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Shi J, Wen W, Long J, Gamazon ER, Tao R, Cai Q. Genetic correlation and causal associations between psychiatric disorders and lung cancer risk. J Affect Disord 2024; 356:647-656. [PMID: 38657774 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with certain psychiatric disorders have increased lung cancer incidence. However, establishing a causal relationship through traditional epidemiological methods poses challenges. METHODS Available summary statistics of genome-wide association studies of cigarette smoking, lung cancer, and eight psychiatric disorders, including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, depression, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, insomnia, neuroticism, and schizophrenia (range N: 46,350-1,331,010) were leveraged to estimate genetic correlations using Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression and assess causal effect of each psychiatric disorder on lung cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) models, comprising inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger, pleiotropy residual sum and outlier testing (MR-PRESSO), and a constrained maximum likelihood approach (cML-MR). RESULTS Significant positive correlations were observed between each psychiatric disorder and both smoking and lung cancer (all FDR < 0.05), except for the correlation between autism and lung cancer. Both univariable and the cML-MA MR analyses demonstrated that liability to schizophrenia, depression, ADHD, or insomnia was associated with an increased risk of overall lung cancer. Genetic liability to insomnia was linked specifically to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), while genetic liability to ADHD was associated with an elevated risk of both SCC and small cell lung cancer (all P < 0.05). The later was further supported by multivariable MR analyses, which accounted for smoking. LIMITATIONS Participants were constrained to European ancestry populations. Causal estimates from binary psychiatric disorders may be biased. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest appropriate management of several psychiatric disorders, particularly ADHD, may potentially reduce the risk of developing lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Shi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Jirong Long
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Eric R Gamazon
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Data Science Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Clare Hall, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 9AL, UK; MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0SL, UK
| | - Ran Tao
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
| | - Qiuyin Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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Jin T, Huang W, Pang Q, He Z, Yuan L, Zhang H, Xing D, Guo S, Zhang T. Inferring the genetic effects of serum homocysteine and vitamin B levels on autism spectral disorder through Mendelian randomization. Eur J Nutr 2024; 63:977-986. [PMID: 38265752 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The previous studies have suggested that serum homocysteine (Hcy) and vitamin B levels are potentially related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the causality between their concentrations and ASD risk remains unclear. To elucidate this genetic association, we used a Mendelian randomization (MR) design. METHODS For this MR analysis, 47 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-13 related to Hcy, 13 to folate, 14 to vitamin B6, and 7 to vitamin B12-were obtained from a large-scale Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) database and employed as instrumental variables (IVs). Our study used three approaches to calculate the MR estimates, including inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, MR-Egger method, and weighted median (WM) method. Among these, the IVW method served as our primary MR method. False discovery rate (FDR) was implemented to correct for multiple comparisons. We also performed a series of sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger's intercept, MR-PRESSO, leave-one-out analysis, and the funnel plot. RESULTS Univariable Mendelian randomization (UVMR) analysis revealed a statistical association between serum vitamin B12 levels and ASD risk (OR = 1.68, 95% CI 1.12-2.52, P = 0.01) using the IVW method. However, neither the WM method (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 0.93-2.66, P = 0.09) nor the MR-Egger method (OR = 2.33, 95% CI 0.48-11.19, P = 0.34) was significantly association with higher levels of serum vitamin B12 and ASD risk. Additionally, we found no evidence of causal relationships between serum levels of vitamin B6, folate, Hcy, and ASD risk. After correcting for the FDR, the causality between serum vitamin B12 levels and ASD risk remained significant (q value = 0.0270). Multivariate Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis indicated an independent association between elevated serum vitamin B12 levels and the risk of ASD (OR = 1.74, 95% CI 1.03-2.95, P = 0.03) using the IVW method, but this finding was inconsistent when using the WM method (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 0.89-3.36, P = 0.11) and MR-Egger method (OR = 1.60, 95% CI 0.95-2.71, P = 0.08). Furthermore, no causal associations were observed for serum levels of vitamin B6 and folate in MVMR analysis. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that these results were reliable. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that elevated serum vitamin B12 levels might increase the risk of ASD. The potential implications of our results for ASD risk warrant validation in randomized clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
- Drum Tower Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiongyi Pang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zitian He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Linran Yuan
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haojie Zhang
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dalin Xing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shunyuan Guo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Neurology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
- Beijing Bo'ai Hospital, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, China.
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3
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Palagini L, Geoffroy PA, Gehrman PR, Miniati M, Gemignani A, Riemann D. Potential genetic and epigenetic mechanisms in insomnia: A systematic review. J Sleep Res 2023; 32:e13868. [PMID: 36918298 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Insomnia is a stress-related sleep disorder conceptualised within a diathesis-stress framework, which it is thought to result from predisposing factors interacting with precipitating stressful events that trigger the development of insomnia. Among predisposing factors genetics and epigenetics may play a role. A systematic review of the current evidence for the genetic and epigenetic basis of insomnia was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) system. A total of 24 studies were collected for twins and family heritability, 55 for genome-wide association studies, 26 about candidate genes for insomnia, and eight for epigenetics. Data showed that insomnia is a complex polygenic stress-related disorder, and it is likely to be caused by a synergy of genetic and environmental factors, with stress-related sleep reactivity being the important trait. Even if few studies have been conducted to date on insomnia, epigenetics may be the framework to understand long-lasting consequences of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors and effects of stress on the brain in insomnia. Interestingly, polygenic risk for insomnia has been causally linked to different mental and medical disorders. Probably, by treating insomnia it would be possible to intervene on the effect of stress on the brain and prevent some medical and mental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palagini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana AUOP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Pierre A Geoffroy
- Département de Psychiatrie et D'Addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hopital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Paris, France
- GHU Paris - Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Paris, France
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, INSERM, Paris, France
| | - Philip R Gehrman
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Mario Miniati
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana AUOP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Gemignani
- Unit of Psychology, Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana AUOP, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dieter Riemann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Castillejos-López M, Romero Y, Varela-Ordoñez A, Flores-Soto E, Romero-Martinez BS, Velázquez-Cruz R, Vázquez-Pérez JA, Ruiz V, Gomez-Verjan JC, Rivero-Segura NA, Camarena Á, Torres-Soria AK, Gonzalez-Avila G, Sommer B, Solís-Chagoyán H, Jaimez R, Torres-Espíndola LM, Aquino-Gálvez A. Hypoxia Induces Alterations in the Circadian Rhythm in Patients with Chronic Respiratory Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:2724. [PMID: 38067152 PMCID: PMC10706372 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of the circadian cycle is to determine the natural 24 h biological rhythm, which includes physiological, metabolic, and hormonal changes that occur daily in the body. This cycle is controlled by an internal biological clock that is present in the body's tissues and helps regulate various processes such as sleeping, eating, and others. Interestingly, animal models have provided enough evidence to assume that the alteration in the circadian system leads to the appearance of numerous diseases. Alterations in breathing patterns in lung diseases can modify oxygenation and the circadian cycles; however, the response mechanisms to hypoxia and their relationship with the clock genes are not fully understood. Hypoxia is a condition in which the lack of adequate oxygenation promotes adaptation mechanisms and is related to several genes that regulate the circadian cycles, the latter because hypoxia alters the production of melatonin and brain physiology. Additionally, the lack of oxygen alters the expression of clock genes, leading to an alteration in the regularity and precision of the circadian cycle. In this sense, hypoxia is a hallmark of a wide variety of lung diseases. In the present work, we intended to review the functional repercussions of hypoxia in the presence of asthma, chronic obstructive sleep apnea, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, obstructive sleep apnea, influenza, and COVID-19 and its repercussions on the circadian cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Castillejos-López
- Departamento de Epidemiología e Infectología Hospitalaria, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Yair Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Angelica Varela-Ordoñez
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico; (A.V.-O.); (A.K.T.-S.)
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (R.J.)
| | - Bianca S. Romero-Martinez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (R.J.)
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14610, Mexico;
| | - Joel Armando Vázquez-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular de Enfermedades Emergentes y EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enferdades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Víctor Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (INP), Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Juan C. Gomez-Verjan
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), Mexico City 10200, Mexico; (J.C.G.-V.); (N.A.R.-S.)
| | - Nadia A. Rivero-Segura
- Dirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Geriatría (INGER), Mexico City 10200, Mexico; (J.C.G.-V.); (N.A.R.-S.)
| | - Ángel Camarena
- Laboratorio de Inmunobiología y Genética, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Ana Karen Torres-Soria
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico; (A.V.-O.); (A.K.T.-S.)
| | - Georgina Gonzalez-Avila
- Laboratorio de Oncología Biomédica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Bettina Sommer
- Departamento de Investigación en Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Cognitiva, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Cognitivas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca 62209, Mexico;
| | - Ruth Jaimez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.F.-S.); (B.S.R.-M.); (R.J.)
| | | | - Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas (INER), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Kim H, Ji W, Lee JW, Jo MW, Yun SC, Lee SW, Choi CM, Lee GD, Lee HJ, Cho E, Lee Y, Chung S. Cancer-Related Dysfunctional Beliefs About Sleep Mediate the Influence of Sleep Disturbance on Fear of Progression Among Patients With Surgically Resected Lung Cancer. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e236. [PMID: 37550804 PMCID: PMC10412036 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is associated with significant psychological distress, including fear of progression (FoP). Because insomnia and depression are highly prevalent and associated with FoP, we examined the association between FoP, insomnia, and depression in cancer patients. Furthermore, we tested the mediation effect of cancer-related dysfunctional beliefs about sleep (C-DBS) on this association. METHODS We analyzed data collected from patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer from a single-center randomized controlled study investigating digital healthcare applications. Baseline demographic and clinical variables were collected. In addition, self-reported questionnaires including the Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, Patients Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), Insomnia Severity Index, and C-DBS were administered. RESULTS Among the 320 enrolled patients with lung cancer, a regression model showed that FoP was predicted by age (β = -0.13, P = 0.007), PHQ-9 (β = 0.35, P < 0.001), and C-DBS (β = 0.28, P < 0.001). Insomnia did not directly influence FoP, but C-DBS mediated the association. Depression directly influenced FoP, but C-DBS did not mediate this association. CONCLUSION Among patients with surgically resected lung cancer, C-DBS mediated the effects of severity of insomnia on FoP. Depression directly influenced FoP, but C-DBS did not influence this association. To reduce FoP among patients with lung cancer, C-DBS should be addressed in the cognitive behavioral therapy module.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harin Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonjun Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Won Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Woo Jo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sung-Chol Yun
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sei Won Lee
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Min Choi
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Geun Dong Lee
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hui Jeong Lee
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eulah Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yura Lee
- Department of Information Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Wu TT, Zou YL, Xu KD, Jiang XR, Zhou MM, Zhang SB, Song CH. Insomnia and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. Public Health 2023; 215:66-74. [PMID: 36645961 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2022.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate existing evidence of prospective cohort studies on associations between insomnia and multiple health outcomes. STUDY DESIGN An umbrella review of meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies. METHODS A systematic search was undertaken in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science from inception to October 2021 to find meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies investigating the association of insomnia with any health outcome. The summary relative risk (SRR) for each meta-analysis was recalculated with random-effects model. The methodological quality and the quality of evidence were assessed by the A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation, respectively. RESULTS A total of 25 published meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies, reporting 63 SRRs for 29 unique outcomes were included. Insomnia was mainly related to cardiovascular outcomes and mental disorders. The former comprised atrial fibrillation (SRR: 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.26 to 1.35), cardiovascular diseases (1.45, 1.29 to 1.64), coronary heart disease (1.28, 1.10 to 1.50), myocardial infarction (1.42, 1.17 to 1.72), and stroke (1.55, 1.39 to 1.72). The latter involved alcohol abuse (1.35, 1.08 to 1.67), all mental disorders (2.16, 1.70 to 3.97), anxiety (3.23, 1.52 to 6.85), depression (2.31, 1.90 to 2.81), suicidal ideation (2.26, 1.79 to 2.86), suicidal attempt (1.99, 1.31 to 3.02), and suicidal death (1.72, 1.42 to 2.08). Besides, insomnia enhanced the risk of Alzheimer's disease (1.51, 1.06 to 2.14) and hyperlipidemia (1.64, 1.53 to 1.76). CONCLUSION Insomnia exhibits considerable adverse outcomes, primarily comprises cardiovascular outcomes and mental disorders, but further studies with robustly designed trials are needed to draw firmer conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T T Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - Y L Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - K D Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - X R Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - M M Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - S B Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China
| | - C H Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China; Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China; State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention & Treatment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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7
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Yoon K, Shin CM, Han K, Jung JH, Jin EH, Lim JH, Kang SJ, Choi YJ, Lee DH. Risk of cancer in patients with insomnia: Nationwide retrospective cohort study (2009-2018). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284494. [PMID: 37083623 PMCID: PMC10121030 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between insomnia and the risk of various cancers using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who underwent a national health examination in 2009 were followed-up until 2018. Newly-diagnosed cancers were collected one year after the baseline. Insomnia was defined as having a diagnosis of F510 or G470 within one year prior to enrollment. The incidence of various cancers was compared between patients with and without insomnia. RESULTS In the overall study population (N = 3,982,012), the risk for any type of cancer was not different between controls and insomnia patients (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.990). However, it was different by age; insomnia increased the risk of any cancer in younger age groups (20-39y and 40-59y, aHR:1.310 and 1.139, respectively) but it significantly decreased the risk in the 60-79y age group (aHR: 0.939). In cancer type, colorectal cancer risk was lower (aHR: 0.872, P < 0.0001), whereas leukemia risk was higher (aHR: 1.402, P < 0.0001) in patients with insomnia than in those without it, regardless of sex. In men, the risk of stomach cancer was lower (aHR: 0.882, P = 0.0003), and the risks of lung (aHR:1.114, P = 0.0005), kidney (aHR 1.226, P = 0.0107), and prostate (aHR:1.101, P = 0.0028) cancers were higher in insomnia patients than in control patients. In women, insomnia patients compared to control patients showed a lower risk of ovarian cancer (aHR:0.856, P = 0.0344, respectively), while they had a higher risk of oral (aHR:1.616, P = 0.002), thyroid (aHR:1.072, P = 0.0192), and nerve (aHR: 1.251, P = 0.016) cancers. CONCLUSION Insomnia is associated with an increased or decreased risk of some cancers, depending on age, cancer type and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichul Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seonam Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheol Min Shin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Kyungdo Han
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Hyung Jung
- Department of Medical Statistics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Hyo Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung Joo Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Healthcare Research Institute, Healthcare System Gangnam Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Jin Choi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
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Lo YJ, Mishra VK, Lo HY, Dubey NK, Lo WC. Clinical Spectrum and Trajectory of Innovative Therapeutic Interventions for Insomnia: A Perspective. Aging Dis 2022:AD.2022.1203. [PMID: 37163444 PMCID: PMC10389812 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing incidences of insomnia in adults, as well as the aging population, have been reported for their negative impact on the quality of life. Insomnia episodes may be associated with neurocognitive, musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal, hepatic, and metabolic disorders. Epidemiological evidence also revealed the association of insomnia with oncologic and asthmatic complications, which has been indicated as bidirectional. Two therapeutic approaches including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and drugs-based therapies are being practiced for a long time. However, the adverse events associated with drugs limit their wide and long-term application. Further, Traditional Chinese medicine, acupressure, and pulsed magnetic field therapy may also provide therapeutic relief. Notably, the recently introduced cryotherapy has been demonstrated as a potential candidate for insomnia which could reduce pain, by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation. It seems that the synergistic therapeutic approach of cryotherapy and the above-mentioned approaches might offer promising prospects to further improve efficacy and safety. Considering these facts, this perspective presents a comprehensive summary of recent advances in pathological aetiologies of insomnia including COVID-19, and its therapeutic management with a greater emphasis on cryotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Navneet Kumar Dubey
- Victory Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taipei 114757, Taiwan
- ShiNeo Technology Co., Ltd., New Taipei City 24262, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Cheng Lo
- Department of Surgery, Division of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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9
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Factors related to quality of life after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in patients with stage I adenocarcinoma lung cancer: A longitudinal study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2022; 61:102225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2022.102225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Chen P, Liu Y, Wen Y, Zhou C. Non-small cell lung cancer in China. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:937-970. [PMID: 36075878 PMCID: PMC9558689 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In China, lung cancer is a primary cancer type with high incidence and mortality. Risk factors for lung cancer include tobacco use, family history, radiation exposure, and the presence of chronic lung diseases. Most early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients miss the optimal timing for treatment due to the lack of clinical presentations. Population-based nationwide screening programs are of significant help in increasing the early detection and survival rates of NSCLC in China. The understanding of molecular carcinogenesis and the identification of oncogenic drivers dramatically facilitate the development of targeted therapy for NSCLC, thus prolonging survival in patients with positive drivers. In the exploration of immune escape mechanisms, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor monotherapy and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor plus chemotherapy have become a standard of care for advanced NSCLC in China. In the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology's guidelines for NSCLC, maintenance immunotherapy is recommended for locally advanced NSCLC after chemoradiotherapy. Adjuvant immunotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy will be approved for resectable NSCLC. In this review, we summarized recent advances in NSCLC in China in terms of epidemiology, biology, molecular pathology, pathogenesis, screening, diagnosis, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Chen
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Yunhuan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care MedicineHuadong HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai200040P. R. China
| | - Yaokai Wen
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
| | - Caicun Zhou
- School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
- Department of Medical OncologyShanghai Pulmonary HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghai200433P. R. China
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11
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Sonti S, Grant SFA. Leveraging genetic discoveries for sleep to determine causal relationships with common complex traits. Sleep 2022; 45:6652497. [PMID: 35908176 PMCID: PMC9548675 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsac180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Sleep occurs universally and is a biological necessity for human functioning. The consequences of diminished sleep quality impact physical and physiological systems such as neurological, cardiovascular, and metabolic processes. In fact, people impacted by common complex diseases experience a wide range of sleep disturbances. It is challenging to uncover the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for decreased sleep quality in many disease systems owing to the lack of suitable sleep biomarkers. However, the discovery of a genetic component to sleep patterns has opened a new opportunity to examine and understand the involvement of sleep in many disease states. It is now possible to use major genomic resources and technologies to uncover genetic contributions to many common diseases. Large scale prospective studies such as the genome wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully revealed many robust genetic signals associated with sleep-related traits. With the discovery of these genetic variants, a major objective of the community has been to investigate whether sleep-related traits are associated with disease pathogenesis and other health complications. Mendelian Randomization (MR) represents an analytical method that leverages genetic loci as proxy indicators to establish causal effect between sleep traits and disease outcomes. Given such variants are randomly inherited at birth, confounding bias is eliminated with MR analysis, thus demonstrating evidence of causal relationships that can be used for drug development and to prioritize clinical trials. In this review, we outline the results of MR analyses performed to date on sleep traits in relation to a multitude of common complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Sonti
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA , USA
| | - Struan F A Grant
- Center for Spatial and Functional Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA , USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
- Institute for Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA , USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine , Philadelphia, PA , USA
- Division of Human Genetics and Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia , Philadelphia, PA , USA
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