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Zimmerman ME, Benasi G, Hale C, Yeung LK, Cochran J, Brickman AM, St-Onge MP. The effects of insufficient sleep and adequate sleep on cognitive function in healthy adults. Sleep Health 2024; 10:229-236. [PMID: 38233280 PMCID: PMC11045317 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Although sleep affects a range of waking behaviors, the majority of studies have focused on sleep loss with relatively little attention on sustained periods of adequate sleep. The goal of this study was to use an experimental design to examine the effect of both of these sleep patterns on cognitive performance in healthy adults. METHODS This study used a randomized crossover design. Participants who regularly slept 7-9 hours/night completed two 6-week intervention conditions, adequate sleep (maintenance of habitual bed/wake times) and insufficient sleep (reduction in sleep of 1.5 hours relative to adequate sleep), separated by a 2-6weeks (median=43days) washout period. Cognitive functioning was evaluated at baseline and endpoint of each intervention using the NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery. General linear models contrasted scores following each condition to the baseline of the first condition; the baseline of the second condition was included to evaluate practice effects. RESULTS Sixty-five participants (age 35.9 ± 4.9years, 89% women, 52% non-White race/ethnicity) completed study procedures. There was improvement in performance on the List Sorting Working Memory task after the adequate sleep condition that exceeded practice effects. Cognitive performance after insufficient sleep did not reach the level expected with practice and did not differ from baseline. A similar pattern was found on the Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention task. CONCLUSIONS These findings contribute to our understanding of the complex interplay between sleep and cognition and demonstrate that consistent, stable sleep of at least 7 hours/night improves working memory and response inhibition in healthy adults. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION The manuscript reports on data from two clinical trials: Impact of Sleep Restriction on Performance in Adults (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02960776, ID Number: NCT02960776) and Impact of Sleep Restriction in Women (URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02835261, ID Number: NCT02835261).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Giada Benasi
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Christiane Hale
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Lok-Kin Yeung
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Justin Cochran
- Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research and Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adam M Brickman
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA; Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Marie-Pierre St-Onge
- Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA; Center of Excellence for Sleep & Circadian Research and Division of General Medicine, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
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Zhang H, Sun H, Li J, Yang J, Fan Y, Jülich ST, Lei X. Response inhibition impairment related to altered frontal-striatal functional connectivity in insomnia disorder: A pilot and non-clinical study. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 170:138-146. [PMID: 38134723 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is not clear whether and how insomnia disorder (ID) impairs response inhibition ability. Fronto-striatal functional connectivity (FC) plays a critical role in response inhibition and is found be abnormal in patients with ID. In this study, we examined whether insomnia symptoms impair response inhibition in a large non-clinical sample and whether impaired response inhibition is related to abnormal fronto-striatal FC. METHODS One hundred and fifteen young ID patients and 160 age and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) underwent resting-state functional magnetic response imaging scans and performed the stop-signal task (SST). Performance of SST, Gray Matter Volumes (GMVs), and connections of brain regions related to fronto-striatal circuits was compared between groups. Further examined the association between response inhibition impairment and fronto-striatal FC. RESULTS The behavioral results showed that patients with ID had significantly longer stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) compared with the HC, reflecting the impaired response inhibition among IDs. Brain imaging results showed IDs had decreased GMVs of the Right Superior Frontal (SFG) and left Supplementary Motor area (SMA). Seed-based FC results showed that compared to HC, the ID showed decreased FC between left SMA and left Paracentral lobule, left SMA and right SMA, and right SFG and right Orbital Middle Frontal gyrus, and increased FC between right SFG and right putamen. Meanwhile, the FC between right SFG and putamen was positively correlated with SSRT in IDs. CONCLUSIONS The current study found significantly impaired response inhibition among ID and this impairment may be related to abnormal fronto-striatal FC in ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Zhang
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Haonan Sun
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiatao Li
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jingqi Yang
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuhan Fan
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Simon Theodor Jülich
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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