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Shi X, Qiao X, Zhu Y. Emotional dysregulation as a mediator linking sleep disturbance with aggressive behaviors: Disentangling between- and within-person associations. Sleep Med 2023; 108:90-97. [PMID: 37343336 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sleep problems and aggressive behaviors are two prevalent and highly related problems among adolescents and emerging adults worldwide. This longitudinal study examined the reciprocal relations between sleep disturbance with aggressive behaviors and whether emotional dysregulation functioned as mediator of the relations, after separating within-person effects from between-person effects. METHODS A total of 4352 freshman students participated in a five-wave longitudinal study across two and half years. Data from the second wave to the fourth wave was used in this study. Random intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) were utilized to separate between- and within-person effects. RESULTS Results from RI-CLPM showed: (a) Sleep disturbance and aggressive behaviors bidirectionally predicted each other at the within-person level; (b) Emotional dysregulation functioned as a mediator of the associations from sleep disturbance to aggressive behaviors at the within-person level. CONCLUSION These findings advanced the literature by elucidating longitudinal associations among sleep disturbance, emotional dysregulation, and aggressive behaviors at the within-person level, suggesting that prevention and intervention programs targeted at improving emotional regulation skills may be helpful to prevent the developmental pathway from sleep disturbance to aggressive behaviors among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuliang Shi
- College of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Xiaofei Qiao
- College of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ya Zhu
- Center for Mental Health Education and Counseling, Guangdong University of Science and Technology, Dongguan, 523083, Guangdong Province, China
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2
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Pabayo R, Patel P, Liu SY, Molnar BE. Sleepless in inequality: findings from the 2018 behavioral risk factor surveillance system, a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1973. [PMID: 36303178 PMCID: PMC9615368 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14292-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the large body of research on the adverse effects of income inequality, to date, few studies have examined its impact on sleep. The objective of this investigation is to examine the association between US state income inequality and the odds for regularly obtaining inadequate (< 7 h) and very inadequate (< 5 h) of sleep in the last 24 h. Methods We analysed data from 350,929 adults participating in the US 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Multilevel modeling was used to determine the association between state-level income inequality, as measured by the Gini coefficient, and the odds for obtaining inadequate and very inadequate sleep. We also determined if associations were heterogeneous across gender. Results A standard deviation increase in the Gini coefficient was associated with increased odds for inadequate (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.13) and very inadequate sleep (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03,1.20). Also, a cross-level Gini Coefficient X Gender interaction term was significant (OR = 1.07, 95% CI:1.01,1.13), indicating that increasing income inequality was more detrimental to women’s sleep behavior. Conclusion Future work should be conducted to determine whether decreasing the wide gap between incomes can alleviate the burden of income inequality on inadequate sleep in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Pabayo
- University of Alberta School of Public Health, T6G 2R3, 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Ave., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Priya Patel
- University of Alberta School of Public Health, T6G 2R3, 3-300 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, 11405-87 Ave., Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sze Y Liu
- Public Health Department, Montclair State University, New Jersey, USA
| | - Beth E Molnar
- Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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Van Veen M, Lancel M, Şener O, Verkes R, Bouman E, Rutters F. Observational and experimental studies on sleep duration and aggression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2022; 64:101661. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Venta A, Alfano C. Sleep Duration Buffers The Effects of Adversity on Mental Health Among Recently Immigrated Latinx Adolescents. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:235-247. [PMID: 35600519 PMCID: PMC9120277 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00374-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The rate of Latinx migration to the U.S. has risen rapidly over the last several decades. Recognizing that Latinx migrant youth are exposed to a high rate of adverse events and that sleep has potential buffering effects on mental health, the current study aimed to examine sleep duration as a moderator of the link between childhood adversity and emotional and behavioral symptoms among Latinx migrant youth. One hundred and twelve first-generation migrants of Latinx ethnicity (and 46 caregivers) participated in this study; the average age was 19 (SD = 2). Participants self-reported demographics: 59.8% of participants were male, with the racial breakdown as follows: 38.8% white, 6.1% black, 4.1% mixed race, and 51% marked "other." Data were collected from a public high school for immigrant youth in the Southwestern U.S. and included average sleep duration, Adverse Childhood Experiences; the Child PTSD Symptoms Scale and the Child Behavior Checklist. Findings indicated experiences of neglect in childhood were associated with youth-reported mental health symptoms, but this relation was significantly moderated by sleep duration such that the relation was weakened in the presence of high sleep duration. Both effects were statistically significant and of medium size. Caregiver reports supported the buffering effects of sleep; medium or large interactions between sleep and all three adversity variables (abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction) were noted in multivariate analyses. The current study takes an important first step in identifying that short sleep duration is prevalent among Central American immigrant youth. Findings suggest that sleep duration has important public health potential as a means of buffering the effects of childhood adversity on mental health in a vulnerable group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Venta
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas USA
| | - Candice Alfano
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas USA
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Bègue L, Nguyen D, Vezirian K, Zerhouni O, Bricout V. Psychological distress mediates the connection between sleep deprivation and physical fighting in adolescents. Aggress Behav 2022; 48:341-347. [PMID: 35112357 DOI: 10.1002/ab.22021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Lack of sleep is common in adolescence, and represents an important threat to adolescents' well-being, academic commitment, and general health. It also has significant behavioral consequences through an increased likelihood of interpersonal violence. Previous studies have demonstrated an association between aggressive behavior and lack of sleep, but the psychological mediators remain completely unexplored. Grounded in the General Aggression Model, we investigated the affective pathway as one of the potential mechanisms linking lack of sleep and aggression. We hypothesized and showed that psychological distress is an intermediary phenomenon linking lack of sleep and physical aggression. Based on a school sample of 11,912 participants (median age: 14.5), we observed that 23.7% of the young people admitted having been involved in physical fighting on one or more occasions, and that 25.81% were in sleep debt when referred for medical assessment. We analyzed the relationship between sleep duration and physical fighting and the mediating link of psychological distress by performing multiple regressions in the components' paths. The results showed that the adolescents' amount of sleep appeared to be a significant predictor of physical fighting, and that this relationship was partially mediated by psychological distress. These results are consistent with the General Aggression Model, and represent the first empirical confirmation that psychological distress symptoms partially mediate the connection between lack of sleep and physical aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Duy‐Thai Nguyen
- INSERM U1042 Grenoble France
- CHU de Grenoble, HP2, UF Recherche Exercice, UM Sports et Pathologies Grenoble France
- University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
| | | | | | - Véronique‐Aurélie Bricout
- INSERM U1042 Grenoble France
- CHU de Grenoble, HP2, UF Recherche Exercice, UM Sports et Pathologies Grenoble France
- University Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
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Yip T, Cham H, Wang Y, El-Sheikh M. Discrimination and Sleep Mediate Ethnic/Racial Identity and Adolescent Adjustment: Uncovering Change Processes With Slope-as-Mediator Mediation. Child Dev 2020; 91:1021-1043. [PMID: 31317537 PMCID: PMC6980173 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study employs slope-as-mediator techniques to explore how the daily association between ethnic/racial discrimination and sleep disturbances serves as an intermediary link between ethnic/racial identity (ERI) and psychological adjustment. In a diverse sample of 264 adolescents (Mage = 14.3 years old, 70% female, 76% United States born, 25% African American, 32% Asian American, 43% Latinx), discrimination was associated with sleep disturbance. Furthermore, ERI commitment buffered the impact of discrimination on sleep, whereas ERI exploration exacerbated the impact of discrimination. Finally, the daily level association between discrimination and sleep (i.e., daily slope) mediated the association between ERI and adolescent adjustment. Substantive links between discrimination and sleep are discussed as well as broader applications of slope-as-mediator techniques.
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Difficulties in Getting to Sleep and their Association with Emotional and Behavioural Problems in Adolescents: Does the Sleeping Duration Influence this Association? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17051691. [PMID: 32150909 PMCID: PMC7084249 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Sleep problems are common in adolescence with a negative impact on the mental health and functioning of adolescents. However, the roles of different sleep problems in relation to emotional and behavioural problems (EBPs), classified according to the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases as emotional, conduct, hyperactivity and social functioning disorders, are not clear. The first aim of the study was to investigate the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs in adolescents. The second aim was to explore the role of sleep duration in this association. We used data from the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study conducted in 2018 in Slovakia. Presented are results for specific age groups of 13-year-old (N = 1909) and 15-year-old (N = 1293) adolescents. Subjective measures of sleep variables were used. Binary logistic regression models adjusted for age and gender were used to assess associations between difficulties in getting to sleep, sleep duration and EBPs measured using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Modification of the association between difficulties in getting to sleep and EBPs by sleep duration was also explored. We found that difficulties in getting to sleep at least once a week as well as insufficient sleep (less than 8 h) increased the probability of EBPs. Interactions of sleep duration with difficulties in getting to sleep on EBPs were found to be non-significant. The results suggest that caregivers and clinicians should screen and intervene for both sleep quality and quantity problems in adolescents as they might indicate and promote EBPs.
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Kirwan M, Svenson D, Pickett SM, Parkhill MR. Emotion regulation as a mediator between sleep quality and interpersonal aggression. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Langsrud K, Vaaler A, Morken G, Kallestad H, Almvik R, Palmstierna T, Güzey IC. The Predictive Properties of Violence Risk Instruments May Increase by Adding Items Assessing Sleep. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:323. [PMID: 31143136 PMCID: PMC6520612 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The psychometric instruments developed for short-term prediction of violence in psychiatric inpatients do not include variables assessing sleep. Disturbances in sleep may precede aggression in this setting. We investigated whether adding information on sleep improved the predictive properties of the Brøset Violence Checklist (BVC). Methods: The study population consists of all patients admitted to a psychiatric intensive care unit (PICU) over a 6-month period who were hospitalized for at least one night (n = 50). Sleep observed by staff (521 nights), behavior assessed with the BVC (433 days), and aggressive incidents recorded by the Staff Observation Scale-Revised (n = 14) were included in the analysis. Results: The ability of the BVC to predict aggressive incidents improved from AUCROC 0.757 to AUCROC 0.873 when a combined sleep variable including both sleep duration and night-to-night variations of sleep duration was added to the BVC recordings. The combined sleep variable did not significantly predict aggressive incidents (AUCROC 0.653, p = 0.051). Conclusions: A sleep disturbance variable improves the predictive properties of the BVC in PICUs. Further studies of sleep duration, night-to-night variations in duration of sleep, and aggression are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knut Langsrud
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Vaaler
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Gunnar Morken
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Håvard Kallestad
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Roger Almvik
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Forensic Research Unit, Brøset, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tom Palmstierna
- Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ismail C Güzey
- Department of Psychiatry, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, NTNU-Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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Pires GN, Bezerra AG, de Vries RBM, Leenaars CHC, Ritskes-Hoitinga M, Tufik S, Andersen ML. Effects of experimental sleep deprivation on aggressive, sexual and maternal behaviour in animals: a systematic review protocol. BMJ OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 2:e000041. [PMID: 35047677 PMCID: PMC8749292 DOI: 10.1136/bmjos-2017-000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Because of the relevance for the research on sleep deprivation and human behaviour, many preclinical studies have been conducted on aggressive, sexual and maternal behaviours in this field. Considering the available data and the complexity of the factors involved, the most appropriate way to summarise the effects of sleep deprivation on these behaviours is through systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This article describes the protocol for three independent systematic reviews and meta-analyses, evaluating the effects of sleep deprivation on aggressive, sexual and maternal behaviours in animals. Search strategy A bibliographic search will be performed in four databases: Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Psychinfo, searching for three domains: sleep deprivation (as the intervention), animals (as the population) and behaviour (as the outcome). Screening and annotation Titles and abstracts will first be screened, followed by analysis of the full text and data extraction. Data management and reporting SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation ’s risk of bias tool will be used to evaluate risk of bias; visual analysis of funnel plots, Egger’s regression and trim-and-fill will be employed to evaluate publication bias. Effect sizes will be calculated from the articles by either direct or standardised mean difference, depending on the nature of the data. Overall estimates will then be calculated using a random effects model. Heterogeneity will be assessed using both I2 index and Cochran’s Q test. These meta-analyses should be useful to summarise the available data on the relationship between sleep deprivation and behaviour, providing a solid background for future behavioural sleep deprivation experiments, improving their validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de São Paulo School of Medical Sciences, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Rob B M de Vries
- SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) at Central Animal Facility, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga
- SYstematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) at Central Animal Facility, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Levy Andersen
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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