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Rathore SS, Sharma K, Shekhawat K, Babu S, Sanketh G, Singh V, Singh RK, Upadhyay PK, Hashim M, Jangir R, Singh H. Sulfonated nitrogen and added-sulfur sources influence productivity, quality, and nutrient acquisition of soybean-wheat cropping system. Heliyon 2024; 10:e26815. [PMID: 38439864 PMCID: PMC10909715 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Soybean-wheat is the predominant cropping system covering >2.5 Mha area in India. The lower productivity of soybean-wheat cropping system (SWCS), remains a serious concern primarily due to inadequate nutrient management. Increasing sulfur (S) deficiency is widespread, especially under oilseed-based cropping system. Hence, to standardize the S requirement through customized fertilization, an experiment was conducted in completely randomized block design (RBD) comprised of 12 nutrient sources, replicated thrice. The study aims to evaluate the agronomic performance of sulfonated nitrogen (SN) in comparison to conventional S nutrient sources in SWCS. The maximum soybean productivity was recorded under NPK + S through 40-0-0-13 (SN1), although NPK + 50% S (15 kg/ha) as basal and 50% (15 kg/ha) as top dressing through SN2 10-0-0-75 produced maximum wheat grain yield. When compared with no nitrogen (control), the application of 30 kg S ha-1 to both crops increased the productivity of the soybean-wheat cropping system up to 39%. The maximum system (SWCS) productivity (8.45 tha-1) was obtained with the application of 50% S as basal and 50% as top dressing (SN2-based), remaining N through urea. The highest sustainable yield index of soybean (SYIS), i.e. 0.90 was under SN1+ remaining N through urea and likewise highest sustainable yield index of wheat (SYIW) was under S splitting. The application of SN also improved the nutrient acquisition and grain quality of soybean and wheat with a positive nutrient balance in the soil. The protein content and yield of soybean and wheat grains also improved. The higher gluten content in wheat grain was produced with 60 kg S ha-1 applied. The agronomic efficiency of N and S (AEN and AEs) were highest under SN1 and SN2, respectively (32.8 kg grain/kg N applied; 15 kg grain/kg S applied) in soybean, however in wheat, S splitting and urea application resulted in highest agronomic efficiency (AEN and AES) of N and S (17.1 kg grain/kg N applied; 22.3 kg grain/kg S applied respectively). Hence splitting of S doses of SN along with urea and recommend P, K was found efficient for the soybean-wheat cropping system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Singh Rathore
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - K.C. Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Indore Centre, 452 001, India
| | - Kapila Shekhawat
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Subhash Babu
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - G.D. Sanketh
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - V.K. Singh
- ICAR- Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, 500 059, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rajiv K. Singh
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Pravin Kumar Upadhyay
- Division of Agronomy, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Mohd Hashim
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Samastipur Centre, 848 125, India
| | - Rameti Jangir
- Department of Agronomy, Agricultural University, Jodhpur, 342 304, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harvir Singh
- ICAR- Directorate of Rapeseed Mustard Research, 321 303, India
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Das A, Thomas KRJ. Tuning Selectivity in the Visible-Light-Promoted Coupling of Thiols with Alkenes by EDA vs TOCO Complex Formation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:18275-18289. [PMID: 37251145 PMCID: PMC10210280 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The visible-light-promoted catalyst-free condition has been demonstrated for self- and cross-coupling reactions of thiols in an ambient atmosphere. Further, synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides is accomplished under very mild conditions involving the formation of an electron donor-acceptor (EDA) complex between a disulfide and an alkene. However, the direct reaction of thiol with alkene via the formation of a thiol-oxygen co-oxidation (TOCO) complex failed to produce the desired compounds in high yields. The protocol was successful with several aryl and alkyl thiols for the formation of disulfides. However, the formation of β-hydroxysulfides required an aromatic unit on the disulfide fragment, which supports the formation of the EDA complex during the course of the reaction. The approaches presented in this paper for the coupling reaction of thiols and the synthesis of β-hydroxysulfides are unique and do not require toxic organic or metal catalysts.
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Reddy RJ, Kumari AH, Sharadha N, Krishna GR. Solvent-Driven Mono- and Bis-sulfenylation of ( E)-β-Iodovinyl Sulfones with Thiols for Flexible Synthesis of 1,2-Thiosulfonylalkenes and 1,2-Dithioalkenes. J Org Chem 2022; 87:3934-3951. [PMID: 35245070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nature of solvent is a key factor for stereoselective mono- and bis-thiolation of (E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones with thiols under basic conditions. A novel and unprecedented vicinal bisthiolation of (E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones with thiols under the influence of K2CO3/DMSO at room temperature for quick assembly of (E)-1,2-dithio-1-alkenes is presented. Solvent-induced stereoselective monosulfenylation of (E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones with thiols has also been established for the synthesis of both (E)- and (Z)-1,2-thiosulfonylethenes in MeCN and MeOH, respectively. Moreover, K2CO3-mediated desulfonylative-sulfenylation of (Z)-1,2-thiosulfonylethenes with thiols in DMSO furnished unsymmetrical (Z)-1,2-dithio-1-alkenes for the first time. The solvent-dependent versatile reactivity of (E)-β-iodovinyl sulfones has been successfully explored to provide a set of (E)-/(Z)-1,2-dithio-1-alkenes and (E)-/(Z)-1,2-thiosulfonyl-1-alkenes in good to high yields with excellent stereoselectivities. Notably, this operationally simple process utilizes a broad substrate scope with good functional group tolerance and compatibility. The efficacy of the process has been proven for gram-scale reactions, and plausible mechanistic models are outlined on the basis of experimental results and control experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Jannapu Reddy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Arram Haritha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Nunavath Sharadha
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Gamidi Rama Krishna
- X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411 008, India
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Kurmanbayeva M, Sekerova T, Tileubayeva Z, Kaiyrbekov T, Kusmangazinov A, Shapalov S, Madenova A, Burkitbayev M, Bachilova N. Influence of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on performance of wheat yield. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4644-4655. [PMID: 34354451 PMCID: PMC8324966 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Wheat is the main cereal crop in Kazakhstan and fertilizers play an important role in enhancing harvest growth. In this study, the impact of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat was evaluated, and the resistance of varieties to Puccinia triticina Erikss was also investigated. (also known as Puccinia recondite Rob. ex Desm.) for recommendations in agriculture. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 in a nursery and greenhouse. The sulfur-containing fertilizer contains nutrients that allow you to extend the duration of absorption by the plant, thereby extending the period of their availability to plants, compared to conventional preparations. By encapsulating molten elemental sulfur and impregnating with a solution of calcium polysulfide, a long-acting compound based on amorphous and monocalcium phosphate was developed. The sulfur is in a water-soluble sulfate form, which, in turn, is slowly oxidized by bacteria and retained in the soil. Three different types of the developed sulfur-containing nano-particle have been used to test in greenhouses and nurseries: powdered, pasty sulfur-containing composition, and a solution of calcium polysulfide. The results showed that the use of powdered and dissolved sulfur-containing fertilizers contributed to the early ripeness and increased productivity of wheat. Wheat varieties were tested for the presence of key Lr genes that determine resistance to brown rust. The Omskaya 29 sample showed an immune response according to phytopathological assessment, and molecular screening revealed four resistance genes. The new sulfur-containing product is recommended for improving wheat productivity in agriculture, and the Omskaya 29 variety can also be used as a valuable breeding material resistant to brown rust.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Aigul Madenova
- Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Kazakhstan
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