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Li R, Pan Y, Jing N, Wang T, Shi Y, Hao L, Zhu J, Lua J. Flavonoids from mulberry leaves exhibit sleep-improving effects via regulating GABA and 5-HT receptors. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024:118734. [PMID: 39374877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mulberry leaf (Folium Mori) is a dried leaf of the dicotyledonous mulberry tree and is a homologous food and medicine. Treating insomnia with it is a common practice in traditional Chinese medicine. But still, its potential sleep-improving mechanism remains to be elucidated. AIM OF REVIEW Potential bioactive components and mechanisms of the sleep-improving effect of purified flavone from mulberry leaves (MLF) were explored through in vivo experiments, network pharmacology analysis, and molecular experimental validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The mice model was established by pentobarbital sodium induction to evaluate the sleep-improving effect of MLF. The MLF's chemical composition was identified through a liquid chromatograph quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (Q-TOF LC/MS) to elucidate its sleep-improving active ingredient. At last, the underlying mechanism of MLF's sleep-improving effect was elucidated through neurotransmitter detection (ELISA), network pharmacology analysis, and molecular experimental validation (quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting). RESULTS MLF could dramatically reduce sleep latency by 35%, prolong sleep duration by 123%, and increase the sleep rate of mice through increasing γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and serotonin (5-HT) release in serum, hypothalamus, and hippocampus. Q-TOF LC/MS identified 16 flavonoid components in MLF. Network pharmacological analysis suggested that the key sleep-improving active ingredients in MLF might be quercetin, kaempferol, morin, and delphinidin. The key path for MLF to improve sleep might be the tryptophan metabolism and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, and the key targets might be gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha2 Gene (GABRA2) and serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptors. CONCLUSIONS MLF has shown significant sleep-improving effects in mice and may take effect through regulating the GABA and 5-HT receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
| | - Yongkang Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
| | - Nannan Jing
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
| | - Yanling Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
| | - Limin Hao
- Systems Engineering Institute, Academy of Military Sciences (AMS), Beijing, 100010, China.
| | - Jiaqing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
| | - Jike Lua
- Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Luohe, Henan 462300, China.
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Kong X, Zhou X, Li R, Kang Q, Hao L, Zhu J, Lu J. Sleep-improving effect and the potential mechanism of Morus alba L. on mice. Fitoterapia 2024; 179:106205. [PMID: 39255910 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
As insufficient sleep has become a widespread concern in modern society, potential sleep-improving effect of mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf ethanol extract (MLE) and the related mechanism were investigated in the present study. According to the results, MLE could significantly shorten sleep latency by 33 %, extend sleep duration by 56 % and increase sleep ratio of mice through increasing 5-HT and GABA release in serum, hypothalamus and hippocampus. Metabonomic analysis showed that phenylalanine metabolism, arginine and proline metabolism might be the potential pathways of MLE to improve sleep. Network pharmacological and LC-MS analysis suggested that the key sleep-improving active ingredients in MLE might be luteolin, kaempferol, naringenin, morin, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol. Further molecular docking and qRT-PCR results demonstrated that the key targets for MLE to improve sleep might be MAOA, GABRA1 and GABRA2. In conclusion, MLE showed outstanding sleep-improving effect and great potential for the application as novel sleep-improving functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Kong
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Xiaolu Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Rui Li
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qiaozhen Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Limin Hao
- Systems Engineering Institute, Academy of Military Sciences (AMS), Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Jiaqing Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Jike Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Food Laboratory of Zhongyuan, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
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Kwon CY, Lee B, Lee JY. Effectiveness and safety of East Asian herbal medicine for menopausal insomnia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1414700. [PMID: 39175534 PMCID: PMC11338872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1414700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Menopausal insomnia significantly impacts the quality of life in women. East Asian herbal medicines (EAHMs) have been traditionally used in Asian countries, but their efficacy and safety require systematic evaluation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of EAHM for treating menopausal insomnia. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across 10 electronic databases from inception until 19 July 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating EAHM for menopausal insomnia were included. Two reviewers independently screened studies, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The primary outcome was sleep quality, insomnia severity, and sleep architecture. Secondary outcomes included total effective rate (TER), menopausal symptoms, and adverse effects. Meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model, and the results were calculated as mean differences (MDs) or risk ratios (RRs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Also, the certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. Results: A total of 70 RCTs involving 6,035 participants met the inclusion criteria. The most frequently used EAHMs were modified Suan Zao Ren Tang, and the most frequently used herbal component was Zizyphus jujuba Miller var. spinosa Hu ex H. F. Chou [Rhamnaceae; Zizyphi Semen]. Compared with sedative-hypnotics, EAHM significantly improved sleep quality, as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (MD -2.18, 95% CI -2.56 to -1.80), and reduced menopausal symptoms, as assessed by the Kupperman Index (MD -4.92, 95% CI -6.03 to -3.80). Similar results were seen when EAHM was added to sedative-hypnotics. When EAHM was additionally used in sedative-hypnotics, similar benefits were shown for PSQI (MD -2.46, 95% CI -3.09 to -1.82) and the Kupperman Index (MD -4.64, 95% CI -5.07 to -4.21). EAHM was generally safer than sedative-hypnotics, with significantly fewer adverse reactions (RR 0.15, 95% CI 0.07-0.34). However, the certainty of evidence was moderate to low. Conclusion: EAHMs, alone or with sedative-hypnotics, may be effective and safe for improving sleep quality and managing menopausal symptoms. Future studies should include diverse populations, rigorous methodologies, and explore mechanisms of action to confirm these findings. Systematic Review Registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?], identifier [CRD42023446708].
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan-Young Kwon
- Department of Oriental Neuropsychiatry, Dong-eui University College of Korean Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Boram Lee
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yeon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine, Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Su Q, Wang L, Yu H, Li H, Zou D, Ni X. Chinese herbal medicine and acupuncture for insomnia in stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep Med 2024; 120:65-84. [PMID: 38905930 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is highly prevalent in stroke patients; however, there is no ideal intervention. This systematic review examined the effect and safety of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) and acupuncture on sleep in adults with stroke. METHODS Six databases were searched from inception to June 2023 to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcome was Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scores. Risk of bias and evidence quality was assessed. A pairwise random-effect meta-analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 54 RCTs published in 55 articles were finally included in the systematic review, including 35 of CHM and 19 of acupuncture therapies. Compared with placebo/sham procedure, CHM and acupuncture were more effective in improving PSQI scores. The evidence of moderate quality suggested that CHM outperformed benzodiazepine drugs (BZDs) while it presented an effect similar to that of non-BZDs in improving sleep quality. CHM and acupuncture also provided additional benefits to the patients treated with pharmacological agents alone. However, the evidence specific to individual CHM prescriptions lay in various factors and methodological quality, and the evidence on the comparative effectiveness between acupuncture and other therapies was conflicting or limited. CONCLUSIONS Overall, CHM and acupuncture used alone or in combination with pharmacotherapy can safely improve sleep in stroke patients with insomnia. In the future, RCTs on outstanding CHM prescriptions and the comparative effectiveness research between acupuncture and other therapies are needed. REGISTRATION PROSPERO No. CRD42020194029 and No. CRD42020194030.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Su
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510120, China; The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Liyan Wang
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Hongshen Yu
- The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Huishan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510120, China; The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Danmei Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510120, China; The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaojia Ni
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, 510120, China; The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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Bao Y, Zhou H, Fu Y, Wang C, Huang Q. Zhumian Granules improves PCPA-induced insomnia by regulating the expression level of neurotransmitters and reducing neuronal apoptosis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118048. [PMID: 38484955 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sleep problems, according to Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) philosophy, are attributed to the imbalance between yin and yang. Zhumian Granules, also known as Sleep-aid Granules or ZG, are a traditional Chinese herbal remedy specifically designed to alleviate insomnia. This formula consists of many components, including Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), Suan Zao Ren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), and other medicinal plants. According to the pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Wu Wei Zi and Suan Zao Ren have the ability to relax the mind and promote sleep. When taken together, they may balance the opposing forces of yin and yang. Therefore, ZG may potentially be used as a therapeutic treatment for insomnia. AIM OF THE STUDY This research was specifically developed to establish a strong empirical basis for the subsequent advancement and utilization of ZG in the management of insomnia. This research aimed to gather empirical data to support the effectiveness of ZG, thereby providing useful insights into its potential therapeutic advantages for persons with insomnia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study utilized Zhumian Granules (ZG), a traditional Chinese herbal decoction, to examine its sedative and hypnotic effects on mice with PCPA-induced insomnia. The effects were assessed using the pentobarbital-induced sleep test (PIST), Morris water maze test (MWM), and autonomic activity test. The levels of neurotransmitters in each group of mice were evaluated using UPLC-QQQ-MS. The impact of ZG on the quantity and structure of hippocampal neurons was seen in brain tissue slices using immunofluorescence labeling. RESULTS ZG was shown to possess active sedative properties, effectively lowering the distance of movement and lengthening the duration of sleep. ZG mitigated the sleeplessness effects of PCPA by elevating the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), 4-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), while reducing the levels of dopamine (DA) and norepinephrine (NE), as well as decreasing neuronal death. CONCLUSIONS This research confirmed the sedative and hypnotic properties of ZG and elucidated its probable mechanism involving neurotransmitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hailun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yue Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, China
| | - Qinwan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
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Li B, Yang Y, Song Z, Tang Z. Comparative Analysis of the Sedative and Hypnotic Effects among Various Parts of Zizyphus spinosus Hu and Their Chemical Analysis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:413. [PMID: 38675375 PMCID: PMC11054641 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Zizyphus spinosus Hu (ZS), as a "medicinal and food-homologous" plant, has been used for a long history. The study was to assess the sedative and hypnotic effects among various parts of ZS. The model, diazepam (DZP), ZS kernel (ZSS), ZS flesh (ZSF), and ZS husk (ZSKS) group occurred subsequent to the successful establishment of the para-chlorophenylalanine induced insomnia model via intraperitoneal injection. The latency and duration of sleep in mice in each group were recorded. The substance basis of various parts of ZS was analyzed by the UPLC-QTOF-MS technique. The results showed that relative to the model group, DZP, ZSS, ZSF, and ZSKS groups demonstrated shortened sleep latency (p < 0.05) and extended sleep duration (p < 0.01). The GABA, 5-HT, and BDNF levels were significantly upregulated in the brain tissues of the mice in the DZP, ZSF, and ZSS groups (p < 0.01). However, the improvement in ZSKS was non-significant. Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of 5-HT1AR, GABAARα1, and BDNF in mice in the DZP, ZSS, and ZSF groups were significantly enhanced (p < 0.01). However, the improvement in the ZSKS group was insignificant (p < 0.05). The examination of the substance composition across different parts revealed that the shared chemical basis contributing to the sedative and hypnotic potency of different parts of ZS may involve the presence of compounds such as (1) magnoflorine, (8) betulinic acid, (9) ceanothic acid, and (10) alphitolic acid. It provides a basis for further elucidation of the substance basis responsible for the functional and medicinal effects of ZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Li
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Yuangui Yang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhongxing Song
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
| | - Zhishu Tang
- Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicine Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Innovative Drug Research Center and College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China; (B.L.); (Z.S.)
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
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Zhao X, Hou T, Zhou H, Liu Z, Liu Y, Wang C, Guo Z, Yu D, Xu Q, Wang J, Liang X. Multi-effective components and their target mechanism of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen in the treatment of insomnia. Fitoterapia 2023; 171:105712. [PMID: 37884227 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2023.105712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Insomnia is a common and refractory disease. Since more than 2000 years ago, people have been using Ziziphi Spinosae Semen (ZSS). However, there are lack of molecular mechanisms of sleep promotion effects of ZSS. The purpose of this study is to clarify the active ingredients in ZSS that are used to treat insomnia. Using a method called cellular label-free integrative pharmacology (CLIP), we established five insomnia-related target models, including serotonin (5HT2A and 5HT1A), melatonin (MT1), dopamine (D2) and epinephrine (β2) receptors. The one-dimensional (1D) fractions of ZSS extract were prepared on a RZC18 column and assayed on five models. Subsequently, the active fraction was further analyzed, fractionated and quantified using a two-dimensional (2D) liquid phase method coupled with a charged aerosol detector (CAD), This CAD-coupled 2D-LC method requires micro-fractions from the 1D separation and thus it greatly saves sample amounts and corresponding preparation time, and quickly conduct activity screening. The composition of the active 2D fractions was then determined using three-dimensional (3D) HPLC-MS, and molecular docking was separately carried out for the described compounds on the targets for activity prediction. Seven compounds were predicted to be active on 5HT2A, and two compounds on D2. We experimentally verified the prediction and found that vitexin exhibited D2 agonistic activity, and nuciferine exhibited 5HT2A antagonistic activity. This study revealed the effective components and their targets of ZSS in the treatment of insomnia, also highlighted the potential of the CLIP technique and bioactivity guided multi-dimensional HPLC-MS in molecular mechanism elucidation for traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tao Hou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Han Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Ziling Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Chaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhimou Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Dongping Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China
| | - Jixia Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China.
| | - Xinmiao Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Pharmacodynamic Material Basis of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganjiang Chinese Medicine Innovation Center, Nanchang 330000, China.
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Qiu C, Zhang JZ, Wu B, Xu CC, Pang HH, Tu QC, Lu YQ, Guo QY, Xia F, Wang JG. Advanced application of nanotechnology in active constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicines. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:456. [PMID: 38017573 PMCID: PMC10685519 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02165-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) have been used for centuries for the treatment and management of various diseases. However, their effective delivery to targeted sites may be a major challenge due to their poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and potential toxicity. Nanocarriers, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, inorganic nanoparticles and organic/inorganic nanohybrids based on active constituents from TCMs have been extensively studied as a promising strategy to improve the delivery of active constituents from TCMs to achieve a higher therapeutic effect with fewer side effects compared to conventional formulations. This review summarizes the recent advances in nanocarrier-based delivery systems for various types of active constituents of TCMs, including terpenoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and quinones, from different natural sources. This review covers the design and preparation of nanocarriers, their characterization, and in vitro/vivo evaluations. Additionally, this review highlights the challenges and opportunities in the field and suggests future directions for research. Nanocarrier-based delivery systems have shown great potential in improving the therapeutic efficacy of TCMs, and this review may serve as a comprehensive resource to researchers in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jun Zhe Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medical Science, Sixth Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Cheng Chao Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Huan Huan Pang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qing Chao Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Yu Qian Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Qiu Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Fei Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ji Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Ensurance and Sustainable Use of Dao-Di Herbs, Artemisinin Research Center, and Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
- Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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Ji J, Ye Y, Sheng L, Sun J, Hong Q, Liu C, Ding J, Geng S, Xu D, Zhang Y, Sun X. Sleep Promotion by 3-Hydroxy-4-Iminobutyric Acid in Walnut Diaphragma juglandis Fructus. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0216. [PMID: 37732131 PMCID: PMC10508226 DOI: 10.34133/research.0216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient sleep can produce a multitude of deleterious repercussions on various domains of human well-being. Concomitantly, the walnut (Juglans mandshurica) confers numerous salutary biological activities pertaining to sleep. Nevertheless, the sedative and hypnotic capacities of walnut's functional constituents remain obscure. In this investigation, we analyzed the sedative and hypnotic components of the walnut Diaphragma juglandis fructus and innovatively discovered a compound, defined as 3-hydroxy-4-iminobutyric acid (HIBA), which disrupts motor activity and enhances sleep duration by regulating the neurotransmitters (GABA, DA, etc.) within the brain and serum of mice. Subsequently, a metabolomics approach of the serum, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, and hippocampus as well as the gut microbiota was undertaken to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms of sleep promotion. Our data reveal that HIBA can regulate the metabolism of basal ganglia (sphingolipids, acylcarnitines, etc.), possibly in relation to HIBA's influence on the gut microbiome (Muribaculum, Bacteroides, Lactobacillus, etc.). Therefore, we introduce a novel natural product, HIBA, and explicate the modulation of sleep promotion in mice based on the microbiota-gut-brain axis. This study contributes fresh insights toward natural product-based sleep research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
- College of Food Science and Pharmacy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, No. 311 Nongda Dong Road, Ürümqi, Xinjiang, Uygur Autonomous Region 830052, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Lina Sheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Chemistry,
Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, P.R. China
| | - Shuxiang Geng
- Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, P.R. China
| | - Deping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,
School of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Lihu Avenue 1800, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214100, P.R. China
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10
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Wang J, Wang H, Yu J, Wang J, Cui Q, Hou L, Tian J. Traditional uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of diaphragma juglandis fructus: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 312:116440. [PMID: 37023838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Uyghur medicine, diaphragma juglandis fructus (DJF) has been conventionally used in treating insomnia and nourishing the kidneys. According to traditional Chinese medicine, DJF can boosts kidney and astringent essence, strengthen the spleen and kidney, exert diuretic effect, clear heat, stop eructation, and treat vomiting. AIM OF THE REVIEW Research on DJF has increased gradually in recent years, but reviews of its traditional uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological activities are scarce. The purpose of this review is to analyze the traditional uses, chemical composition, and pharmacological activities of DJF and provide an overview of the findings for further research and development of DJF resources. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on DJF were obtained from different databases, including Scifinder, PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, Springer, Wiley, ACS, CNKI, Baidu Scholar, and Google Scholar; books; and Ph.D. and MSc theses. RESULTS According to traditional Chinese medicine, DJF has astringent properties, inhibits bleeding and banding, strengthens the spleen and kidneys, acts as a sleeping aid by reducing anxiety, and relieves dysentery due to heat exposure. The components of DJF include flavonoids, phenolic acids, quinones, steroids, lignans, and volatile oils, which exhibit good antioxidant, antitumor, antidiabetic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and sedative-hypnotic properties, and present therapeutic potential for kidney diseases. CONCLUSIONS Based on its traditional use, chemical composition, and pharmacological activities, DJF is a promising source of natural medicine in the development of functional foods, drugs, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China.
| | - Haiqing Wang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China.
| | - Jian Yu
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China.
| | - Jinglong Wang
- College of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, China.
| | - Qinghua Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Lin Hou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Jingzhen Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
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11
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Yang Y, Liu J, Ou H, Ma X, Li J, Shao B, Jin R, Zhao J. Study on the Mechanism of Jiaotai Pill Intervention on Insomnia Animal Model Based on Gut Microbiome and Metabolomics. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2023; 2023:2442505. [PMID: 37260523 PMCID: PMC10229250 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2442505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Background With the continuous advancement of clinical application and experimental research of JTP, the application prospect of JTP in nervous system diseases and metabolic diseases is becoming increasingly clear. Jiaotai Pill (JTP) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for insomnia, consisting of Coptidis rhizoma and Cinnamomi cortex, which dates back to Han Shi Yi Tong in the Ming Dynasty of China. Objective Based on the brain-gut axis theory, this paper aims to explore the potential mechanism of JTP in the intervention of insomnia by using intestinal microbiome and metabolomics technology, taking the animal model of insomnia as the research object, so as to provide experimental basis for its further application and research. Methods The insomnia mouse model was induced by intraperitoneal injection of para-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). The clinical equivalent dose of JTP was administered by gavage for one week. The efficacy of JTP was evaluated by behavioral tests, serum biochemical detection, and brain histomorphological observation. The contents of cecum were analyzed by microbiomics and metabolomics. Results The results show that insomnia caused by PCPA led to daytime dysfunction, higher HPA axis hormone levels, and morphologically impaired hippocampus. JTP reversed these anomalies. Omics research indicates that JTP significantly reduced gut α diversity; at the phylum level, JTP reduced the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Deferribacterota, Cyanobacteria, and Actinobacteriota and increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobiota, Proteobacteria, and Desulfobacterota. At the genus level, JTP reduced the relative abundance of Muribaculaceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Alistipes, Colidextribacter, Muribaculum, and Mucispirillum and increased the relative abundance of Bacteroides and Akkermansia. JTP also reversed the activation of the linoleic acid metabolism pathway induced by insomnia. The combined analysis of omics suggests that JTP may play a role by regulating the inflammatory state of the body. Further gene expression analysis of brain tissue confirmed this. Conclusions We hypothesize that JTP may achieve insomnia relief by eliminating inflammation-causing bacteria in the gut and reducing inflammation levels through the brain-gut axis, pointing to potential targets and pathways for future research on JTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haosong Ou
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Binghao Shao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruyi Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Junyun Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 East Road, North 3rd Ring Road, Beijing 100029, China
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Jiang N, Hou S, Liu Y, Ren P, Xie N, Yuan Y, Hao Q, Liu M, Zhao Z. Combined LC-MS-based metabolomics and GC-IMS analysis reveal changes in chemical components and aroma components of Jujube leaf tea during processing. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1179553. [PMID: 37265633 PMCID: PMC10231682 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1179553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Making tea from jujube leaves changed the chemical composition and aroma composition of jujube leaves. Here, Through LC-MS, GC-IMS, and GC-MS technology, we have revealed the effect of jujube leaf processing changes on metabolites. LC-MS identified 468 non-volatile metabolites, while GC-IMS and GC-MS detected 52 and 24 volatile metabolites, respectively. 109 non-volatile metabolites exhibiting more pronounced differences were screened. Most lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids, amino acids, and flavonoids increased significantly after processing. GC-IMS and GC-MS analysis revealed that the contents of aldehydes and ketones were significantly increased, while esters and partial alcohols were decreased after processing into jujube leaf tea. The main flavor substances of fresh jujube leaf and jujube leaf tea were eugenol and (E) - 2-Hexenal, respectively. Furthermore, amino acids and lipids were closely linked to the formation of volatile metabolites. Our study provided new insights into the changes in metabolites of jujube leaves processed into jujube leaf tea, and had great potential for industrial application. It laid a foundation for further research on fruit tree leaf tea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Shujuan Hou
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yuye Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Peixing Ren
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Nuoyu Xie
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Qing Hao
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Mengjun Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Research Center of Chinese Jujube, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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13
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Feng W, Yang Z, Liu Y, Chen R, Song Z, Pan G, Zhang Y, Guo Z, Ding X, Chen L, Wang Y. Gut microbiota: A new target of traditional Chinese medicine for insomnia. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114344. [PMID: 36738504 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
All species have a physiological need for sleep, and sleep is crucial for the preservation and restoration of many physiological processes in the body. Recent research on the effects of gut microbiota on brain function has produced essential data on the relationship between them. It has been discovered that dysregulation of the gut-brain axis is related to insomnia. Certain metabolites of gut microbiota have been linked to insomnia, and disturbances in gut microbiota can worsen insomnia. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has unique advantages for the treatment of insomnia. Taking the gut microbiota as the target and determining the scientific relevance of TCM to the prevention and treatment of insomnia may lead to new concepts for the treatment of sleep disorders and improve the therapeutic effect of sleep. Taking the gut microbiota as an entry point, this paper reviews the relationship between gut microbiota and TCM, the relationship between gut microbiota and insomnia, the mechanism by which gut microbiota regulate sleep, and the mechanism by which TCM regulates gut microbiota for insomnia prevention and treatment. This review provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of insomnia through TCM and new ideas for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zhihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yangxi Liu
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zhihui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Guiyun Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Zehui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Xinya Ding
- First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tianjin 300381, China.
| | - Lu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China; Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China.
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Wuken S, Li J, Gao X, Jiao S, Ma X, Chen S, Tu P, Huang L, Chai X. Zerumbone, a major sesquiterpene from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl., exerts the sedative effect by regulating GABAergic nervous system. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115813. [PMID: 36220513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Zerumbone (ZER) is a humulane sesquiterpenoid isolated from Syringa pinnatifolia Hemsl. (SP), its content accounts for 64.7% of volatile oil and 0.86% of total ethanol extract (TEE), representing one of characteristic ingredient of SP. As a representative Mongolian medicine with anti-"Khii", anti-asthma, and clearing-heat effects, SP has been used for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, upset, insomnia, and other symptoms. AIM OF STUDY Previous results showed that TEE has sedative effect, but the pharmacological substances and its sedative mechanism remains unclear. This study aims to determine whether ZER, as one of major and characteristic sesquiterpenoids of SP, contributes to the sedative effect of SP and its underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Locomotor activity and threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium sleep experiments were used to evaluate the sedative effects in mice. ELISA assay was used to examine the level of GABA/Glu ratio in rats hippocampus, cortex and hypothalamus tissue. The binding ability of ZER with glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) and Gephyrin protein were predicted by molecular docking. Western blot and Immunohistochemistry assay were used to determine the expression of GABAergic nerve system related proteins (GAD67, Gephyrin) in rat's hypothalamus. ZER was co-administrated with flumazenil and bicuculline (GABAA antagonist) to determine whether it acts on GABAA receptor. Furthermore, MQAE assay was used to test the effect of ZER on the chloride ion concentration in cerebellar granule cells. RESULTS Current data demonstrated that ZER dose-dependently (5-20 mg/kg) reduces the locomotor activity and sleep latency of mice, and extend sleeping time of mice. The results of ELISA showed that ZER increases the level of GABA/Glu in rats brain tissue, in particular in hypothalamus. Molecular docking results revealed that ZER has a strong affinity to GAD67 and Gephyrin protein. The Western blot and Immunohistochemistry data indicated that ZER up-regulates the expression of GAD67 and Gephyrin protein in rat's hypothalamus. Antagonism test results demonstrated that flumazenil and bicuculline reverse the effect of ZER on threshold dose of pentobarbital sodium sleep experiments. In addition, ZER also could dose-dependently (5-20 μM) increase the chloride ion concentration in cerebellar granule cell, suggesting that ZER induces the opening of chloride channel, exerts central inhibitory effect. CONCLUSION ZER has a significant sedative effect in mice and rat, and the effect is associated with GABAergic nervous system. The present results suggest that ZER, as one of the major bioactive ingredients of SP, contributes to the sedative effect and provide substantial evidence for its traditional use of anti-"Khii" in clinic of Syringa pinnatifolia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana Wuken
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Junjun Li
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Xiaoli Gao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Shungang Jiao
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Xiaojing Ma
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Suyile Chen
- Alashan Mongolian Hospital, East Banner of Alashan, Inner Mongolia, 750306, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Tu
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, PR China.
| | - Xingyun Chai
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, PR China.
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Łuszczki JJ, Bojar H, Góralczyk A, Skalicka-Woźniak K. Antiseizure Effects of Scoparone, Borneol and Their Impact on the Anticonvulsant Potency of Four Classic Antiseizure Medications in the Mouse MES Model-An Isobolographic Transformation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021395. [PMID: 36674911 PMCID: PMC9867083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous botanical drugs containing coumarins and terpenes are used in ethnomedicine all over the world for their various therapeutic properties, especially those affecting the CNS system. The treatment of epilepsy is based on antiseizure medications (ASMs), although novel strategies using naturally occurring substances with confirmed antiseizure properties are being developed nowadays. The aim of this study was to determine the anticonvulsant profiles of scoparone (a simple coumarin) and borneol (a bicyclic monoterpenoid) when administered separately and in combination, as well as their impact on the antiseizure effects of four classic ASMs (carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital and valproate) in the mouse model of maximal electroshock-induced (MES) tonic-clonic seizures. MES-induced seizures were evoked in mice receiving the respective doses of the tested natural compounds and classic ASMs (when applied alone or in combinations). Interactions for two-drug and three-drug mixtures were assessed by means of isobolographic transformation of data. Polygonograms were used to illustrate the types of interactions occurring among drugs. The total brain content of ASMs was measured in mice receiving the respective drug treatments with fluorescent polarization immunoassay. Scoparone and borneol, when administered alone, exerted anticonvulsant properties in the mouse MES model. The two-drug mixtures of scoparone with valproate, borneol with phenobarbital and borneol with valproate produced synergistic interactions in the mouse MES model, while the remaining tested two-drug mixtures produced additivity. The three-drug mixtures of scoparone + borneol with valproate and phenobarbital produced synergistic interactions in the mouse MES model. Verification of total brain concentrations of valproate and phenobarbital revealed that borneol elevated the total brain concentrations of both ASMs, while scoparone did not affect the brain content of these ASMs in mice. The synergistic interaction of scoparone with valproate observed in the mouse MES model is pharmacodynamic in nature. Borneol elevated the brain concentrations of the tested ASMs, contributing to the pharmacokinetic nature of the observed synergistic interactions with valproate and phenobarbital in the mouse MES model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarogniew J. Łuszczki
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-81-448-6500; Fax: +48-81-448-6501
| | - Hubert Bojar
- Department of Toxicology and Food Safety, Institute of Rural Health, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Góralczyk
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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Wang LX, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Xue R, Li S, Li Y, Yu JJ, Li JC, Zhang YZ. Network pharmacology and pharmacological evaluation for deciphering novel indication of Sishen Wan in insomnia treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 108:154500. [PMID: 36288650 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia is the most frequent sleep disorder worldwide and is a prominent risk factor for mental and physical health deterioration. The clinical application of common pharmacological treatments for insomnia is far from satisfactory due to their various adverse effects. In recent years, drugs developed from natural herbs have become potential alternative therapies for insomnia. Sishen Wan (SSW), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) used for centuries to treat diarrheal disease, consists of multiple neurologically active herbs with sleep-regulating potential that may have therapeutic effects on insomnia. However, its hypnotic and sleep-regulating effects have not been evaluated in clinical practice or laboratory experiments. PURPOSE To investigate the anti-insomnia effects of SSW and explore its possible mechanisms using preclinical models. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The sedative effect of the SSW formula was investigated using network pharmacology analysis that was validated using various pharmacological approaches, including the evaluation of locomotor activity (LMA), pentobarbital-induced sleep time, and electroencephalography/electromyogram (EEG/EMG)-based sleep profiling in normal rats. Several animal models of insomnia, including sleep deprivation, serotonin depletion, and cage-changing models, have been used to further assess the anti-insomnia effects of SSW. Furthermore, the potential underlying mechanisms of action of SSW were predicted using bioinformatics methods and verified using in vivo and in silico experiments. RESULTS The results showed that SSW reduced LMA and prolonged pentobarbital-induced sleep time in a dose-dependent manner, which was consistent with the increase in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in normal rats, indicating a solid sedative effect. In animal models of insomnia, SSW alleviated sleep disturbance by increasing NREM sleep time, shortening NREM sleep latency, and inhibiting sleep fragmentation, suggesting a possible curative effect of SSW on insomnia. Finally, through functional enrichment analysis and in vivo and in silico experiments, 5-HT1A was identified as the key target of the anti-insomnia effect of SSW. Moreover, (S)-propranolol, nuciferine, zizyphusine, and N,N-dimethyl-5-methoxytryptamine may be the active compounds of SSW responsible for its anti-insomnia effect. CONCLUSION This study extended the possible indication scope for SSW, which provides a potential therapeutic TCM that may be used for insomnia treatment, as well as a reference scheme for the discovery of novel indications of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo-Xuan Wang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China; Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Center for Animal Experiment, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Xue
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China
| | - Ji-Jun Yu
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Therapeutic Gene Engineering Antibody, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Cao Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China.
| | - You-Zhi Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Beijing, China.
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Gao ZR, Feng YZ, Zhao YQ, Zhao J, Zhou YH, Ye Q, Chen Y, Tan L, Zhang SH, Feng Y, Hu J, Ou-Yang ZY, Dusenge MA, Guo Y. Traditional Chinese medicine promotes bone regeneration in bone tissue engineering. Chin Med 2022; 17:86. [PMID: 35858928 PMCID: PMC9297608 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00640-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) is a promising method for the repair of difficult-to-heal bone tissue damage by providing three-dimensional structures for cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been introduced as an effective global medical program by the World Health Organization, comprising intricate components, and promoting bone regeneration by regulating multiple mechanisms and targets. This study outlines the potential therapeutic capabilities of TCM combined with BTE in bone regeneration. The effective active components promoting bone regeneration can be generally divided into flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, and polyphenols, among others. The chemical structures of the monomers, their sources, efficacy, and mechanisms are described. We summarize the use of compounds and medicinal parts of TCM to stimulate bone regeneration. Finally, the limitations and prospects of applying TCM in BTE are introduced, providing a direction for further development of novel and potential TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Rong Gao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Qiong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ying-Hui Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Metabolic Bone Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qin Ye
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Shao-Hui Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Ze-Yue Ou-Yang
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Marie Aimee Dusenge
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Yue Guo
- Department of Stomatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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18
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Guo R, Shi AM, Deng L, Li L, Wang LC, Oteng AB, Wei MP, Zhao ZH, Hooiveld G, Zhang C, Wang Q. Flavonoid-Like Components of Peanut Stem and Leaf Extract Promote Sleep by Decreasing Neuronal Excitability. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100210. [PMID: 34747100 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Peanut stem and leaf (PSL), a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used as a dietary supplement to improve sleep quality; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, the study aims to determine whether active compounds in PSL extract exert their effects by mediating neuronal excitability. METHODS AND RESULTS Aqueous PSL extract (500 mg kg-1 BW) increases the duration of total sleep (TS), slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) in BALB/c mice after 7 and 14 continuous days of intragastric administration. Two PSL extract components with flavonoid-like structures: 4',7-di-O-methylnaringenin (DMN, 61 µg kg-1 BW) and 2'-O-methylisoliquiritigenin (MIL, 12 µg kg-1 BW), show similar effects on sleep in BALB/c mice. Moreover, incubation with DMN (50 µM) and MIL (50 µM) acutely reduces voltage-gated sodium and potassium currents and suppresses the firing of evoked action potential in mouse cortical neurons, indicating the inhibition on neuronal excitability. Meanwhile, RNA-seq analysis predicts the potential regulation of voltage-gated channels, which is according with the molecular docking simulation that both MIL and DMN can bind to voltage gated sodium channels 1.2 (Nav 1.2). CONCLUSIONS DMN and MIL are the active ingredients of PSL that improve sleep quality, suggesting that PSL promotes sleep by regulating the excitability of neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ai-Min Shi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lei Deng
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Human Nutrition and Health Division, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, WE 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Lie-Chen Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Anhui, 230031, China
| | | | - Meng-Ping Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Zhao
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guido Hooiveld
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Human Nutrition and Health Division, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, WE 6708, The Netherlands
| | - Chen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neural Regeneration and Repair, Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100193, China
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Dong YJ, Jiang NH, Zhan LH, Teng X, Fang X, Lin MQ, Xie ZY, Luo R, Li LZ, Li B, Zhang BB, Lv GY, Chen SH. Soporific effect of modified Suanzaoren Decoction on mice models of insomnia by regulating Orexin-A and HPA axis homeostasis. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 143:112141. [PMID: 34509822 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Modified Suanzaoren Decoction (MSZRD) is obtained by improving Suanzaoren Decoction (SZRT), a traditional Chinese herbal prescription that has been used to treat insomnia for more than thousands of years. Our previous study showed that MSZRD can improve the gastrointestinal discomfort related insomnia by regulating Orexin-A. This study is the first study to evaluate the effects and possible mechanisms of MSZRD in mice with insomnia caused by p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA) combined with multifactor random stimulation. METHODS After 14 days of multifactor stimulation to ICR mice, a PCPA suspension (30 mg/mL) was injected intraperitoneally for two consecutive days to establish an insomnia model. Three different doses of MSZRD (3.6, 7.2, and 14.4 g/kg/day) were given to ICR mice for 24 days. The food intake and back temperature were measured, and behavioral tests and pentobarbital sodium-induced sleep tests were conducted. The levels of Orexin-A, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and adrenocortical hormones (CORT) in the serum and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and norepinephrine (NE) in hypothalamus were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamic acid (Glu) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The expression of 5HT1A receptor (5-HTRIA) and orexin receptor 2 antibody (OX2R) was measured by Western blot (WB) and immunohistochemical staining (ICH). Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Nissl staining were used to assess the histological changes in hypothalamus tissue. RESULTS Of note, MSZRD can shorten the sleep latency of insomnia mice (P < 0.05, 0.01), prolonged the sleep duration of mice (P < 0.05, 0.01), and improve the circadian rhythm disorder relative to placebo-treated animals. Furthermore, MSZRD effectively increased the content of 5-HT and 5-HTR1A protein in the hypothalamus of insomnia mice (P < 0.05, 0.01), while downregulated the content of DA and NE (P < 0.05, 0.01). Importantly, serum GABA concentration was increased by treatment with MSZRD (P < 0.05), as reflected by a decreased Glu/GABA ratio (P < 0.05). Moreover, MSZRD decreased the levels of CORT, ACTH, and CRH related hormones in HPA axis (P < 0.05, 0.01). At the same time, MSZRD significantly downregulated the serum Orexin-A content in insomnia mice (P < 0.05), as well as hypothalamic OX2R expression (P < 0.05). In addition, MSZRD also improved the histopathological changes in hypothalamus in insomnia mice. CONCLUSION MSZRD has sleep-improvement effect in mice model of insomnia. The mechanism may be that regulating the expression of Orexin-A affects the homeostasis of HPA axis and the release of related neurotransmitters in mice with insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Ning-Hua Jiang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, No. 1518, Huancheng North Road, Nanhu District, Jaxing, Zhejiang 314001, China
| | - Liang-Hui Zhan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xi Teng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Xi Fang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Min-Qiu Lin
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Zhi-Yi Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Rong Luo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Lin-Zi Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Bo Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China
| | - Bei-Bei Zhang
- Center for Food Evaluation, State Administrition for Market Regulation, No. 188 Western Road of South Fourth Ring Road, Fengtai District, Beijing 100070, China.
| | - Gui-Yuan Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310053, China.
| | - Su-Hong Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, No. 18, Chaowang Road, Xiacheng District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, China.
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20
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Li W, Liu C, Wang R, Liu R, Peng M, Si G. Efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the treatment of poststroke insomnia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27396. [PMID: 34622844 PMCID: PMC8500639 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Western medicine has played an essential role in treating poststroke insomnia (PSI) in China, and traditional Chinese medicine therapy based on Chinese characteristics is also effective. Combined with China's national conditions, we plan to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine (INTEGRATED TCM and WM) therapy and Western medicine alone for PSI. METHODS We will search the following 5 electronic databases: PubMed, Wanfang, Chinese biomedical literature database, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical, and China national knowledge infrastructure. Randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy of INTEGRATED TCM and WM with Western medicine alone in the treatment of PSI will be considered. Primary outcomes have Treatment effectiveness rate, and Pittsburgh sleep quality index. Secondary outcomes include traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score, Athens insomnia scale, the incidence of adverse reactions, and outcome follow-up. Based on the eligibility criteria, we will conduct literature screening and data extraction. The quality of the included literature will be evaluated using the Cochrane risk of bias tools. We will use Review Manager software (Version 5.3) for data synthesis and statistical analyses. If sources of heterogeneity exist, we will perform a subgroup analysis or sensitivity analysis. A funnel plot will be used to analyze publication bias. RESULTS This study will provide evidence-based medicine evidence for treatment of PSI with INTEGRATED TCM and WM in terms of its efficacy. CONCLUSION This systematic review aims to provide new options for INTEGRATED TCM and WM treatment of PSI in terms of its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cuncheng Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ruiqi Wang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ruxue Liu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Min Peng
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guomin Si
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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21
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Sun Y, Zhao R, Liu R, Li T, Ni S, Wu H, Cao Y, Qu Y, Yang T, Zhang C, Sun Y. Integrated Screening of Effective Anti-Insomnia Fractions of Zhi-Zi-Hou-Po Decoction via Drosophila melanogaster and Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Underlying Pharmacodynamic Material and Mechanism. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:9176-9187. [PMID: 33842786 PMCID: PMC8028125 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Insomnia is an anabatic epidemiology, while the mechanism is extremely complicated; it remains one of the major scientific challenges in life sciences. Because of the advantage of having a similar genetic background and circadian rhythm as those of humans, the Drosophila melanogaster model organism is hugely popular in sleep-related drug screening studies. Seven-day-old virgin D. melanogaster was used to establish the sleep deprivation model by repeated light stimulation at night. Using PySolo activity monitoring system and Drosophila activity as indices, the effective fractions of Zhi-Zi-Hou-Po decoction (ZZHPD) for insomnia were screened; the content of monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), Homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the brain of D. melanogaster were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-electro-chemical detection. The herb-compound-target-disease target network were further constructed through network pharmacology to identify the potential targets and pathways of ZZHPD in the intervention of insomnia. Finally, the molecular docking method was used for evaluating the binding characteristics of important compounds from ZZHPD with related targets. The results showed that a certain dose of ZZHPD and its petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions could improve sleep. The dichloromethane fraction from ZZHPD extracts showed the best anti-insomnia effect among all extracts. It can also reduce the content of DA and HVA in the brain of D. melanogaster and increase 5-HT and 5-HIAA levels. The network pharmacology showed that the main active ingredients in ZZHPD included magnolol, honokiol, hesperidin, and so forth. According to the screening conditions, there were 71 targets and the result of KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that 73 pathways were associated with insomnia, which were primarily involved in inflammatory response, central neurotransmitter regulation, and apoptosis to relieve insomnia. The molecular docking results clarified that naringenin and apigenin have an intimate relationship with GABAA receptor, histamine H1, orexin receptor type 2, and interleukin-6. The mechanism of relieving insomnia is the result of the interaction of multi-components, multi-targets, and multi-pathways, which provides a certain theoretical basis for the treatment of insomnia and related diseases as well as clinical research.
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22
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Wang D, Hu G, Wang J, Yan D, Wang M, Yang L, Serikuly N, Alpyshov E, Demin KA, Galstyan DS, Amstislavskaya TG, de Abreu MS, Kalueff AV. Studying CNS effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine using zebrafish models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113383. [PMID: 32918992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Although Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a millennia-long history of treating human brain disorders, its complex multi-target mechanisms of action remain poorly understood. Animal models are currently widely used to probe the effects of various TCMs on brain and behavior. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has recently emerged as a novel vertebrate model organism for neuroscience research, and is increasingly applied for CNS drug screening and development. AIM OF THE STUDY As zebrafish models are only beginning to be applied to studying TCM, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the TCM effects on brain and behavior in this fish model species. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive search of published literature was conducted using biomedical databases (Web of Science, Pubmed, Sciencedirect, Google Scholar and China National Knowledge Internet, CNKI), with key search words zebrafish, brain, Traditional Chinese Medicine, herbs, CNS, behavior. RESULTS We recognize the developing utility of zebrafish for studying TCM, as well as outline the existing model limitations, problems and challenges, as well as future directions of research in this field. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the growing value of zebrafish models for studying TCM, aiming to improve our understanding of TCM' therapeutic mechanisms and potential in treating brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guojun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingtao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongni Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - LongEn Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nazar Serikuly
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Erik Alpyshov
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Konstantin A Demin
- Institute of Experimental Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - David S Galstyan
- Granov Russian Scientific Research Center of Radiology and Surgical Technologies, Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tamara G Amstislavskaya
- Scientific Research Institute of Physiology and Basic Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia; Zelman Institute of Medicine and Psychology, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Murilo S de Abreu
- Bioscience Institute, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil; Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology and Neurobiology, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Allan V Kalueff
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest University, Chongqing, China; Ural Federal University, Ekaterinburg, Russia.
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23
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Zhang F, Li B, Ban Z, Liang H, Li L, Zhao W, Yan X. Evaluation of origanum oil, hydrolysable tannins and tea saponin in mitigating ruminant methane: In vitro and in vivo methods. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:630-638. [PMID: 33480135 PMCID: PMC8359363 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of origanum oil (ORO), hydrolysable tannins (HYT) and tea saponin (TES) on methane (CH4) emission, rumen fermentation, productive performance and gas exchange in sheep by using in vitro and in vivo methods. The ORO, HYT and TES additive levels were normalized per kg dry matter (DM) in both in vitro and in vivo experiments: ORO‐0, 10, 20 and 40 ml/kg; HYT‐0, 15, 30 and 60 g/kg; and TES‐0, 15, 30 and 60 g/kg, respectively. During in vitro incubation, 40 ml/kg ORO linearly decreased CH4 emission (p < 0.05); 20 and 40 ml/kg ORO cubically decreased carbon dioxide (CO2) production (p < 0.05), and rumen pH was cubically raised with the increasing ORO additive level (p < 0.01). The 60 g/kg HYT cubically decreased CH4 production (p < 0.05). The pH of 60 g/kg HYT was higher than that of 15 and 30 g/kg (p < 0.01); the pH of 20 g/kg TES was higher than that of 5 g/kg (p < 0.05). In the in vivo experiments, 40 ml/kg ORO inhibited dry matter intake (p < 0.01) cubically and reduced average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) cubically (p < 0.05), and 20 or 40 ml/kg ORO linearly decreased CH4 production based on per day or metabolic weight (W0.75) (p < 0.05). Both 30 and 60 g/kg HYT linearly inhibited CH4 emission on the bases of per day and W0.75 (p < 0.05). The 20 g/kg TES improved the apparent digestibility of crude protein (p < 0.05), 10 and 20 g/kg of TES decreased CH4 emission (p < 0.05), and 5 g/kg of TES reduced O2 consumption and CO2 production (p < 0.05). In conclusion, these three plant extracts all showed the abilities on mitigating CH4 emission of sheep with appropriate additive ranges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Zhang
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China.,Key Laboratory of Beef Cattle Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Baihao Li
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Zhibin Ban
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China.,Key Laboratory of Beef Cattle Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Hao Liang
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Lijia Li
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China
| | - Xiaogang Yan
- The Branch Academy of Animal Science, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gongzhuling, China.,Key Laboratory of Beef Cattle Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Gongzhuling, China
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24
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Chiao YW, Livneh H, Guo HR, Chen WJ, Lu MC, Lin MC, Yeh CC, Tsai TY. Use of Chinese Herbal Medicines Is Related to a Reduction in Depression Risk Among Patients With Insomnia: A Matched Cohort Study. Front Neurol 2021; 11:583485. [PMID: 33551951 PMCID: PMC7854552 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.583485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Subjects with insomnia have a higher risk of depression, thus possibly making them live with serious health conditions. To date, information regarding the effect of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs), a commonly used complementary and alternative medicine, on depression risk among people with insomnia is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CHMs on the risk of depression among individuals with insomnia. Methods: This cohort study used a national health insurance database to identify 68,573 subjects newly diagnosed with insomnia, aged 20–70 years, who received treatment between 1998 and 2010. Using propensity score matching, we randomly selected 26,743 CHMs users and 26,743 non-CHMs users from this sample. All enrollees were followed to the end of 2012 to identify any treatment for depression as the end point. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to compute the adjusted hazard ratio of depression associated with CHMs use. Results: After utilizing the propensity score matching, we randomly selected 26,743 CHMs users and 26,743 non-CHMs users from this sample. During follow up, 3,328 CHMs users and 6,988 non-CHMs users developed depression at incidence rates of 17.24 and 37.97 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. CHMs users had a lower depression risk than the non-CHMs users (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.44; 95% Confidence Interval, 0.42–0.46). The greatest effect was observed for those taking CHMs for more than 2 years. Gegen, Huangqin, Dan-Shen, Beimu, Dahuang, Shegan, Shu-jing-huo-xue-tang, Ge-gen-tang, Shao-yao-gan-cao-tang and Píng wèi sǎn were significantly associated with a lower risk of depression. Conclusions: Findings from this study demonstrated that adding CHMs to conventional treatment significantly reduces depression risk among patients with insomnia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Wen Chiao
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Traditional Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hanoch Livneh
- Rehabilitation Counseling Program, Portland State University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - How-Ran Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Occupational Safety, Health, and Medicine Research Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jen Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chi Lu
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Dalin Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Chiu Lin
- Department of Nursing, Dalin Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chou Yeh
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Dalin Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Yi Tsai
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Dalin Tzuchi Hospital, The Buddhist Tzuchi Medical Foundation, Chiayi, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
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Qi Y, Zhang H, Liang S, Chen J, Yan X, Duan Z, Zhou D, Li Z. Evaluation of the Antidepressant Effect of the Functional Beverage Containing Active Peptides, Menthol and Eleutheroside and Investigation of Its Mechanism of Action in Mice. Food Technol Biotechnol 2020; 58:295-302. [PMID: 33281485 PMCID: PMC7709459 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.58.03.20.6568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Research background Depression has become a global threat to human health. In order to solve it, researchers have conducted multi-faceted studies including diet. Many food-derived bioactive substances have shown antidepressant effects. However, there are few studies on the design of industrialized food with antidepressant effect. This study aims to evaluate the antidepressant effect of a functional beverage made from several ingredients with potential antidepressant function and investigate its antidepressant mechanisms. Experimental approach The beverage consists of peppermint oil, active peptides derived from bovine milk casein and Acanthopanax senticosus extract (ASE) whose active ingredient is eleutheroside. Different amounts of ASE were evaluated to determine the optimal concentration of eleutheroside in this functional beverage to deliver the best antidepressant effect through extensive behavioral testing, including preliminary acute stress experiments and further chronic unpredictable mild stress test. Results and conclusions The results demonstrated that the beverage with 15 mg/kg of eleutheroside could significantly reduce the mice’s immobility time of tail suspension test and forced swimming test, recover mice’s sucrose preference and behavior changes in the open field test, improve the contents of dopamine, norepinephrine, 5-hydroxytryptamine and the activity of superoxide dismutase and reduce the content of malondialdehyde in mice’s brains, which indicated that the improvement of monoamine neurotransmitter systems and antioxidation was one potential mechanism of antidepressant action. Novelty and scientific contribution This study provides a design of antidepressant functional beverage and an efficient way for the prevention and treatment of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanjin Qi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Sha Liang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Tennessee, 2510 River Dr, TN 37996 Knoxville, USA
| | - Xiaoni Yan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Zhouyu Duan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Deyang Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, 712100 Yangling, PR China
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Shao J, Zheng X, Qu L, Zhang H, Yuan H, Hui J, Mi Y, Ma P, Fan D. Ginsenoside Rg5/Rk1 ameliorated sleep via regulating the GABAergic/serotoninergic signaling pathway in a rodent model. Food Funct 2020; 11:1245-1257. [PMID: 32052003 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo02248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As the most common sleep disorder, insomnia seriously affects people's everyday lives. Phytochemicals have been shown to have excellent sleep-promoting effects. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate whether Rg5 and Rk1 extracted from ginseng had sleep-promoting effects and to explore their potential mechanisms. The results showed that Rg5 and Rk1 could significantly lessen the locomotor activity of mice and promote the sleep quality index, including increasing the amount of sleep in a pentobarbital sodium experiment with a threshold dose. In parallel, Rg5 and Rk1 could significantly shorten the sleep latency of mice and prolong the sleep time of mice. Furthermore, Rg5 and Rk1 augmented the GABA/Glu ratio, up-regulating the expression of the GABAA receptor and the GABAB receptor, whereas the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin could antagonize the sleep quality of Rg5/Rk1. In addition, 5-HTP, the precursor of 5-HT, could enhance the sleep effect of Rg5 and Rk1 in mice, and both Rg5 and Rk1 could up-regulate the expression of 5-HT1A. These results were also confirmed by the detection of GABA and 5-HT in mouse cecum content. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rg5/Rk1 can exert sedative and hypnotic effects by affecting the GABA nervous system and the serotonin nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Shao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Degradable Biomedical Materials and Shaanxi R&D Center of Biomaterials and Fermentation Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Taibai North Road 229, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China.
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Effect of herbal medicine ( Huanglian-jie-du granule) for somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung: A randomized controlled trial. Integr Med Res 2020; 10:100453. [PMID: 33145164 PMCID: PMC7591736 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Huanglian-jie-du (HJD) granule, which is composed of representative “heat-clearing” herbs has been used for Hwa-byung. Hwa-byung is a culture-bound syndrome in Korea, characterized by distinct somatic symptoms such as chest congestion and heat sensation resulting from suppressed anger. We investigated the effect of HJD in patients with Hwa-byung. Methods Forty-four patients with Hwa-byung were recruited, and HJD or placebo granules were administered orally three times daily for seven days. The two primary outcomes were somatic symptoms, which were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire of physical symptoms (PHQ-15), and insomnia, which was measured by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at post-treatment. Results Between July 10 and October 31, 2017, 44 patients with Hwa-byung (mean age 36.68 years; and 38 female) were randomly assigned to HJD (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) group. After administration of HJD or placebo granule for seven days, ISI score was lower in the HJD group compared to placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -2.56 [95% CI -4.72 to -0.39], p = 0.0208). Meanwhile, there was no difference in PHQ-15 score between HJD group and placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -0.50 [95% CI: -3.02–4.02], p = 0.7812). Conclusions Our results suggest that the administration of HJD granule has a potential to improve insomnia in Hwa-byung patients. Effect of HJD granule for general somatic symptoms in Hwa-byung patients is unclear, and further researches are needed. Trial registration Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0002379.
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Zheng XX, Zhang KY, Li YC, Chen YW, Yue YS, Xia SZ, Li Y, Deng HH, Jing HL, Cao YJ. Imperatorin ameliorates learning and memory deficits through
BDNF
/
TrkB
and
ERK
/
CaMKIIα
/
CREB
signaling in prenatally‐stressed female offspring. Phytother Res 2020; 34:2408-2418. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing X. Zheng
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Kai Y. Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology (SCST), Xidian University Xi'an China
| | - Ying C. Li
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Yi W. Chen
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Yi S. Yue
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Si Z. Xia
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Yang Li
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Huan H. Deng
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
| | - Hui L. Jing
- Department of Dermatology Xi'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xi'an China
| | - Yan J. Cao
- Shaanxi Province Biomedicine Key Laboratory, School of Pharmacy Northwest University Xi'an China
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Northwest University, Ministry of Education Xi'an China
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Efficacy and Safety of Jiawei Suanzaoren Decoction Combined with Lorazepam for Chronic Insomnia: A Parallel-Group Randomized Controlled Trial. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:3450989. [PMID: 32089719 PMCID: PMC7031716 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3450989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem, but there are limited effective therapies. Jiawei Suanzaoren Decoction (JW-SZRD) has been used as an alternative option for treating insomnia. This study aimed to investigate the long-term efficacy and safety of JW-SZRD in combination with lorazepam for chronic insomnia. Methods A total of 207 participants were analyzed in this study. The treatment group (TG) received JW-SZRD and lorazepam orally, and the control group (CG) received lorazepam alone. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and the Somatic Self-rating Scale (SSS) were evaluated at baseline, weeks 4, 8, and 12. The MOS 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) was assessed at baseline and week 12. Adverse effects (AEs) were evaluated by the Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale (TESS). Results Both TG and CG showed obvious improvements in the sleep onset latency (SOL) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (d = 1.28). The ISI reduction rate in TG was higher than that in CG at weeks 4, 8, and 12 (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) (P=0.001 and 0.005) and total sleep time (TST) ( Conclusion The combination of JW-SZRD with lorazepam can significantly improve sleep quality with fewer AEs. It is an effective treatment and superior to lorazepam alone for chronic insomnia.
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Zhao Z, Bai Y, Xie J, Chen X, He X, Sun Y, Bai Y, Zhang Y, Wu S, Zheng X. Excavating precursors from the traditional Chinese herb Polygala tenuifolia and Gastrodia elata: Synthesis, anticonvulsant activity evaluation of 3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid (TMCA) ester derivatives. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102832. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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YAN Y, LI Q, DU HZ, SHEN CX, LI AP, PEI XP, DU CH, QIN XM. Determination of five neurotransmitters in the rat brain for the study of the hypnotic effects of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen aqueous extract on insomnia rat model by UPLC-MS/MS. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:551-560. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Wang JW, Liang FY, Ouyang XS, Li PB, Pei Z, Su WW. Evaluation of neuroactive effects of ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis, Schisandrin, and Schisandrin B and determination of underlying mechanisms by zebrafish behavioral profiling. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 16:916-925. [PMID: 30595216 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30133-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Schisandra chinensis, a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been used to treat sleep disorders. Zebrafish sleep/wake behavioral profiling provides a high-throughput platform to screen chemicals, but has never been used to study extracts and components from TCM. In the present study, the ethanol extract of Schisandra chinensis and its two main lignin components, schisandrin and schisandrin B, were studied in zebrafish. We found that the ethanol extract had bidirectional improvement in rest and activity in zebrafish. Schisandrin and schisandrin B were both sedative and active components. We predicted that schisandrin was related to serotonin pathway and the enthanol extract of Schisandra chinensis was related to seoronin and domapine pathways using a database of zebrafish behaviors. These predictions were confirmed in experiments using Caenorhabditis elegans. In conclusion, zebrafish behavior profiling could be used as a high-throughput platform to screen neuroactive effects and predict molecular pathways of extracts and components from TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Wang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Feng-Yin Liang
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Xiang-Shuo Ouyang
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Pei-Bo Li
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zhong Pei
- Department of Neurology, National Key Clinical Department and Key Discipline of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Wei-Wei Su
- Guangdong Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Quality and Efficacy Re-evaluation of Post-marketed TCM, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Zhao Z, He X, Ma C, Wu S, Cuan Y, Sun Y, Bai Y, Huang L, Chen X, Gao T, Zheng X. Excavating Anticonvulsant Compounds from Prescriptions of Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Epilepsy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:707-737. [PMID: 29737210 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history and been widely used in prevention and treatment of epilepsy in China. This paper is intended to review the advances in the active anticonvulsant compounds isolated from herbs in the prescription of TCM in the treatment of epilepsy. These compounds were introduced with the details including classification, CAS number specific structure and druggability data. Meanwhile, much of the research in these compounds in the last two decades has shown that they exhibited favorable pharmacological properties in treatment of epilepsy both in in vivo and in vitro models. In addition, in this present review, the evaluation of the effects of the anticonvulsant classical TCM prescriptions is discussed. According to these rewarding pharmacological effects and chemical substances, the prescription of TCM herbs could be an effective therapeutic strategy for epilepsy patients, and also could be a promising source for the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zefeng Zhao
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xirui He
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.,‡ Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Cuixia Ma
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Shaoping Wu
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Ye Cuan
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Ying Sun
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yajun Bai
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China.,† College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Linhong Huang
- ‡ Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, P. R. China
| | - Xufei Chen
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Tian Gao
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zheng
- * Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, P. R. China
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Antidepressive-like effect of imperatorin from Angelica dahurica in prenatally stressed offspring rats through 5-hydroxytryptamine system. Neuroreport 2018; 28:426-433. [PMID: 28383321 PMCID: PMC5639996 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a time of continued brain maturation, particularly in limbic and cortical regions, which undoubtedly plays a role in the physiological and emotional changes. Prenatally stressed offspring rats were used to investigate the potential antidepressive-like effects of imperatorin (IMP) extracted from the root of radix angelica. After 4 weeks of treatment of IMP, behavioral tests (sucrose-preference test, forced-swimming test, and open-field test) were measured. 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) concentration in the hippocampus and frontal cortex was measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serotonin transporters (5-HTT) and 5-HT1A receptor (5-HT1AR) mRNA expression in the hippocampus and frontal cortex were also determined by real-time PCR. Administration with IMP (15 and 30 mg/kg/day, intragastrically) for 28 days markedly increased the percentage of sucrose (anhedonia), decreased the immobility time, and increased the number of total crossings, center crossings, rearing, and grooming in the male prenatally stressed offspring. Meanwhile, we found that 5-HT concentration in the hippocampus and frontal cortex was significantly increased in the IMP-treated group. Subsequently, we found significantly decreased 5-HTT and increased 5-HT1AR mRNA expressions in the hippocampus and frontal cortex after IMP treatment in the prenatally stressed male offspring. IMP showed antidepressive-like effects and increased 5-HT concentration in male prenatally stressed offspring, suggesting that IMP could be of therapeutic use in preventing depressive-like behavior in adolescence.
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Chen GT, Lu Y, Yang M, Li JL, Fan BY. Medicinal uses, pharmacology, and phytochemistry of Convolvulaceae plants with central nervous system efficacies: A systematic review. Phytother Res 2018; 32:823-864. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2017] [Revised: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Tong Chen
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Yun Lu
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Min Yang
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Jian-Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
| | - Bo-Yi Fan
- School of Pharmacy; Nantong University; 19 Qixiu Road Nantong Jiangsu Province 226001 China
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In vivo and in silico sedative-hypnotic like activity of 7-methyljuglone isolated from Diospyros lotus L. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 87:678-682. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Cao Q, Jiang Y, Cui SY, Tu PF, Chen YM, Ma XL, Cui XY, Huang YL, Ding H, Song JZ, Yu B, Sheng ZF, Wang ZJ, Xu YP, Yang G, Ye H, Hu X, Zhang YH. Tenuifolin, a saponin derived from Radix Polygalae, exhibits sleep-enhancing effects in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 23:1797-1805. [PMID: 27912882 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radix Polygalae, the dried root of Polygala tenuifolia, has been extensively used as a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting intelligence and tranquilization. Polygalasaponins extracted from the root of P. tenuifolia possess evident anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic activities. Previous studies have reported that tenuifolin was a major constituent of polygalasaponins. PURPOSE The currently study aims to investigate the hypnotic effect and possible mechanism of tenuifolin in freely moving mice. DESIGN/METHODS The hypnotic effects of tenuifolin (20, 40 and 80mg/kg, p.o.) were assessed by electroencephalographic (EEG) and electromyographic (EMG) analysis. Double-staining immunohistochemistry test was performed to evaluate the neuronal activity of sleep-wake regulating brain areas. High performance liquid chromatograph- electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) and ultrafast liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UFLC-MS) were used for the detection of neurotransmitters. Locomotor activity was measured by Open-field Test. RESULTS Tenuifolin at doses of 40 and 80mg/kg (p.o.) significantly prolonged the total sleep time by increasing the amount of non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, associated with the significant increase in the bouts of episodes respectively. After administration of tenuifolin, the cortical EEG power spectral densities during NREM and REM sleep were similar to that of natural sleep (vehicle) and thus compatible with physiological sleep. Double-immunohistochemistry staining test showed that tenuifolin increased the c-Fos positive ratios of GABAergic NREM sleep-promoting neurons in ventrolateral preoptic area (VLPO), cholinergic REM sleep-promoting neurons in laterodorsal tegmental area (LDT) and pontomesencephalic tegmental area (PPT) and decreased the c-Fos positive ratios in wake-promoting neurons (locus coeruleus (LC) and perifornical area (Pef)). Neurotransmitter detections revealed that tenuifolin significantly reduced the noradrenaline (NA) levels in LC, VLPO, PPT and LDT, elevated the GABA levels in VLPO, LC and Pef and increased the acetylcholine (Ach) levels in LDT and PPT. In addition, tenuifolin did not cause any change to locomotor activity. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results provide the first experimental evidence of the significant sleep-enhancing effect of tenuifolin in mice. This effect appears to be mediated, at least in part, by the activation of GABAergic systems and/or by the inhibition of noradrenergic systems. Moreover, this study adds new scientific evidence and highlights the therapeutic potential of the medicinal plant P. tenuifolia in the development of phytomedicines with hypnotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cao
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Su-Ying Cui
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yue-Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiang-Yu Cui
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuan-Li Huang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Song
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhao-Fu Sheng
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zi-Jun Wang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xu
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Hui Ye
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yong-He Zhang
- Department of pharmacology, Peking University, School of Basic Medical Science, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Chen Y, Yao F, Ming K, Wang D, Hu Y, Liu J. Polysaccharides from Traditional Chinese Medicines: Extraction, Purification, Modification, and Biological Activity. Molecules 2016; 21:E1705. [PMID: 27983593 PMCID: PMC6273901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21121705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been used to treat diseases in China for thousands of years. TCM compositions are complex, using as their various sources plants, animals, fungi, and minerals. Polysaccharides are one of the active and important ingredients of TCMs. Polysaccharides from TCMs exhibit a wide range of biological activities in terms of immunity- modifying, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-tumor properties. With their widespread biological activities, polysaccharides consistently attract scientist's interests, and the studies often concentrate on the extraction, purification, and biological activity of TCM polysaccharides. Currently, numerous studies have shown that the modification of polysaccharides can heighten or change the biological activities, which is a new angle of polysaccharide research. This review highlights the current knowledge of TCM polysaccharides, including their extraction, purification, modification, and biological activity, which will hopefully provide profound insights facilitating further research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Fangke Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Ke Ming
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Deyun Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yuanliang Hu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Jiaguo Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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