1
|
Amran RA, Alhimaidi AR, Al-Ghadi MQ, Ammari AA, Matar AM. Impact of a live bacterial-based direct-fed microbial (DFM) postpartum and weaning system on performance, mortality, and health of Najdi lambs. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Among the non-nutritive additives available for lamb nutrition, direct-fed microbial (DFM) stands out for altering rumen fermentation and increasing animal productivity. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of DFM and weaning systems on performance, mortality, and health of newborn lambs. A total of 60 newborn lambs were divided into 4 equal groups and assigned to one of 4 treatments: Control (C) without DFM and late weaning; T1, DFM and early weaning; T2, DFM and mid weaning; and T3, DFM and late weaning. Each lamb in the treated group received 3 doses of DFM (5 mL/lamb). The mortality was reduced by 80% compared to the control group. Lambs in the T2 and T3 with DFM groups had significantly (P < 0.05) higher body weight (BW) and body weight gain (BWG) than lambs in the C group. Glucose, creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels of T3 lambs were significantly (P < 0.05) higher in late weaning compared with the remining treatments. DFM supplementation and weaning system significantly (P < 0.01) reduced serum Zn concentration. These results suggest that the addition of DFM to the diet of newborn lambs and weaning at 60 days improves the overall performance and immunity of the lambs and consequently reduces the mortality rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi A. Amran
- Department of Zoology, King Saud University College of Science, King Saud University , Riyad 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad R. Alhimaidi
- Department of Zoology, King Saud University College of Science, King Saud University , Riyad 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Muath Q. Al-Ghadi
- Department of Zoology, King Saud University College of Science, King Saud University , Riyad 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiman A. Ammari
- Department of Zoology, King Saud University College of Science, King Saud University , Riyad 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkareem M. Matar
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University , P.O. Box 2460 , Riyadh 11451 , Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Asano K, Takamatsu E, Numata H, Nitta M, Ishida M. Effect of climatic factors on urinary cortisol and peripheral blood leukocytes in lambs grazing on a semi-natural grassland in the Hokuriku District of Japan. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13536. [PMID: 33694283 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of climatic factors on stress and immune functions of grazing lambs in summer and autumn in the Hokuriku District of Japan were evaluated by determining urinary cortisol (U-COR) levels and peripheral blood leukocyte populations and comparing those with lambs kept indoors. Two groups of five lambs, consisting of those grazed on a semi-natural grassland (GRL) and those housed indoors in a domestic animal shelter (INL), were maintained at from July to October. The temperature-humidity index at each location was indicative of heat stress during summer; however, the U-COR elevation was not observed in both groups. The elevation was observed in GRL in autumn and was higher than INL in October. Climatic conditions in autumn were characterized by high humidity and a sudden drop in temperature. U-COR was positively correlated with the relative humidity. The GRL was exposed to low-nutrient conditions for a relatively long time. The CD4+ /CD8+ T cell ratio in GRL decreased in October. Subsequently, the total leucocyte, including granulocytes, monocytes, and lymphocytes, sharply increased. The responses indicated an immune deficiency caused by immunosuppression because of a low nutrition caused by grazing and high-stress conditions in autumn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Asano
- Department of Bioproduction Science, Faculty of Bioresouces and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan
| | - Erina Takamatsu
- Department of Bioproduction Science, Faculty of Bioresouces and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan
| | - Hana Numata
- Department of Bioproduction Science, Faculty of Bioresouces and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan
| | - Momoyo Nitta
- Department of Bioproduction Science, Faculty of Bioresouces and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan
| | - Motohiko Ishida
- Department of Bioproduction Science, Faculty of Bioresouces and Environmental Science, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Nonoichi, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Navarro T, González JM, Ramos JJ, Marca MC, Figliola L, de Arcaute MR, Borobia M, Ortín A. Impact of Stress on Health and Final Weight in Fattening Lambs. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10081274. [PMID: 32722490 PMCID: PMC7460385 DOI: 10.3390/ani10081274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In recent years, the lamb production system in North-Eastern Spain has undergone an important change and the number of lamb feedlots has increased significantly. However, the possible impact of stressors associated with this production system on the health and productive performance of the lambs has not been investigated. In this study, the stress level of Rasa Aragonesa fattening lambs, finished at a commercial feedlot or on the farm of birth, was measured throughout the fattening period. Our results show that, although feedlot lambs seemed to have experienced higher stress levels than those fattened on the farm of origin, finishing location did not affect the probability of presenting clinical signs of illness and ovine respiratory complex lesions, or the final weight of the lambs. Notwithstanding, associations were found between the concentration of fecal cortisol metabolites (a chronic stress indicator) at the time of weaning and the health condition and the final weight of the lambs, regardless of the location at which they were fattened. The stress level experienced by lambs prior to finishing seems to be relevant for their health and productive performance, and measures to reduce this stress should be further investigated as a useful tool to improve the sustainability of the ovine production system. Abstract In order to determine whether the stress level had any influence on the health and final weight of Rasa Aragonesa fattening lambs, stress markers were measured throughout the fattening period in 80 feedlot lambs (group F) and in 40 lambs finished on the farm of birth (group C). The highest values of the stress indicators—neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (N/L), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), serum cortisol and fecal cortisol metabolites (FCM)—were recorded after the road transportation of group F to the feedlot. No differences between the groups were identified at the end of the adaptation period, but at the end of the fattening, statistically significant higher values for NEFA and serum cortisol were determined in group F. However, statistically significant differences between the groups were not found in the percentage of lambs with clinical signs of illness and ovine respiratory complex (ORC) lesions or in the final weight of the lambs. Independent of the location at which the lambs were fattened, those with FCM values at the beginning of the study (at the time of weaning) in the highest quartile developed a higher percentage of clinical signs of illness (45.5% vs. 32.1%, p > 0.05) and ORC lesions (45.5% vs. 10.7%, p < 0.01), and their average final weight was lower (24.36 kg vs. 27.40 kg, p = 0.001) than those with values in the lowest quartile. Stress experienced by lambs prior to finishing seems to be relevant for their further development, and FCM concentration at the time of weaning could be used as an indicator of health and productive performance of the lambs during the fattening period, regardless of finishing location.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Navarro
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
| | - José María González
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Juan José Ramos
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
| | - María Carmen Marca
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Lucia Figliola
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
- Department of the Sciences of Agriculture, Food and Environment (SAFE), University of Foggia, Via Napoli 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marta Ruiz de Arcaute
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Marta Borobia
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Aurora Ortín
- Departamento de Patología Animal, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2 (Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA), Facultad de Veterinaria, C/Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; (T.N.); (J.M.G.); (J.J.R.); (M.C.M.); (L.F.); (M.R.d.A.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-605-319-592
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liu H, Zhao J, Li K, Deng W. Effects of chlorogenic acids-enriched extract from Eucommia ulmoides leaves on growth performance, stress response, antioxidant status and meat quality of lambs subjected or not to transport stress. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|