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Emran M, Ibrahim OM, Wali AM, Darwish KM, Badr Eldin RM, Alomran MM, El-Tahan AM. Assessing Soil Quality, Wheat Crop Yield, and Water Productivity under Condition of Deficit Irrigation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1462. [PMID: 38891271 PMCID: PMC11174773 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Wheat is one of the most important cereal crops in Egypt and all over the world. Its productivity is adversely affected by drought due to deficient irrigation to provide nutrients required for plant growth. In a field experiment, silicon foliar applications at concentrations of 0, 200, and 400 mg L-1 were performed at different irrigation rates ranging from 1000 to 4000 m3 ha-1 to assess water irrigation productivity and wheat crop yield in a calcareous soil under arid climate conditions. Increased irrigation rates led to a significant increase in soil nutrient dynamics, as well as in the number and weight of grains per spike, leaf area index, grain yield, straw yield, and biological yield, with the exception of the weight of 1000 grains. Spraying with sodium silicate had a significant impact on grain yield and harvest index but did not significantly impact the other traits. Furthermore, the interaction between irrigation and silicate application rates showed significance only for grain yield, the number of spikes/m2, and the harvest index. Applying three times irrigation could produce the highest nutrient retention, wheat yield, and water irrigation productivity. No significance was observed between 3000 m3 ha-1 and 4000 m3 ha-1 irrigation, indicating a saving of 25% of applied irrigation water. It can be concluded that applying irrigation at 3000 m3 ha-1 could be a supplemental irrigation strategy. High wheat grain yield can be achieved under deficit irrigation (3000 m3 ha-1) on the northwestern coast of Egypt with an arid climate by spraying crops with sodium silicate at a rate of 400 mg L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Emran
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt; (M.E.); (O.M.I.); (A.M.E.-T.)
| | - Omar M. Ibrahim
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt; (M.E.); (O.M.I.); (A.M.E.-T.)
| | - Asal M. Wali
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt; (M.E.); (O.M.I.); (A.M.E.-T.)
| | - Khaled M. Darwish
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt; (M.E.); (O.M.I.); (A.M.E.-T.)
| | - Rasha M. Badr Eldin
- Department of Soil and Water Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Maryam M. Alomran
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira M. El-Tahan
- Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute (ALCRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Egypt; (M.E.); (O.M.I.); (A.M.E.-T.)
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Albdaiwi R, Al-Sayaydeh R, Al-Rifaee MK, Alhindi T, Ashraf M, Al-Abdallat AM. Halotolerant Endophytic Bacteria Regulate Growth and Field Performance of Two Durum Wheat Genotypes with Contrasting Salinity Tolerance Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1179. [PMID: 38732394 PMCID: PMC11085664 DOI: 10.3390/plants13091179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinity hampers durum wheat plant growth and development at various stages. The detrimental effects of salinity on plant cellular and physiological processes necessitate strategies to alleviate its negative impact and improve overall crop yield. This study investigates the efficacy of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) bacteria inoculation in mitigating salinity stress on two durum wheat genotypes with contrasting degrees of salinity tolerance (Tamaroi, salt-sensitive and Line 5004, salt-tolerant) under greenhouse and field conditions. For this purpose, two halotolerant-PGPR strains, Pseudomonas jordanii strain G34 and Oceanobacillus jordanicus strain GSFE11, were utilized for the inoculation. For the greenhouse experiment, the two selected genotypes were subjected to salinity at the flag leaf stage with continuous irrigation with a Hoagland solution supplemented with 50 mM NaCl. Field experiments were conducted across two locations with contrasting salinity levels over two growing seasons. At the end of both experiments, various parameters including total weight, spike weight, grain weight, spike number, spikelet number, grains per spike and thousand kernel weight were measured. The halotolerant PGPRs, P. jordanii strain G34 and O. jordanicus strain GSFE11, proved effective in alleviating salinity-induced adverse effects and enhancing growth under greenhouse and field conditions. However, bacterial inoculation significantly improved growth in the salt-sensitive genotype and such effects were not observed in the tolerant genotype, emphasizing genotype-specific responses. Notably, inoculation with O. jordanicus increased Na+ and Ca2+ uptake in the salt-tolerant "Line 5004" without hindering growth, suggesting one of its potential mechanisms for salt tolerance. This research demonstrates the potential of halotolerant-PGPR inoculation in enhancing durum wheat production in saline environments, but also underscores the importance of understanding genotype-specific responses for tailored interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Albdaiwi
- Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan
| | - Rabea Al-Sayaydeh
- Department of Agriculture Sciences, Faculty of Shoubak College, Al-Balqa Applied University, Al-Salt 19117, Jordan;
| | | | - Tareq Alhindi
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
- Hamdi Mango Center for Scientific Research (HMCSR), The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54590, Pakistan;
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Ayed M. Al-Abdallat
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
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Khan MM, Rahman MM, Hasan MM, Amin MF, Matin MQI, Faruq G, Alkeridis LA, Gaber A, Hossain A. Assessment of the salt tolerance of diverse bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes during the early growth stage under hydroponic culture conditions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29042. [PMID: 38601562 PMCID: PMC11004879 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Soil salinity affects the growth of crop plants, leading to reduced productivity, and is a major challenge for wheat production worldwide. Various adaptations and mitigation approaches in combination with tolerant wheat genotypes can be useful for the sustainability of crop production in saline environments. However, the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes is one of the best and most efficient solutions for obtaining desirable yields. Considering these issues, an investigation was carried out under hydroponic nutrient culture conditions to assess the genetic variability and selection of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes by categorizing inequitable morphophysiological and genetic variability as well as multivariate analysis. Methods To meet the objectives of this study, 100 wheat genotypes were tested hydroponically in 0 (control) and 15 dS m-1 salt solutions. Conclusion For all the wheat genotypes grown under saline conditions, the shoot length (SL), root length (RL), shoot fresh weight (SFW), root fresh weight (RFW), total fresh weight (TFW), shoot dry weight (SDW), root dry weight (RDW), and total dry weight (TDW) decreased significantly. Furthermore, significant variation was observed among the genotypes in terms of their characteristics only under saline conditions. In the case of genetic diversity analysis, a high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV), genetic advance in the percentage of the mean (GAM) and high heritability (h2b) were recorded for all tested wheat genotypes based on the SDW, RDW and TDW. Correlation analysis for both genotypic and phenotypic relationships revealed strong positive correlations for TDW, SDW, TFW and SFW. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that TDW, TFW, SDW, and SFW were the most discriminative variables for the wheat genotypes, which was confirmed by discriminant function analysis (DFA). PCA-biplot analysis also revealed significant positive correlations between SDW and SFW and between TDW and TFW. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed for ten clusters based on the relative performance of the genotypes, where the genotypes were characterized into salt-tolerant, medium-salt-tolerant, medium-salt-susceptible and salt-susceptible groups. Among the genotypes, G11, G25 and G29 under cluster VII were categorized as salt tolerant based on their outstanding performance in terms of characteristics only under saline conditions. D2 analysis proved that the wheat genotypes of this cluster were highly divergent from the other cluster genotypes; as a result, these genotypes might be utilized as parents in the development of salt-tolerant wheat genotypes. The current study concluded that SDW and TDW could be employed as criteria for selecting and defining salt-tolerant genotypes during the early growth stage of wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Mustafa Khan
- Regional Station, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Regional Station, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mahamudul Hasan
- Regional Station, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Forhad Amin
- Regional Station, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Gazipur, 1701, Bangladesh
| | | | - Golam Faruq
- Wheat Breeding Division, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Nashipur, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Lamya Ahmed Alkeridis
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Gaber
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, B.O. Box 11099, 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Nashipur, Dinajpur, 5200, Bangladesh
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Rubab M, Jannat S, Freeg H, Abbas H, Attia KA, Fiaz S, Zahra N, Uzair M, Inam S, Shah AH, Kimiko I, Naeem MK, Khan MR. Evaluation of functional kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers for selection of drought-tolerant wheat ( Triticum aestivum) genotypes. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2024; 51:NULL. [PMID: 37308134 DOI: 10.1071/fp23032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum ) is a major crop around the globe and different techniques are being used for its productivity enhancement. Germplasm evaluation to improve crop productivity mainly depends on accurate phenotyping and selection of genotypes with a high frequency of superior alleles related to the trait of interest. Therefore, applying functional kompetitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) markers for drought-related genes is essential to characterise the genotypes for developing future climate-resilient wheat crop. In this study, eight functional KASP markers and nine morphological traits were employed to evaluate the 40 wheat genotypes for drought tolerance. Morphological traits showed significant variation (P ≤0.05) among the genotypes, except tiller count (TC), fresh root weight (FRW) and dry root weight (DRW). PCA biplot showed that 63.3% phenotypic variation was explained by the first two PCs under control treatment, while 70.8% variation was explained under drought treatment. It also indicated that root length (RL) and primary root (PR) have considerable variations among the genotypes under both treatments and are positively associated with each other. Hence, the findings of this study suggested that both these traits could be used as a selection criterion to classify the drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. KASP genotyping accompanied by morphological data revealed that genotypes Markaz, Bhakar Star, China 2, Aas and Chakwal-50 performed better under drought stress. These outperforming genotypes could be used as parents in developing drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. Hence, KASP genotyping assay for functional genes or significant haplotypes and phenotypic evaluation are prerequisites for a modern breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marya Rubab
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan; and Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Summiya Jannat
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Haytham Freeg
- Rice Biotechnology Lab., Rice Research and Training Center, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Kafrelsheikh 33717, Egypt
| | - Hina Abbas
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Kotb A Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, POX 2455-11451, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Nageen Zahra
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Safeena Inam
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Asad Hussain Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Kotli, Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Itoh Kimiko
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Ikarashi-2, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Naeem
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan
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Li J, Abbas K, Wang L, Gong B, Hou S, Wang W, Dai B, Xia H, Wu X, Lü G, Gao H. Drought resistance index screening and evaluation of lettuce under water deficit conditions on the basis of morphological and physiological differences. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1228084. [PMID: 37780513 PMCID: PMC10540308 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1228084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Water is one of the important factors affecting the yield of leafy vegetables. Lettuce, as a widely planted vegetable, requires frequent irrigation due to its shallow taproot and high leaf evaporation rate. Therefore, screening drought-resistant genotypes is of great significance for lettuce production. Methods In the present study, significant variations were observed among 13 morphological and physiological traits of 42 lettuce genotypes under normal irrigation and water-deficient conditions. Results Frequency analysis showed that soluble protein (SP) was evenly distributed across six intervals. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted to transform the 13 indexes into four independent comprehensive indicators with a cumulative contribution ratio of 94.83%. The stepwise regression analysis showed that root surface area (RSA), root volume (RV), belowground dry weight (BDW), soluble sugar (SS), SP, and leaf relative water content (RWC) could be used to evaluate and predict the drought resistance of lettuce genotypes. Furthermore, the drought resistance ranks of the genotypes were similar according to the drought resistance comprehensive evaluation value (D value), comprehensive drought resistance coefficient (CDC), and weight drought resistance coefficient (WDC). The cluster analysis enabled the division of the 42 genotypes into five drought resistance groups; among them, variety Yidali151 was divided into group I as a strongly drought-resistant variety, group II included 6 drought-resistant genotypes, group III included 16 moderately drought-resistant genotypes, group IV included 12 drought-sensitive genotypes, and group V included 7 highly drought-sensitive genotypes. Moreover, a representative lettuce variety was selected from each of the five groups to verify its water resistance ability under water deficit conditions. In the drought-resistant variety, it was observed that stomatal density, superoxide anion (O2.-wfi2) production rate, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content exhibited a low increase rate, while catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and that peroxidase (POD) activity exhibited a higher increase than in the drought-sensitive variety. Discussion In summary, the identified genotypes are important because their drought-resistant traits can be used in future drought-resistant lettuce breeding programs and water-efficient cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingrui Li
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Kumail Abbas
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Binbin Gong
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shenglin Hou
- Research Management Department, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Weihong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Bowen Dai
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Hui Xia
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- College of Urban and Rural Construction, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaolei Wu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Guiyun Lü
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Hongbo Gao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Irrigation Engineering, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Saleem B, Uzair M, Noman M, Attia KA, Zhang M, Alwahaibi MS, Zahra N, Naeem MK, Mohammed AA, Fiaz S, Kimiko I, Khan MR. Evaluation of sugarcane promising clones based on the morphophysiological traits developed from fuzz. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15646. [PMID: 37456879 PMCID: PMC10340094 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane is one of the critical commercial crops and principal sources of ethanol and sugar worldwide. Unfavorable conditions and poor seed setting rates hinder variety development in sugarcane. Countries like Pakistan directly import fuzz (true seed) and other propagation material from the USA, China, Brazil, etc. In this study, we imported fuzz from China, developed 29 genotypes germinating in the glasshouse, and evaluated at field conditions along with two local checks (CPF-251 and HSF-240). Morphophysiological data were recorded, including plant height (PH), cane length (CL), internodal length (IL), tiller number (TN), brix percentage (B), cane diameter (CD), chlorophyll a (Chl. a), chlorophyll b (Chl. b), and total chlorophyll (T. Chl). Results showed highly significant (p < 0.001) differences among the sugarcane accessions for all the studied traits. High broad-sense heritability (81.89% to 99.91%) was recorded for all the studied parameters. Genetic Advance (GA) ranges from 4.6% to 65.32%. The highest GA was observed for PH (65.32%), followed by CL (63.28%). Chlorophyll leaching assay was also performed at different time points (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 min). All the genotypes showed the same leaching trend at all times, and better performing genotypes showed less leaching compared to poor performing, indicating the high amount of cutin and wax on the leaf surface. Correlation analysis showed that PH, CL, IL, and TN had significant associations. Principal components analysis (PCA) further confirms these results. Based on PCA and correlation results, PH, CL, IL, and TN can be utilized as a selection criterion for sugarcane improvement. Genotypes such as NS-4a, NS-5, NS-6, NS-8, NS-9, and NS-15 are recommended for future breeding programs related to sugarcane variety development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Saleem
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Uzair
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Noman
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Kotb A. Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muqing Zhang
- Guangxi Key Lab for Sugarcane Biology, State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-Biological Resources, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Mona S. Alwahaibi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Al-Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nageen Zahra
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kashif Naeem
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif A. Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajid Fiaz
- Plant Breeding and Genetics, The University of Haripur, Haripur, Pakistan
| | - Itoh Kimiko
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Muhammad Ramzan Khan
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Marghoob MU, Nawaz A, Ahmad M, Waheed MQ, Khan MH, Imtiaz M, Islam EU, Imran A, Mubeen F. Assessment of halotolerant bacterial and fungal consortia for augmentation of wheat in saline soils. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1207784. [PMID: 37455747 PMCID: PMC10347533 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1207784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptations of green technologies to counter abiotic stress, including salinity for crops like wheat by using halotolerant microbes, is a promising approach. The current study investigated 17 salt-affected agroecological zones from the Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan to explore the potential of indigenous microbial flora, with their multiple biochemical characteristics in addition to plant growth promoting (PGP) traits, for enhanced wheat production in saline areas. Initially, 297 isolated pure bacterial colonies were screened for salt tolerance, biochemical, and PGP traits. Three bacterial strains belonging to Pantoea spp. and Erwinia rhaphontici with possession of multiple characteristics were selected for the development of the halotolerant bacterial consortium. Inoculation of two local wheat varieties, Faisalabad 2008 and Galaxy 2013, with the consortium for in vitro seed germination assay and sand microcosm experiments exhibited significant improvement of selected plant growth parameters like germination percentage and root structure. Two previously reported PGP fungal strains of Trichoderma harzianum and T. viridae were also used as fungal consortium separately for pot experiments and field trials. The pot experiments exhibited a positive correlation of consortia with metabolic viz. catalase, peroxidase, and proline and agronomical parameters including shoot length, dry weight, number of spikes, spike length, and 100 grain weight. To evaluate their performance under natural environmental conditions, field trials were conducted at three salt-affected sites. Agronomical attributes including days of flowering and maturity, flag leaf weight, length and width, shoot length, number of spikes, spike length, spike weight, number of seeds spike-1, 1,000 grain weight, and plot yield indicated the efficiency of these microbes to enhance wheat growth. Concisely, the bacterial consortium showed better performance and Faisalabad 2008 was a more resistant variety as compared to Galaxy 2013. Initial promising results indicate that further extensive research on indigenous microbes might lead to the development of Pakistan's first saline-specific biofertilizers and sustainable eco-friendly agriculture practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usama Marghoob
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aniqa Nawaz
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahmad
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qandeel Waheed
- Plant Breeding and Genetic Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassaan Khan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imtiaz
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ejaz ul Islam
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asma Imran
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fathia Mubeen
- Soil and Environmental Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College of Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Islamabad, Pakistan
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Bao X, Hou X, Duan W, Yin B, Ren J, Wang Y, Liu X, Gu L, Zhen W. Screening and evaluation of drought resistance traits of winter wheat in the North China Plain. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1194759. [PMID: 37396647 PMCID: PMC10313073 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1194759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Drought-resistant varieties are an important way to address the conflict between wheat's high water demand and the scarcity of water resources in the North China Plain (NCP). Drought stress impacts many morphological and physiological indicators in winter wheat. To increase the effectiveness of breeding drought-tolerant varieties, choosing indices that can accurately indicate a variety's drought resistance is advantageous. Results From 2019 to 2021, 16 representative winter wheat cultivars were cultivated in the field, and 24 traits, including morphological, photosynthetic, physiological, canopy, and yield component traits, were measured to evaluate the drought tolerance of the cultivars. Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to transform 24 conventional traits into 7 independent, comprehensive indices, and 10 drought tolerance indicators were screened out by regression analysis. The 10 drought tolerance indicators were plant height (PH), spike number (SN), spikelet per spike(SP), canopy temperature (CT), leaf water content (LWC), photosynthetic rate (A), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), peroxidase activity (POD), malondialdehyde content (MDA), and abscisic acid (ABA). In addition, through membership function and cluster analysis, 16 wheat varieties were divided into 3 categories: drought-resistant, drought weak sensitive, and drought-sensitive. Conclusion JM418, HM19,SM22, H4399, HG35, and GY2018 exhibited excellent drought tolerance and,therefore, can be used as ideal references to study the drought tolerance mechanism in wheat and breeding drought-tolerant wheat cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Bao
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoyang Hou
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Weiwei Duan
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Baozhong Yin
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Baoding, China
| | - Jianhong Ren
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yandong Wang
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xuejing Liu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- College of Clinical Medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Limin Gu
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Baoding, China
| | - Wenchao Zhen
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- Key Laboratory of North China Water-saving Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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9
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Evaluation of Green Super Rice Lines for Agronomic and Physiological Traits under Salinity Stress. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111461. [PMID: 35684234 PMCID: PMC9182741 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important staple food crop worldwide, especially in east and southeast Asia. About one-third of rice cultivated area is under saline soil, either natural saline soils or irrigation with brackish water. Salinity stress is among the devastating abiotic stresses that not only affect rice growth and crop productivity but also limit its cultivation area globally. Plants adopt multiple tolerance mechanisms at the morphological, physiological, and biochemical levels to tackle salinity stress. To identify these tolerance mechanisms, this study was carried out under both a controlled glass house as well as natural saline field conditions using 22 green super rice (GSR) lines along with two local varieties (“IRRI 6 and Kissan Basmati”). Several morpho-physiological and biochemical parameters along with stress-responsive genes were used as evaluation criteria under normal and salinity stress conditions. Correlation and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) suggested that shoot-related parameters and the salt susceptible index (SSI) can be used for the identification of salt-tolerant genotypes. Based on Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster (AHC) analysis, two saline-tolerant (“S19 and S20”) and saline-susceptible (“S3 and S24”) lines were selected for further molecular evaluation. Quantitative RT-PCR was performed, and results showed that expression of 1-5-phosphoribosyl -5-5-phosphoribosyl amino methylidene amino imidazole-4-carboxamide isomerase, DNA repair protein recA, and peptide transporter PTR2 related genes were upregulated in salt-tolerant genotypes, suggesting their potential role in salinity tolerance. However, additional validation using reverse genetics approaches will further confirm their specific role in salt tolerance. Identified saline-tolerant lines in this study will be useful genetic resources for future salinity breeding programs.
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