urvaka E, Patel KS. Selected Uncommon Legumes as a Source of Essential Fatty Acids, Tocopherols, Tocotrienols, Sterols, Carotenoids, and Squalene. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2019; 74:91-98. [PMID: 30552561 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-018-0706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The seeds of nine species belonging to the Fabaceae family (Cassia alata, Cassia uniflora, Cassia obtusifolia, Cassia tora, Crotalaria albida, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria pallida, Indigofera tinctoria, and Tephrosia purpurea) were studied. The oil yield ranged from 2.0 to 9.6% dw, in the seeds of I. tinctoria and T. purpurea, respectively. The unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) were the predominant group of fatty acids (41-74%) in the investigated samples. The sum of tocopherol homologues α and γ constituted 90-100% of total tocochromanols identified in each species. The β-sitosterol, campesterol, and Δ5-stigmasterol were the main sterols in most of the samples, however, in some of the seeds considerable levels of Δ5-avenasterol, Δ5,24-stigmastadienol, 24-ethylcholest-7-en-3beta-ol, and cycloartenol were also determined. Although the studied seeds were marked by relatively low yield of oil, the predomination of UFA, as well as relevant quantities of tocochromanols, carotenoids, sterols, and squalene (144.3-444.8, 4.1-43.1, 603.2-2590.2, and 0-88.1 mg/100 g oil, respectively), thus, the studied seeds can be considered as an alternative source of valuable ingredients for human nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Górnaś
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia.
| | - Jaroslaw Czubinski
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Analysis, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637, Poznan, Poland
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
| | - Qian Ying
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, 2888 Xincheng Street, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Suryakant Chakradhari
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Pravin Kumar Sahu
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
| | - Inga Mišina
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Elise Urvaka
- Institute of Horticulture, Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, Graudu 1, Dobele, LV-3701, Latvia
| | - Khageshwar Singh Patel
- School of Studies in Chemistry/Environmental Science, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, CG, 492010, India
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Grygier A, Myszka K, Szwengiel A, Stuper-Szablewska K, Pawlicka-Kaczorowska J, Chwatko G, Rudzińska M. Production of Bioactive Compounds by Food Associated Galactomyces geotrichum 38, as Determined by Proteome Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:E471. [PMID: 30813404 PMCID: PMC6412655 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fried cottage cheese is a dairy product, popular in some parts of Poland. Proteomic analysis of a culture of the mold Galactomyces geotrichum 38 isolated from fried cottage cheese was performed using UHPLC/MS. From the proteins identified, we selected those involved in the biosynthesis of bioactive compounds and those useful in industry. In the G. geotrichum 38 culture, the production quantities of vitamin B₂ (224 μg/L), ergosterol (54.63 mg/kg), and trehalose (0.91 g/L) were determined by HPLC. The identified proteins were also used to prepare a hypothetical fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, and the percentage of individual sphingolipids in the culture was determined. Sphingolipids are also bioactive compounds. During culturing of G. geotrichum 38, the percentage of three sphingolipids increased. The last step of the research was to prepare a model of fried cottage cheese. The mold G. geotrichum 38, used in the process of ripening fried cottage cheese, synthesized vitamin B₂ and erogsterol, which influenced the nutritional value of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grygier
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Kamila Myszka
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Artur Szwengiel
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Kinga Stuper-Szablewska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Joanna Pawlicka-Kaczorowska
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 48, 60-627 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Chwatko
- Department of Environmental Chemistry, University of Łódź, Pomorska 163, 90-236 Łódź, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Rudzińska
- Institute of Food Technology of Plant Origin, University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznań, Poland.
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