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Kurihara S, Ishikawa A, Kaneko S. Genome editing iPSC to purposing enhancement of induce CD8 killer T cell function for regenerative immunotherapy. Inflamm Regen 2024; 44:20. [PMID: 38637837 PMCID: PMC11025212 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-024-00328-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, immunotherapy has become a standard cancer therapy, joining surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. This therapeutic approach involves the use of patient-derived antigen-specific T cells or genetically modified T cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or T cell receptors (TCR) that specifically target cancer antigens. However, T cells require ex vivo stimulation for proliferation when used in therapy, and the resulting "exhaustion," which is characterized by a diminished proliferation capacity and anti-tumor activity, poses a significant challenge. As a solution, we reported "rejuvenated" CD8 + T cells that possess high proliferation capacity from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in 2013. This review discusses the status and future developments in immunotherapy using iPSC-derived T cells, drawing insights from our research to overcome the exhaustion associated with antigen-specific T cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sota Kurihara
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ishikawa
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin Kaneko
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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2
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Boyd-Gibbins N, Karagiannis P, Hwang DW, Kim SI. iPSCs in NK Cell Manufacturing and NKEV Development. Front Immunol 2022; 13:890894. [PMID: 35874677 PMCID: PMC9305199 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.890894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cell immunotherapies for cancer can complement existing T cell therapies while benefiting from advancements already made in the immunotherapy field. For NK cell manufacturing, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer advantages including eliminating donor variation and providing an ideal platform for genome engineering. At the same time, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become a major research interest, and purified NK cell extracellular vesicles (NKEVs) have been shown to reproduce the key functions of their parent NK cells. NKEVs have the potential to be developed into a standalone therapeutic with reduced complexity and immunogenicity compared to cell therapies. This review explores the role iPSC technology can play in both NK cell manufacturing and NKEV development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Karagiannis
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Do Won Hwang
- Research and Development Center, THERABEST Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Shin-Il Kim
- THERABEST Japan, Inc., Kobe, Japan
- Research and Development Center, THERABEST Co., Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Shin-Il Kim,
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3
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Gaudeaux P, Moirangthem RD, Bauquet A, Simons L, Joshi A, Cavazzana M, Nègre O, Soheili S, André I. T-Cell Progenitors As A New Immunotherapy to Bypass Hurdles of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2022; 13:956919. [PMID: 35874778 PMCID: PMC9300856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.956919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the treatment of preference for numerous malignant and non-malignant hemopathies. The outcome of this approach is significantly hampered by not only graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), but also infections and relapses that may occur because of persistent T-cell immunodeficiency following transplantation. Reconstitution of a functional T-cell repertoire can take more than 1 year. Thus, the major challenge in the management of allogeneic HSCT relies on the possibility of shortening the window of immune deficiency through the acceleration of T-cell recovery, with diverse, self-tolerant, and naïve T cells resulting from de novo thymopoiesis from the donor cells. In this context, adoptive transfer of cell populations that can give rise to mature T cells faster than HSCs while maintaining a safety profile compatible with clinical use is of major interest. In this review, we summarize current advances in the characterization of thymus seeding progenitors, and their ex vivo generated counterparts, T-cell progenitors. Transplantation of the latter has been identified as a worthwhile approach to shorten the period of immune deficiency in patients following allogeneic HSCT, and to fulfill the clinical objective of reducing morbimortality due to infections and relapses. We further discuss current opportunities for T-cell progenitor-based therapy manufacturing, including iPSC cell sources and off-the-shelf strategies. These opportunities will be analyzed in the light of results from ongoing clinical studies involving T-cell progenitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Gaudeaux
- Human Lymphohematopoiesis Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Smart Immune, Paris, France
| | - Ranjita Devi Moirangthem
- Human Lymphohematopoiesis Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | - Laura Simons
- Smart Immune, Paris, France
- Department of Medicine V, Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Akshay Joshi
- Human Lymphohematopoiesis Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Marina Cavazzana
- Smart Immune, Paris, France
- Department of Biotherapy, Hôpital Universitaire Necker-Enfants Malades, Groupe Hospitalier Paris Centre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Biotherapy Clinical Investigation Center, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Paris Cité, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, INSERM CIC 1416, Paris, France
- Imagine Institute, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Isabelle André
- Human Lymphohematopoiesis Laboratory, Imagine Institute, INSERM UMR 1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
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D'Souza SS, Kumar A, Weinfurter J, Park MA, Maufort J, Tao L, Kang H, Dettle ST, Golos T, Thomson JA, Reynolds MR, Slukvin I. Generation of SIV-resistant T cells and macrophages from nonhuman primate induced pluripotent stem cells with edited CCR5 locus. Stem Cell Reports 2022; 17:953-963. [PMID: 35364011 PMCID: PMC9023799 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2022.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive therapies with genetically modified somatic T cells rendered HIV resistance have shown promise for AIDS therapy. A renewable source of HIV-resistant human T cells from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) would further facilitate and broaden the applicability of these therapies. Here, we report successful targeting of the CCR5 locus in iPSCs generated from T cells (T-iPSCs) or fibroblasts (fib-iPSCs) from Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCM), using CRISPR-Cas9 technology. We found that CCR5 editing does not affect hematopoietic and T cell differentiation potentials of fib-iPSCs. However, T-iPSCs with edited CCR5 lost their capacity to differentiate into CD4+CD8+ T cells while maintaining myeloid differentiation potential. T cells and macrophages produced from CCR5-edited MCM iPSCs did not support replication of the CCR5-tropic simian immunodeficiency viruses SIVmac239 (T cell tropic) and SIVmac316 (macrophage-tropic). Overall, these studies provide a platform for further exploration of AIDS therapies based on gene-edited iPSCs in a nonhuman primate model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saritha S D'Souza
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Jason Weinfurter
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | | | - Lihong Tao
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - HyunJun Kang
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Samuel T Dettle
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA
| | - Thaddeus Golos
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706 USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705 USA
| | - James A Thomson
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, USA; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Matthew R Reynolds
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Igor Slukvin
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715, USA; Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
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5
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Liu Y, Yan X, Zhang F, Zhang X, Tang F, Han Z, Li Y. TCR-T Immunotherapy: The Challenges and Solutions. Front Oncol 2022; 11:794183. [PMID: 35145905 PMCID: PMC8822241 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.794183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapy is free from the limit of surface antigen expression of the target cells, which is a potential cellular immunotherapy for cancer treatment. Significant advances in the treatment of hematologic malignancies with cellular immunotherapy have aroused the interest of researchers in the treatment of solid tumors. Nevertheless, the overall efficacy of TCR-T cell immunotherapy in solid tumors was not significantly high when compared with hematological malignancies. In this article, we pay attention to the barriers of TCR-T cell immunotherapy for solid tumors, as well as the strategies affecting the efficacy of TCR-T cell immunotherapy. To provide some reference for researchers to better overcome the impact of TCR-T cell efficiency in solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Liu
- Department of Oncology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Futian Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhijian Han
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yumin Li,
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6
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Zeng W, Zhang P. Resistance and recurrence of malignancies after CAR-T cell therapy. Exp Cell Res 2022; 410:112971. [PMID: 34906583 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has ushered a new era in cancer therapy, especially the treatment of hematological malignancies. However, resistance and recurrence still occur in some patients after CAR-T cell treatment. CAR-T cell inefficiency and tumor escape have emerged as the main challenges for the long-term disease control of B cell malignancies by this promising immunotherapy. In solid tumor treatment, CAR-T cells must also overcome many hurdles from the tumor or immune-suppressed tumor environment, which have become obstacles to the advancement of CAR-T therapy. Therefore, an understanding of the mechanisms underlying post-CAR treatment failure in patients is necessary. In this review, we characterize some mechanisms of resistance and recurrence after CAR-T cell therapy and correspondingly suggest reasonable treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Zeng
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Pumin Zhang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical School, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China.
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7
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Netsrithong R, Wattanapanitch M. Advances in Adoptive Cell Therapy Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived T Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 12:759558. [PMID: 34650571 PMCID: PMC8505955 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.759558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells holds impressive clinical outcomes especially in patients who are refractory to other kinds of therapy. However, many challenges hinder its clinical applications. For example, patients who undergo chemotherapy usually have an insufficient number of autologous T cells due to lymphopenia. Long-term ex vivo expansion can result in T cell exhaustion, which reduces the effector function. There is also a batch-to-batch variation during the manufacturing process, making it difficult to standardize and validate the cell products. In addition, the process is labor-intensive and costly. Generation of universal off-the-shelf CAR T cells, which can be broadly given to any patient, prepared in advance and ready to use, would be ideal and more cost-effective. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) provide a renewable source of cells that can be genetically engineered and differentiated into immune cells with enhanced anti-tumor cytotoxicity. This review describes basic knowledge of T cell biology, applications in ACT, the use of iPSCs as a new source of T cells and current differentiation strategies used to generate T cells as well as recent advances in genome engineering to produce next-generation off-the-shelf T cells with improved effector functions. We also discuss challenges in the field and future perspectives toward the final universal off-the-shelf immunotherapeutic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratchapong Netsrithong
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Methichit Wattanapanitch
- Siriraj Center for Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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8
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Karachi A, Dastmalchi F, Nazarian S, Huang J, Sayour EJ, Jin L, Yang C, Mitchell DA, Rahman M. Optimizing T Cell-Based Therapy for Glioblastoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:705580. [PMID: 34421912 PMCID: PMC8374079 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.705580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Evading T cell surveillance is a hallmark of cancer. Patients with solid tissue malignancy, such as glioblastoma (GBM), have multiple forms of immune dysfunction, including defective T cell function. T cell dysfunction is exacerbated by standard treatment strategies such as steroids, chemotherapy, and radiation. Reinvigoration of T cell responses can be achieved by utilizing adoptively transferred T cells, including CAR T cells. However, these cells are at risk for depletion and dysfunction as well. This review will discuss adoptive T cell transfer strategies and methods to avoid T cell dysfunction for the treatment of brain cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida Karachi
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Farhad Dastmalchi
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Saina Nazarian
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Jianping Huang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Elias J Sayour
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Linchun Jin
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Changlin Yang
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Duane A Mitchell
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maryam Rahman
- Lillian S. Wells Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida (UF) Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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9
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Cho JW, Son J, Ha SJ, Lee I. Systems biology analysis identifies TNFRSF9 as a functional marker of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T-cell enabling clinical outcome prediction in lung cancer. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:860-868. [PMID: 33598101 PMCID: PMC7851794 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are enriched in the tumor microenvironment and play key roles in immune evasion of cancer cells. Cell surface markers specific for tumor-infiltrating Tregs (TI-Tregs) can be effectively targeted to enhance antitumor immunity and used for stratification of immunotherapy outcomes. Here, we present a systems biology approach to identify functional cell surface markers for TI-Tregs. We selected differentially expressed genes for surface proteins of TI-Tregs and compared these with other CD4+ T cells using bulk RNA-sequencing data from murine lung cancer models. Thereafter, we filtered for human orthologues with conserved expression in TI-Tregs using single-cell transcriptome data from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To evaluate the functional importance of expression-based markers of TI-Tregs, we utilized network-based measure of context-associated centrality in a Treg-specific coregulatory network. We identified TNFRSF9 (also known as 4-1BB or CD137), a previously reported target for enhancing antitumor immunity, among the final candidates for TI-Treg markers with high functional importance score. We found that the low TNFRSF9 expression level in Tregs was associated with enhanced overall survival rate and response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC, proposing that TNFRSF9 promotes immune suppressive activity of Tregs in tumor. Collectively, these results demonstrated that integrative transcriptome and network analysis can facilitate the discovery of functional markers of tumor-specific immune cells to develop novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for boosting cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Won Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Son
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Jun Ha
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
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Yan W, Liu Z, Liu J, Xia Y, Hu K, Yu J. Application of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in the Treatment of Hematological Malignancies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:4241864. [PMID: 33062678 PMCID: PMC7547336 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4241864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
T cell immune protection plays a pivotal role in the treatment of patients with hematological malignancies. However, T cell exhaustion might lead to the possibility of immune escape of hematological malignancies. Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells can restore the activity of exhausted T cell through reprogramming and is widely used in the treatment of relapsed/refractory (r/r) hematological malignancies. Of note, CD19, CD20, CD30, CD33, CD123, and CD269 as ideal targets have shown extraordinary potential for CAR-T cell therapy and other targets such as CD23 and SLAMF7 have brought promising future for clinical trials. However, CAR-T cells can also produce some adverse events after treatment of hematological malignancies, such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity, and on-target/off-tumor toxicity, which may cause systemic immune stress inflammation, destruction of the blood-brain barrier, and even normal tissue damage. In this review, we aim to summarize the composition of CAR-T cell and its application in the treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), multiple myeloma (MM), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Moreover, we will review the disadvantages of CAR-T cell therapy and propose several comprehensive recommendations which might guide its development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqi Yan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuojun Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuanshi Xia
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Boren Hospital, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Jian Yu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
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11
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Wälchli S, Sioud M. Next Generation of Adoptive T Cell Therapy Using CRISPR/Cas9 Technology: Universal or Boosted? Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2115:407-417. [PMID: 32006413 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0290-4_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Adoptive T cell therapy (ACT) using either chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)- or T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered lymphocytes has emerged as a promising strategy to treat cancer. However, this therapy is still facing enormous challenges such as poor quality of autologous T cells, T cell exhaustion, and the immune suppressive tumor microenvironments. Additionally, graft-versus-host disease is an issue that must be addressed to allow the use of allogeneic T cells. Strategies to overcome these therapeutic challenges using gene editing technology are now being developed. One strategy is to disrupt TCR and/or MHC expression in healthy donor T cells to generate T cells for universal use. Another strategy is to improve the quality of patient's T cells by eliminating either the expression of selected immune checkpoint receptors or negative regulators of TCR signaling and/or T-cell homeostasis. Here, we review the use of CRISPR-Cas9 platform in T cell engineering with a focus on the development of universal T cells and boosted autologous cells for next-generation ACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Wälchli
- Department of Cellular Therapy, Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mouldy Sioud
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Institute for Cancer Research, Oslo University Hospital-Radiumhospitalet, Oslo, Norway.
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12
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Huff WX, Kwon JH, Henriquez M, Fetcko K, Dey M. The Evolving Role of CD8 +CD28 - Immunosenescent T Cells in Cancer Immunology. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112810. [PMID: 31181772 PMCID: PMC6600236 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional, tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes drive the adaptive immune response to cancer. Thus, induction of their activity is the ultimate aim of all immunotherapies. Success of anti-tumor immunotherapy is precluded by marked immunosuppression in the tumor microenvironment (TME) leading to CD8+ effector T cell dysfunction. Among the many facets of CD8+ T cell dysfunction that have been recognized—tolerance, anergy, exhaustion, and senescence—CD8+ T cell senescence is incompletely understood. Naïve CD8+ T cells require three essential signals for activation, differentiation, and survival through T-cell receptor, costimulatory receptors, and cytokine receptors. Downregulation of costimulatory molecule CD28 is a hallmark of senescent T cells and increased CD8+CD28− senescent populations with heterogeneous roles have been observed in multiple solid and hematogenous tumors. T cell senescence can be induced by several factors including aging, telomere damage, tumor-associated stress, and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Tumor-induced T cell senescence is yet another mechanism that enables tumor cell resistance to immunotherapy. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive overview of CD8+CD28− senescent T cell population, their origin, their function in immunology and pathologic conditions, including TME and their implication for immunotherapy. Further characterization and investigation into this subset of CD8+ T cells could improve the efficacy of future anti-tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei X Huff
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Jae Hyun Kwon
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Mario Henriquez
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
| | - Kaleigh Fetcko
- Department of Neurology, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Mahua Dey
- Department of Neurosurgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Jin Z, Xu L, Li Y. Approaches for generation of anti-leukemia specific T cells. CELL REGENERATION 2019; 7:40-44. [PMID: 30671229 PMCID: PMC6326242 DOI: 10.1016/j.cr.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As three decades ago, it was reported that adoptive T cell immunotherapy by infusion of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) mediated objective cancer regression in patients with metastatic melanoma. A new era of T cell immunotherapy arose since the improvement and clinical use of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T) for the treatment of refractory and relapsed B lymphocyte leukemia. However, several challenges and difficulties remain on the way to reach generic and effective T cell immunotherapy, including lacking a generic method for generating anti-leukemia-specific T cells from every patient. Here, we summarize the current methods of generating anti-leukemia-specific T cells, and the promising approaches in the future.
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Key Words
- ACT, adoptive cellular immunotherapy
- APL, promyelocytic leukemia
- Anti-leukemia T cell
- B-ALL, cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- CAR-T
- CAR-T, chimeric antigen receptor T cells
- CML, chronic myelogenous leukemia
- CR, complete remission
- CTLs, cytotoxic T cells
- DLI, donor lymphocyte infusion
- FLT3-ITD, FLT3 internal tandem duplication
- GVHD, graft-versus-host disease
- GVL, graft-versus-leukemia
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen
- HPCs, hematopoietic progenitor cells
- IL-2, interleukin-2
- Ig, immunoglobulin
- T cell immunotherapy
- T cell reprogramming
- TAA, tumor-associated antigen
- TCR-T
- TCR-T, TCR gene-modified T cell
- TIL, infiltrating lymphocytes
- TKI, tyrosine kinase inhibitor
- WT1, Wilm's tumor antigen 1
- allo-HSCT, allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- hESC, human embryonic stem cell
- iPSCs, induced pluripotent stem cells
- iTs, induced functional T cells
- scFv, single-chain variable fragment
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyi Jin
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education; Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine; Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Postdoctoral Research Station, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education; Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine; Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education; Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine; Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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14
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Iriguchi S, Kaneko S. In Vitro Differentiation of T Cells: From Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 2048:59-70. [PMID: 31396929 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-9728-2_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we describe a protocol for hematopoietic differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), including embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from non-T cells, followed by the differentiation of the T-cell lineage. Derivation of T cells from PSCs involves three steps: induction of PSCs to hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs), differentiation of HPCs into progenitor T cells, and maturation of progenitor T cells into mature T cells (CD8 single-positive (SP) or CD4 SP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Iriguchi
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shin Kaneko
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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15
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Minagawa A, Yoshikawa T, Yasukawa M, Hotta A, Kunitomo M, Iriguchi S, Takiguchi M, Kassai Y, Imai E, Yasui Y, Kawai Y, Zhang R, Uemura Y, Miyoshi H, Nakanishi M, Watanabe A, Hayashi A, Kawana K, Fujii T, Nakatsura T, Kaneko S. Enhancing T Cell Receptor Stability in Rejuvenated iPSC-Derived T Cells Improves Their Use in Cancer Immunotherapy. Cell Stem Cell 2018; 23:850-858.e4. [PMID: 30449714 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Limited T cell availability and proliferative exhaustion present major barriers to successful T cell-based immunotherapies and may potentially be overcome through the use of "rejuvenated" induced pluripotent stem cells derived from antigen-specific T cells (T-iPSCs). However, strict antigen specificity is essential for safe and efficient T cell immunotherapy. Here, we report that CD8αβ T cells from human T-iPSCs lose their antigen specificity through additional rearrangement of the T cell receptor (TCR) α chain gene during the CD4/CD8 double positive stage of in vitro differentiation. CRISPR knockout of a recombinase gene in the T-iPSCs prevented this additional TCR rearrangement. Moreover, when CD8αβ T cells were differentiated from monocyte-derived iPSCs that were transduced with an antigen-specific TCR, they showed monoclonal expression of the transduced TCR. TCR-stabilized, regenerated CD8αβ T cells effectively inhibit tumor growth in xenograft cancer models. These approaches could contribute to safe and effective regenerative T cell immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsutaka Minagawa
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Yoshikawa
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masaki Yasukawa
- Department of Hematology, Clinical Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Japan
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mihoko Kunitomo
- Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan; Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Shoichi Iriguchi
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Maiko Takiguchi
- Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan; Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kassai
- Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan; Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Eri Imai
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasui
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawai
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Rong Zhang
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yasushi Uemura
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Miyoshi
- Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mahito Nakanishi
- Biotechnology Research Institute for Drug Discovery, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Hayashi
- Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan; Regenerative Medicine Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Kei Kawana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Fujii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Nakatsura
- Division of Cancer Immunotherapy, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shin Kaneko
- Shin Kaneko Laboratory, Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Takeda-CiRA Joint Program (T-CiRA), Fujisawa, Japan; Facility for iPS Cell Therapy, CiRA, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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16
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Lybaert L, Vermaelen K, De Geest BG, Nuhn L. Immunoengineering through cancer vaccines – A personalized and multi-step vaccine approach towards precise cancer immunity. J Control Release 2018; 289:125-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Kasakovski D, Xu L, Li Y. T cell senescence and CAR-T cell exhaustion in hematological malignancies. J Hematol Oncol 2018; 11:91. [PMID: 29973238 PMCID: PMC6032767 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-018-0629-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
T cell senescence has been recognized to play an immunosuppressive role in the aging population and cancer patients. Strategies dedicated to preventing or reversing replicative and premature T cell senescence are required to increase the lifespan of human beings and to reduce the morbidity from cancer. In addition, overcoming the T cell terminal differentiation or senescence from lymphoma and leukemia patients is a promising approach to enhance the effectiveness of adoptive cellular immunotherapy (ACT). Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell and T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T) cell therapy highly rely on functionally active T cells. However, the mechanisms which drive T cell senescence remain unclear and controversial. In this review, we describe recent progress for restoration of T cell homeostasis from age-related senescence as well as recovery of T cell activation in hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Kasakovski
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
- Department of Anatomy and Molecular Embryology, Institute of Anatomy, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ling Xu
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 West of Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632 China
| | - Yangqiu Li
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Hematology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632 China
- Department of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Jinan University, No. 601 West of Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632 China
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18
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Andersen R, Westergaard MCW, Kjeldsen JW, Müller A, Pedersen NW, Hadrup SR, Met Ö, Seliger B, Kromann-Andersen B, Hasselager T, Donia M, Svane IM. T-cell Responses in the Microenvironment of Primary Renal Cell Carcinoma-Implications for Adoptive Cell Therapy. Cancer Immunol Res 2018; 6:222-235. [PMID: 29301752 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-17-0467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In vitro expansion of large numbers of highly potent tumor-reactive T cells appears a prerequisite for effective adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) as shown in metastatic melanoma (MM). We therefore sought to determine whether renal cell carcinomas (RCC) are infiltrated with tumor-reactive T cells that could be efficiently employed for adoptive transfer immunotherapy. TILs and autologous tumor cell lines (TCL) were successfully generated from 22 (92%) and 17 (77%) of 24 consecutive primary RCC specimens and compared with those generated from metastatic melanoma. Immune recognition of autologous TCLs or fresh tumor digests was observed in CD8+ TILs from 82% of patients (18/22). Cytotoxicity assays confirmed the tumoricidal capacity of RCC-TILs. The overall expansion capacity of RCC-TILs was similar to MM-TILs. However, the magnitude, polyfunctionality, and ability to expand in classical expansion protocols of CD8+ T-cell responses was lower compared with MM-TILs. The RCC-TILs that did react to the tumor were functional, and antigen presentation and processing of RCC tumors was similar to MM-TILs. Direct recognition of tumors with cytokine-induced overexpression of human leukocyte antigen class II was observed from CD4+ T cells (6/12; 50%). Thus, TILs from primary RCC specimens could be isolated, expanded, and could recognize tumors. However, immune responses of expanded CD8+ RCC-TILs were typically weaker than MM-TILs and displayed a mono-/oligofunctional pattern. The ability to select, enrich, and expand tumor-reactive polyfunctional T cells may be critical in developing effective ACT with TILs for RCC. In summary, TILs isolated from primary RCC specimens could recognize tumors. However, their immune responses were weaker than MM-TILs and displayed a mono-/oligofunctional pattern. The ability to select and expand polyfunctional T cells may improve cell therapy for RCC. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(2); 222-35. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Andersen
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Julie Westerlin Kjeldsen
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Anja Müller
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Natasja Wulff Pedersen
- Division for Immunology and Vaccinology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sine Reker Hadrup
- Division for Immunology and Vaccinology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Özcan Met
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.,Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Barbara Seliger
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Hasselager
- Department of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marco Donia
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark. .,Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Inge Marie Svane
- Center for Cancer Immune Therapy, Department of Hematology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark. .,Department of Oncology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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19
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Watanabe D, Koyanagi-Aoi M, Taniguchi-Ikeda M, Yoshida Y, Azuma T, Aoi T. The Generation of Human γδT Cell-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Whole Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell Culture. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 7:34-44. [PMID: 29164800 PMCID: PMC5746152 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.17-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
γδT cells constitute a small proportion of lymphocytes in peripheral blood. Unlike αβT cells, the anti‐tumor activities are exerted through several different pathways in a MHC‐unrestricted manner. Thus, immunotherapy using γδT cells is considered to be effective for various types of cancer. Occasionally, however, ex vivo expanded cells are not as effective as expected due to cell exhaustion. To overcome the issue of T‐cell exhaustion, researchers have generated induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) that harbor the same T‐cell receptor (TCR) genes as their original T‐cells, which provide nearly limitless sources for antigen‐specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). However, these technologies have focused on αβT cells and require a population of antigen‐specific CTLs, which are purified by cell sorting with HLA‐peptide multimer, as the origin of iPS cells. In the present study, we aimed to develop an efficient and convenient system for generating iPSCs that harbor rearrangements of the TCRG and TCRD gene regions (γδT‐iPSCs) without cell‐sorting. We stimulated human whole peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) culture using Interleukin‐2 and Zoledronate to activate γδT cells. Gene transfer into those cells with the Sendai virus vector resulted in γδT cell‐dominant expression of exogenous genes. The introduction of reprogramming factors into the stimulated PBMC culture allowed us to establish iPSC lines. Around 70% of the established lines carried rearrangements at the TCRG and TCRD gene locus. The γδT‐iPSCs could differentiate into hematopoietic progenitors. Our technology will pave the way for new avenues toward novel immunotherapy that can be applied for various types of cancer. stemcellstranslationalmedicine2018;7:34–44
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Watanabe
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS cell Applications, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Michiyo Koyanagi-Aoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS cell Applications, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Human Resource Development for Regenerative Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | | | - Yukiko Yoshida
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS cell Applications, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takeshi Azuma
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takashi Aoi
- Division of Advanced Medical Science, Graduate School of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Department of iPS cell Applications, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan.,Center for Human Resource Development for Regenerative Medicine, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Gattinoni
- Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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KARAGIANNIS P, FUJITA Y, SAITO H. RNA-based gene circuits for cell regulation. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2016; 92:412-422. [PMID: 27840389 PMCID: PMC5328788 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.92.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A major goal of synthetic biology is to control cell behavior. RNA-mediated genetic switches (RNA switches) are devices that serve this purpose, as they can control gene expressions in response to input signals. In general, RNA switches consist of two domains: an aptamer domain, which binds to an input molecule, and an actuator domain, which controls the gene expression. An input binding to the aptamer can cause the actuator to alter the RNA structure, thus changing access to translation machinery. The assembly of multiple RNA switches has led to complex gene circuits for cell therapies, including the selective killing of pathological cells and purification of cell populations. The inclusion of RNA binding proteins, such as L7Ae, increases the repertoire and precision of the circuit. In this short review, we discuss synthetic RNA switches for gene regulation and their potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter KARAGIANNIS
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko FUJITA
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirohide SAITO
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
- Correspondence should be addressed: H. Saito, Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan (e-mail: )
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