1
|
Desk Jockey: A Device to Increase Non-Exercise Activity Thermogenesis in Adults. PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND HEALTH 2020. [DOI: 10.5334/paah.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
2
|
Saeidifard F, Medina-Inojosa JR, Supervia M, Olson TP, Somers VK, Erwin PJ, Lopez-Jimenez F. Differences of energy expenditure while sitting versus standing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2018; 25:522-538. [PMID: 29385357 DOI: 10.1177/2047487317752186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Replacing sitting with standing is one of several recommendations to decrease sedentary time and increase the daily energy expenditure, but the difference in energy expenditure between standing versus sitting has been controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine this difference. Designs and methods We searched Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar for observational and experimental studies that compared the energy expenditure of standing versus sitting. We calculated mean differences and 95% confidence intervals using a random effects model. We conducted different predefined subgroup analyses based on characteristics of participants and study design. Results We identified 658 studies and included 46 studies with 1184 participants for the final analysis. The mean difference in energy expenditure between sitting and standing was 0.15 kcal/min (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.12-0.17). The difference among women was 0.1 kcal/min (95% CI 0.0-0.21), and was 0.19 kcal/min (95% CI 0.05-0.33) in men. Observational studies had a lower difference in energy expenditure (0.11 kcal/min, 95% CI 0.08-0.14) compared to randomised trials (0.2 kcal/min, 95% CI 0.12-0.28). By substituting sitting with standing for 6 hours/day, a 65 kg person will expend an additional 54 kcal/day. Assuming no increase in energy intake, this difference in energy expenditure would be translated into the energy content of about 2.5 kg of body fat mass in 1 year. Conclusions The substitution of sitting with standing could be a potential solution for a sedentary lifestyle to prevent weight gain in the long term. Future studies should aim to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of this strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farzane Saeidifard
- 1 Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | - Jose R Medina-Inojosa
- 1 Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | - Marta Supervia
- 1 Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA.,2 Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Gregorio Marañon University Hospital, Spain
| | - Thomas P Olson
- 1 Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | - Virend K Somers
- 1 Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA
| | | | - Francisco Lopez-Jimenez
- 1 Division of Preventive Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Phillips CM, Dillon CB, Perry IJ. Replacement of Sedentary Time with Physical Activity: Effect on Lipoproteins. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2017; 50:967-976. [PMID: 29219943 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Limited data on the relationship between physical activity and lipoprotein particle profiles exist. Our objective was to investigate associations between objectively measured physical activity and lipoprotein particle size and number, and specifically whether substituting daily sedentary behavior with light activity or moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) is associated with beneficial alterations to the lipoprotein profile among adults and those at increased cardiometabolic risk (obese and insulin-resistant subjects). METHODS Sedentary behavior and physical activity intensity and duration were measured for 7 consecutive days using the GENEActiv accelerometer in a cross-sectional adult cohort (n = 396; mean age, 59.6 ± 5.5 yr). Lipoprotein particle size and subclass concentrations were determined using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Isotemporal substitution regression modeling quantified the associations between replacing 30 min·d of sedentary behavior with equal amounts of light activity and MVPA on lipoprotein profiles. RESULTS Daily duration of MVPA was inversely associated with large VLDL particles and lipoprotein insulin resistance scores (P < 0.05, after adjustment for sedentary time and other confounding factors). Reallocating 30 min of sedentary time with MVPA, but not light activity, was associated with less large VLDL particles resulting in more favorable average VLDL particle size and improved lipoprotein insulin resistance score (P < 0.05). Analysis of high-cardiometabolic-risk groups revealed similar beneficial alterations to VLDL profiles (P < 0.05) with substitution of sedentary time for MVPA among the insulin-resistant (homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance ≥75th percentile) but not the obese (body mass index ≥30 kg·m) individuals. CONCLUSIONS Daily MVPA duration and theoretical replacement of sedentary time with MVPA, but not light activity, were associated with less atherogenic VLDL profiles, particularly among the insulin-resistant individuals. These findings, which require further investigation, highlight the need to develop physical activity interventions aimed at improving atherogenic dyslipidemia and lowering cardiometabolic risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Phillips
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, IRELAND.,HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, IRELAND
| | - Christina B Dillon
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, IRELAND
| | - Ivan J Perry
- HRB Centre for Diet and Health Research, School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, IRELAND
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lindvall K, Jenkins P, Scribani M, Emmelin M, Larsson C, Norberg M, Weinehall L. Comparisons of weight change, eating habits and physical activity between women in Northern Sweden and Rural New York State- results from a longitudinal study. Nutr J 2015; 14:88. [PMID: 26319494 PMCID: PMC4553014 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-015-0078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Previous research has focused exclusively on weight loss or weight maintenance following weight loss, i.e. secondary weight maintenance (SWM). The long-term results of SWM have been modest, suggesting that preventing initial weight gain among normal weight or overweight individuals, i.e. primary weight maintenance (PWM), may be more successful. The aim of this study was to compare the pattern of weight change between Swedish and US women and to contrast eating and physical activity between the two countries. Methods A questionnaire of attitudes, strategies and behaviours regarding physical activity, food habits, body image and demands to maintain weight was mailed to 4021 Swedish and 3199 US individuals. Subjects had weight measurements taken 10 years apart in the Västerbotten Intervention Programme in northern Sweden, and self-reported weight as part of the Upstate Health and Wellness Study in Upstate New York. The mean 10-year percent weight change, and weight change in kilograms, were calculated between the two countries for nine female age (30, 40, 50 years at baseline) by BMI (20–25, 25–30, 30–35) groups. For the Swedish/US pair showing the largest differences in these two endpoints, analysis of variance, correlations and chi-square tests identified likely contributors to the observed differences in weight change. Results For all subgroups combined, the mean percent weight changes for Swedish women and US women were 4.9 % (SD = 5.8) and 9.1 % (SD = 13.7) respectively (p<0.001). Differences in 10 year weight change between the two countries were largest among normal weight 30 year olds. Eight variables were identified as likely contributors to this difference. A significantly higher proportion of Swedish women selected the healthy alternatives for these eight variables. Percent weight change varied considerably over healthy versus unhealthy response levels in the US, but not in Sweden. Conclusions The prevalence of obesity among the Swedish women did not progress as rapidly as among the US. The greatest weight gain occurred predominantly among the 30 year old groups. The Swedish women tended to select healthier alternatives than their US counterparts, and women in the US appeared to be more vulnerable to the effects of unhealthy habits than women in Sweden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Lindvall
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden. .,Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Paul Jenkins
- Bassett Healthcare Network Research Institute, One Atwell Road, Cooperstown, NY, 13326, USA
| | - Melissa Scribani
- Bassett Healthcare Network Research Institute, One Atwell Road, Cooperstown, NY, 13326, USA
| | - Maria Emmelin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Social Medicine and Global Health, Lund University, Jan Waldenströmsgatan 35, S- 205 02, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Christel Larsson
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Box 300, S-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Margareta Norberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lars Weinehall
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden.,Umeå Centre for Global Health Research, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, S-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Villablanca PA, Alegria JR, Mookadam F, Holmes DR, Wright RS, Levine JA. Nonexercise activity thermogenesis in obesity management. Mayo Clin Proc 2015; 90:509-19. [PMID: 25841254 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to cardiovascular disease. The global increase in sedentary lifestyle is an important factor contributing to the rising prevalence of the obesity epidemic. Traditionally, counseling has focused on moderate- to vigorous-intensity exercise, with disappointing results. Nonexercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT) is an important component of daily energy expenditure. It represents the common daily activities, such as fidgeting, walking, and standing. These high-effect NEAT movements could result in up to an extra 2000 kcal of expenditure per day beyond the basal metabolic rate, depending on body weight and level of activity. Implementing NEAT during leisure-time and occupational activities could be essential to maintaining a negative energy balance. NEAT can be applied by being upright, ambulating, and redesigning workplace and leisure-time environments to promote NEAT. The benefits of NEAT include not only the extra calories expended but also the reduced occurrence of the metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality. We believe that to overcome the obesity epidemic and its adverse cardiovascular consequences, NEAT should be part of the current medical recommendations. The content of this review is based on a literature search of PubMed and the Google search engine between January 1, 1960, and October 1, 2014, using the search terms physical activity, obesity, energy expenditure, nonexercise activity thermogenesis, and NEAT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A Villablanca
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY.
| | | | - Farouk Mookadam
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - David R Holmes
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - R Scott Wright
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kulinski JP, Khera A, Ayers CR, Das SR, de Lemos JA, Blair SN, Berry JD. Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and accelerometer-derived physical activity and sedentary time in the general population. Mayo Clin Proc 2014; 89:1063-71. [PMID: 25012770 PMCID: PMC5152946 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and sedentary behavior, independent of exercise activity. PATIENTS AND METHODS We included 2223 participants (aged 12-49 years; 1053 females [47%]) without known heart disease who had both cardiovascular fitness testing and at least 1 day of accelerometer data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. From accelerometer data, we quantified bouts of exercise as mean minutes per day for each participant. Sedentary time was defined as less than 100 counts per minute in mean minutes per day. Cardiorespiratory fitness was derived from a submaximal exercise treadmill test. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression analyses were performed with fitness as the dependent variable. Models were stratified by sex, adjusted for age, body mass index, and wear time, and included sedentary and exercise time. RESULTS An additional hour of daily exercise activity time was associated with a 0.88 (0.37-1.39; P<.001) metabolic equivalent of task (MET) higher fitness for men and a 1.37 (0.43-2.31; P=.004) MET higher fitness for women. An additional hour of sedentary time was associated with a -0.12 (-0.02 to -0.22; P=.03) and a -0.24 (-0.10 to -0.38; P<.001) MET difference in fitness for men and women, respectively. CONCLUSION After adjustment for exercise activity, sedentary behavior appears to have an inverse association with fitness. These findings suggest that the risk related to sedentary behavior might be mediated, in part, through lower fitness levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacquelyn P Kulinski
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Amit Khera
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Colby R Ayers
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Sandeep R Das
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - James A de Lemos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas
| | - Steven N Blair
- Department of Exercise Science and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Jarett D Berry
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hjelmesæth J. Tren deg slank – en myte? TIDSSKRIFT FOR DEN NORSKE LEGEFORENING 2013; 133:7. [DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.12.1321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
|