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Himmelsbach GS, Zabré HR, Leuenberger A, Knoblauch AM, Brugger F, Winkler MS. Exploring the Impact of Mining on Community Health and Health Service Delivery: Perceptions of Key Informants Involved in Gold Mining Communities in Burkina Faso. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:7167. [PMID: 38131718 PMCID: PMC10743287 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20247167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa is rich in natural resources but also faces widespread poverty. The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals brought increased attention to resource extraction projects, emphasizing their development potential in extraction regions. While mining companies are required to conduct environmental impact assessments, their effect on the project-affected communities' health mostly lacks systematic management, and their consideration of community perspectives is insufficient. Between March and May 2019, qualitative research was conducted at three industrial gold mines in Burkina Faso. Thirty-six participants, including community leaders, healthcare providers, and mining officials, were interviewed through key informant interviews about their perceptions on the impacts of mining operations on health, health determinants, and health service delivery. Disparities in perceptions were a key focus of the analysis. Mining officials reported mainly positive effects, while healthcare providers and community leaders described enhancing and adverse health impacts without clear trends observed regarding the extent of the impacts on health determinants. The perception of predominantly positive health impacts by mining officials represents a potential risk for insufficient acknowledgement of stakeholders' concerns and mining-related effects on community health in affected populations. Overall, this study enhances comprehension of the complex interplay between mining operations and health, emphasizing the need for comprehensive assessments, stakeholder involvement, and sustainable practices to mitigate negative impacts and promote the well-being of mining communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna S. Himmelsbach
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (G.S.H.); (A.M.K.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Hyacinthe R. Zabré
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union Commission, Roosevelt Street W21 K19, Addis Ababa 3243, Ethiopia;
| | | | - Astrid M. Knoblauch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (G.S.H.); (A.M.K.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box 4001 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fritz Brugger
- ETH Zürich, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Mirko S. Winkler
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, 4123 Allschwil, Switzerland; (G.S.H.); (A.M.K.)
- University of Basel, P.O. Box 4001 Basel, Switzerland
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Blåhed H, San Sebastián M. "If the reindeer die, everything dies": The mental health of a Sámi community exposed to a mining project in Swedish Sápmi. Int J Circumpolar Health 2021; 80:1935132. [PMID: 34219614 PMCID: PMC8259850 DOI: 10.1080/22423982.2021.1935132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2006, a British mining company started the process of extracting ore from Gállok/Kallak, in Swedish Sápmi. These grounds are used all year round for reindeer herding by the Sámi community Jåhkågasska tjiellde. While environmental impact assessments should be conducted by law in any development project in Sweden, the health component included is usually vague. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences and perceptions of the Sámi community regarding the current and potential health effects of the proposed mine.A qualitative study, including six in-depth interviews with members of the community, was conducted in 2020. Interviews were analysed using thematic analysis. Five themes were identified and organised in current and future impacts. Current impacts included “It’s like David’s battle against Goliath”, “It’s a slow process that takes a lot of power and energy”, “It’s a defense … like, to protect oneself”; with future impacts including: “If the reindeer die, everything dies”, “You would feel that you do not possess any power, [you would feel] overridden, pushed away, not liked”.The fear of losing current and future generations’ livelihoods appeared to be the main mediators of the current and potential worsened mental health experienced by the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Blåhed
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Miguel San Sebastián
- Department of Epidemiology and Global Health, Umeå University, Sweden.,Várdduo, Center for Sámi Research, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Toward Relational Practices for Enabling Knowledge-to-Action in Health Systems: The Example of Deliberative Dialogue. ANS Adv Nurs Sci 2019; 41:18-29. [PMID: 28169953 DOI: 10.1097/ans.0000000000000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Despite widespread emphasis on evidence-informed decision making in health care, there remain persistent challenges in actualizing this ideal. An integrated strategy to knowledge translation can help bridge perspectives across sectors, communities, and organizations, and bridge the "knowledge-to-action" gap. One such strategy is a deliberative dialogue method. Deliberative dialogue has unique potential to mobilize partnered changes and improvements across health care, and we believe, is most salient when enacted relationally through practices of relational engagement and relational accountability. Drawing from our own scholarship, we reflect on how these practices can help establish both processes and outcomes that can affect meaningful change.
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Benbow S, Forchuk C, Gorlick C, Berman H, Ward-Griffin C. "Until You Hit Rock Bottom There's No Support": Contradictory Sources and Systems of Support for Mothers Experiencing Homelessness in Southwestern Ontario. Can J Nurs Res 2019; 51:179-190. [PMID: 31046440 DOI: 10.1177/0844562119840910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nurses are vital community advocates and uniquely situated to support mothers experiencing homelessness. The purpose of this study was to examine the multidimensional nature of social exclusion in the lives of mothers experiencing homelessness in Southwestern Ontario. This article reports findings from one segment of a larger study that critically examined the sociopolitical context, health needs, exclusionary and inclusionary forces, and strategies of resistance demonstrated by mothers experiencing homelessness. Central to the women’s experiences of mothering while homeless were their interactions with “the system.” The contradictory nature of these systems was categorized into four subthemes: (1) “Until you hit rock bottom there’s no support,” (2) “It’s just not enough”: Insufficient support, (3) “Help comes with a price”: Support with surveillance, and (4) “Every shelter is so different”: Organizational philosophies impacting support. The contradictory nature of the system created an illusion of support, but in mothers’ lived realities, it perpetuated experiences of exclusion in spaces ironically designed to enhance inclusion. Implications for nursing practice include action the macro-, meso-, and microlevels. Nurses can advocate for Housing-First initiatives and evidence-informed approaches to poverty reduction while recognizing the system-level barriers to health and providing respective, compassionate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Benbow
- 1 Faculty of Health, Community Studies, and Public Safety, School of Nursing, Fanshawe College, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Cheryl Forchuk
- 2 Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences
| | - Carolyne Gorlick
- 3 School of Social Work, King's College, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Helene Berman
- 2 Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences
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Birn AE, Shipton L, Schrecker T. Canadian mining and ill health in Latin America: a call to action. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2018; 109:786-790. [PMID: 30191461 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-018-0113-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This commentary argues that Canada's public and global health communities have a special ethical and political responsibility to act to reverse the harms associated with Canadian mining activities in Latin America and beyond through advocacy, research, and using their public voice. We begin with an overview of the direct and indirect health effects of mining, drawing especially on Latin America where 50-70% of mining activity involves Canadian companies. Then we examine the judicial, legislative, financial, and diplomatic contexts that make Canada such a welcome host and champion of the mining sector. Finally, we turn to the responsibility of the public and global health communities, offering concrete recommendations for using research, practical expertise public health solidarity networks, and political clout to speak out and advocate for policies that redress the harms caused by mining.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leah Shipton
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ted Schrecker
- Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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Mactaggart F, McDermott L, Tynan A, Whittaker M. Exploring the broader health and well-being outcomes of mining communities in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review. Glob Public Health 2018; 13:899-913. [PMID: 27748647 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2016.1240821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Health and well-being outcomes in communities living in proximity to mining activity may be influenced by a broad spectrum of factors including population growth, economic instability or land degradation. This review aims to synthesise broader outcomes associated with mining activity and in doing so, further explore possible determinants in communities of low- and middle-income countries. Four databases were systematically searched and articles were included if the study targeted adults residing in proximity to mining activity, and measured individual or community-level health or well-being outcomes. Narrative synthesis was conducted. Twelve articles were included. Mining was perceived to influence health behaviours, employment conditions, livelihoods and socio-political factors, which were linked to poorer health outcomes. Family relationships, mental health and community cohesion were negatively associated with mining activity. High-risk health behaviours, population growth and changes in vector ecology from environmental modification were associated with increased infectious disease prevalence. This review presents the broader health and well-being outcomes and their determinants, and strengthens the evidence to improve measurement and management of the public health implications of mining. This will support the mining sector to make sustainable investments, and support governments to maximise community development and minimise negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liane McDermott
- a Wesley Medical Research , Brisbane , Australia
- b School of Public Health and Social Work , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Anna Tynan
- a Wesley Medical Research , Brisbane , Australia
- c School of Public Health , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
| | - Maxine Whittaker
- c School of Public Health , University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
- d College of Public Health, Medical and Vet Sciences , James Cook University , Townsville , Australia
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Caxaj CS, Kolol Qnan Tx'otx' Parroquia de San Miguel Ixtahuacan. A community-based intervention to build community harmony in an Indigenous Guatemalan Mining Town. Glob Public Health 2018; 13:1670-1681. [PMID: 29363397 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2018.1427273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The presence of large-scale mining operations poses many threats to communities. In a rural community in Guatemala, community leaders were motivated to address divisiveness and local conflict that have been exacerbated since the arrival of a mining company in the region. Prior research by our team identified spiritual and cultural strengths as important sources of strength and resilience in the community. We piloted a community-based intervention centred on spiritual and cultural practices in the region, to address divisiveness and build community harmony. One hundred and seventeen participants from over 18 villages in the municipality participated in the workshops and follow-up focus groups. Community leaders facilitated the intervention and partnered with the academic researcher throughout the research process. Overall, community members and facilitators expressed satisfaction with the workshop. Further, our analysis revealed three important processes important to the development of community harmony in the region: (a) mutual recognition and collectivisation; (b) affirmation of ancestral roots and connections to Mother Earth and (c) inspiring action and momentum towards solutions. These mechanisms, and the socio-political contexts that undermine them, have important implications for how global health programmes are developed and how collective processes for well-being are understood within an inequitable, conflict-laden world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Susana Caxaj
- a Faculty of Health and Social Development, School of Nursing , University of British Columbia , Kelowna , Canada
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Puga F, Dorough A, Rice JN. Beyond the Horizon: International Learning Experiences, Community Engagement, and Mental Health in Guatemala. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2017; 38:455-457. [PMID: 27548102 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2016.1217959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Puga
- a University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , School of Nursing , San Antonio , Texas , USA
| | - Amanda Dorough
- a University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , School of Nursing , San Antonio , Texas , USA
| | - Janis N Rice
- a University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio , School of Nursing , San Antonio , Texas , USA
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Brear M, Hammarberg K, Fisher J. Community participation in research from resource-constrained countries: a scoping review. Health Promot Int 2017; 33:723-733. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/dax010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Brear
- Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine and the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Level 2, St Kilda Rd, Prahran, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Hammarberg
- Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine and the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Level 2, St Kilda Rd, Prahran, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Jean Hailes Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine and the Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Level 2, St Kilda Rd, Prahran, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Zakrison TL, Cabezas P, Valle E, Kornfeld J, Muntaner C, Soklaridis S. The Perceived Consequences of Gold Mining in Postwar El Salvador: A Qualitative Study. Am J Public Health 2015; 105:2382-7. [PMID: 26378845 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2015.302832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated themes related to the health and environmental impacts of gold mining in El Salvador. METHODS Over a 1-month period in 2013, we conducted focus groups (n = 32 participants in total) and individual semistructured interviews (n = 11) with community leaders until we achieved thematic saturation. Data collection took place in 4 departments throughout the country. We used a combination of criterion-purposive and snowballing sampling techniques to identify participants. RESULTS Multiple themes emerged: (1) the fallacy of economic development; (2) critique of mining activities; (3) the creation of mining-related violence, with parallels to El Salvador's civil war; and (4) solutions and alternatives to mining activity. Solutions involved the creation of cooperative microenterprises for sustainable economic growth, political empowerment within communities, and development of local participatory democracies. CONCLUSIONS Gold mining in El Salvador is perceived as a significant environmental and public health threat. Local solutions may be applicable broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya L Zakrison
- Tanya L. Zakrison and Evan Valle are with the Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Julie Kornfeld is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami. Pedro Cabezas is with the Association for the Development of El Salvador (CRIPDES), San Salvador, El Salvador. Carles Muntaner is with the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and Sophie Soklaridis is with CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Pedro Cabezas
- Tanya L. Zakrison and Evan Valle are with the Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Julie Kornfeld is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami. Pedro Cabezas is with the Association for the Development of El Salvador (CRIPDES), San Salvador, El Salvador. Carles Muntaner is with the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and Sophie Soklaridis is with CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Evan Valle
- Tanya L. Zakrison and Evan Valle are with the Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Julie Kornfeld is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami. Pedro Cabezas is with the Association for the Development of El Salvador (CRIPDES), San Salvador, El Salvador. Carles Muntaner is with the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and Sophie Soklaridis is with CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Kornfeld
- Tanya L. Zakrison and Evan Valle are with the Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Julie Kornfeld is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami. Pedro Cabezas is with the Association for the Development of El Salvador (CRIPDES), San Salvador, El Salvador. Carles Muntaner is with the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and Sophie Soklaridis is with CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carles Muntaner
- Tanya L. Zakrison and Evan Valle are with the Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Julie Kornfeld is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami. Pedro Cabezas is with the Association for the Development of El Salvador (CRIPDES), San Salvador, El Salvador. Carles Muntaner is with the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and Sophie Soklaridis is with CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sophie Soklaridis
- Tanya L. Zakrison and Evan Valle are with the Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL. Julie Kornfeld is with the Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami. Pedro Cabezas is with the Association for the Development of El Salvador (CRIPDES), San Salvador, El Salvador. Carles Muntaner is with the Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, and Sophie Soklaridis is with CAMH Education, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Caxaj CS. Indigenous Storytelling and Participatory Action Research: Allies Toward Decolonization? Reflections From the Peoples' International Health Tribunal. Glob Qual Nurs Res 2015; 2:2333393615580764. [PMID: 28462305 PMCID: PMC5342277 DOI: 10.1177/2333393615580764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Storytelling, in its various forms, has often been described as a practice with great emancipatory potential. In turn, Indigenous knowledge shows great promise in guiding a participatory action research (PAR) methodology. Yet these two approaches are rarely discussed in relation to one another, nor, has much been written in terms of how these two approaches may work synergistically toward a decolonizing research approach. In this article, I report on a community-driven knowledge translation activity, the Peoples' International Health Tribunal, as an exemplar of how narrative and PAR approaches, guided by local Indigenous knowledge, have great potential to build methodologically and ethically robust research processes. Implications for building globally relevant research alliances and scholarship are further discussed, particularly in relation to working with Indigenous communities.
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Caxaj CS, Berman H, Ray SL, Restoule JP, Varcoe C. Strengths amidst vulnerabilities: the paradox of resistance in a mining-affected community in Guatemala. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2014; 35:824-34. [PMID: 25353295 DOI: 10.3109/01612840.2014.919620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The influence of large-scale mining on the psychosocial wellbeing and mental health of diverse Indigenous communities has attracted increased attention. In previous reports, we have discussed the influence of a gold mining operation on the health of a community in the Western highlands of Guatemala. Here, we discuss the community strengths, and acts of resistance of this community, that is, community processes that promoted mental health amidst this context. Using an anti-colonial narrative methodology that incorporated participatory action research principles, we developed a research design in collaboration with community leaders and participants. Data collection involved focus groups, individual interviews and photo-sharing with 54 men and women between the ages of 18 and 67. Data analysis was guided by iterative and ongoing conversations with participants and McCormack's narrative lenses. Study findings revealed key mechanisms and sources of resistance, including a shared cultural identity, a spiritual knowing and being, 'defending our rights, defending our territory,' and, speaking truth to power. These overlapping strengths were identified by participants as key protective factors in facing challenges and adversity. Yet ultimately, these same strengths were often the most eroded or endangered due the influence of large-scale mining operations in the region. These community strengths and acts of resistance reveal important priorities for promoting mental health and wellbeing for populations impacted by large-scale mining operations. Mental health practitioners must attend to both the strengths and parallel vulnerabilities that may be occasioned by large-scale projects of this nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Susana Caxaj
- University of British Columbia, Faculty of Health and Social Development, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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