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Youk KM, Kim J, Cho YS, Park DJ. Gastric Cancer After Bariatric Surgeries. JOURNAL OF METABOLIC AND BARIATRIC SURGERY 2022; 11:20-29. [PMID: 36926673 PMCID: PMC10011677 DOI: 10.17476/jmbs.2022.11.2.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Bariatric surgery has been covered by medical insurance in Korea, since January 2019; and its number is steadily increasing. Representative bariatric surgeries include adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Each surgical method can be applied according to the patient's condition; however, there are other issues to consider in Korea. Because of the high incidence of gastric cancer in Korea, gastroscopy is recommended every two years after the age of 40. Therefore, it is difficult to perform conventional gastroscopy after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. In this review, the incidence of gastric cancer after representative bariatric surgery was investigated through a literature review, so that it could be used as a reference for the selection of bariatric surgery in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Min Youk
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeesun Kim
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yo-Seok Cho
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Do Joong Park
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Parmar C, Pouwels S. Oesophageal and Gastric Cancer After Bariatric Surgery: an Up-to-Date Systematic Scoping Review of Literature of 324 Cases. Obes Surg 2022; 32:3854-3862. [PMID: 36241765 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-022-06304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review aimed to give an updated overview of the occurrence, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of oesophageal and gastric cancer after bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS). METHODS Two searches were done (one for original studies and one for systematic reviews) using an adapted form of "scoping review methodology". MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Pubmed and the Cochrane Library were searched for studies on patients with either oesophageal or gastric cancer after BMS. RESULTS A total of 52 unique studies were included which reported on 324 patients, which included 110 (34%) males and 136 (42%) females. In the remaining 78 patients, gender was not specified. A mean of 62.95 ± 32.75 months was the time from BMS to diagnosis of cancer. Most of the patients had a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) as index bariatric surgical procedure, followed by gastric banding (GB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (respectively, 133 (41.0%) RYGB, 97 (30.0%) GB and 58 (18.0%) SG). Seven cases have been reported after OAGB-MGB (3 in gastric remnant, 4 in oesophagus/gastric pouch). Seventy-seven (24%) had distant metastasis (≥ M1/Mx status). The majority of tumours were adenocarcinoma (n = 208, 87.4%). In the majority of the cases, a surgical approach was preferred with either adjuvant chemo or radiotherapy. In the course of the disease, 122 of 324 patients died (37.8%). CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the most up-to-date review addressing oesophageal and gastric malignancies after bariatric surgery. Future research should focus to optimise screening for oesophageal and gastric cancer after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Parmar
- Department of Surgery, Whittington Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | - Sjaak Pouwels
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Elisabeth-Tweesteden Hospital, Tilburg, Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Agaplesion Bethanien Hospital, Frankfurt am Main, Hessen, Germany
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Li C, Lin S, Guan W, Shen J, Liang H. Radical Subtotal Gastrectomy for Distal Gastric Cancer After Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Case Report. Obes Surg 2021; 31:5466-5469. [PMID: 34212343 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05552-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shibo Lin
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiajia Shen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Chen W, Wang Y, Zhu J, Wang C, Dong Z. Esophagogastric Cancer After Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Systematic Review of Case Reports. Cancer Manag Res 2021; 13:3327-3334. [PMID: 33883944 PMCID: PMC8055354 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s303590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is the most commonly performed bariatric procedure. It has been shown that bariatric surgery reduces cancer risk. However, the risk of esophagogastric cancer after SG has not been defined yet and the development of cancer in the esophagus and stomach remains a matter of concern. Methods Web of Science, PubMed and Embase databases were searched. Articles that described the diagnosis and management of esophageal or gastric cancer after SG were considered. Results Seventeen esophagogastric cancer patients after SG were included. The age of the patients ranged from 21 to 64 years. Tumors were diagnosed after an interval of 33.9 ±22.8 months from SG (range 4 months–96 months). There were 4 esophageal cancers,4 gastroesophageal cancers and 9 gastric cancers; adenocarcinoma was the most frequent tumor histology (88.2%). The most commonly reported symptoms were food intolerance/dyspepsia (50.0%), vomiting/nausea/regurgitation (35.7%). Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGIE) with biopsy was used for diagnosis in most of the patients. Surgery was performed in 10 patients (58.8%), while 4 patients were treated by endoscopic procedures (23.5%). The mean follow-up length was 12.2 months (range 3 months– 36 months) and the overall disease-free survival rate was 88.9%. Conclusion The development of esophagogastric cancer after SG is still not well defined but it may occur at any time. Preoperative and follow-up UGIE are essential in order to allow for prevention, early diagnosis. Further epidemiologic studies are needed to investigate the post-SG-related risk of esophagogastric cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunchuan Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Dong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, People's Republic of China
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A De Novo Gastric Cancer 1 Year After Sleeve Gastrectomy-Is Bariatric Surgery a Risk Factor for Gastroesophageal Cancer Development? Obes Surg 2021; 31:3864-3865. [PMID: 33851306 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05410-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Muamar AS, Ammori BJ. Non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma more than 5 years after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: A case report and literature review. Asian J Endosc Surg 2021; 14:262-266. [PMID: 32812366 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of several cancers including adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and gastric cardia but not with distal gastric cancer (GC). Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is a popular bariatric procedure. We report the fifth case in the medical literature of non-cardia gastric adenocarcinoma 63 months after LSG in a 26-year-old woman with no known recognizable risk factors. Among these five cases, the median (range) age at time of diagnosis of GC was 47 (26-64) years, the body mass index (BMI) prior to LSG was 47 (35.3-65.1) kg/m2 , the BMI at time of cancer diagnosis was 32 (29.3-47.0) kg/m2 , and the interval between LSG and diagnosis was 54 (9-63) months. Nonetheless, the link between LSG and the risk of GC remains skeptical and is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Muamar
- Department of Oncology Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Basil J Ammori
- Department of Oncology Surgery, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
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Gastric Cancer After Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: a Case Report and Literature Review. Obes Surg 2021; 31:2797-2800. [PMID: 33641035 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05307-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yamashita T, Tan J, Lim E, Eng A, Ong HS, Chan WH. A case of gastric cancer after sleeve gastrectomy. Asian J Endosc Surg 2020; 13:586-591. [PMID: 31823477 DOI: 10.1111/ases.12777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is concern over how to survey the remnant upper gastrointestinal tract, as well as what to do if a patient subsequently develops an upper gastrointestinal cancer following bariatric surgery. We hereby report a case of gastric cancer arising 8 years after a laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). The patient, a 42 year-old woman, was diagnosed with a gastric cancer via esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). As such, she underwent a laparoscopic total gastrectomy with lymphadenectomy. The final histopathology was that of a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cells without lymph node metastases (staging pT4aN0). The background gastric mucosa displayed no Helicobacter pylori. There have only been a few reported cases of gastric cancer after sleeve gastrectomy. Nevertheless, it may be wise to consider performing EGD at regular intervals after bariatric surgery, especially in Asia. In this regard, LSG holds an advantage over Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with respect to the feasibility of surveillance of the remnant stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Yamashita
- Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jeremy Tan
- Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eugene Lim
- Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alvin Eng
- Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hock S Ong
- Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Weng H Chan
- Department of Upper GI and Bariatric Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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Ebrahimi R, Kermansaravi M, Khalaj A, Eghbali F, Mousavi A, Pazouki A. Gastro-Intestinal Tract Cancers Following Bariatric Surgery: a Narrative Review. Obes Surg 2020; 29:2678-2694. [PMID: 31175561 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-04007-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The association between obesity and malignancies has been identified epidemiologically. Meanwhile, the increasing global number of bariatric surgeries is reported annually; bariatric surgery's effect on different types of cancers is not well understood. Unfortunately, nonspecific presentations and difficulties regarding investigations make diagnosis challenging. The aim of this study is to compile available data about gastro-intestinal (GI) cancers, occurring after different bariatric surgeries. Although GI cancers are considered a rare complication of obesity surgery, they do exist, and diagnosis needs a high index of suspicion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Ebrahimi
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kermansaravi
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity, Hazrat e Rasool Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Khalaj
- Tehran Obesity Treatment Center, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foolad Eghbali
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity, Hazrat e Rasool Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mousavi
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Pazouki
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity, Hazrat e Rasool Hospital, Tehran, Iran
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Musella M, Berardi G, Bocchetti A, Green R, Cantoni V, Velotti N, Di Lauro K, Manzolillo D, Vitiello A, Milone M, De Palma GD. Esophagogastric Neoplasms Following Bariatric Surgery: an Updated Systematic Review. Obes Surg 2019; 29:2660-2669. [PMID: 31129886 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-019-03951-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Current challenges in gastric cancer surgery: European perspective. Surg Oncol 2018; 27:650-656. [PMID: 30449488 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide with expected 5-year survival rates around 25% in Western countries. In order to improve treatment strategy, a most effective staging process should be completed. A novel TNM staging for GC has been proposed recently, along with a separate staging system for GC patients who underwent preoperative therapy (ypStage). Availability of high-quality imaging and access to diagnostic laparoscopy with lavage cytology should be applied while planning the multimodal therapy. In the European setting, GC treatment is based on a combination of surgery and perioperative chemotherapy. However, in selected groups of patients with high risk of locoregional recurrence, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy should be considered. New epidemiological trends of GC in the Western countries include an upward shift in the location of the primary tumour and a relative increase of advanced and diffuse type tumours. These trends dictate modification of surgical techniques towards a more individualized GC treatment approach.
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