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Miron RJ, Zhang Y. Understanding exosomes: Part 1-Characterization, quantification and isolation techniques. Periodontol 2000 2024; 94:231-256. [PMID: 37740431 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest subset of extracellular signaling vesicles secreted by most cells with a diameter in the range of 30-150 nm. Their use has gained great momentum recently due to their ability to be utilized as diagnostic tools with a vast array of therapeutic applications. Over 5000 publications are currently being published yearly on this topic, and this number is only expected to dramatically increase as novel therapeutic strategies continue to be investigated. This review article first focuses on understanding exosomes, including their cellular origin, biogenesis, function, and characterization. Thereafter, overviews of the quantification methods and isolation techniques are given with discussion over their potential use as novel therapeutics in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J Miron
- Department of Periodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, University of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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2
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Yan H, Wen Y, Tian Z, Hart N, Han S, Hughes SJ, Zeng Y. A one-pot isothermal Cas12-based assay for the sensitive detection of microRNAs. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:1583-1601. [PMID: 37106152 PMCID: PMC11108682 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01033-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
The use of microRNAs as clinical cancer biomarkers is hindered by the absence of accurate, fast and inexpensive assays for their detection in biofluids. Here we report a one-step and one-pot isothermal assay that leverages rolling-circle amplification and the endonuclease Cas12a for the accurate detection of specific miRNAs. The assay exploits the cis-cleavage activity of Cas12a to enable exponential rolling-circle amplification of target sequences and its trans-cleavage activity for their detection and for signal amplification. In plasma from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, the assay detected the miRNAs miR-21, miR-196a, miR-451a and miR-1246 in extracellular vesicles at single-digit femtomolar concentrations with single-nucleotide specificity. The assay is rapid (sample-to-answer times ranged from 20 min to 3 h), does not require specialized instrumentation and is compatible with a smartphone-based fluorescence detection and with the lateral-flow format for visual readouts. Simple assays for the detection of miRNAs in blood may aid the development of miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yunjie Wen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Zimu Tian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Nathan Hart
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Song Han
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Steven J Hughes
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
- University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, USA.
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3
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Yang H, Liao C, Zhang Z, Zhan P, Chen YR. Wheel drive-based DNA sensing system for highly specific and rapid one-step detection of MiRNAs at the attomolar level. Talanta 2023; 257:124371. [PMID: 36841015 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
With the use of DNA as building blocks, a variety of microRNA amplification-based sensing systems have been developed. Nevertheless, ultrasensitive, selective and rapid detection of microRNAs with a high signal-to-background ratio and point mutation discrimination ability remains a challenge. Herein, we propose a novel wheel drive-based DNA sensing system (NWDS) based on a self-assembled, self-quenched nanoprobe (SQP) to conduct highly specific and ultrasensitive one-step measurement of microRNAs. In this work, a signalling recognition DNA hairpin (DH) sequence with a self-complementary stem domain of 14 base pairs was used, which contained three functional regions, namely a recognition region for the target miRNA-21, a sticky region with 9 complementary nucleotides to the 3'terminus of a DNA wheel (DW) and a region for the hybridization with a quenching DNA primer (DP). The SQP was ingeniously self-assembled at room temperature by the DH and DP, which was capable of eliminating unwanted background signals. MiRNA-21 was employed as a target model to specifically activate the SQP, leading to specific hybridization between the HP and DW. With the assistance of a polymerase, an SQP-based wheel driving took place to induce hybridization/polymerization displacement cycles, initiating target recycling and DP displacement. As a result, a large amount of the newly formed hybrid SQP/DW accumulated to generate a substantially enhanced fluorescence signal. In this way, the newly proposed NWDS exhibits ultrasensitivity with a detection limit of 5.62 aM across a wide linear dynamic response range up to 200 nM, excellent selectivity with the capability to discriminate homologous miRNAs and one-base, two-base and three-base mismatched sequences, and an outstanding analytical performance in complex systems. In addition, the significant simultaneous advantages of one-step operation, rapid detection within 15 min and a high signal-to-background ratio of 26 offer a unique opportunity to promote the early diagnosis of cancer-related diseases and molecular biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbao Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Chuanwen Liao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China; Dermatology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330006, China.
| | - Yan-Ru Chen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, 330006, China.
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4
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Hsu CC, Yang Y, Kannisto E, Zeng X, Yu G, Patnaik SK, Dy GK, Reid ME, Gan Q, Wu Y. Simultaneous Detection of Tumor Derived Exosomal Protein-MicroRNA Pairs with an Exo-PROS Biosensor for Cancer Diagnosis. ACS NANO 2023; 17:8108-8122. [PMID: 37129374 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Tumor derived exosomes (TEXs) have emerged as promising biomarkers for cancer liquid biopsy. Conventional methods (such as ELISA and qRT-PCR) and emerging biosensing technologies mainly detect a single type of exosomal biomarker due to the distinct properties of different biomolecules. Sensitive detection of two different types of TEX biomarkers, i.e., protein and microRNA combined biomarkers, may greatly improve cancer diagnostic accuracy. We developed an exosome protein microRNA one-stop (Exo-PROS) biosensor that not only selectively captured TEXs but also enabled in situ, simultaneous detection of TEX protein-microRNA pairs via a surface plasmon resonance mechanism. Exo-PROS assay is a fast, reliable, low sample consumption, and user-friendly test. With a total of 175 cancer patients and normal controls, we demonstrated that TEX protein-microRNA pairs measured by Exo-PROS assay detected lung cancer and breast cancer with 99% and 96% accuracy, respectively. Exo-PROS assay also showed superior diagnostic performance to conventional ELISA and qRT-PCR methods. Our results demonstrated that Exo-PROS assay is a potent liquid biopsy assay for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chieh Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Yunchen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Eric Kannisto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Xie Zeng
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Guan Yu
- Department of Biostatistics, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Santosh K Patnaik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Grace K Dy
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Mary E Reid
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Elm and Carlton Street, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Qiaoqiang Gan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
- Materials Science Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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Lu Q, Xie L, Yin S, Chen F, Wu C, Liu M, Li H, Zhang Y. Ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-10b through target-triggered catalytic hairpin assembly and upconversion nanoparticles-based luminescence resonance energy transfer. Talanta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Azeem MM, Shafa M, Aamir M, Zubair M, Souayeh B, Alam MW. Nucleotide detection mechanism and comparison based on low-dimensional materials: A review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1117871. [PMID: 36937765 PMCID: PMC10018150 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1117871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent pandemic has led to the fabrication of new nucleic acid sensors that can detect infinitesimal limits immediately and effectively. Therefore, various techniques have been demonstrated using low-dimensional materials that exhibit ultrahigh detection and accuracy. Numerous detection approaches have been reported, and new methods for impulse sensing are being explored. All ongoing research converges at one unique point, that is, an impetus: the enhanced limit of detection of sensors. There are several reviews on the detection of viruses and other proteins related to disease control point of care; however, to the best of our knowledge, none summarizes the various nucleotide sensors and describes their limits of detection and mechanisms. To understand the far-reaching impact of this discipline, we briefly discussed conventional and nanomaterial-based sensors, and then proposed the feature prospects of these devices. Two types of sensing mechanisms were further divided into their sub-branches: polymerase chain reaction and photospectrometric-based sensors. The nanomaterial-based sensor was further subdivided into optical and electrical sensors. The optical sensors included fluorescence (FL), surface plasmon resonance (SPR), colorimetric, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), while electrical sensors included electrochemical luminescence (ECL), microfluidic chip, and field-effect transistor (FET). A synopsis of sensing materials, mechanisms, detection limits, and ranges has been provided. The sensing mechanism and materials used were discussed for each category in terms of length, collectively forming a fusing platform to highlight the ultrahigh detection technique of nucleotide sensors. We discussed potential trends in improving the fabrication of nucleotide nanosensors based on low-dimensional materials. In this area, particular aspects, including sensitivity, detection mechanism, stability, and challenges, were addressed. The optimization of the sensing performance and selection of the best sensor were concluded. Recent trends in the atomic-scale simulation of the development of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sensors using 2D materials were highlighted. A critical overview of the challenges and opportunities of deoxyribonucleic acid sensors was explored, and progress made in deoxyribonucleic acid detection over the past decade with a family of deoxyribonucleic acid sensors was described. Areas in which further research is needed were included in the future scope.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Mustafa Azeem
- Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: M. Mustafa Azeem, ; Muhammad Aamir,
| | - Muhammad Shafa
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Metal-Organic Molecular Materials and Devices, Kunming University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Muhammad Aamir
- Department of Basic Science, Deanship of Preparatory Year, King Faisal University, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: M. Mustafa Azeem, ; Muhammad Aamir,
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Basma Souayeh
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mir Waqas Alam
- Department of Physics, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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Kumar K, Kim E, Alhammadi M, Umapathi R, Aliya S, Tiwari JN, Park HS, Choi JH, Son CY, Vilian AE, Han YK, Bu J, Huh YS. Recent advances in microfluidic approaches for the isolation and detection of exosomes. Trends Analyt Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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8
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Khashayar P, Al-Madhagi S, Azimzadeh M, Scognamiglio V, Arduini F. New frontiers in microfluidics devices for miRNA analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Yin S, Chen A, Ding Y, Song J, Chen R, Zhang P, Yang C. Recent advances in exosomal RNAs analysis towards diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Gan Y, Zhou M, Ma H, Gong J, Fung SY, Huang X, Yang H. Silver nano-reporter enables simple and ultrasensitive profiling of microRNAs on a nanoflower-like microelectrode array on glass. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:456. [PMID: 36274120 PMCID: PMC9590124 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01664-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with ~ 22 nucleotides, playing important roles in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. The expression profiles of many miRNAs are closely related to the occurrence and progression of cancer and can be used as biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. However, their intrinsic properties, such as short length, low abundance and high sequence homology, represent great challenges in miRNA detection of clinical samples. To overcome these challenges, we developed a simple, ultrasensitive detection platform of electrochemical miRNAs chip (e-miRchip) with a novel signal amplification strategy using silver nanoparticle reporters (AgNRs) for multiplexed, direct, electronic profiling of miRNAs. A two-step hybridization strategy was used to detect miRNAs, where the target miRNA hybridizes with a stem-loop probe to unlock the probe first, and the opened stem-loop can further hybridize with AgNRs for signaling amplification. To enhance the detection sensitivity, the gold nanoflower electrodes (GNEs) were constructed in the microaperture arrays of the e-miRchips by electroplating. With the optimal size of the GNEs, the e-miRchip showed excellent performance for miR-21 detection with a detection limit of 0.56 fM and a linear range extended from 1 fM to 10 pM. The e-miRchip also exhibited good specificity in differentiating the 3-base mismatched sequences of the target miRNA. In addition, the e-miRchip was able to directly detect miR-21 expression in the total RNA extracts or cell lysates collected from lung cancer cells and normal cells. This work demonstrated the developed e-miRchip as an efficient and promising miniaturized point-of-care diagnostic device for the early diagnosis and prognosis of cancers.
Graphical Abstract
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11
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Recent advance of RNA aptamers and DNAzymes for MicroRNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 212:114423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Liang Z, Huang X, Tong Y, Lin X, Chen Z. Engineering an endonuclease-assisted rolling circle amplification synergistically catalyzing hairpin assembly mediated fluorescence platform for miR-21 detection. Talanta 2022; 247:123568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Adampourezare M, Hasanzadeh M, Seidi F. Microfluidic assisted recognition of miRNAs towards point-of-care diagnosis: Technical and analytical overview towards biosensing of short stranded single non-coding oligonucleotides. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113365. [PMID: 35785705 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs are short stranded single non-coding oligonucleotides that play an important role in regulating gene expression. MiRNAs are stable in RNase enriched environments such as human body fluids and their dysregulation or abnormal abundance in human body fluids as a diagnostic biomarker has been associated with several diseases. Due to the low concentration of miRNAs, it is difficult to detect using interactive methods (ideal detection limit is femtomolar range). However, clinicians lack sensitive and reliable methods for quantifying miRNA. Microfluidic devices integrated with electrochemical, optical (fluorometric, SERs, FRET, colorimetric), electrochemiluminescence and photoelectrochemical signal readout led to development innovative diagnostic device test, can probably overcome the limitations of the traditional methods. In the present review, microfluid methods for the sensitive and selective recognition of miRNA in various biological matrices are surveyed. Also, advantages and limitation of recognition methods on the performance and efficiency of microfluidic based biosensing of miRNAs are critically investigated. Finally, the future perspectives on the diagnosis of disease based on microfluidic analysis of miRNAs are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Adampourezare
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Hasanzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Farzad Seidi
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
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Mousavi SM, Amin Mahdian SM, Ebrahimi MS, Taghizadieh M, Vosough M, Sadri Nahand J, Hosseindoost S, Vousooghi N, Javar HA, Larijani B, Hadjighassem MR, Rahimian N, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Microfluidics for detection of exosomes and microRNAs in cancer: State of the art. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 28:758-791. [PMID: 35664698 PMCID: PMC9130092 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles with sizes ranging from 30-150 nanometers that contain proteins, lipids, mRNAs, microRNAs, and double-stranded DNA derived from the cells of origin. Exosomes can be taken up by target cells, acting as a means of cell-to-cell communication. The discovery of these vesicles in body fluids and their participation in cell communication has led to major breakthroughs in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of several conditions (e.g., cancer). However, conventional isolation and evaluation of exosomes and their microRNA content suffers from high cost, lengthy processes, difficult standardization, low purity, and poor yield. The emergence of microfluidics devices with increased efficiency in sieving, trapping, and immunological separation of small volumes could provide improved detection and monitoring of exosomes involved in cancer. Microfluidics techniques hold promise for advances in development of diagnostic and prognostic devices. This review covers ongoing research on microfluidics devices for detection of microRNAs and exosomes as biomarkers and their translation to point-of-care and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Amin Mahdian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Saeid Ebrahimi
- School of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghizadieh
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Center for Women’s Health Research Zahra, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 1665659911, Iran
| | - Javid Sadri Nahand
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saereh Hosseindoost
- Pain Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Vousooghi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Akbari Javar
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Hadjighassem
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Brain and Spinal Cord Research Center, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Rahimian
- Endocrine Research Center, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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15
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Exosome detection via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for cancer diagnosis. Acta Biomater 2022; 144:1-14. [PMID: 35358734 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As nanoscale extracellular vesicles, exosomes are secreted by various cell types, and they are widely distributed in multiple biological fluids. Studies have shown that tumor-derived exosomes can carry a variety of primary tumor-specific molecules, which may represent a novel tool for the early detection of cancer. However, the clinical translation of exosomes remains a challenge due to the requirement of large quantities of samples when enriching the cancer-related exosomes in biological fluids, the insufficiency of traditional techniques for exosome subpopulations, and the complex exosome isolation of the current commercially available exosome phenotype profiling approaches. The evolving surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technology, with properties of unique optoelectronics, easy functionalization, and the particular interaction between light and nanoscale metallic materials, can achieve sensitive detection of exosomes without large quantities of samples and multiplexed phenotype profiling, providing a new mode of real-time and noninvasive analysis for cancer patients. In the present review, we mainly discussed exosome detection based on SERS, especially SERS immunoassay. The basic structure and function of exosomes were firstly introduced. Then, recent studies using the SERS technique for cancer detection were critically reviewed, which mainly included various SERS substrates, biological modification of SERS substrates, SERS-based exosome detection, and the combination of SERS and other technologies for cancer diagnosis. This review systematically discussed the essential aspects, limitations, and considerations of applying SERS technology in the detection and analysis of cancer-derived exosomes, which could provide a valuable reference for the early diagnosis of cancer through SERS technology. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been applied to exosomes detection to obtain better diagnostic results. In past three years, several reviews have been published in exosome detection, which were narrowly focus on methods of exosome detection. Selection and surface functionalization of the substrate and the combination detection with different methods based on SERS will provide new strategies for the detection of exosomes. This review will focus on the above aspects. This emerging detection method is constantly evolving and contributing to the early discovery of diseases in the future.
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Gao YP, Huang KJ, Wang FT, Hou YY, Xu J, Li G. Recent advances in biological detection with rolling circle amplification: design strategy, biosensing mechanism, and practical applications. Analyst 2022; 147:3396-3414. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00556e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a simple and isothermal DNA amplification technique that is used to generate thousands of repeating DNA sequences using circular templates under the catalysis of DNA polymerase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-ping Gao
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
- Analysis and Testing Center, Xinyang College, Xinyang 464000, PR China
| | - Ke-Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Guangxi Colleges and Universities for Food Safety and Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical and Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530008, PR China
| | - Fu-Ting Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, PR China
| | - Yang-Yang Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, PR China
| | - Guoqiang Li
- International Joint Research Laboratory of New Energy Materials and Devices of Henan Province, School of Physics and Electronics, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, PR China
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17
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Piffoux M, Silva AKA, Gazeau F, Salmon H. Potential of on‐chip analysis and engineering techniques for extracellular vesicle bioproduction for therapeutics. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20200175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Max Piffoux
- Department of Medical Oncology Centre Léon Bérard Lyon France
- INSERM UMR 1197‐Interaction cellules souches‐niches: physiologie tumeurs et réparation tissulaire Villejuif France
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS Université de Paris Paris France
| | - Amanda K. A. Silva
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS Université de Paris Paris France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS Université de Paris Paris France
| | - Hugo Salmon
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes, CNRS Université de Paris Paris France
- Université de Paris, T3S, INSERM Paris France
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18
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Garafutdinov RR, Sakhabutdinova AR, Gilvanov AR, Chemeris AV. Rolling Circle Amplification as a Universal Method for the Analysis of a Wide Range of Biological Targets. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021; 47:1172-1189. [PMID: 34931113 PMCID: PMC8675116 DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Detection and quantification of biotargets are important analytical tasks, which are solved using a wide range of various methods. In recent years, methods based on the isothermal amplification of nucleic acids (NAs) have been extensively developed. Among them, a special place is occupied by rolling circle amplification (RCA), which is used not only for the detection of a specific NA but also for the analysis of other biomolecules, and is also a versatile platform for the development of highly sensitive methods and convenient diagnostic devices. The present review reveals a number of methodical aspects of RCA-mediated analysis; in particular, the data on its key molecular participants are presented, the methods for increasing the efficiency and productivity of RCA are described, and different variants of reporter systems are briefly characterized. Differences in the techniques of RCA-mediated analysis of biotargets of various types are shown. Some examples of using different RCA variants for the solution of specific diagnostic problems are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. R. Garafutdinov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - A. R. Sakhabutdinova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - A. R. Gilvanov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
| | - A. V. Chemeris
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054 Ufa, Russia
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19
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Wang J, Chen P, Dong Y, Xie H, Wang Y, Soto F, Ma P, Feng X, Du W, Liu BF. Designer exosomes enabling tumor targeted efficient chemo/gene/photothermal therapy. Biomaterials 2021; 276:121056. [PMID: 34364178 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes, endogenous nanosized particles (50-150 nm) secreted and absorbed by cells, have been recently used as diagnostic and therapeutic platforms in cancer treatment. The integration of exosome-based delivery with multiple therapeutic modalities could result in better clinical outcomes and reduced-sided effects. Here, we combined the targeting and biocompatibility of designer exosomes with chemo/gene/photothermal therapy. Our platform consists of exosomes loaded with internalized doxorubicin (DOX, a model cancer drug) and coated with magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with molecular beacons capable of targeting miR-21 for responsive molecular imaging. The coated magnetic nanoparticle enables enrichment of the exosomes at the tumor site by external magnetic field guidance. After the exosomes are gathered at the tumor site, the application of near-infrared radiation (NIR) induces localized hyperthermia and triggers the release of cargoes loaded inside the exosome. The released molecular beacon can target the miR-21 for both imaging and gene silencing. Meanwhile, the released doxorubicin serves to kill the cancer cells. About 91.04 % of cancer cells are killed after treatment with Exo-DOX-Fe3O4@PDA-MB under NIR. The ability of the exosome-based method for cancer therapy has been demonstrated by animal models, in which the tumor size is reduced dramatically by 97.57 % with a magnetic field-guided tumor-targeted chemo/gene/photothermal approach. Thus, we expected this designer exosome-mediated multi-mode therapy to be a promising platform for the next-generation precision cancer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, United States
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yue Dong
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Han Xie
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yachao Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fernando Soto
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94304, United States
| | - Peng Ma
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaojun Feng
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Du
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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20
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Zhou X, Cao H, Zeng Y. Microfluidic circulating reactor system for sensitive and automated duplex-specific nuclease-mediated microRNA detection. Talanta 2021; 232:122396. [PMID: 34074392 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Duplex-specific nuclease signal amplification (DSNSA) is a promising microRNA (miRNA) quantification strategy. However, existing DSNSA based miRNA detection methods suffer from costly chemical consumptions and require laborious multi-step sample pretreatment that are prone to sample loss and contamination, including total RNA extraction and enrichment. To address these problems, herein we devised a pneumatically automated microfluidic reactor device that integrates both analyte extraction/enrichment and DSNSA-mediated miRNA detection in one streamlined analysis workflow. Two flow circulation strategies were investigated to determine the effects of flow conditions on the kinetics of on-chip DSNSA reaction in a bead-packed microreactor. With the optimized workflow, we demonstrated rapid, robust on-chip detection of miR-21 with a limit-of-detection of 35 amol, while greatly reducing the consumption of DSN enzyme to 0.1 U per assay. Therefore, this microfluidic system provides a useful tool for many applications, including clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA.
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21
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Kurian TK, Banik S, Gopal D, Chakrabarti S, Mazumder N. Elucidating Methods for Isolation and Quantification of Exosomes: A Review. Mol Biotechnol 2021; 63:249-266. [PMID: 33492613 PMCID: PMC7940341 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-021-00300-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are the smallest extracellular vesicles present in most of the biological fluids. They are found to play an important role in cell signaling, immune response, tumor metastasis, etc. Studies have shown that these vesicles also have diagnostic and therapeutic roles for which their accurate detection and quantification is essential. Due to the complexity in size and structure of exosomes, even the gold standard methods face challenges. This comprehensive review discusses the various standard methods such as ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, size-exclusion chromatography, precipitation, immunoaffinity, and microfluidic technologies for the isolation of exosomes. The principle of isolation of each method is described, as well as their specific advantages and disadvantages. Quantification of exosomes by nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry, tunable resistive pulse sensing, electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, and microfluidic devices are also described, along with the applications of exosomes in various biomedical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talitha Keren Kurian
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Soumyabrata Banik
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Dharshini Gopal
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Shweta Chakrabarti
- Department of Bioinformatics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka 576104 India
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22
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Yang Y, Kannisto E, Patnaik SK, Reid ME, Li L, Wu Y. Ultrafast Detection of Exosomal RNAs via Cationic Lipoplex Nanoparticles in a Micromixer Biochip for Cancer Diagnosis. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2806-2819. [PMID: 34849458 PMCID: PMC8628515 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.0c03426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Exosomes are cell-derived, nanosized extracellular vesicles for intercellular communication. Exosomal RNAs have been shown as one type of promising cancer liquid biopsy biomarkers. Conventional methods to characterize exosomal RNAs such as quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) are limited by low sensitivity, large sample consumption, time-consuming process, and high cost. Many technologies have been developed to overcome these challenges; however, many hours are still required to complete the assays, especially when exosome lysis and RNA extraction are required. We have developed a microfluidic cationic lipoplex nanoparticles (mCLN) assay that utilizes a micromixer biochip to allow for the effective capture of exosomes by cationic lipoplex nanoparticles and thus enables ultrafast and sensitive exosomal RNA detection for cancer diagnosis. The sensing performance and diagnostic performance of the mCLN assay were investigated using non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as the disease model and exosomal microRNA-21 and TTF-1 mRNA as the biomarkers. The limits of detection of the mCLN assay were 2.06 × 109 and 3.71 × 109 exosomes/mL for microRNA-21 and TTF-1 mRNA, respectively, indicating that the mCLN assay may require as low as 1 μL of serum for exosomal RNA detection. The mCLN assay successfully distinguished NSCLC from normal controls by detecting significantly higher microRNA-21 and TTF-1 mRNA levels in exosomes from both NSCLC patient serum samples and A549 NSCLC cells than those from normal controls and BEAS-2B normal bronchial epithelial cells. Compared with conventional qRT-PCR assay, the mCLN assay showed a higher diagnostic accuracy in lung cancer, required less sample volume (30 vs 100 μL), and consumed much less time (10 min vs 4 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunchen Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| | - Eric Kannisto
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Santosh K Patnaik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Mary E Reid
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, New York 14263, United States
| | - Lei Li
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Yun Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
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23
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Yan H, Li Y, Cheng S, Zeng Y. Advances in Analytical Technologies for Extracellular Vesicles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:4739-4774. [PMID: 33635060 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- He Yan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yutao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Shibo Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States.,University of Florida Health Cancer Center, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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24
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Bury AG, Vincent AE, Turnbull DM, Actis P, Hudson G. Mitochondrial isolation: when size matters. Wellcome Open Res 2021; 5:226. [PMID: 33718619 PMCID: PMC7931255 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16300.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial vitality is critical to cellular function, with mitochondrial dysfunction linked to a growing number of human diseases. Tissue and cellular heterogeneity, in terms of genetics, dynamics and function means that increasingly mitochondrial research is conducted at the single cell level. Whilst there are several technologies that are currently available for single-cell analysis, each with their advantages, they cannot be easily adapted to study mitochondria with subcellular resolution. Here we review the current techniques and strategies for mitochondrial isolation, critically discussing each technology's limitations for future mitochondrial research. Finally, we highlight and discuss the recent breakthroughs in sub-cellular isolation techniques, with a particular focus on nanotechnologies that enable the isolation of mitochondria from subcellular compartments. This allows isolation of mitochondria with unprecedented spatial precision with minimal disruption to mitochondria and their immediate cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G Bury
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Pollard Institute, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Paolo Actis
- Pollard Institute, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK.,Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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25
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Abstract
Over the past decades, microfluidic devices based on many advanced techniques have aroused widespread attention in the fields of chemical, biological, and analytical applications. Integration of microdevices with a variety of chip designs will facilitate promising functionality. Notably, the combination of microfluidics with functional nanomaterials may provide creative ideas to achieve rapid and sensitive detection of various biospecies. In this review, focused on the microfluids and microdevices in terms of their fabrication, integration, and functions, we summarize the up-to-date developments in microfluidics-based analysis of biospecies, where biomarkers, small molecules, cells, and pathogens as representative biospecies have been explored in-depth. The promising applications of microfluidic biosensors including clinical diagnosis, food safety control, and environmental monitoring are also discussed. This review aims to highlight the importance of microfluidics-based biosensors in achieving high throughput, highly sensitive, and low-cost analysis and to promote microfluidics toward a wider range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Xing
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Linlu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Ziyi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Chuanzhu Lv
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Feifei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Fabiao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Hainan Trauma and Disaster Rescue, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Functional Materials and Molecular Imaging, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
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26
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Bury AG, Vincent AE, Turnbull DM, Actis P, Hudson G. Mitochondrial isolation: when size matters. Wellcome Open Res 2020; 5:226. [PMID: 33718619 PMCID: PMC7931255 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16300.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial vitality is critical to cellular function, with mitochondrial dysfunction linked to a growing number of human diseases. Tissue and cellular heterogeneity, in terms of genetics, dynamics and function means that increasingly mitochondrial research is conducted at the single cell level. Whilst there are several technologies that are currently available for single-cell analysis, each with their advantages, they cannot be easily adapted to study mitochondria with subcellular resolution. Here we review the current techniques and strategies for mitochondrial isolation, critically discussing each technology's limitations for future mitochondrial research. Finally, we highlight and discuss the recent breakthroughs in sub-cellular isolation techniques, with a particular focus on nanotechnologies that enable the isolation of mitochondria from subcellular compartments. This allows isolation of mitochondria with unprecedented spatial precision with minimal disruption to mitochondria and their immediate cellular environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander G. Bury
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Pollard Institute, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Amy E. Vincent
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Doug M. Turnbull
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Paolo Actis
- Pollard Institute, School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Gavin Hudson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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27
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Wang LL, Chen WQ, Wang YR, Zeng LP, Chen TT, Chen GY, Chen JH. Numerous long single-stranded DNAs produced by dual amplification reactions for electrochemical detection of exosomal microRNAs. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 169:112555. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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28
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Zhuang J, Huo Q, Yang F, Xie N. Perspectives on the Role of Histone Modification in Breast Cancer Progression and the Advanced Technological Tools to Study Epigenetic Determinants of Metastasis. Front Genet 2020; 11:603552. [PMID: 33193750 PMCID: PMC7658393 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.603552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is a complex process that involved in various genetic and epigenetic alterations during the progression of breast cancer. Recent evidences have indicated that the mutation in the genome sequence may not be the key factor for increasing metastatic potential. Epigenetic changes were revealed to be important for metastatic phenotypes transition with the development in understanding the epigenetic basis of breast cancer. Herein, we aim to present the potential epigenetic drivers that induce dysregulation of genes related to breast tumor growth and metastasis, with a particular focus on histone modification including histone acetylation and methylation. The pervasive role of major histone modification enzymes in cancer metastasis such as histone acetyltransferases (HAT), histone deacetylases (HDACs), DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), and so on are demonstrated and further discussed. In addition, we summarize the recent advances of next-generation sequencing technologies and microfluidic-based devices for enhancing the study of epigenomic landscapes of breast cancer. This feature also introduces several important biotechnologists for identifying robust epigenetic biomarkers and enabling the translation of epigenetic analyses to the clinic. In summary, a comprehensive understanding of epigenetic determinants in metastasis will offer new insights of breast cancer progression and can be achieved in the near future with the development of innovative epigenomic mapping tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialang Zhuang
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Huo
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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29
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Ye X, Li Y, Wang L, Fang X, Kong J. All-in-one microfluidic nucleic acid diagnosis system for multiplex detection of sexually transmitted pathogens directly from genitourinary secretions. Talanta 2020; 221:121462. [PMID: 33076082 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections are a serious public health concern worldwide, especially in young people. More than 30 pathogens can cause sexually transmitted diseases and co-infection often occurs. Therefore, the development of fast, low-cost and easy-to-use diagnostic screening methods is urgently needed for disease prevention and control. Herein, we established an all-in-one microfluidic nucleic acid diagnosis system, which could simultaneously detect Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum directly from genitourinary secretions with minimal manual manipulations. This system integrated nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection on a single microfluidic chip and could be automatically performed in an integrated detection device. This novel diagnosis tool showed good detection limits, stability (coefficient of variation <6%), specificity (no cross-reaction with 23 other pathogens for each target) and resistance to interference by other substances and the diagnostic efficacy was similar to that of PCR. The turn-around time was reduced to 50 min from sample to answer with automated testing steps. This novel diagnosis tool has the advantages of highly integrated, automated, sample-to-answer detection, and could thus replace the traditional method. This could significantly improve the prevention and control of sexually transmitted diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China
| | - Yang Li
- Shanghai Suxin Biotechnology Co. Ltd and Suchuang Diagnostic Products Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, PR China
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Shanghai Suxin Biotechnology Co. Ltd and Suchuang Diagnostic Products Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 201318, PR China
| | - Xueen Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
| | - Jilie Kong
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, PR China.
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30
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Zhang P, Wu X, Gardashova G, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Xu L, Zeng Y. Molecular and functional extracellular vesicle analysis using nanopatterned microchips monitors tumor progression and metastasis. Sci Transl Med 2020; 12:eaaz2878. [PMID: 32522804 PMCID: PMC8024111 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aaz2878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Longitudinal cancer monitoring is crucial to clinical implementation of precision medicine. There is growing evidence indicating important functions of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in tumor progression and metastasis, including matrix remodeling via transporting matrix metalloproteases (MMPs). However, the clinical relevance of EVs remains largely undetermined, partially owing to challenges in EV analysis. Distinct from existing technologies mostly focused on characterizing molecular constituents of EVs, here we report a nanoengineered lab-on-a-chip system that enables integrative functional and molecular phenotyping of tumor-associated EVs. A generalized, high-resolution colloidal inkjet printing method was developed to allow robust and scalable manufacturing of three-dimensional (3D) nanopatterned devices. With this nanochip platform, we demonstrated integrative analysis of the expression and proteolytic activity of MMP14 on EVs to detect in vitro cell invasiveness and monitor in vivo tumor metastasis, using cancer cell lines and mouse models. Analysis of clinical plasma specimen showed that our technology could be used for cancer detection including accurate classification of age-matched controls and patients with ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, or locally metastatic breast cancer in a training cohort (n = 30, 96.7% accuracy) and an independent validation cohort (n = 70, 92.9% accuracy). With clinical validation, our technology could provide a useful liquid biopsy tool to improve cancer diagnostics and real-time surveillance of tumor evolution in patients to inform personalized therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Xiaoqing Wu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Gulhumay Gardashova
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Yaohua Zhang
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Liang Xu
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Yong Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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31
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Wang L, Zhang L. Circulating Exosomal miRNA as Diagnostic Biomarkers of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2020; 13:53. [PMID: 32351363 PMCID: PMC7174585 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a group of diseases caused by chronic and progressive degeneration of neural tissue. The main pathological manifestations are neuronal degeneration and loss in the brain and/or spinal cord. Common NDDs include Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The complicated pathological characteristics and different clinical manifestations of NDDs result in a lack of sensitive and efficient diagnostic methods. In addition, no sensitive biomarkers are available to monitor the course of NDDs, predict their prognosis, and monitor the therapeutic response. Despite extensive research in recent years, analysis of amyloid β (Aβ) and α-synuclein has failed to effectively improve NDD diagnosis. Although recent studies have indicated circulating miRNAs as promising diagnostic biomarkers of NDDs, the miRNA in the peripheral circulation is susceptible to interference by other components, making circulating miRNA results less consistent. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles with a diameter of approximately 30-100 nm that transport proteins, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA. Because recent studies have shown that exosomes have a double-membrane structure that can resist ribonuclease in the blood, giving exosomal miRNA high stability and making them resistant to degradation, they may become an ideal biomarker of circulating fluids. In this review, we discuss the applicability of circulating exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers, highlight the technical aspects of exosomal miRNA analysis, and review studies that have used circulating exosomal miRNAs as candidate diagnostic biomarkers of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Sakhabutdinova AR, Mirsaeva LR, Oscorbin IP, Filipenko ML, Garafutdinov RR. Elimination of DNA Multimerization Arising from Isothermal Amplification in the Presence of Bst Exo– DNA Polymerase. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162020010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Sierra J, Marrugo-Ramírez J, Rodriguez-Trujillo R, Mir M, Samitier J. Sensor-Integrated Microfluidic Approaches for Liquid Biopsies Applications in Early Detection of Cancer. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E1317. [PMID: 32121271 PMCID: PMC7085501 DOI: 10.3390/s20051317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer represents one of the conditions with the most causes of death worldwide. Common methods for its diagnosis are based on tissue biopsies-the extraction of tissue from the primary tumor, which is used for its histological analysis. However, this technique represents a risk for the patient, along with being expensive and time-consuming and so it cannot be frequently used to follow the progress of the disease. Liquid biopsy is a new cancer diagnostic alternative, which allows the analysis of the molecular information of the solid tumors via a body fluid draw. This fluid-based diagnostic method displays relevant advantages, including its minimal invasiveness, lower risk, use as often as required, it can be analyzed with the use of microfluidic-based platforms with low consumption of reagent, and it does not require specialized personnel and expensive equipment for the diagnosis. In recent years, the integration of sensors in microfluidics lab-on-a-chip devices was performed for liquid biopsies applications, granting significant advantages in the separation and detection of circulating tumor nucleic acids (ctNAs), circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and exosomes. The improvements in isolation and detection technologies offer increasingly sensitive and selective equipment's, and the integration in microfluidic devices provides a better characterization and analysis of these biomarkers. These fully integrated systems will facilitate the generation of fully automatized platforms at low-cost for compact cancer diagnosis systems at an early stage and for the prediction and prognosis of cancer treatment through the biomarkers for personalized tumor analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Sierra
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - José Marrugo-Ramírez
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Romen Rodriguez-Trujillo
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mònica Mir
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Samitier
- Nanobioengineering Group, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC) Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 12 Baldiri Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; (J.S.); (R.R.-T.); (J.S.)
- Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain;
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Baldi P, La Porta N. Molecular Approaches for Low-Cost Point-of-Care Pathogen Detection in Agriculture and Forestry. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:570862. [PMID: 33193502 PMCID: PMC7655913 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.570862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of plant diseases is a crucial factor to prevent or limit the spread of a rising infection that could cause significant economic loss. Detection test on plant diseases in the laboratory can be laborious, time consuming, expensive, and normally requires specific technical expertise. Moreover, in the developing countries, it is often difficult to find laboratories equipped for this kind of analysis. Therefore, in the past years, a high effort has been made for the development of fast, specific, sensitive, and cost-effective tests that can be successfully used in plant pathology directly in the field by low-specialized personnel using minimal equipment. Nucleic acid-based methods have proven to be a good choice for the development of detection tools in several fields, such as human/animal health, food safety, and water analysis, and their application in plant pathogen detection is becoming more and more common. In the present review, the more recent nucleic acid-based protocols for point-of-care (POC) plant pathogen detection and identification are described and analyzed. All these methods have a high potential for early detection of destructive diseases in agriculture and forestry, they should help make molecular detection for plant pathogens accessible to anyone, anywhere, and at any time. We do not suggest that on-site methods should replace lab testing completely, which remains crucial for more complex researches, such as identification and classification of new pathogens or the study of plant defense mechanisms. Instead, POC analysis can provide a useful, fast, and efficient preliminary on-site screening that is crucial in the struggle against plant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Baldi
- IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Paolo Baldi,
| | - Nicola La Porta
- IASMA Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Trento, Italy
- The EFI Project Centre on Mountain Forests (MOUNTFOR), San Michele a/Adige, Trento, Italy
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35
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Luo L, Wang L, Zeng L, Wang Y, Weng Y, Liao Y, Chen T, Xia Y, Zhang J, Chen J. A ratiometric electrochemical DNA biosensor for detection of exosomal MicroRNA. Talanta 2020; 207:120298. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Electrochemical lead(II) biosensor by using an ion-dependent split DNAzyme and a template-free DNA extension reaction for signal amplification. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:709. [PMID: 31650391 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3857-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A voltammetric biosensor for lead(II) (Pb2+) is described that is based on signal amplification by using an ion-dependent split DNAzyme and template-free DNA extension reaction. The Pb2+-dependent split DNAzyme was assembled on gold nanoparticles (Au@Fe3O4), and this nanoprobe then was exposed to Pb2+ which causes the split-off of DNAzymes to release primers containing 3'-OH groups (S1 and S2). The template-free DNA extension reaction triggers the generation of long ssDNA nanotails, which then can bind the free redox probe N,N'-bis(2-(trimethylammonium iodide)propylene)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxyldiimide (PDA+) via electrostatic adsorption. Hence, the concentration of PDA+ in solution is reduced. Therefore, less free PDA+ can be immobilized on a glassy carbon electrode modified with electrodeposited gold nanoparticles (depAu) to produce an electrochemical signal, typically measured at ∼0.38 V (vs. SCE) for quantitation of Pb2+. The use of a Pb2+-dependent split DNAzyme avoids the usage of a proteinic enzyme. It also increases the sensitivity of the sensor which has a lower detection limit of 30 pM of Pb2+. Graphical abstract Novel electrochemical biosensor based on the amplification of ion-dependent split DNAzyme and template-free DNA extension reaction for trace detection of Pb2+.
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Sepehri S, Zardán Gómez de la Torre T, Schneiderman JF, Blomgren J, Jesorka A, Johansson C, Nilsson M, Albert J, Strømme M, Winkler D, Kalaboukhov A. Homogeneous Differential Magnetic Assay. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2381-2388. [PMID: 31397152 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Assays are widely used for detection of various targets, including pathogens, drugs, and toxins. Homogeneous assays are promising for the realization of point-of-care diagnostics as they do not require separation, immobilization, or washing steps. For low concentrations of target molecules, the speed and sensitivity of homogeneous assays have hitherto been limited by slow binding kinetics, time-consuming amplification steps, and the presence of a high background signal. Here, we present a homogeneous differential magnetic assay that utilizes a differential magnetic readout that eliminates previous limitations of homogeneous assays. The assay uses a gradiometer sensor configuration combined with precise microfluidic sample handling. This enables simultaneous differential measurement of a positive test sample containing a synthesized Vibrio cholerae target and a negative control sample, which reduces the background signal and increases the readout speed. Very low concentrations of targets down to femtomolar levels are thus detectable without any additional amplification of the number of targets. Our homogeneous differential magnetic assay method opens new possibilities for rapid and highly sensitive diagnostics at the point of care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Justin F. Schneiderman
- MedTech West and the Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jakob Blomgren
- RISE − Research Institute of Sweden, SE-411 33 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | | | - Mats Nilsson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University,
Box 1031,SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Albert
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Maria Strømme
- The Ångström Laboratory, Department of Engineering Sciences, Uppsala University, Box 534, SE-751 21 Uppsala, Sweden
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Su W, Li H, Chen W, Qin J. Microfluidic strategies for label-free exosomes isolation and analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ma K, Zhang H, Wang S, Wang H, Wang Y, Liu J, Song X, Dong Z, Han X, Zhang Y, Li H, Rahaman A, Wang S, Baloch Z. The molecular mechanism underlying GABAergic dysfunction in nucleus accumbens of depression-like behaviours in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:7021-7028. [PMID: 31430030 PMCID: PMC6787457 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Depression is the most frequent psychiatric disorder in the world. Recent evidence has shown that stress‐induced GABAergic dysfunction in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) contributed to the pathophysiology of depression. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these pathological changes remain unclear. In this study, mice were constantly treated with the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) till showing depression‐like behaviours expression. GABA synthesis, release and uptake in the NAc tissue were assessed by analysing the expression level of genes and proteins of Gad‐1, VGAT and GAT‐3 by qRT‐PCR and Western blotting. The miRNA/mRNA network regulating GABA was constructed based on the bioinformatics prediction software and further validated by dual‐luciferase reporter assay in vitro and qRT‐PCR in vivo, respectively. Our results showed that the expression level of GAT‐3, Gad‐1 and VGAT mRNA and protein significantly decreased in the NAc tissue from CUMS‐induced depression‐like mice than that of control mice. However, miRNA‐144‐3p, miRNA‐879‐5p, miR‐15b‐5p and miRNA‐582‐5p that directly down‐regulated the expression of Gad‐1, VGAT and GAT‐3 were increased. In the mRNA/miRNA regulatory GABA network, Gad‐1 and VGAT were directly regulated by binding seed sequence of miR‐144‐3p, and miR‐15b‐5p, miR‐879‐5p could be served negative post‐regulators by binding to the different sites of VGAT 3′‐UTR. Chronic stress causes the impaired GABA synthesis, release and uptake by up‐regulating miRNAs and down‐regulating mRNAs and proteins, which may reveal the molecular mechanisms for the decreased GABA concentrations in the NAc tissue of CUMS‐induced depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxiu Zhang
- Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Institute of Virology, Jinan, China
| | - Shiyuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Huaxin Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Juhai Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaobin Song
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenfei Dong
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaochun Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Honglei Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Abdul Rahaman
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University and Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijun Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zulqarnain Baloch
- Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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Wang YM, Trinh MP, Zheng Y, Guo K, Jimenez LA, Zhong W. Analysis of circulating non-coding RNAs in a non-invasive and cost-effective manner. Trends Analyt Chem 2019; 117:242-262. [PMID: 32292220 PMCID: PMC7156030 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in regulation of gene expression, and are highly relevant to pathological development. They are found to be stably present in diverse body fluids, including those in the circulatory system, which can be sampled non-invasively for clinical tests. Thus, circulating ncRNAs have great potential to be disease biomarkers. However, tremendous efforts are desired to discover and utilize ncRNAs as biomarkers in clinical diagnosis, calling for technological advancement in analysis of circulating ncRNAs in biospecimens. Hence, this review summarizes the recent developments in this area, highlighting the works devoted to cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Three main directions are focused: 1) Extraction and purification of ncRNAs from body fluids; 2) Quantification of the purified circulating ncRNAs; and 3) Microfluidic platforms for integration of both steps to enable point-of-care diagnostics. These technologies have laid a solid foundation to move forward the applications of circulating ncRNAs in disease diagnosis and cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biomedicine, School of Chemistry and Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Michael Patrick Trinh
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yongzan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Kaizhu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Luis A. Jimenez
- Program in Biomedical Sciences, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Wenwan Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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